Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Farklı Katkı Maddelerinin Lenox Silajının Fermantasyon ve Fiziksel Özellikleri Üzerine Etkileri

Year 2020, Volume: 17 Issue: 1, 39 - 44, 23.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.697756

Abstract

Bu araştırma farklı katkı maddelerinin Lenox silajının fermantasyon ve fiziksel özellikleri üzerine etkilerini belirlemek için yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla, lenox örnekleri toplanmış ve makas kullanılarak parçalanmıştır. Lenox sırasıyla %10 arpa, %0.5 formik asit, %5 şeker ve %5 melas ile muamele edilmiştir. Silaj katkı maddeleri ile muamele edilen lenox cam kavanozlara beş tekerrürlü olarak 90 gün boyunca silolanmış ve silaj fermantasyon özellikleri ve fiziksel nitelikleri bakımından analiz edilmiştir. Melas ve şeker ilavesi yapılan lenox silajındaki koku, diğer gruplara göre önemli derecede iyileşmiştir (P<0.05). Gruplar arasında renk ve strüktür bakımından istatistik bir farklılık oluşmamıştır (P>0.05). Lenox silajına arpa ve melas ilavesi ile silajın kuru madde içeriği önemli derecede etkilenmiştir (P<0.05). Melas ilavesi ile Flieg puanı önemli derecede artarken ve pH değeri azalma göstermiştir (P<0.05). Silajın amonyak-azotu/toplam azot (NH3-N/TN) konsantrasyonu %0.48 ile %0.67 arasında değişmiş ama aradaki fark istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmamıştır (P>0.05). Bu sonuçlar göz önüne alındığında, lenox silajının hayvan besleme alanında ve ileriki çalışmalarda alternatif olarak kullanılabileceği ortaya çıkmıştır.

References

  • Altınok S, Karakaya A. Effect of growth season on forage yields of different brassica cultivars under Ankara conditions. Turk J Agric 2003; 27(2): 85-90.
  • Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Official Methods of Analysis. USA; 2003 pp. 69-88.
  • Ayaşan T. Soya silajı ve hayvan beslemede kullanımı. J Fac Vet Med Univ Erciyes 2011; 8(3): 193-200.
  • Baytok E, Aksu T, Karslı MA, Muruz H. The effects of formic acid, molasses and inoculant as silage additives on corn silage composition and ruminal fermentation characteristics in sheep. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2005; 29(2): 469-74.
  • Broderick GA, Kang JH. Automated simultaneous determination ofammonia and total amino acids in ruminal fluid and ın vitro media. J Dairy Sci 1980; 63(1): 64-75.
  • Chaucheyras F, Fonty G. Establishment of cellulolytic bacteria and development of fermentative activities in the rumen of gnotobiotically-reared lambs receiving the microbial additive Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-1077. Reprod Nutr Dev 2001; 41(1): 57-65.
  • Cogan T, Hawkey R, Higgie E, Lee MRF, Mee E, Parfitt D, Raj J, Roderick S, Walker N, Ward P, Wilkinson JM. Silage and total mixed ration hygienic quality on commercial farms: implications for animal production. J Brit Grassland Soc 2017; 72(4): 601-13.
  • Crampton EW, Maynard LA. The relation of cellulose and lignin content to nutritive value of animal feeds. J Nutr 1938; 15(4): 383-95.
  • Çetin İ. Farklı katkı maddeleri ile silolanan yem şalgamının (Brassica rapa L.) bazı kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Uşak Üniv Fen Bil Enst, Uşak 2017; s. 1-31.
  • Dawson B, Trapp RG. Basic and clinical biostatistics. 3th ed. New York: Lange Medical Books McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division; 2001.
  • Filya I. Nutritive value of whole crop wheat silage harvested at three stages of maturity. Anim Feed Sci Tech 2003; 103(2): 85-95.
  • Gemalmaz E, Bilal T. Alternatif kaba yem kaynakları. Lalahan Hay Araş Enst Derg 2016; 56(2): 63-9.
  • Haigh PM, Davies OD. Effect of formic acid with formalin or barley incorporation into grass silage on silage fermentation and the performance of dairy cows. J Agr Eng Res 1998; 69(3): 261-5.
  • Johansen M, Hellwing ALF, Lund P. Weisbjerg MR. Metabolisable protein supply to lactating dairy cows increased with increasing dry matter concentration in grass-clover silage. Anim Feed Sci Tech 2017; 227(2): 95-106.
  • Kara A. The effect of rangeland attributes on milk yield in rangeland dependent dairy cattle farms in Erzurum province of Turkey. Univers J Agric Res 2016; 4(3): 78-85.
  • Kara B, Ayhan V, Akman Z, Adıyaman E. Determination of silage quality herbage and hay yield of different triticale cultivars. Asian J Anim Vet Adv 2009; 4(3): 167-71.
  • Kiliç A. Silage Feed (Teaching, education and practice recommendations), Bilgehan Printinghouse, Bornova. İzmir. 1986; pp. 1-327.
  • Liu, Q.H., Dong, Z.H., Shao, T. Effect of additives on fatty acid profile of high moisture alfalfa silage during ensiling and after exposure to air. Anim Feed Sci Tech 2018; 236(1): 29–38.
  • Mannetje L. Silage for Animal Feed. http://www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/c17/E6-58-07-05.pdf. Available date: 15.02.2016
  • Muck RE, Nadeau EMG, McAllister TA, Contreras-Govea FE, Santos MC, Kung L. Silage review: Recent advances and future uses of silage additives. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101(5): 3980–4000.
  • Neumann M, Henrique E, Danubia H, Figueira N, Fernando G, Leão M, Cecchin D. Potential of corn silage production in different sowing times in the Paraná Midwest region. Appl Res Agrotech 2016; 9(1): 37-44.
  • Nishino N, Li Y, Wang C, Parvin S. Effects of wilting and molasses addition on fermentation and bacterial community in guinea grass silage. Lett Appl Microbiol 2012; 54(3): 175-181.
  • Rowghani E, Zamiri MJ. The effects of a microbial inoculant and formic acid as silage additives on chemical composition, ruminal degradability and nutrient digestibility of corn silage in sheep. Iran J Vet Res 2009; 10(2): 110-8.
  • Saadi S, Todorovic M, Tanasijevic L, Pereira LS, Pizzigalli C, Lionello P. Climate change and Mediterranean agriculture. Impacts on winter wheat and tomato crop evapotranspiration, irrigation requirements and yield. Agr Water Manage 2015; 147(1): 103-15.
  • Sanchez-Duarte JI, Corona JSS, Ochoa E, Gonzalez AR. Assessment of ensilability and chemical composition of canola and alfalfa forages with or without microbial inoculation. Indian J Agric Res 2014, 47(6): 421-8.
  • Silva VP, Pereira OG, Leandro ES, Da Silva TC, Ribeiro KG, Mantovani HC,Santos SA. Effects of lactic acid bacteria with bacteriocinogenic potential on the fermentation profile and chemical composition of alfalfa silage in tropical conditions. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99(3): 1895-902.
  • Şahin İF, Zaman M. An important cattle feed: Silage. Eastern Geographical Rewiev 2010; 23(1): 1-17.
  • Tai GW, Driehuis F, Wikselaar PV. The influences of addition of sugar with or without L. buchneri on fermentation and aerobic stability of whole crop maize silage ensiled in air-stress Silos. Asian Austral J Anim 2003; 16(12): 1738-42.
  • Toruk F, Kayişoğlu B. Effect of applied vacuum of silage package machine on silage quality. J Agric Mach Sci 2008; 4(4): 355-60.
  • Turkish Standarts Institution (TSI). Animal feeds-determination of metabolizable energy (Chemical method). TS-9610. 1991. Turkey, 2-3.

The Effects of Different Additives on the Fermentation and Physical Characteristics of Lenox Silage

Year 2020, Volume: 17 Issue: 1, 39 - 44, 23.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.697756

Abstract

The study was conducted to determine the effects of different additives on the fermentation and physical characteristics in Lenox Silage. For this purpose, Lenox sample was collected and chopped by using scissors. Then, Lenox was treated with 10% barley (B), 0.5% formic acid (FA), 5% sugar (S), and 5% molasses (M), respectively. Treated lenox samples with silage feed additives were ensiled in glass jar with 5 replicates for 90 days and, the silage was analyzed in terms of physical characteristics and fermentation pattern. The results revealed that the smell of Lenox silage in molasses and sugar group was significantly better in all other groups (P<0.05). No statistical difference was observed among all the groups in terms of structure and color value (P>0.05). Dry matter of the silage was significantly affected by addition of barley and molasses (P<0.05). Flieg point significantly increased by addition of molasses, but pH decreased (P<0.05). It was also found that ammonia-nitrogen/total nitrogen (NH3-N/TN) concentration of the silage ranged from 0.48 to 0.67% but the difference between them was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Based on the results, Lenox silage can be used as an alternative roughage in the field of animal nutrition and in the future studies.

References

  • Altınok S, Karakaya A. Effect of growth season on forage yields of different brassica cultivars under Ankara conditions. Turk J Agric 2003; 27(2): 85-90.
  • Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Official Methods of Analysis. USA; 2003 pp. 69-88.
  • Ayaşan T. Soya silajı ve hayvan beslemede kullanımı. J Fac Vet Med Univ Erciyes 2011; 8(3): 193-200.
  • Baytok E, Aksu T, Karslı MA, Muruz H. The effects of formic acid, molasses and inoculant as silage additives on corn silage composition and ruminal fermentation characteristics in sheep. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2005; 29(2): 469-74.
  • Broderick GA, Kang JH. Automated simultaneous determination ofammonia and total amino acids in ruminal fluid and ın vitro media. J Dairy Sci 1980; 63(1): 64-75.
  • Chaucheyras F, Fonty G. Establishment of cellulolytic bacteria and development of fermentative activities in the rumen of gnotobiotically-reared lambs receiving the microbial additive Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-1077. Reprod Nutr Dev 2001; 41(1): 57-65.
  • Cogan T, Hawkey R, Higgie E, Lee MRF, Mee E, Parfitt D, Raj J, Roderick S, Walker N, Ward P, Wilkinson JM. Silage and total mixed ration hygienic quality on commercial farms: implications for animal production. J Brit Grassland Soc 2017; 72(4): 601-13.
  • Crampton EW, Maynard LA. The relation of cellulose and lignin content to nutritive value of animal feeds. J Nutr 1938; 15(4): 383-95.
  • Çetin İ. Farklı katkı maddeleri ile silolanan yem şalgamının (Brassica rapa L.) bazı kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Uşak Üniv Fen Bil Enst, Uşak 2017; s. 1-31.
  • Dawson B, Trapp RG. Basic and clinical biostatistics. 3th ed. New York: Lange Medical Books McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division; 2001.
  • Filya I. Nutritive value of whole crop wheat silage harvested at three stages of maturity. Anim Feed Sci Tech 2003; 103(2): 85-95.
  • Gemalmaz E, Bilal T. Alternatif kaba yem kaynakları. Lalahan Hay Araş Enst Derg 2016; 56(2): 63-9.
  • Haigh PM, Davies OD. Effect of formic acid with formalin or barley incorporation into grass silage on silage fermentation and the performance of dairy cows. J Agr Eng Res 1998; 69(3): 261-5.
  • Johansen M, Hellwing ALF, Lund P. Weisbjerg MR. Metabolisable protein supply to lactating dairy cows increased with increasing dry matter concentration in grass-clover silage. Anim Feed Sci Tech 2017; 227(2): 95-106.
  • Kara A. The effect of rangeland attributes on milk yield in rangeland dependent dairy cattle farms in Erzurum province of Turkey. Univers J Agric Res 2016; 4(3): 78-85.
  • Kara B, Ayhan V, Akman Z, Adıyaman E. Determination of silage quality herbage and hay yield of different triticale cultivars. Asian J Anim Vet Adv 2009; 4(3): 167-71.
  • Kiliç A. Silage Feed (Teaching, education and practice recommendations), Bilgehan Printinghouse, Bornova. İzmir. 1986; pp. 1-327.
  • Liu, Q.H., Dong, Z.H., Shao, T. Effect of additives on fatty acid profile of high moisture alfalfa silage during ensiling and after exposure to air. Anim Feed Sci Tech 2018; 236(1): 29–38.
  • Mannetje L. Silage for Animal Feed. http://www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/c17/E6-58-07-05.pdf. Available date: 15.02.2016
  • Muck RE, Nadeau EMG, McAllister TA, Contreras-Govea FE, Santos MC, Kung L. Silage review: Recent advances and future uses of silage additives. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101(5): 3980–4000.
  • Neumann M, Henrique E, Danubia H, Figueira N, Fernando G, Leão M, Cecchin D. Potential of corn silage production in different sowing times in the Paraná Midwest region. Appl Res Agrotech 2016; 9(1): 37-44.
  • Nishino N, Li Y, Wang C, Parvin S. Effects of wilting and molasses addition on fermentation and bacterial community in guinea grass silage. Lett Appl Microbiol 2012; 54(3): 175-181.
  • Rowghani E, Zamiri MJ. The effects of a microbial inoculant and formic acid as silage additives on chemical composition, ruminal degradability and nutrient digestibility of corn silage in sheep. Iran J Vet Res 2009; 10(2): 110-8.
  • Saadi S, Todorovic M, Tanasijevic L, Pereira LS, Pizzigalli C, Lionello P. Climate change and Mediterranean agriculture. Impacts on winter wheat and tomato crop evapotranspiration, irrigation requirements and yield. Agr Water Manage 2015; 147(1): 103-15.
  • Sanchez-Duarte JI, Corona JSS, Ochoa E, Gonzalez AR. Assessment of ensilability and chemical composition of canola and alfalfa forages with or without microbial inoculation. Indian J Agric Res 2014, 47(6): 421-8.
  • Silva VP, Pereira OG, Leandro ES, Da Silva TC, Ribeiro KG, Mantovani HC,Santos SA. Effects of lactic acid bacteria with bacteriocinogenic potential on the fermentation profile and chemical composition of alfalfa silage in tropical conditions. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99(3): 1895-902.
  • Şahin İF, Zaman M. An important cattle feed: Silage. Eastern Geographical Rewiev 2010; 23(1): 1-17.
  • Tai GW, Driehuis F, Wikselaar PV. The influences of addition of sugar with or without L. buchneri on fermentation and aerobic stability of whole crop maize silage ensiled in air-stress Silos. Asian Austral J Anim 2003; 16(12): 1738-42.
  • Toruk F, Kayişoğlu B. Effect of applied vacuum of silage package machine on silage quality. J Agric Mach Sci 2008; 4(4): 355-60.
  • Turkish Standarts Institution (TSI). Animal feeds-determination of metabolizable energy (Chemical method). TS-9610. 1991. Turkey, 2-3.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hıdır Gümüş

Fatma Karakaş Oğuz This is me

Mustafa Numan Oğuz This is me

Kadir Emre Buğdaycı This is me

Eren Kuter This is me

Publication Date March 23, 2020
Submission Date April 8, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 17 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Gümüş, H., Karakaş Oğuz, F., Oğuz, M. N., Buğdaycı, K. E., et al. (2020). The Effects of Different Additives on the Fermentation and Physical Characteristics of Lenox Silage. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(1), 39-44. https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.697756
AMA Gümüş H, Karakaş Oğuz F, Oğuz MN, Buğdaycı KE, Kuter E. The Effects of Different Additives on the Fermentation and Physical Characteristics of Lenox Silage. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. March 2020;17(1):39-44. doi:10.32707/ercivet.697756
Chicago Gümüş, Hıdır, Fatma Karakaş Oğuz, Mustafa Numan Oğuz, Kadir Emre Buğdaycı, and Eren Kuter. “The Effects of Different Additives on the Fermentation and Physical Characteristics of Lenox Silage”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 17, no. 1 (March 2020): 39-44. https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.697756.
EndNote Gümüş H, Karakaş Oğuz F, Oğuz MN, Buğdaycı KE, Kuter E (March 1, 2020) The Effects of Different Additives on the Fermentation and Physical Characteristics of Lenox Silage. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 17 1 39–44.
IEEE H. Gümüş, F. Karakaş Oğuz, M. N. Oğuz, K. E. Buğdaycı, and E. Kuter, “The Effects of Different Additives on the Fermentation and Physical Characteristics of Lenox Silage”, Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 39–44, 2020, doi: 10.32707/ercivet.697756.
ISNAD Gümüş, Hıdır et al. “The Effects of Different Additives on the Fermentation and Physical Characteristics of Lenox Silage”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 17/1 (March 2020), 39-44. https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.697756.
JAMA Gümüş H, Karakaş Oğuz F, Oğuz MN, Buğdaycı KE, Kuter E. The Effects of Different Additives on the Fermentation and Physical Characteristics of Lenox Silage. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2020;17:39–44.
MLA Gümüş, Hıdır et al. “The Effects of Different Additives on the Fermentation and Physical Characteristics of Lenox Silage”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 17, no. 1, 2020, pp. 39-44, doi:10.32707/ercivet.697756.
Vancouver Gümüş H, Karakaş Oğuz F, Oğuz MN, Buğdaycı KE, Kuter E. The Effects of Different Additives on the Fermentation and Physical Characteristics of Lenox Silage. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2020;17(1):39-44.