Research Article
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Year 2023, Volume: 70 Issue: 4, 419 - 426, 29.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.1096306

Abstract

References

  • Abdel-Daim MM, Abo El-Ela FI, Alshahrani FK, et al (2020): Protective effects of thymoquinone against acrylamide-induced liver, kidney and brain oxidative damage in rats. Environ SciPollut Res, 27, 37709-37717.
  • Abdel-Daim MM, Ghazy EW (2015): Effects of Nigella sativa oil and ascorbic acid against oxytetracycline-induced hepato-renal toxicity in rabbits. Iran J Basic Med Sci, 18, 221-227.
  • Abdel-Wahab WM (2014): Thymoquinone attenuates toxicity and oxidative stress induced by bisphenol A in liver of male rats. Pak J Biol Sci, 17, 1152-1160.
  • Abduallah AM, Rashed AA, Gamaleldeen AK, et al (2017): The effect of nigella sativa extract (thymoquinone) on glucose insulin levels and body weight of induced diabetic female rats. Am J Life Sci, 5, 52-56.
  • Al-Qahtani F, Arafah M, Sharma B, et al (2017): Effects of alpha lipoic acid on acrylamide-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Cell Mol Biol, 63, 1-6.
  • Ali BH, Blunden G (2003): Pharmacological and toxicological properties of Nigella sativa. Phytother Res, 17, 299-305.
  • Ates MB, Ortatatli M, Oguz H, et al (2022): The ameliorative effects of Nigella sativa, thymoquinone, and bentonite against aflatoxicosis in broilers via AFAR and Nrf2 signalling pathways, and down-regulation of caspase-3. Br Poult Sci, 1-8.
  • Battin EE, Brumaghim JL (2009): Antioxidant activity of sulfur and selenium: a review of reactive oxygen species scavenging, glutathione peroxidase, and metal-binding antioxidant mechanisms. Cell Biochem. Biophys, 55, 1-23.
  • Belhadj Benziane A, Dilmi Bouras A, Mezaini A, et al (2019): Effect of oral exposure to acrylamide on biochemical and hematologic parameters in Wistar rats. Drug Chem Toxicol, 42, 157-166.
  • Besaratinia A, Pfeifer GP (2007): A review of mechanisms of acrylamide carcinogenicity. Carcinogenesis, 28, 519-528.
  • Beutler E (1963): Improved method for the determination of blood glutathione. J Lab Clin Med, 61, 882-888.
  • Bin-Jumah MN, Al-Huqail AA, Abdelnaeim N, et al (2021): Potential protective effects of Spirulina platensis on liver, kidney, and brain acrylamide toxicity in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res, 28, 26653-26663.
  • Civelek T, Sevinc M, Boydak M, et al (2006): Serum apolipoprotein B100 concentrations in dairy cows with left sided displaced abomasum. Rev Med Vet, 157, 361.
  • Ding H, Peng R, Reed E, et al (2003): Effects of Kupffer cell inhibition on liver function and hepatocellular activity in mice. Int J Mol Med, 12, 549-557.
  • Dixit R, Mukhtar H, Seth PK, et al (1981): Conjugation of acrylamide with glutathione catalysed by glutathione-s-transferases of rat liver and brain. Biochem Pharmacol, 30, 1739-1744.
  • El-Dakhakhny M, Madi NJ, Lembert N, et al (2002): Nigella sativa oil, nigellone and derived thymoquinone inhibit synthesis of 5-lipoxygenase products in polymorphonuclear leukocytes from rats. J Ethnopharmacol, 81, 161-164.
  • Erfan OS, Sonpol HMA, Abd El-kader M (2021): Protective effect of rapamycin against acrylamide-induced hepatotoxicity: The associations between autophagy, apoptosis, and necroptosis. Anat Rec, 304, 1984-1998.
  • Farinelli E, Giampaoli D, Cenciarini A, et al (2015): Valproic acid and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A possible association? World J Hepatol, 7, 1251-1257.
  • Ghanayem BI, Witt KL, Kissling GE, et al (2005): Absence of acrylamide-induced genotoxicity in CYP2E1-null mice: evidence consistent with a glycidamide-mediated effect. Mutat Res, 578, 284-297.
  • Guo J, Cao X, Hu X, et al (2020): The anti-apoptotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin on acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity in rats. BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology, 21, 62.
  • Hamza RZ, Abd El-Azez AM, Hussien NA (2015): Evaluation of the antioxidant potential for different extracts of Al-taif pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) induced by atrazine and malathion pesticides in liver of male albino mice. Int J Pharm Sci Res, 7, 89-94.
  • Heindel JJ, Blumberg B, Cave M, et al (2017): Metabolism disrupting chemicals and metabolic disorders. Reprod Toxicol, 68, 3-33.
  • IARC (1994): Some industrial chemicals. International Agency for Research on Cancer. "Some Industrial Chemicals." Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans 60 (1994). Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans, 60.
  • Ibrahim MA, Ibrahem MD (2019): Acrylamid-induced hematotoxicity, oxidative stress, and DNA damage in liver, kidney, and brain of catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Environ Toxicol, 35, 300-308.
  • Jakubczyk K, Dec K, Kałduńska J, et al (2020): Reactive oxygen species-sources, functions, oxidative damage. Pol Merkur Lekarski, 48, 124-127.
  • Karimi Z, Mirza Alizadeh A, Ezzati Nazhad Dolatabadi J, et al (2019): Nigella sativaand its Derivatives as Food Toxicity Protectant Agents. Adv Pharm Bull, 9, 22-37.
  • Khither H, Sobhi W, Mosbah A, et al (2018): Prophylactic and curative effects of thymoquinone against CCL4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Eur J Med Chem, 1-8.
  • Kneeman JM, Misdraji J, Corey KE (2011): Secondary causes of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Therap Adv Gastroenterol, 5, 199-207.
  • Kunnel SG, Subramanya S, Satapathy P, et al (2019): Acrylamide Induced Toxicity and the Propensity of Phytochemicals in Amelioration: A Review. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem, 19, 100-113.
  • Lacour S, Gautier JC, Pallardy M, et al (2005): Cytokines as potential biomarkers of liver toxicity. Cancer Biomark, 1, 29-39.
  • López-Riera M, Conde I, Tolosa L, et al (2017): New microRNA Biomarkers for Drug-Induced Steatosis and Their Potential to Predict the Contribution of Drugs to Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Pharmacol, 8, 22-36.
  • Luo YS, Long TY, Shen LC, et al (2015): Synthesis, characterization and analysis of the acrylamide- and glycidamide-glutathione conjugates. Chem Biol Interact, 237, 38-46.
  • Mohamed Sadek K (2012): Antioxidant and immunostimulant effect of carica papaya linn. Aqueous extract in acrylamide intoxicated rats. Acta Inform Med, 20, 180-185.
  • Mojska H, Gielecińska I, Cendrowski A (2016): Acrylamide content in cigarette mainstream smoke and estimation of exposure to acrylamide from tobacco smoke in Poland. Ann Agric Environ Med, 23, 456-461.
  • Nishikimi M, Appaji Rao N, Yagi K (1972): The occurrence of superoxide anion in the reaction of reduced phenazine methosulfate and molecular oxygen. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 46, 849-854.
  • Ohkawa H, Ohishi N, Yagi K (1979): Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Anal Biochem, 95, 351-358.
  • Pyo MC, Shin HS, Jeon GY, et al (2020): Synergistic interaction of ochratoxin A and acrylamide toxins in human kidney and liver cells. Biol Pharm Bull, 43, 1346-1355.
  • Rifai L, Saleh FA (2020): A Review on Acrylamide in Food: Occurrence, Toxicity, and Mitigation Strategies. Int J Toxicol, 39, 93-102.
  • Salimi A, Hashemidanesh N, Seydi E, et al (2021): Restoration and stabilization of acrylamide-induced DNA, mitochondrial damages and oxidative stress by chrysin in human lymphocyte. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol, 17, 857-865.
  • Santhanasabapathy R, Vasudevan S, Anupriya K, et al (2015): Farnesol quells oxidative stress, reactive gliosis and inflammation during acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity: Behavioral and biochemical evidence. Neuroscience, 308, 212-227.
  • Settels E, Bernauer U, Palavinskas R, et al (2008): Human CYP2E1 mediates the formation of glycidamide from acrylamide. Arch Toxicol, 82, 717-727.
  • Suzuki N, Sawada K, Takahashi I, et al (2020): Association between polyunsaturated fatty acid and reactive oxygen species production of neutrophils in the general population. Nutrients, 12, 3222.
  • Tabeshpour J, Mehri S, Abnous K, et al (2020): Role of Oxidative Stress, MAPKinase and Apoptosis Pathways in the Protective Effects of Thymoquinone Against Acrylamide-Induced Central Nervous System Toxicity in Rat. Neurochem Res, 45, 254-267.
  • Thielen S, Baum M, Hoffmann M, et al (2006): Genotoxicity of glycidamide in comparison to (±)-anti-benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide and α-acetoxy-N-nitroso-diethanolamine in human blood and in mammalian V79-cells. Mol Nutr Food Res, 50, 430-436.
  • Tyl RW, Friedman MA (2003): Effects of acrylamide on rodent reproductive performance. Reprod Toxicol, 17, 1-13.
  • Vattem DA, Shetty K (2003): Acrylamide in food: a model for mechanism of formation and its reduction. Innov Food Sci Emerg Technol, 4, 331-338.
  • Yousuf S, Atif F, Sayeed I, et al (2013): Post-stroke infections exacerbate ischemic brain injury in middle-aged rats: immunomodulation and neuroprotection by progesterone. Neuroscience, 239, 92-102.
  • Zielińska M, Dereń K, Polak-Szczybyło E, et al (2021): The Role of Bioactive Compounds of Nigella sativa in Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy-Current Reports. Nutrients, 13, 3369.

Hepatoprotective effects of Nigella Sativa oil against acrylamide-induced liver injury in rats

Year 2023, Volume: 70 Issue: 4, 419 - 426, 29.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.1096306

Abstract

Acrylamide (AA) is a heat-induced carcinogen founds in some foods due to cooking or other thermal processes. This study was designed to investigate the possible protective efficacy of Nigella sativa essential oil against acrylamide-induced liver toxicity. Four groups of 32 male Wistar albino rats were formed. The control group was fed ad libitum. Acrylamide was administered to the rats in Group AA at a daily dose of 40 mg/kg by gavage. Nigella sativa essential oil was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 10mg/kg to the rats in Group NS. In Group AA+NS, daily applications of acrylamide and Nigella sativa essential oil were applied simultaneously as mentioned above. The trial period lasted 15 days. While acrylamide statistically increased MDA levels in liver tissue (P<0.05), (146.13 %) and decreased GSH and SOD activity statistically (P<0.05), (55.28% and 40.46%). In addition, liver proinflammatory cytokine levels increased due to acrylamide administration (P<0.05), [TNF-α (78.17%), IL-6 (76.08%)], anti-inflammatory cytokine levels (P<0.05), [IL-10 (61.16%)] decreased. Co-administration of Nigella sativa essential oil with acrylamide significantly reduced oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in liver tissues (P<0.05). In conclusion, our findings highlighted the potential therapeutic role of Nigella sativa essential oil in preventing acrylamide-induced hepatotoxicity.

Ethical Statement

This study was approved by the Selçuk University Experimental Medicine Research and Application Center Ethics Committee (2020-29).

References

  • Abdel-Daim MM, Abo El-Ela FI, Alshahrani FK, et al (2020): Protective effects of thymoquinone against acrylamide-induced liver, kidney and brain oxidative damage in rats. Environ SciPollut Res, 27, 37709-37717.
  • Abdel-Daim MM, Ghazy EW (2015): Effects of Nigella sativa oil and ascorbic acid against oxytetracycline-induced hepato-renal toxicity in rabbits. Iran J Basic Med Sci, 18, 221-227.
  • Abdel-Wahab WM (2014): Thymoquinone attenuates toxicity and oxidative stress induced by bisphenol A in liver of male rats. Pak J Biol Sci, 17, 1152-1160.
  • Abduallah AM, Rashed AA, Gamaleldeen AK, et al (2017): The effect of nigella sativa extract (thymoquinone) on glucose insulin levels and body weight of induced diabetic female rats. Am J Life Sci, 5, 52-56.
  • Al-Qahtani F, Arafah M, Sharma B, et al (2017): Effects of alpha lipoic acid on acrylamide-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Cell Mol Biol, 63, 1-6.
  • Ali BH, Blunden G (2003): Pharmacological and toxicological properties of Nigella sativa. Phytother Res, 17, 299-305.
  • Ates MB, Ortatatli M, Oguz H, et al (2022): The ameliorative effects of Nigella sativa, thymoquinone, and bentonite against aflatoxicosis in broilers via AFAR and Nrf2 signalling pathways, and down-regulation of caspase-3. Br Poult Sci, 1-8.
  • Battin EE, Brumaghim JL (2009): Antioxidant activity of sulfur and selenium: a review of reactive oxygen species scavenging, glutathione peroxidase, and metal-binding antioxidant mechanisms. Cell Biochem. Biophys, 55, 1-23.
  • Belhadj Benziane A, Dilmi Bouras A, Mezaini A, et al (2019): Effect of oral exposure to acrylamide on biochemical and hematologic parameters in Wistar rats. Drug Chem Toxicol, 42, 157-166.
  • Besaratinia A, Pfeifer GP (2007): A review of mechanisms of acrylamide carcinogenicity. Carcinogenesis, 28, 519-528.
  • Beutler E (1963): Improved method for the determination of blood glutathione. J Lab Clin Med, 61, 882-888.
  • Bin-Jumah MN, Al-Huqail AA, Abdelnaeim N, et al (2021): Potential protective effects of Spirulina platensis on liver, kidney, and brain acrylamide toxicity in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res, 28, 26653-26663.
  • Civelek T, Sevinc M, Boydak M, et al (2006): Serum apolipoprotein B100 concentrations in dairy cows with left sided displaced abomasum. Rev Med Vet, 157, 361.
  • Ding H, Peng R, Reed E, et al (2003): Effects of Kupffer cell inhibition on liver function and hepatocellular activity in mice. Int J Mol Med, 12, 549-557.
  • Dixit R, Mukhtar H, Seth PK, et al (1981): Conjugation of acrylamide with glutathione catalysed by glutathione-s-transferases of rat liver and brain. Biochem Pharmacol, 30, 1739-1744.
  • El-Dakhakhny M, Madi NJ, Lembert N, et al (2002): Nigella sativa oil, nigellone and derived thymoquinone inhibit synthesis of 5-lipoxygenase products in polymorphonuclear leukocytes from rats. J Ethnopharmacol, 81, 161-164.
  • Erfan OS, Sonpol HMA, Abd El-kader M (2021): Protective effect of rapamycin against acrylamide-induced hepatotoxicity: The associations between autophagy, apoptosis, and necroptosis. Anat Rec, 304, 1984-1998.
  • Farinelli E, Giampaoli D, Cenciarini A, et al (2015): Valproic acid and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A possible association? World J Hepatol, 7, 1251-1257.
  • Ghanayem BI, Witt KL, Kissling GE, et al (2005): Absence of acrylamide-induced genotoxicity in CYP2E1-null mice: evidence consistent with a glycidamide-mediated effect. Mutat Res, 578, 284-297.
  • Guo J, Cao X, Hu X, et al (2020): The anti-apoptotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin on acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity in rats. BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology, 21, 62.
  • Hamza RZ, Abd El-Azez AM, Hussien NA (2015): Evaluation of the antioxidant potential for different extracts of Al-taif pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) induced by atrazine and malathion pesticides in liver of male albino mice. Int J Pharm Sci Res, 7, 89-94.
  • Heindel JJ, Blumberg B, Cave M, et al (2017): Metabolism disrupting chemicals and metabolic disorders. Reprod Toxicol, 68, 3-33.
  • IARC (1994): Some industrial chemicals. International Agency for Research on Cancer. "Some Industrial Chemicals." Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans 60 (1994). Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans, 60.
  • Ibrahim MA, Ibrahem MD (2019): Acrylamid-induced hematotoxicity, oxidative stress, and DNA damage in liver, kidney, and brain of catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Environ Toxicol, 35, 300-308.
  • Jakubczyk K, Dec K, Kałduńska J, et al (2020): Reactive oxygen species-sources, functions, oxidative damage. Pol Merkur Lekarski, 48, 124-127.
  • Karimi Z, Mirza Alizadeh A, Ezzati Nazhad Dolatabadi J, et al (2019): Nigella sativaand its Derivatives as Food Toxicity Protectant Agents. Adv Pharm Bull, 9, 22-37.
  • Khither H, Sobhi W, Mosbah A, et al (2018): Prophylactic and curative effects of thymoquinone against CCL4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Eur J Med Chem, 1-8.
  • Kneeman JM, Misdraji J, Corey KE (2011): Secondary causes of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Therap Adv Gastroenterol, 5, 199-207.
  • Kunnel SG, Subramanya S, Satapathy P, et al (2019): Acrylamide Induced Toxicity and the Propensity of Phytochemicals in Amelioration: A Review. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem, 19, 100-113.
  • Lacour S, Gautier JC, Pallardy M, et al (2005): Cytokines as potential biomarkers of liver toxicity. Cancer Biomark, 1, 29-39.
  • López-Riera M, Conde I, Tolosa L, et al (2017): New microRNA Biomarkers for Drug-Induced Steatosis and Their Potential to Predict the Contribution of Drugs to Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Pharmacol, 8, 22-36.
  • Luo YS, Long TY, Shen LC, et al (2015): Synthesis, characterization and analysis of the acrylamide- and glycidamide-glutathione conjugates. Chem Biol Interact, 237, 38-46.
  • Mohamed Sadek K (2012): Antioxidant and immunostimulant effect of carica papaya linn. Aqueous extract in acrylamide intoxicated rats. Acta Inform Med, 20, 180-185.
  • Mojska H, Gielecińska I, Cendrowski A (2016): Acrylamide content in cigarette mainstream smoke and estimation of exposure to acrylamide from tobacco smoke in Poland. Ann Agric Environ Med, 23, 456-461.
  • Nishikimi M, Appaji Rao N, Yagi K (1972): The occurrence of superoxide anion in the reaction of reduced phenazine methosulfate and molecular oxygen. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 46, 849-854.
  • Ohkawa H, Ohishi N, Yagi K (1979): Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Anal Biochem, 95, 351-358.
  • Pyo MC, Shin HS, Jeon GY, et al (2020): Synergistic interaction of ochratoxin A and acrylamide toxins in human kidney and liver cells. Biol Pharm Bull, 43, 1346-1355.
  • Rifai L, Saleh FA (2020): A Review on Acrylamide in Food: Occurrence, Toxicity, and Mitigation Strategies. Int J Toxicol, 39, 93-102.
  • Salimi A, Hashemidanesh N, Seydi E, et al (2021): Restoration and stabilization of acrylamide-induced DNA, mitochondrial damages and oxidative stress by chrysin in human lymphocyte. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol, 17, 857-865.
  • Santhanasabapathy R, Vasudevan S, Anupriya K, et al (2015): Farnesol quells oxidative stress, reactive gliosis and inflammation during acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity: Behavioral and biochemical evidence. Neuroscience, 308, 212-227.
  • Settels E, Bernauer U, Palavinskas R, et al (2008): Human CYP2E1 mediates the formation of glycidamide from acrylamide. Arch Toxicol, 82, 717-727.
  • Suzuki N, Sawada K, Takahashi I, et al (2020): Association between polyunsaturated fatty acid and reactive oxygen species production of neutrophils in the general population. Nutrients, 12, 3222.
  • Tabeshpour J, Mehri S, Abnous K, et al (2020): Role of Oxidative Stress, MAPKinase and Apoptosis Pathways in the Protective Effects of Thymoquinone Against Acrylamide-Induced Central Nervous System Toxicity in Rat. Neurochem Res, 45, 254-267.
  • Thielen S, Baum M, Hoffmann M, et al (2006): Genotoxicity of glycidamide in comparison to (±)-anti-benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide and α-acetoxy-N-nitroso-diethanolamine in human blood and in mammalian V79-cells. Mol Nutr Food Res, 50, 430-436.
  • Tyl RW, Friedman MA (2003): Effects of acrylamide on rodent reproductive performance. Reprod Toxicol, 17, 1-13.
  • Vattem DA, Shetty K (2003): Acrylamide in food: a model for mechanism of formation and its reduction. Innov Food Sci Emerg Technol, 4, 331-338.
  • Yousuf S, Atif F, Sayeed I, et al (2013): Post-stroke infections exacerbate ischemic brain injury in middle-aged rats: immunomodulation and neuroprotection by progesterone. Neuroscience, 239, 92-102.
  • Zielińska M, Dereń K, Polak-Szczybyło E, et al (2021): The Role of Bioactive Compounds of Nigella sativa in Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy-Current Reports. Nutrients, 13, 3369.
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology, Veterinary Histology and Embryology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Durmuş Hatipoğlu 0000-0003-3790-7821

Mehmet Özsan 0000-0001-9546-3478

Hasan Hüseyin Dönmez 0000-0003-4664-8489

Nurcan Dönmez 0000-0003-4271-598X

Publication Date September 29, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023Volume: 70 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Hatipoğlu, D., Özsan, M., Dönmez, H. H., Dönmez, N. (2023). Hepatoprotective effects of Nigella Sativa oil against acrylamide-induced liver injury in rats. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 70(4), 419-426. https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.1096306
AMA Hatipoğlu D, Özsan M, Dönmez HH, Dönmez N. Hepatoprotective effects of Nigella Sativa oil against acrylamide-induced liver injury in rats. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. September 2023;70(4):419-426. doi:10.33988/auvfd.1096306
Chicago Hatipoğlu, Durmuş, Mehmet Özsan, Hasan Hüseyin Dönmez, and Nurcan Dönmez. “Hepatoprotective Effects of Nigella Sativa Oil Against Acrylamide-Induced Liver Injury in Rats”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 70, no. 4 (September 2023): 419-26. https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.1096306.
EndNote Hatipoğlu D, Özsan M, Dönmez HH, Dönmez N (September 1, 2023) Hepatoprotective effects of Nigella Sativa oil against acrylamide-induced liver injury in rats. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 70 4 419–426.
IEEE D. Hatipoğlu, M. Özsan, H. H. Dönmez, and N. Dönmez, “Hepatoprotective effects of Nigella Sativa oil against acrylamide-induced liver injury in rats”, Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, vol. 70, no. 4, pp. 419–426, 2023, doi: 10.33988/auvfd.1096306.
ISNAD Hatipoğlu, Durmuş et al. “Hepatoprotective Effects of Nigella Sativa Oil Against Acrylamide-Induced Liver Injury in Rats”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 70/4 (September 2023), 419-426. https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.1096306.
JAMA Hatipoğlu D, Özsan M, Dönmez HH, Dönmez N. Hepatoprotective effects of Nigella Sativa oil against acrylamide-induced liver injury in rats. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2023;70:419–426.
MLA Hatipoğlu, Durmuş et al. “Hepatoprotective Effects of Nigella Sativa Oil Against Acrylamide-Induced Liver Injury in Rats”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 70, no. 4, 2023, pp. 419-26, doi:10.33988/auvfd.1096306.
Vancouver Hatipoğlu D, Özsan M, Dönmez HH, Dönmez N. Hepatoprotective effects of Nigella Sativa oil against acrylamide-induced liver injury in rats. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2023;70(4):419-26.