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SAANEN KEÇİLERİNDE ERKEN VE GEÇ LAKTASYON DÖNEMİNDE OKSİDATİF DURUM

Year 2014, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 74 - 78, 31.08.2014

Abstract


AMAÇ: Metabolik parametreler, sağlık, reprodüktif ve beslenme durumlarının takip edilmesinde yaygın olarak kullanılırlar. Son birkaç yılda, serbest radikallerin meydana getirdiği hasarın ve bunlara karşıt olarak gerçekleşen vücut savunmasının belirlenmesi, klinik tıpta metabolik durumun değerlendirilmesinde tamamlayıcı bir araç olması bakımından, artan bir önem teşkil eder hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, saha şartlarındaki sağlıklı saanen keçilerinin erken ve geç laktasyonda antioksidan düzeylerinin iki parametre kullanılarak ölçülmesidir.


YÖNTEMLER: Bu parametreler; lipit peroksidasyonun bir ürünü olan plazma malondialdehit seviyesi (MDA) ve total antioksidan (TAK) kapasiteleridir. Aynı zamanda, antioksidan seviye göstergeleri ve diğer ilişkili kan parametreleri arasındaki mümkün olan bağlantılar da araştırıldı. Elde edilen sonuçlar, erken ve geç laktasyonda karakteristik metabolik değişikliklerin meydana geldiği sonucunu doğrulamaktadır. MDA ve TAK, hayvandaki internal fizyolojik durumun doğrusal bir yansıması olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Ayrıca, MDA ve TAK kombinasyonu, saanen keçilerinin metabolik durumları hakkında bütünleyici bilgiler sağlamaktadır.



BULGULAR: Bu yüzden, metabolik parametlerin bir göstergesi olan laktasyon başlangıcındaki düzgün metabolik adaptasyon; lipit peroksidayonu sonucunda oluşan yüksek serbest radikal seviyeleri ve sadece kısa bir zaman periyodunda meydana gelen yüksek MDA değerleri (15.94±5.17) ile tezat oluşturmaktadır. Hayvanın geç laktasyon durumunda metabolik olarak sabit hale geldiği, antioksidan göstergelerinin (MDA için 7.18±2.09 ve TAK için 2.62±0.66) ortalama değerlerinden görülmüştür.



SONUÇ: Veriler, laktasyon esnasında lipit peroksidasyonunun arttığını, ancak; bunun sadece fizyolojik duruma değil aynı zamanda bilinmeyen faktörlere bağlı olan çeşitli bireysel varyasyonlar ile gerçekleştiğini göstermektedir.


References

  • 1. Bell AW. Regulation of organic nutrient metabolism during transition from late pregnancy to early lactation. J Anim Sci. 1995; 73(9): 2804-19.
  • 2. Bernabucci U, Ronchi B, Lacetera N, Nardone A. Influence of body condition score on relationships between metabolic status and oxidative stress in periparturient dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 2005; 88(6): 2017-26.
  • 3. Celi P, Di Trana A, Claps S. Effects of plane of nutrition on oxidative stress in goats during the peripartum period. Vet J. 2010; 184(1): 95-9.
  • 4. Kozan E, Avcı G, Kırcalı Sevimli F, Fatih Mehmet Birdane FM, Köse M. Askaridiozisli ve tedavi edilmiş köpeklerde antioksidan düzeylerinin ve bazı biyokimyasal parametrelerinin incelenmesi. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2010; 57: 93-7.
  • 5. Değer S, Değer Y, Ertekin A, Gül A, Biçek K, Özdal N. Dictyocaulus viviparus ile Enfekte sığırlarda lipit peroksidasyon ve antioksidan durumunun saptanması. Türkiye Parazitol Derg. 2008; 32(3): 234-7.
  • 6. Castillo C, Hernandez J, Lopez-Alonso M, Miranda M, Benedito JL. Values of plasma lipid hydroperoxides and total antioxidant status in healthy dairy cows: preliminary observations. Archives of Animal Breeding. 2003; 46: 227–33.
  • 7. Richard MJ, Portal B, Meo J, Coudray C, Hadjian A, Favier A. Malondialdehyde kit evaluated for determining plasma and lipoprotein fractions that react with thiobarbituric acid. Clinical Chemistry. 1992; 38(5):704–9.
  • 8. Yoshioka T, Kawada K, Shimada T, Mori M. Lipid peroxidation in maternal and cord blood and protective mechanism aganist actived oxygen toxicity in the blood. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1979; 135: 372–6.
  • 9. Erel O. A novel automated direct measurement method for total antioxidant capacity using a new generation, more stable ABTS radical cation. Clin Biochem, 2004; 37: 277-85.
  • 10. Rezaei AS, Dalir-Naghadeh B. Evaluation of antioxidant status and oxidative stress in cattle naturally infected with Theileria annulata. Vet Parasitol.2006; 142: 179-86.
  • 11. Sani M, Ghanem-Boughanmi N, Gadacha W, Sebai H, Boughattas NA, Reinberg A, Ben-Attia M. Malondialdehyde content and circadian variations in brain, kidney, liver, and plasma of mice. Chronobiol Int. 2007; 24: 671-85.
  • 12. Chirase NK, Greene LW, Purdy CW, Loan RW, Auvermann BW, Parker DB, Walborg EF Jr, Stevenson DE, Xu Y, Klaunig JE. Effect of transport stres on respiratory disease, serum antioxidant status, and serum concentrations of lipid peroxidation biomarkers in beef cattle. Am J Vet Res, 2004; 65: 860-4.
  • 13. Karapehlivan M, Kaya İ, Sağ A, Akın S, Özcan A. Effects of early and late lactation period on plasma oxidant/antioxidant balance of goats. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2013;19(3): 529-33.
  • 14. Matés JM, Sánchez-Jiménez F. Antioxidant enzymes and their implications in pathophysiologic processes. Front Biosci. 1999; 4: 339-45.
  • 15. O’Boyle N, Corl CM, Gandy JC, Sordillo LM. Relationship of body condition score and oxidant stress to tumor necrosis factor expression in dairy cattle. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2006; 113(3-4): 297-304.
  • 16. Nordberg J, Arnér ES. Reactive oxygen species, antioxidants, and the mammalian thioredoxin system. Free Radical Biol Med. 2001; 31(11): 1287-312.
  • 17. Róth E. Oxygen free radicals and their clinical implications. Acta Chir Hung. 1997;36(1-4): 302-5.
  • 18. Goff JP, Stabel JR. Decreased plasma retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and zinc concentration during the periparturient period: Effect of milk fever. J Dairy Sci. 1990; 73(11): 3195-9.
  • 19. Cañas RC, Quiroz RA, León-Velarde C, Posadas A, Osorio J. Quantifying energy dissipation by grazing animals in harsh environments. J Theor Biol. 2003; 225(3): 351-9.
  • 20. Eknæs M, Kolstad K, Volden H, Hove K. Changes in body reserves and milk quality throughout lactation in dairy goats. Small Rumin Res. 2006; 63(1-2): 1-11.
  • 21. Turk R, Juretić D, Geres D, Svetina A, Turk N, Flegar-Mestrić Z. Influence of oxidative stress and metabolic adaptation on PON1 activity and MDA level in transition dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci. 2008; 108(1-2): 98-106.
  • 22. Kaya İ, Karapehlivan M, Yılmaz M, Ersan Y, Koç E. Investigation of effects on plasma nitric oxide, malondialdehyde and total sialic acid levels of glyphosate in Kars Creek transcaucasian barb (Capoeta capoeta [Guldenstaedt, 1773]) in Turkey. Fresenius Environ Bull. 2012; 21(1A): 123-6.
  • 23. Castillo C, Hernandez J, Bravo A, Lopez-Alonso M, Pereira V, Benedito JL. Oxidative status during late pregnancy and early lactation in dairy cows. Vet J. 2005; 169(2): 286-92.
  • 24. Wullepit N, Raes K, Beerda B, Veerkamp RF, Fremaut D, De Smet S. Influence of management and genetic merit for milk yield on the oxidative status of plasma in heifers. Livestock Sci. 2009; 123(2-3): 276-82.
  • 25. Pedernera M, Celi P, García SC, Salvin HE, Barchia I, Fulkerson WJ. Effect of diet, energy balance and milk production on oxidative stress in early-lactating dairy cows grazing pasture. Vet J. 2010; 186(3): 352-7.
  • 26. Bouanane S, Benkalfat NB, Baba Ahmed FZ, Merzouk H, Mokhtari NS, Merzouk SA, Gresti J, Tessier C, Narce M. Time course of changes in serum oxidant/antioxidant status in overfed obese rats and their offspring. Clin Sci. 2009; 116(8): 669-80.
  • 27. Putnam DE, Varga GA. Protein density and its influence on metabolite concentration and nitrogen retention by Holstein cows in late gestation. Journal of Dairy Science. 1998; 81: 1608–18.
  • 28. Park AF, Shirley JE, Titgemeyer EC, Meyer MJ, VanBaale MJ, VandeHaar MJ. Effect of protein level in prepartum diets on metabolism and performance of dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 2002; 85(7): 1815-28.
  • 29. Vandehaar MJ, Yousif G, Sharma BK, Herdt TH, Emery RS, Allen MS, Liesman JS. Effect of energy and protein density of prepartum diets on fat and protein metabolism of dairy cattle in the periparturient period. J Dairy Sci. 1999; 82(6): 1282-95.
  • 30. Miller JK, Brzezinska-Slebodzinska E, Madsen FC. Oxidative stress, antioxidants, and animal function. J Dairy Sci. 1993; 76: 2812–23.

OXIDATIVE STATUS DURING EARLY AND LATE LACTATION IN SAANEN GOATS

Year 2014, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 74 - 78, 31.08.2014

Abstract


OBJECTIVE: Metabolic profiles are widely used to monitor health, reproductive status and nutritional status. In the last few years, the detection of free radical damage and body’s defences against it have become increasingly important in clinical medicine as a complementary tool in the evaluation of metabolic status. The aim of this study was to evaluate, under field conditions, the antioxidant status of healthy saanen goats during early and late lactation onset using two parameters.


METHODS: plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), a degradation product of lipid peroxidation, and total antioxidant status (TAS). We also investigated possible relationships between antioxidant status markers and other relevant blood parameters. Our results confirmed the characteristic metabolic changes associated with early and late lactation. MDA and TAS provided an accurate reflection of the internal physiological status of the animal. In addition, the combination of MDA and TAS can provide complementary information about the metabolic status of the saanen goats.


RESULTS: Thus the proper metabolic adaptation to the onset of lactation, showed by metabolic profiles, contrasts with the high levels of free radicals which cause lipid peroxidation and high MDA values (15.94±5.17) which is maintained only for a short period of time. When the animal reaches late lactation metabolic status is stabilized and this is reflected by antioxidant status with mean values of 7.18±2.09 for MDA and 2.62±0.66 for TAS values.


CONCLUSION: The data indicated increased lipid peroxidation around lactation, but with wide individual variations that may be attributable not only to the physiological stage but also to unknown factors.


References

  • 1. Bell AW. Regulation of organic nutrient metabolism during transition from late pregnancy to early lactation. J Anim Sci. 1995; 73(9): 2804-19.
  • 2. Bernabucci U, Ronchi B, Lacetera N, Nardone A. Influence of body condition score on relationships between metabolic status and oxidative stress in periparturient dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 2005; 88(6): 2017-26.
  • 3. Celi P, Di Trana A, Claps S. Effects of plane of nutrition on oxidative stress in goats during the peripartum period. Vet J. 2010; 184(1): 95-9.
  • 4. Kozan E, Avcı G, Kırcalı Sevimli F, Fatih Mehmet Birdane FM, Köse M. Askaridiozisli ve tedavi edilmiş köpeklerde antioksidan düzeylerinin ve bazı biyokimyasal parametrelerinin incelenmesi. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2010; 57: 93-7.
  • 5. Değer S, Değer Y, Ertekin A, Gül A, Biçek K, Özdal N. Dictyocaulus viviparus ile Enfekte sığırlarda lipit peroksidasyon ve antioksidan durumunun saptanması. Türkiye Parazitol Derg. 2008; 32(3): 234-7.
  • 6. Castillo C, Hernandez J, Lopez-Alonso M, Miranda M, Benedito JL. Values of plasma lipid hydroperoxides and total antioxidant status in healthy dairy cows: preliminary observations. Archives of Animal Breeding. 2003; 46: 227–33.
  • 7. Richard MJ, Portal B, Meo J, Coudray C, Hadjian A, Favier A. Malondialdehyde kit evaluated for determining plasma and lipoprotein fractions that react with thiobarbituric acid. Clinical Chemistry. 1992; 38(5):704–9.
  • 8. Yoshioka T, Kawada K, Shimada T, Mori M. Lipid peroxidation in maternal and cord blood and protective mechanism aganist actived oxygen toxicity in the blood. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1979; 135: 372–6.
  • 9. Erel O. A novel automated direct measurement method for total antioxidant capacity using a new generation, more stable ABTS radical cation. Clin Biochem, 2004; 37: 277-85.
  • 10. Rezaei AS, Dalir-Naghadeh B. Evaluation of antioxidant status and oxidative stress in cattle naturally infected with Theileria annulata. Vet Parasitol.2006; 142: 179-86.
  • 11. Sani M, Ghanem-Boughanmi N, Gadacha W, Sebai H, Boughattas NA, Reinberg A, Ben-Attia M. Malondialdehyde content and circadian variations in brain, kidney, liver, and plasma of mice. Chronobiol Int. 2007; 24: 671-85.
  • 12. Chirase NK, Greene LW, Purdy CW, Loan RW, Auvermann BW, Parker DB, Walborg EF Jr, Stevenson DE, Xu Y, Klaunig JE. Effect of transport stres on respiratory disease, serum antioxidant status, and serum concentrations of lipid peroxidation biomarkers in beef cattle. Am J Vet Res, 2004; 65: 860-4.
  • 13. Karapehlivan M, Kaya İ, Sağ A, Akın S, Özcan A. Effects of early and late lactation period on plasma oxidant/antioxidant balance of goats. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2013;19(3): 529-33.
  • 14. Matés JM, Sánchez-Jiménez F. Antioxidant enzymes and their implications in pathophysiologic processes. Front Biosci. 1999; 4: 339-45.
  • 15. O’Boyle N, Corl CM, Gandy JC, Sordillo LM. Relationship of body condition score and oxidant stress to tumor necrosis factor expression in dairy cattle. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2006; 113(3-4): 297-304.
  • 16. Nordberg J, Arnér ES. Reactive oxygen species, antioxidants, and the mammalian thioredoxin system. Free Radical Biol Med. 2001; 31(11): 1287-312.
  • 17. Róth E. Oxygen free radicals and their clinical implications. Acta Chir Hung. 1997;36(1-4): 302-5.
  • 18. Goff JP, Stabel JR. Decreased plasma retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and zinc concentration during the periparturient period: Effect of milk fever. J Dairy Sci. 1990; 73(11): 3195-9.
  • 19. Cañas RC, Quiroz RA, León-Velarde C, Posadas A, Osorio J. Quantifying energy dissipation by grazing animals in harsh environments. J Theor Biol. 2003; 225(3): 351-9.
  • 20. Eknæs M, Kolstad K, Volden H, Hove K. Changes in body reserves and milk quality throughout lactation in dairy goats. Small Rumin Res. 2006; 63(1-2): 1-11.
  • 21. Turk R, Juretić D, Geres D, Svetina A, Turk N, Flegar-Mestrić Z. Influence of oxidative stress and metabolic adaptation on PON1 activity and MDA level in transition dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci. 2008; 108(1-2): 98-106.
  • 22. Kaya İ, Karapehlivan M, Yılmaz M, Ersan Y, Koç E. Investigation of effects on plasma nitric oxide, malondialdehyde and total sialic acid levels of glyphosate in Kars Creek transcaucasian barb (Capoeta capoeta [Guldenstaedt, 1773]) in Turkey. Fresenius Environ Bull. 2012; 21(1A): 123-6.
  • 23. Castillo C, Hernandez J, Bravo A, Lopez-Alonso M, Pereira V, Benedito JL. Oxidative status during late pregnancy and early lactation in dairy cows. Vet J. 2005; 169(2): 286-92.
  • 24. Wullepit N, Raes K, Beerda B, Veerkamp RF, Fremaut D, De Smet S. Influence of management and genetic merit for milk yield on the oxidative status of plasma in heifers. Livestock Sci. 2009; 123(2-3): 276-82.
  • 25. Pedernera M, Celi P, García SC, Salvin HE, Barchia I, Fulkerson WJ. Effect of diet, energy balance and milk production on oxidative stress in early-lactating dairy cows grazing pasture. Vet J. 2010; 186(3): 352-7.
  • 26. Bouanane S, Benkalfat NB, Baba Ahmed FZ, Merzouk H, Mokhtari NS, Merzouk SA, Gresti J, Tessier C, Narce M. Time course of changes in serum oxidant/antioxidant status in overfed obese rats and their offspring. Clin Sci. 2009; 116(8): 669-80.
  • 27. Putnam DE, Varga GA. Protein density and its influence on metabolite concentration and nitrogen retention by Holstein cows in late gestation. Journal of Dairy Science. 1998; 81: 1608–18.
  • 28. Park AF, Shirley JE, Titgemeyer EC, Meyer MJ, VanBaale MJ, VandeHaar MJ. Effect of protein level in prepartum diets on metabolism and performance of dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 2002; 85(7): 1815-28.
  • 29. Vandehaar MJ, Yousif G, Sharma BK, Herdt TH, Emery RS, Allen MS, Liesman JS. Effect of energy and protein density of prepartum diets on fat and protein metabolism of dairy cattle in the periparturient period. J Dairy Sci. 1999; 82(6): 1282-95.
  • 30. Miller JK, Brzezinska-Slebodzinska E, Madsen FC. Oxidative stress, antioxidants, and animal function. J Dairy Sci. 1993; 76: 2812–23.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hasan Akşit

Funda Kıral This is me

Murat Yılmaz This is me

Mürüvvet Ural This is me

Publication Date August 31, 2014
Submission Date January 28, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Akşit, H., Kıral, F., Yılmaz, M., Ural, M. (2014). SAANEN KEÇİLERİNDE ERKEN VE GEÇ LAKTASYON DÖNEMİNDE OKSİDATİF DURUM. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(2), 74-78.

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