Research Article
Effect of MAPP on the Physical Properties of Polypropylene/Poppy Stalks (Papaver Somniferum) Polymer Composite
Abstract
In this study; A polymer composite was produced by adding 20% poppy stalks to the polypropylene (PP) produced under the trade name NAFILean-PF2 555 (20% hemp added PP). To ensure the adhesion of polypropylene and poppy stalks, maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) was added as a compatibility agent at the rates of 5-10 and 15%, mixed in a twin-screw extruder and turned into granules. The granules obtained in the extrusion machine were dried and test samples were molded in the injection molding machine in accordance with the standards. Density, melt flow index, moisture absorption amount, vicat softening temperature and thermal distortion temperature (HDT) tests were carried out to determine the physical properties of the obtained polymer composite. In addition, the distribution of hemp and poppy stalks in the matrix was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As a result of the analysis, with the addition of poppy and MAPP in 20% hemp-containing PP (NAFILean-PF2 555); It was determined how the density, melt flow index, moisture absorption amount, vicat softening temperature and thermal distortion temperature values changed. As a result of SEM examination, it was determined that hemp and poppy particles were distributed homogeneously
References
- Alam, M.M., Ahmed, T., Haaque, M.M., Gafur, M.A., and Kabir, A.H., 2009. Mechanical properties of natural fiber containing polymer composites, Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 48(1) , 110-113. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1458547
- Aka, A., Tekerek, A.Y., Güler, G., and Taşdemir, M., 2019. High density polyethylene/uncarbonized and carbonized waste corn husk polymer composites: physical and wear behaviors. 35th International conference of the polymer processing society, İzmir/Türkiye.
- Andrzejewski, J., Barczewski, M., and Szostak, M., 2019. Injection molding of highly filled polypropylene-based biocomposites. Buckwheat husk and wood flour filler: A comparison of agricultural and wood industry waste utilization, Polymers, 11(11), 1881. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11111881
- Aslan, Y., Albrechtsen, Y., and Taşdemir, M., 2022. The Effect of foaming on mechanical and morphological properties of polypropylene, Bitlis Eren University Journal of Science, 11(3), 784-790. https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1097813
- Banat, R., 2019. Olive pomace flour as potential organic filler in composite materials: A brief review. American Journal of Polymer Science, 9 (1), 10-15. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.ajps.20190901.02
- Bhoopathi, R., Ramesh, M., and Deepa, C., 2014. Fabrication and property evaluation of banana hemp-glass fiber reinforced composites, Procedia Eng., 97, 2032–2041. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.12.446
- Gümüş, B.E., Yağcı, Ö., Erdogan, C.D., and Taşdemir, M., 2019. Dynamical mechanical properties of polypropylene composites filled with olive pit particles, Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 47(4). https://doi.org/10.1520/JTE20180198
- Gümüş, B.E, Yağcı, Ö., and Taşdemir, M., 2022. High-density polyethylene/artichoke leaf powder polymer composites: dynamic mechanical, morphological and thermal properties, Iranian Polymer Journal, 31, 787-797. https://doi.org 0.1007/s13726-022-01031-1
- Huda, M.S., Drzal, L.T., Mohanty, A.K., and Misra, M., 2008. Effect of fiber surface treatments on the properties of laminated biocomposites from PLA and kenaf fiber, Composites Science and Technology, 68, 424-432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2007.06.022
- Keskin, H., Küçüktüvek, M., and Guru, M., 2015. The potential of poppy (papaver somniferum linnaeus) husk for manufacturing wood-based particleboards, Construction and Bulding Materials, 95, 224-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.160
- Korkmaz, B., Özhan, A., Peksanlı, A., Tepeyurt,. GN., and Taşdemir, M., 2018. Investigation on phsical and mechanical properties of high density polyethylene/artichoke leaf powder polymer composites. International conferance on physical chemisry and functional materials, Fırat University, Elazığ-Türkiye, 136-140.
- Kusumaningrum, W.B., and Munuwar, S.S. 2018. Heat deflection temperature (HDT) of polypropylene composite reinforced cellulose microfibrils of oil palm empty fruit bunch and frond, Wood Research Journal, 9(1), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.51850/wrj.2018.9.1.8-14
- Mathur, N.M., Bairwa, K.N., and Raj Kumar, R., 2021. A literature review on composite material and scope of sugar cane bagasse. Int. Journal of Industrial Engineering Research Development, 5(4), 125–133.
- Morreale, M., Scaffaro, R., Maio, A., and La Mantia. F.P., 2008. Effect of adding wood flour to the physical properties of biodegradable polymer, Composites Part A, 39, 503-513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2007.12.002
- Samuel, O.D., Agbo, S., and Adekanye, T.A., 2012. Assessing mechanical properties of natural fibre reinforced composites for engineering applications. J. Miner. Mater. Charact. Eng., 11(8), 780–784.
- Sırtıkara, M., Teke, Z., Şahin, K.A., and Taşdemir, M., 2019. Investigation of the effects of carbonized and uncarbonized orange peel powder on the physical properties of polypropylene. The international conference on materials science, mechanical and automotive engineering and technology, Nevşehir/Türkiye.
- Taşdemir, M., and Kaştan, A., 2021. Zeytin çekirdeği tozu ilave edilmiş polipropilen kompozitinin aşınma ve fiziksel özellikleri, BEÜ Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(2) 568-576. https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.876152
- Taşdemir, M., and Şen, E.G., 2022. Atık cam elyaf oranının polipropilen/üzüm sapı-çeltik polimer kompozitinin fiziksel özelliklerine etkisinin incelenmesi, Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(2), 890-898. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1042733
- Tholiya, P., Deshmukh, S.P., 2021. Property evaluation of hemp-bagasse fiber composite-A review, International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology, 6(1), 376-382. https://doi.org/10.33564/IJEAST.2021.v06i01.058
- Ulutaş, E., Taşdemir, M., and Koçak, E.D., 2019. Investigation of physical properties of recycled polypropylene/rice husk polymer composites. The international conference on materials science, mechanical and automotive engineering and technology, Nevşehir/Türkiye.
- Zhang, X., Shen, J., Yang, H., Lin, Z., and Tan, S., 2011. Mechanical properties, morphology, thermal performance, crystallization behavior, and kinetics of PP/microcrystal cellulose composites compatibilized by two different compatibilizers, J. Thermoplastic Compos. Mater. 24(6), 735-753. https://doi.org/10.1177/0892705711403527
- https://arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr, (24.10.2023)
Polipropilen/Haşhaş Sapı (Papaver Somniferum) Polimer Kompozitinin Fiziksel Özelliklerine MAPP’nin Etkisi
Abstract
Bu çalışmada; NAFILean-PF2 555 (%20 kenevir katkılı PP) ticari ismi ile üretilen polipropilene (PP), %20 oranında haşhaş sapları (HH) katılarak bir polimer kompoziti üretilmiştir. Polipropilen ve haşhaş sapları arasındaki arayüzey yapışmasını sağlamak için uyumlaştırıcı olarak maleik anhidrit aşılı polipropilen (MAPP), %5-10 ve 15 oranlarında katılarak çift vidalı ekstruderde karıştırılmış ve granül haline getirilmiştir. Ekstrüzyon makinesinde elde edilen granüller kurutulmuş ve enjeksiyon makinesinde standartlara uygun olacak şekilde test numuneleri basılmıştır. Elde edilen polimer kompozitinin fiziksel özelliklerinin belirlenmesi için yoğunluk, erime akış indeksi, nem emme miktarı, vicat yumuşama sıcaklığı ve ısıl çarpılma sıcaklığı (HDT) testleri yapılmıştır. Ayrıca kenevir ve haşhaş saplarının matris içerisindeki dağılımları taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ile belirlenmiştir. Analizler sonucunda %20 kenevir katkılı PP (NAFILean-PF2 555) içerisinde haşhaş ve MAPP ilavesiyle; yoğunluk, erime akış indeksi, nem emme miktarı, vicat yumuşama sıcaklığı ve ısıl çarpılma sıcaklığı değerlerinin nasıl değiştiği belirlenmiştir. SEM inceleme sonucu kenevir ve haşhaş partiküllerinin homojen olarak dağıldığı belirlenmiştir.
Ethical Statement
etik kurulu beyanına gerek yoktur
References
- Alam, M.M., Ahmed, T., Haaque, M.M., Gafur, M.A., and Kabir, A.H., 2009. Mechanical properties of natural fiber containing polymer composites, Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 48(1) , 110-113. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1458547
- Aka, A., Tekerek, A.Y., Güler, G., and Taşdemir, M., 2019. High density polyethylene/uncarbonized and carbonized waste corn husk polymer composites: physical and wear behaviors. 35th International conference of the polymer processing society, İzmir/Türkiye.
- Andrzejewski, J., Barczewski, M., and Szostak, M., 2019. Injection molding of highly filled polypropylene-based biocomposites. Buckwheat husk and wood flour filler: A comparison of agricultural and wood industry waste utilization, Polymers, 11(11), 1881. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11111881
- Aslan, Y., Albrechtsen, Y., and Taşdemir, M., 2022. The Effect of foaming on mechanical and morphological properties of polypropylene, Bitlis Eren University Journal of Science, 11(3), 784-790. https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1097813
- Banat, R., 2019. Olive pomace flour as potential organic filler in composite materials: A brief review. American Journal of Polymer Science, 9 (1), 10-15. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.ajps.20190901.02
- Bhoopathi, R., Ramesh, M., and Deepa, C., 2014. Fabrication and property evaluation of banana hemp-glass fiber reinforced composites, Procedia Eng., 97, 2032–2041. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.12.446
- Gümüş, B.E., Yağcı, Ö., Erdogan, C.D., and Taşdemir, M., 2019. Dynamical mechanical properties of polypropylene composites filled with olive pit particles, Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 47(4). https://doi.org/10.1520/JTE20180198
- Gümüş, B.E, Yağcı, Ö., and Taşdemir, M., 2022. High-density polyethylene/artichoke leaf powder polymer composites: dynamic mechanical, morphological and thermal properties, Iranian Polymer Journal, 31, 787-797. https://doi.org 0.1007/s13726-022-01031-1
- Huda, M.S., Drzal, L.T., Mohanty, A.K., and Misra, M., 2008. Effect of fiber surface treatments on the properties of laminated biocomposites from PLA and kenaf fiber, Composites Science and Technology, 68, 424-432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2007.06.022
- Keskin, H., Küçüktüvek, M., and Guru, M., 2015. The potential of poppy (papaver somniferum linnaeus) husk for manufacturing wood-based particleboards, Construction and Bulding Materials, 95, 224-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.160
- Korkmaz, B., Özhan, A., Peksanlı, A., Tepeyurt,. GN., and Taşdemir, M., 2018. Investigation on phsical and mechanical properties of high density polyethylene/artichoke leaf powder polymer composites. International conferance on physical chemisry and functional materials, Fırat University, Elazığ-Türkiye, 136-140.
- Kusumaningrum, W.B., and Munuwar, S.S. 2018. Heat deflection temperature (HDT) of polypropylene composite reinforced cellulose microfibrils of oil palm empty fruit bunch and frond, Wood Research Journal, 9(1), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.51850/wrj.2018.9.1.8-14
- Mathur, N.M., Bairwa, K.N., and Raj Kumar, R., 2021. A literature review on composite material and scope of sugar cane bagasse. Int. Journal of Industrial Engineering Research Development, 5(4), 125–133.
- Morreale, M., Scaffaro, R., Maio, A., and La Mantia. F.P., 2008. Effect of adding wood flour to the physical properties of biodegradable polymer, Composites Part A, 39, 503-513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2007.12.002
- Samuel, O.D., Agbo, S., and Adekanye, T.A., 2012. Assessing mechanical properties of natural fibre reinforced composites for engineering applications. J. Miner. Mater. Charact. Eng., 11(8), 780–784.
- Sırtıkara, M., Teke, Z., Şahin, K.A., and Taşdemir, M., 2019. Investigation of the effects of carbonized and uncarbonized orange peel powder on the physical properties of polypropylene. The international conference on materials science, mechanical and automotive engineering and technology, Nevşehir/Türkiye.
- Taşdemir, M., and Kaştan, A., 2021. Zeytin çekirdeği tozu ilave edilmiş polipropilen kompozitinin aşınma ve fiziksel özellikleri, BEÜ Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(2) 568-576. https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.876152
- Taşdemir, M., and Şen, E.G., 2022. Atık cam elyaf oranının polipropilen/üzüm sapı-çeltik polimer kompozitinin fiziksel özelliklerine etkisinin incelenmesi, Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(2), 890-898. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1042733
- Tholiya, P., Deshmukh, S.P., 2021. Property evaluation of hemp-bagasse fiber composite-A review, International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology, 6(1), 376-382. https://doi.org/10.33564/IJEAST.2021.v06i01.058
- Ulutaş, E., Taşdemir, M., and Koçak, E.D., 2019. Investigation of physical properties of recycled polypropylene/rice husk polymer composites. The international conference on materials science, mechanical and automotive engineering and technology, Nevşehir/Türkiye.
- Zhang, X., Shen, J., Yang, H., Lin, Z., and Tan, S., 2011. Mechanical properties, morphology, thermal performance, crystallization behavior, and kinetics of PP/microcrystal cellulose composites compatibilized by two different compatibilizers, J. Thermoplastic Compos. Mater. 24(6), 735-753. https://doi.org/10.1177/0892705711403527
- https://arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr, (24.10.2023)
There are 22 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Composite and Hybrid Materials |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | April 14, 2024 |
| Publication Date | April 29, 2024 |
| Submission Date | October 26, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | March 7, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 Volume: 24 Issue: 2 |
