Review
BibTex RIS Cite

Çalışanın Zihinsel ve Fiziksel Yorgunluğunun Algı Üzerindeki Etkisi ve Kaza Riski

Year 2020, Ejosat Special Issue 2020 (ISMSIT), 195 - 205, 30.11.2020
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.820997

Abstract

İş kazalarında kaza kök analizinde oluşum kaynağının tehlikeli davranışlar ve tehlikeli durumlar olduğu bilinmektedir. Geçen yıllar boyunca yapılan araştırma, çalışma, iyileştirme ve düzenlemelere rağmen bu oranlarda iyileşmeler yeterince olmamış ve neredeyse aynı şekilde günümüze kadar gelmiştir. Kaza kök neden çalışmalarında en büyük etki olarak insan faktörüne ulaşılmaktadır. Ancak insan faktörünü işaret ederek kök nedenin burada bitmesi doğru değildir. Ramak kala veya kaza oluşumunda çalışanın fiziksel ve zihinsel yorgunluğu ve psikolojik durumu genellikle incelenme dışı bırakılmaktadır. Oysa ki yorgunluk, uykusuzluk sonucu oluşan algı sapması; olayın gerçekleşmesinde önemli bir rol oynamakta, ancak dönemsel meydana gelen bu değişiklik, çoğu zaman hem çalışan hem de iş veren tarafından göz ardı edilmektedir. Bu durumun düzenli takip edilerek, bileşenlerin, çalışanların iş yerinde çevre, ortam, ekipman ve birey/takım kapsamında proaktif ve önleyici olarak korunmalarını hedeflenmelidir. Bu makalede çalışanın algısında oluşan sapmaların karar verme, risk alma ve reaksiyon süresindeki değişimlerin sonucunda oluşacak ramak kala veya kaza riskinin önlenmesine yönelik geliştirilmiş olan bir yol haritası ve İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği (İSG) süreçleri ile eşleşme matrisi sunulmaktadır.

References

  • International Labour Organization, (2015), World day for safety and health at work, Retrieved from https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/osh/en/story_content/external_files/fs_st_1-ILO_5_en.pdf.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu, SGK istatistik yilliklari, Retrieved from http://www.sgk.gov.tr/wps/portal/sgk/tr/ kurumsal/istatistik/sgk_istatistik_yilliklari.
  • European statistics statistics explained, Accidents at work statistics, Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Accidents_at_work_statistics.
  • Heinrich, H.W., (1959), Industrial accident prevention: A scientific approach (4th ed) NY. MacGraw-Hill. Zuo, D., Yao, W., Wu, Y., (2006), Statistical analysis of major accidents in petrochemical industry notified to the major accident reporting system (MARS). Journal of Hazardous Materials, 137, 1-7.
  • Nivolianitou, Z., Konstandinidou, M., Michalis, C., (2006), Statistical analysis of major accidents in petrochemical industry notified to the major accident reporting system (MARS). J. Hazard Mater. 137, 1–7., Greece.
  • Wang, Y. F., Faghih, R. S., Hu, X. M., Xie, M., (2011), Investigations of human and or organizational factors in hazardous vapor accidents, J. Hazard Mater., no: 191, 69-82.
  • Zarei, E., Mohammadfam, I., Aliabadi, M. M., Jamshidi, A., Ghasemi, F., (2016), Efficiency prediction of control room operators based on human reliability analysis and dynamic decision-making style in the process industry, Process Saf. Prog. 35, 192–199. Noroozi, A., Abbassi, R., MacKinnon, S., Khan, F., Khakzad, N, (2014), Effects of cold environments on human reliability assessment in offshore oil and gas facilities, Hum. Factors no: 56, 825–839.
  • Abbassi, R., Khan, F., Garaniya, V., Chai, S., Chin, C., Hossain, K. A., (2015), An integrated method for human error probability assessment during the maintenance of offshore facilities, Process Saf. Environ. Protect, No 94, 172–179.
  • Rao, S., (2007), Safety culture and accident analysis a socio-management approach based on organizational safety social capital, J. Hazard Mater No 142, 730–740.
  • Hollnagel, E., (2010), Summary of a history of accident modelling, FRAM Background. Retrieved from http://sites.google.com/site/erikhollnagel2/coursematerials/FRAM_background.pdf , Slide 7.
  • Kontogiannis, T. and Embrey, D., (1992), human reliability assessment human reliability associates' course, Practical techniques for assessing and reducing human error in industry. (sec. 14).
  • Kletz, T., (1991). An Engineer's View of Human Error, Florida, CRC Press.
  • Health & Safety Laboratory, (2006) The causes of major hazard ıncidents and how to ımprove risk control and health and safety management: a review of the existing literature, HSE Contract Report No. 33/1992. Organisational management and human factors in quantitative risk assessment, report 1., Retrieved from https://www.hse.gov.uk/ research/hsl_pdf/2006/hsl06117.pdf.
  • U.S. Department of Transportation, (2009), International conference on fatigue management in transportation operations, A framework for progress, Boston, Massachusetts, March 24-26.
  • State of Victoria, Fatigue, Retrieved from https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/fatigue.
  • Anne-M. N., Jackie S B., (2004), On-call work and health: a review, Environmental health: a global access science source, 3:15 doi:10.1186/1476-069X-3-15.
  • Dittner, A. J., Wessely, S. C., and Brown, R. G., (2004). The assessment of fatigue a practical guide for clinicians and researchers., J. Psychosom. Res. 56, 157–170. doi: 10.1016/S0022-3999(03)00371-4.
  • Gibson, A. S. C., Swart, J., and Tucker, R. (2018). The interaction of psychological and physiological homeostatic drives and role of general control principles in the regulation of physiological systems, Exercise and the fatigue process–The Integrative Governor theory. Eur. J. Sport Sci. 18, 25–36. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2017.1321688.
  • Türk Nöroloji Derneği, Retrieved from https://www.noroloji.org.tr/menu/98/uyku-bozukluklari.
  • Türk Toraks Derneği Uyku Bozuklukları Çalışma Grubu, Retrieved from https://toraks.org.tr/site/news/3206.
  • Smolensky, M., Lamberg, L., (2001) The Body Clock Guide to Better Health, Health & Fitness, the drawing was done with Inkscape by Yassine Mrabet.
  • Rankin, W. L., (2000), The maintenance error decision aid (MEDA) proces, Proceedings of the human factors and ergonomics society annual meeting, volume: 44 issue: 22, 795-798.
  • Jeppesen, BAM Tech. Fact Sheet, Retrieved from https://ww2.jeppesen.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/BAM _Tech_Fact_ Sheet_2.3.pdf.
  • Hursh, S. R., Redmond, D. P., Johnson, M. L., Thorne, D. R., Belenky, G., Balkin, T. J., Storm, W. F., Miller, J.C., Eddy, D. R., (2004), Fatigue models for applied research in warfighting, Aviat Space Environ Med, A44-53; discussion A54-60.
  • Evans, M. S., Harborne, D., Smit, A. S., (2019), Mobile Version of the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (m-PVT), School of Computer Science and Informatics, Cardiff University, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-14273-5_4.
  • Hogervorst, M.A., Brouwer, A-M. Erp, J.B.F., (2014), Combining and comparing EEG, peripheral physiology and eye-related measures for the assessment of mental workload, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2014.00322.
  • Vergara, V. C., Moënne-Loccoz, C., Maldonado, P.E., (2017), Cold-Blooded Attention: Finger Temperature Predicts Attentional Performance, Frontier, Human Neuroscience, Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2017.00454.
  • Ramsey, J. D., Burford, C. L., Beshır, M. Y., Jensen, R. C., (1983), Effects of workplace thermal conditions on safe work behavior, Journal of Safety Research, 14, 105 ± 114.
  • Mazloumi A., Golbabaei F., Khani S. M., Kazemi Z., Hosseini, M., Abbasinia M., Dehghan S. F., (2014), Evaluating effects of heat stress on cognitive function among workers in a hot industry, Health Promotion Perspectives 4(2):240-6, doi: 10.5681/hpp.2014.031.
  • Vasmatzidis, I., Schlegel R. E. (1994) A methodology for investigating heat stress selectivity effects on mental performance, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 38th Annual Meeting (Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society), 510 ± 514.
  • Hancock P. A. (1981), Heat stress impairment of mental performance: a revision of tolerance limits, Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine, 52, 177 ± 180.
  • Hancock P. A., Vasmatzidis I. (1998), Human occupational and performance limits under stress: the thermal environment as a prototypical example, Ergonomics, 41, 1169 ± 1191.

The Impacts of Mental and Physical Fatigue of Employees on the Perception Level and the Risk of Accident

Year 2020, Ejosat Special Issue 2020 (ISMSIT), 195 - 205, 30.11.2020
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.820997

Abstract

The sources of work accidents identified in the root cause analysis are dangerous behaviors and dangerous occurrences. Despite the studies, improvements, and arrangements made on this subject in recent years, the status of the matter has not been improved until today, and the rates of occurrences have almost remained the same. In the accident root cause studies conducted, the findings suggest that the human factor is the leading cause of accidents in the workplace. However, pointing out that the human factor alone is not enough to correctly examine the causes of these accidents. In the assessments performed, the physical and mental fatigue and psychological conditions of the workers are generally excluded from the studies. Despite this, the perceptual deficit that arises from fatigue and insomnia plays a significant role in the occurrence of accidents or near-miss incidents. These fluctuating changes in the mental and physical well-being of the worker overtime often go unnoticed by both the employee and the employer. By regularly monitoring the components of this state of well-being, within the scope of occupational health and safety, it must be aimed at proactive and preventive protection of the health and safety of employees in the workplace concerning the environment, equipment, and individual/team. In this study, a roadmap developed for the prevention of near-miss incidents or accidents that may occur due to changes in decision-making skills, risk-taking behaviors, and reaction time of employees due to deterioration in the perception levels of them, and a matching matrix regarding the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) processes are presented.

References

  • International Labour Organization, (2015), World day for safety and health at work, Retrieved from https://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/osh/en/story_content/external_files/fs_st_1-ILO_5_en.pdf.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu, SGK istatistik yilliklari, Retrieved from http://www.sgk.gov.tr/wps/portal/sgk/tr/ kurumsal/istatistik/sgk_istatistik_yilliklari.
  • European statistics statistics explained, Accidents at work statistics, Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Accidents_at_work_statistics.
  • Heinrich, H.W., (1959), Industrial accident prevention: A scientific approach (4th ed) NY. MacGraw-Hill. Zuo, D., Yao, W., Wu, Y., (2006), Statistical analysis of major accidents in petrochemical industry notified to the major accident reporting system (MARS). Journal of Hazardous Materials, 137, 1-7.
  • Nivolianitou, Z., Konstandinidou, M., Michalis, C., (2006), Statistical analysis of major accidents in petrochemical industry notified to the major accident reporting system (MARS). J. Hazard Mater. 137, 1–7., Greece.
  • Wang, Y. F., Faghih, R. S., Hu, X. M., Xie, M., (2011), Investigations of human and or organizational factors in hazardous vapor accidents, J. Hazard Mater., no: 191, 69-82.
  • Zarei, E., Mohammadfam, I., Aliabadi, M. M., Jamshidi, A., Ghasemi, F., (2016), Efficiency prediction of control room operators based on human reliability analysis and dynamic decision-making style in the process industry, Process Saf. Prog. 35, 192–199. Noroozi, A., Abbassi, R., MacKinnon, S., Khan, F., Khakzad, N, (2014), Effects of cold environments on human reliability assessment in offshore oil and gas facilities, Hum. Factors no: 56, 825–839.
  • Abbassi, R., Khan, F., Garaniya, V., Chai, S., Chin, C., Hossain, K. A., (2015), An integrated method for human error probability assessment during the maintenance of offshore facilities, Process Saf. Environ. Protect, No 94, 172–179.
  • Rao, S., (2007), Safety culture and accident analysis a socio-management approach based on organizational safety social capital, J. Hazard Mater No 142, 730–740.
  • Hollnagel, E., (2010), Summary of a history of accident modelling, FRAM Background. Retrieved from http://sites.google.com/site/erikhollnagel2/coursematerials/FRAM_background.pdf , Slide 7.
  • Kontogiannis, T. and Embrey, D., (1992), human reliability assessment human reliability associates' course, Practical techniques for assessing and reducing human error in industry. (sec. 14).
  • Kletz, T., (1991). An Engineer's View of Human Error, Florida, CRC Press.
  • Health & Safety Laboratory, (2006) The causes of major hazard ıncidents and how to ımprove risk control and health and safety management: a review of the existing literature, HSE Contract Report No. 33/1992. Organisational management and human factors in quantitative risk assessment, report 1., Retrieved from https://www.hse.gov.uk/ research/hsl_pdf/2006/hsl06117.pdf.
  • U.S. Department of Transportation, (2009), International conference on fatigue management in transportation operations, A framework for progress, Boston, Massachusetts, March 24-26.
  • State of Victoria, Fatigue, Retrieved from https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/fatigue.
  • Anne-M. N., Jackie S B., (2004), On-call work and health: a review, Environmental health: a global access science source, 3:15 doi:10.1186/1476-069X-3-15.
  • Dittner, A. J., Wessely, S. C., and Brown, R. G., (2004). The assessment of fatigue a practical guide for clinicians and researchers., J. Psychosom. Res. 56, 157–170. doi: 10.1016/S0022-3999(03)00371-4.
  • Gibson, A. S. C., Swart, J., and Tucker, R. (2018). The interaction of psychological and physiological homeostatic drives and role of general control principles in the regulation of physiological systems, Exercise and the fatigue process–The Integrative Governor theory. Eur. J. Sport Sci. 18, 25–36. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2017.1321688.
  • Türk Nöroloji Derneği, Retrieved from https://www.noroloji.org.tr/menu/98/uyku-bozukluklari.
  • Türk Toraks Derneği Uyku Bozuklukları Çalışma Grubu, Retrieved from https://toraks.org.tr/site/news/3206.
  • Smolensky, M., Lamberg, L., (2001) The Body Clock Guide to Better Health, Health & Fitness, the drawing was done with Inkscape by Yassine Mrabet.
  • Rankin, W. L., (2000), The maintenance error decision aid (MEDA) proces, Proceedings of the human factors and ergonomics society annual meeting, volume: 44 issue: 22, 795-798.
  • Jeppesen, BAM Tech. Fact Sheet, Retrieved from https://ww2.jeppesen.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/BAM _Tech_Fact_ Sheet_2.3.pdf.
  • Hursh, S. R., Redmond, D. P., Johnson, M. L., Thorne, D. R., Belenky, G., Balkin, T. J., Storm, W. F., Miller, J.C., Eddy, D. R., (2004), Fatigue models for applied research in warfighting, Aviat Space Environ Med, A44-53; discussion A54-60.
  • Evans, M. S., Harborne, D., Smit, A. S., (2019), Mobile Version of the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (m-PVT), School of Computer Science and Informatics, Cardiff University, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-14273-5_4.
  • Hogervorst, M.A., Brouwer, A-M. Erp, J.B.F., (2014), Combining and comparing EEG, peripheral physiology and eye-related measures for the assessment of mental workload, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2014.00322.
  • Vergara, V. C., Moënne-Loccoz, C., Maldonado, P.E., (2017), Cold-Blooded Attention: Finger Temperature Predicts Attentional Performance, Frontier, Human Neuroscience, Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2017.00454.
  • Ramsey, J. D., Burford, C. L., Beshır, M. Y., Jensen, R. C., (1983), Effects of workplace thermal conditions on safe work behavior, Journal of Safety Research, 14, 105 ± 114.
  • Mazloumi A., Golbabaei F., Khani S. M., Kazemi Z., Hosseini, M., Abbasinia M., Dehghan S. F., (2014), Evaluating effects of heat stress on cognitive function among workers in a hot industry, Health Promotion Perspectives 4(2):240-6, doi: 10.5681/hpp.2014.031.
  • Vasmatzidis, I., Schlegel R. E. (1994) A methodology for investigating heat stress selectivity effects on mental performance, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 38th Annual Meeting (Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society), 510 ± 514.
  • Hancock P. A. (1981), Heat stress impairment of mental performance: a revision of tolerance limits, Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine, 52, 177 ± 180.
  • Hancock P. A., Vasmatzidis I. (1998), Human occupational and performance limits under stress: the thermal environment as a prototypical example, Ergonomics, 41, 1169 ± 1191.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ahmet Tasdelen 0000-0003-3013-2728

Alper Özpınar 0000-0003-1250-5949

Publication Date November 30, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Ejosat Special Issue 2020 (ISMSIT)

Cite

APA Tasdelen, A., & Özpınar, A. (2020). The Impacts of Mental and Physical Fatigue of Employees on the Perception Level and the Risk of Accident. Avrupa Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi195-205. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.820997