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Hodan Otunun Faydaları ve Mutfakta Kullanımı

Year 2019, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 101 - 117, 27.07.2019

Abstract

Hodan (Borago
officinalis
), hodangiller (Boraginaceae)
familyasından bir yıllık bitki türüdür. Anavatanının Anadolu ve Suriye olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Güney Amerika, Kuzey Afrika ve Anadolu'da yayılış yapmasına karşın Akdeniz çevresinde
doğallaşmıştır. İngilizce’de ‘’borage, starflower’’  adında yabani bir bitki olarak tanınır. Bazı
yerlerde süs bitkisi olarak büyütülürken, mavi ve pembe çiçekleri ile
tarlalarda ve yol kenarlarında kendiliğinden de yetişir. Halk arasında bölgelere
göre ‘‘odan, ıspıt, zılbıt, zirbit, zılbırık, kaldırık, kaldirik, kalındirek,
burğı, mancar, zembil çiçeği ve sığırdili’’ gibi isimler de verilmektedir. Hodan
tohumlarının yağı, çiçekleri, sapı ve yapraklar tıbbi ve mutfak amaçlı
kullanılmaktadır. Genellikle tohumları ticari amaçlı kullanılır. Mayıs’tan
Eylül’e kadar yaprakları ve çiçekleri toplanarak yenebilir. Yapraklarının salatalığa
benzer bir tadı vardır. Körpe yaprakları salata, peynir ve diğer bazı
yiyeceklere katılır ve kurutularak çayı da yapılır. Çeşitli yörelerde, Türk
mutfaklarında hodanın yumurtalı kavurması, sarması, turşusu, mücveri ve pidesi
yapılmaktadır.
Hodanın
antipiretik, afrodizyak, antispazmodik, yatıştırıcı, antihipertansif, anksiyolitik
ve diüretik etkilere sahip olduğu bildirilmiştir.
Ayrıca hodan ürünleri bronşit,
çarpıntı, kramp ve ishal tedavisinde kullanılır. Bu bitki aynı zamanda premenstrüel
sendrom, multipl skleroz, romatoid artrit, astım gibi hastalıkların tedavisinde
de faydalı olarak kabul edilmektedir. Günümüzde doğal ürünlere olan ilginin
artması ile oldukça rağbet görmektedir. 

References

  • Akkuş, İ. (1995). Serbest Radikaller Ve Fizyopatolojik Etkileri. Mimoza Yayınları, Konya.
  • Al-Khamees. W.A., Schwartz, M.D., Alrashdi, S., Algren, A.D., Morgan, B.W. (2011). Status epilepticus associated with borage oil ingestion. Journal of Medical Toxicology, 7:154-157.
  • Anonim (2019a). All About Borage. https://permaculturenews.org/2011/01/21/all-about-borage. Erişim Tarihi:06.05.2019.
  • Anonim (20119b). 6 Floral Cocktail Recipes You’ll Love This Summer. https://www.interflora.co.uk/blog/floral-cocktails-for-summer/ . Erişim Tarihi:06.05.2019.
  • Anonim (2019c). Blackberry Borage Fool. https://www.epicurious.com/recipes/food/views/blackberry-borage-fool-51176200. Erişim Tarihi:06.05.2019.
  • Anonim (2019d). Italian cooking. https://tr.pinterest.com/lavandablu/italian-cooking/. Erişim Tarihi:06.05.2019.
  • Anonim (2019e). Edible flowers for food and drink. www.raiseyourgarden.com/home/edible-flowers-for-food-and-drink. Erişim Tarihi:06.05.2019.
  • Asadi-Samani, M., Bahmani, M., & Rafieian-K.opaei, M. (2014). The chemical composition, botanical characteristic and biological activities of Borago officinalis: a review. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 7,S22-S28. DOI:10.1016/S1995-7645(14)60199-1
  • Barre, D. (2001). Potential of evening primrose, borage, black currant, and fungal oils in human health. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 45:47–57. doi: 10.1159/000046706.
  • Baysal, A. (2002). Beslenme. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yayınları, 9. Baskı, Hatipoğlu Yayınevi, 150-250, Ankara.
  • Bendich, A. (2000). The potential for dietary supplements to reduce premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms. The Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 19:3–12. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2000.10718907.
  • Brosche, T., Platt, D. (2000). Effect of borage oil consumption on fatty acid metabolism, transepidermal water loss and skin parameters in elderly people. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 30(2), 139-150.
  • Colombo, M.L., Assisi, F., Della Puppa, T., Moro, P., Sesana, F.M., Bissoli, M., Borghini, R., Perego, S., Galasso, G., Banfi, E., Davanzo, F. (2010). Most commonly plant exposures and intoxications from outdoor toxic plants. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 2: 417-425.
  • Del-Rio‐Celestino M, Font R, de Haro‐Bailón A. (2008). Distribution of fatty acids in edible organs and seed fractions of borage Borago officinalis L. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 88: 248-255. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.3080.
  • Doğan, A., Gönüllü, G. (2018). Current Debates in Sustainable Architecture, Urban Design & Environmental, London. IJOPEC Publication. ISBN : 978-1-912503—33-9.
  • Edge, R., Mc Garvey, D.J, Truscott, T.G. (1997). The carotenoids as anti-oxidants- a review. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 41, 189-200.
  • El Hafid, R., Blade, S.F., Hoyano, Y. (2002). Seeding date and nitrogen fertilization effects on the performance of borage (Borago officinalis L.). Industrial Crops and Products, 16: 193-199.
  • Gilani A.H., Bashir S., Khan A. (2007). Pharmacological basis for the use of Borago officinalis in gastrointestinal, respiratory and cardiovascular disorders. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 114:393–399. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.08.032.
  • Gonzalez, C.A., Sanz, J.M., Marcos, G., Pıta, S., Brullet, E., Saıgı, E., Badıa, A., Agudo, A., Riboli, E. (1993). Borage consumption as a possible gastric cancer protective factor. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 2: 157–158.
  • Grzeszczuk, M., Stefaniak, A., Pachlowska, A. (2016). Biological value of various edible flower species. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus, 15(2): 109-119.
  • Gupta, M., Singh, S. (2012). Borago officinalis Linn. An important medicinal plant of Mediterranean region: A review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 5: 27-34.
  • Gilani, A. H., Bashir, S., Khan, A. U. (2007). Pharmacological basis for the use of Borago officinalis in gastrointestinal, respiratory and cardiovascular disorders. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 114(3): 393-399.
  • Hassimotto, N. M. A., Genovese, M. I., Lajolo, F. M. (2009). Antioxidant capacity of Brazilian fruit, vegetables and commercially-frozen fruit pulps. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 22(5): 394-396.
  • Krishnaiah D., Sarbatly R., Nithyanandam R. (2011). A review of the antioxidant potential of medicinal plant species. Food and Bioproducts Processing, 89: 217–233.
  • Lentini, F., Venza, F. (2007). Wild food plants of popular use in Sicily. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 3:15. DOİ: doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-3-1.
  • Lozano-Baena, M.D., Tasset, I., Muñoz-Serrano, A., Alonso-Moraga, Á., de Haro-Bailón, A. (2016). Cancer Prevention and Health Benefices of Traditionally Consumed Borago officinalis Plants. Nutrients, 8(1): 48. doi:10.3390/nu8010048.
  • Ress, S. (2013). Borage Bliss. In: Llewellyn's Herbal Almanac, Llewellyn Worldwire Ltd., Woodburry, pp 87-96.
  • Ravindran, P.N. (2017). The Encyclopedia of Herbs and Spices, CAB International (CABI), UK
  • Simmons, S. (2007). A Treasury of Persian Cuisine. 2nd ed. Stamford House Publishing, Hong Kong, China.
  • Sönmez, Ç., Soysal, A. Ö. Ş., Taghiloofar, A. H., Bayram, E., Çoşkunol, H. (2018). Menemen Ekolojik Koşullarında Borago officinalis L.(Hodan) Bitkisinde Farklı Sıra Arası Mesafelerinin Bazı Verim ve Kalite Özelliklerine Etkileri. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 55(1): 75-81.
  • Miceli, A., Francesca, N., Moschetti, G., Settanni, L. (2015). The influence of addition of Borago officinalis with antibacterial activity on the sensory quality of fresh pasta. International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 2(2): 93-97
  • Mhamdi, B., Wannes, W. A., Bourgou, S., Marzouk, B. (2009). Biochemical characterization of borage (Borago officinalis L.) seeds. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 33(3): 331-341.
  • Mhamdi B, Aidi Wannes W, Sriti J, Jellali I, Ksouri R, Marzouk B. (2010). Effect of harvesting time on phenolic compounds and antiradical scavenging activity of Borago officinalis seed extracts. Industrial Crops and Products, 31: 1-4.
  • Pereira, C., Barros, L., Carvalho, A. M., Ferreira, I.C. (2011). Nutritional composition and bioactive properties of commonly consumed wild greens: Potential sources for new trends in modern diets. Food Research International, 44(9): 2634-2640.
  • Pieszak, M., Mikolajczak, P. L., Manikowska, K. (2012). Borage (Borago officinalis L.)-a valuable medicinal plant used in herbal medicine. Herba Polonica, 58(4): 95-103.
  • Tewari, D., Bawari, S., Patni, P., Sah, A. N. (2019). Borage (Borago officinalis L.). In Nonvitamin and Nonmineral Nutritional Supplements. Eds. Nabavi, S.M., Silva,A.S., Academic Press. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-812491-8.00023-0
  • Justesen, U., Knuthsen, P. (2001). Composition of flavonoids in fresh herbs and calculation of flavonoid intake by use of herbs in traditional Danish dishes. Food Chemistry, 73(2): 245-250.
  • Lozano-Baena, M. D., Tasset, I., Muñoz-Serrano, A., Alonso-Moraga, Á., de Haro-Bailón, A. (2016). Cancer prevention and health benefices of traditionally consumed Borago officinalis plants. Nutrients, 8(1): 48. doi:10.3390/nu8010048
  • Nicolau, A. I., Gostin, A. I. (2015). Safety of Edible Flowers. Regulating Safety of Traditional and Ethnic Foods, 23: 395-419
  • USDA (2019). National Nutrient Database. https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/302164?manu=&fgcd=&ds=SR&q=Borage,%20raw Erişim Tarihi:06.05.2019
  • Velasco L, Goffman FD. (1999). Chemotaxonomic significance of fatty acids and tocopherols in Boraginaceae. Phytochemistry, 52: 423-426.
  • Wettasinghe, M., Shahidi, F., Amarowicz, R., Abou-Zaid, M. M. (2001). Phenolic acids in defatted seeds of borage (Borago officinalis L.). Food chemistry, 75(1): 49-56.

BENEFITS OF HODAN AND ITS APPLICATION IN KITCHENS

Year 2019, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 101 - 117, 27.07.2019

Abstract

Borage (Borago
officinalis
) is a perennial plant species from the genus Borobinaceae. It is believed to be the
homeland of Anatolia and Syria. Although it has spread in South America, North
Africa and Anatolia, it has become natural around the Mediterranean.
In English, this plant is known as
‘‘borage, starflower flower’’, a wild plant. It grows as an ornamental plant in
some places and grows spontaneously in the fields and along the roads with its
blue and pink flowers. Among the people, there are also names  ‘’odan, ıspıt, zılbıt, zirbit, zılbırık,
kaldırık, kalındirek, burğı, tamara, mancar, zembil flower ve cattle tongue’’. Oil,
flowers, stalks and leaves of borage  are
used for medical and culinary purposes. Usually seeds are used for commercial
purposes. From May to October by collecting leaves and flowers can be eaten.
Its leaves have a taste similar to cucumber. The leaves can be added the salad,
cheese and some other foods and the tea is made by drying the plant. In various
regions, in Turkish cuisine, roasted with egg, pickled, mücver and pita are
made with borage. It has been reported that the borage has antipyretic,
aphrodisiac, antispasmodic, sedative, antihypertensive, anxiolytic and diuretic
effects. Also borage products are used to treat bronchitis, palpitations,
cramps and diarrhea. This plant is also considered useful in the treatment of
premenstrual pain, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and asthma. Today,
with the increase in interest in natural products, the borage is very popular
herb.

References

  • Akkuş, İ. (1995). Serbest Radikaller Ve Fizyopatolojik Etkileri. Mimoza Yayınları, Konya.
  • Al-Khamees. W.A., Schwartz, M.D., Alrashdi, S., Algren, A.D., Morgan, B.W. (2011). Status epilepticus associated with borage oil ingestion. Journal of Medical Toxicology, 7:154-157.
  • Anonim (2019a). All About Borage. https://permaculturenews.org/2011/01/21/all-about-borage. Erişim Tarihi:06.05.2019.
  • Anonim (20119b). 6 Floral Cocktail Recipes You’ll Love This Summer. https://www.interflora.co.uk/blog/floral-cocktails-for-summer/ . Erişim Tarihi:06.05.2019.
  • Anonim (2019c). Blackberry Borage Fool. https://www.epicurious.com/recipes/food/views/blackberry-borage-fool-51176200. Erişim Tarihi:06.05.2019.
  • Anonim (2019d). Italian cooking. https://tr.pinterest.com/lavandablu/italian-cooking/. Erişim Tarihi:06.05.2019.
  • Anonim (2019e). Edible flowers for food and drink. www.raiseyourgarden.com/home/edible-flowers-for-food-and-drink. Erişim Tarihi:06.05.2019.
  • Asadi-Samani, M., Bahmani, M., & Rafieian-K.opaei, M. (2014). The chemical composition, botanical characteristic and biological activities of Borago officinalis: a review. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 7,S22-S28. DOI:10.1016/S1995-7645(14)60199-1
  • Barre, D. (2001). Potential of evening primrose, borage, black currant, and fungal oils in human health. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 45:47–57. doi: 10.1159/000046706.
  • Baysal, A. (2002). Beslenme. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yayınları, 9. Baskı, Hatipoğlu Yayınevi, 150-250, Ankara.
  • Bendich, A. (2000). The potential for dietary supplements to reduce premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms. The Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 19:3–12. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2000.10718907.
  • Brosche, T., Platt, D. (2000). Effect of borage oil consumption on fatty acid metabolism, transepidermal water loss and skin parameters in elderly people. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 30(2), 139-150.
  • Colombo, M.L., Assisi, F., Della Puppa, T., Moro, P., Sesana, F.M., Bissoli, M., Borghini, R., Perego, S., Galasso, G., Banfi, E., Davanzo, F. (2010). Most commonly plant exposures and intoxications from outdoor toxic plants. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 2: 417-425.
  • Del-Rio‐Celestino M, Font R, de Haro‐Bailón A. (2008). Distribution of fatty acids in edible organs and seed fractions of borage Borago officinalis L. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 88: 248-255. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.3080.
  • Doğan, A., Gönüllü, G. (2018). Current Debates in Sustainable Architecture, Urban Design & Environmental, London. IJOPEC Publication. ISBN : 978-1-912503—33-9.
  • Edge, R., Mc Garvey, D.J, Truscott, T.G. (1997). The carotenoids as anti-oxidants- a review. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 41, 189-200.
  • El Hafid, R., Blade, S.F., Hoyano, Y. (2002). Seeding date and nitrogen fertilization effects on the performance of borage (Borago officinalis L.). Industrial Crops and Products, 16: 193-199.
  • Gilani A.H., Bashir S., Khan A. (2007). Pharmacological basis for the use of Borago officinalis in gastrointestinal, respiratory and cardiovascular disorders. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 114:393–399. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.08.032.
  • Gonzalez, C.A., Sanz, J.M., Marcos, G., Pıta, S., Brullet, E., Saıgı, E., Badıa, A., Agudo, A., Riboli, E. (1993). Borage consumption as a possible gastric cancer protective factor. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 2: 157–158.
  • Grzeszczuk, M., Stefaniak, A., Pachlowska, A. (2016). Biological value of various edible flower species. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus, 15(2): 109-119.
  • Gupta, M., Singh, S. (2012). Borago officinalis Linn. An important medicinal plant of Mediterranean region: A review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 5: 27-34.
  • Gilani, A. H., Bashir, S., Khan, A. U. (2007). Pharmacological basis for the use of Borago officinalis in gastrointestinal, respiratory and cardiovascular disorders. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 114(3): 393-399.
  • Hassimotto, N. M. A., Genovese, M. I., Lajolo, F. M. (2009). Antioxidant capacity of Brazilian fruit, vegetables and commercially-frozen fruit pulps. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 22(5): 394-396.
  • Krishnaiah D., Sarbatly R., Nithyanandam R. (2011). A review of the antioxidant potential of medicinal plant species. Food and Bioproducts Processing, 89: 217–233.
  • Lentini, F., Venza, F. (2007). Wild food plants of popular use in Sicily. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 3:15. DOİ: doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-3-1.
  • Lozano-Baena, M.D., Tasset, I., Muñoz-Serrano, A., Alonso-Moraga, Á., de Haro-Bailón, A. (2016). Cancer Prevention and Health Benefices of Traditionally Consumed Borago officinalis Plants. Nutrients, 8(1): 48. doi:10.3390/nu8010048.
  • Ress, S. (2013). Borage Bliss. In: Llewellyn's Herbal Almanac, Llewellyn Worldwire Ltd., Woodburry, pp 87-96.
  • Ravindran, P.N. (2017). The Encyclopedia of Herbs and Spices, CAB International (CABI), UK
  • Simmons, S. (2007). A Treasury of Persian Cuisine. 2nd ed. Stamford House Publishing, Hong Kong, China.
  • Sönmez, Ç., Soysal, A. Ö. Ş., Taghiloofar, A. H., Bayram, E., Çoşkunol, H. (2018). Menemen Ekolojik Koşullarında Borago officinalis L.(Hodan) Bitkisinde Farklı Sıra Arası Mesafelerinin Bazı Verim ve Kalite Özelliklerine Etkileri. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 55(1): 75-81.
  • Miceli, A., Francesca, N., Moschetti, G., Settanni, L. (2015). The influence of addition of Borago officinalis with antibacterial activity on the sensory quality of fresh pasta. International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 2(2): 93-97
  • Mhamdi, B., Wannes, W. A., Bourgou, S., Marzouk, B. (2009). Biochemical characterization of borage (Borago officinalis L.) seeds. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 33(3): 331-341.
  • Mhamdi B, Aidi Wannes W, Sriti J, Jellali I, Ksouri R, Marzouk B. (2010). Effect of harvesting time on phenolic compounds and antiradical scavenging activity of Borago officinalis seed extracts. Industrial Crops and Products, 31: 1-4.
  • Pereira, C., Barros, L., Carvalho, A. M., Ferreira, I.C. (2011). Nutritional composition and bioactive properties of commonly consumed wild greens: Potential sources for new trends in modern diets. Food Research International, 44(9): 2634-2640.
  • Pieszak, M., Mikolajczak, P. L., Manikowska, K. (2012). Borage (Borago officinalis L.)-a valuable medicinal plant used in herbal medicine. Herba Polonica, 58(4): 95-103.
  • Tewari, D., Bawari, S., Patni, P., Sah, A. N. (2019). Borage (Borago officinalis L.). In Nonvitamin and Nonmineral Nutritional Supplements. Eds. Nabavi, S.M., Silva,A.S., Academic Press. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-812491-8.00023-0
  • Justesen, U., Knuthsen, P. (2001). Composition of flavonoids in fresh herbs and calculation of flavonoid intake by use of herbs in traditional Danish dishes. Food Chemistry, 73(2): 245-250.
  • Lozano-Baena, M. D., Tasset, I., Muñoz-Serrano, A., Alonso-Moraga, Á., de Haro-Bailón, A. (2016). Cancer prevention and health benefices of traditionally consumed Borago officinalis plants. Nutrients, 8(1): 48. doi:10.3390/nu8010048
  • Nicolau, A. I., Gostin, A. I. (2015). Safety of Edible Flowers. Regulating Safety of Traditional and Ethnic Foods, 23: 395-419
  • USDA (2019). National Nutrient Database. https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/302164?manu=&fgcd=&ds=SR&q=Borage,%20raw Erişim Tarihi:06.05.2019
  • Velasco L, Goffman FD. (1999). Chemotaxonomic significance of fatty acids and tocopherols in Boraginaceae. Phytochemistry, 52: 423-426.
  • Wettasinghe, M., Shahidi, F., Amarowicz, R., Abou-Zaid, M. M. (2001). Phenolic acids in defatted seeds of borage (Borago officinalis L.). Food chemistry, 75(1): 49-56.
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Derleme
Authors

Ayla Ünver Alçay

Publication Date July 27, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Ünver Alçay, A. (2019). Hodan Otunun Faydaları ve Mutfakta Kullanımı. Aydın Gastronomy, 3(2), 101-117.

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