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LIFE SATISFACTION AND HOPE LEVELS OF INDIVIDUALS WITH CHRONIC PAIN DUE TO KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS

Year 2023, Volume: 32 Issue: 3, 379 - 386, 04.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.34108/eujhs.1143683

Abstract

pain inflicted by knee osteoarthritis. This study, carried out between January and June 2022, in a state hospital with 239 individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Data were collected using the descriptive information form, visual analogue scale, State Hope Scale, and Life Satisfaction Scale. It was determined that the meanage of the participants was 56.10±9.09, 62.3% were female, 81.6% were single, 84.9% had an additional chronic disease, and 43.5% were in stage 4 according to the Kellgren-Lawrence classification. While the mean pain score of the participants was 6.53±1.61, and59.0% of them had severe pain. Theirmean life satisfactionscorewas 8.96±3.37 and the mean hope scale was 21.52±13.12. There was a weak positive correlation between age and pain (r=0.205, p<0.001), life satisfaction, and hope (r=0.371, p<0.001). Individual sexperience severe pain caused by osteoarthritis and this painin creases with age. A holistic approach should be provided with an interdisciplinary team in pain management. Considering that pain has a multidimensional relation ship not only with physiological but also with psychological variables, education and counseling services can be provided for these individuals. More studies are needed, especially on hope, with individuals with osteoarthritis.

References

  • Hunter DJ, Bierma-Zeinstra S. Osteoarthritis. Lancet 2019;393:1745-1759.
  • Goff AJ, De Oliveira Silva D, Merolli M, et al. Patient education improves pain and function in people with knee osteoarthritis with better effects when combined with exercise therapy: a systematic review. J Physiother 2021;67(3):177-189.
  • James SL, Abate D, Abate KH, et al. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 Diseases and Injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 2018;392(10159):1789-1858.
  • Gonçalves S, Gowler PRW, Woodhams SG, et al. The challenges of treating osteoarthritis pain and opportunities for novel peripherally directed therapeutic strategies. Neuropharmacology 2022;213:1-11.
  • Huang ER, Jonesb KD, Bennettb RM, Gordon C NH, Lyons KS. The Role of Spousal Relationships in Fibromyalgia Patients’ Quality of Life. Psychol Heal Med 2018;23(8):987-995.
  • Moretti EC, Araújo MEMV de, Campos AG, et al. Effects of pompage associated with aerobic exercises on pain, fatigue, and sleep quality in female patients with fibromyalgia: a pilot study. Fisioter e Pesqui 2016;23(3):227-233.
  • Schepman P, Thakkar S, Robinson R, et al. Moderate to Severe Osteoarthritis Pain and Its Impact on Patients in the United States: A National Survey. J Pain Res 2021;14:2313-2326.
  • Schild M, Müller U, von Schenck U, Prieur S, Miller R. The burden of chronic pain for patients with osteoarthritis in Germany: a retrospective cohort study of claims data. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021;22(1):1-10.
  • Ferreira VM, Sherman AM. The relationship of optimism, pain and social support to well-being in older adults with osteoarthritis. Aging Ment Health 2007;11(1):89-98.
  • Demir R, Tanhan A, Çiçek İ, et al. Yaşam Kalitesinin Yordayıcıları Olarak Psikolojik İyi Oluş ve Yaşam Doyumu. J Educ Life 2021;35(1):192-206.
  • Britt-Marie Stålnacke. Life satisfaction in patients with chronic pain – relation to pain intensity, disability, and psychological factors. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2011;7:683-689.
  • Özer Z, Bahçecioğlu Turan G, Atan G. Pain Management and Life Satisfaction In Elderly Individuals: A Single Centred Study. Clin Exp Heal Sci 2021;11:405-411.
  • Eliott J. Hope. In: Cobb M, Puchalski CM, Rumbold B (eds), Oxford Textbook of Spirituality in Healthcare, Oxford University Press, New York 2012; pp 25-32.
  • Ateş M, Fadıloğlu Ç. Palyatif bakımda umut ve umutsuzluk. Kitap: Yıldırım Y, Fadıloğlu Ç (editörler), Palyatif Bakım Semptom Yönetimi ve Yaşam Sonu Bakım, Ankara Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri, Ankara 2017; ss 197-201.
  • Cotter VT, Foxwell AM. The meaning of hope in the dying. In: Ferrell BR (eds), Spiritual, Religious, and Cultural Aspects of Care, Oxford University Press, New York 2016; pp 91-114.
  • Schiavon CC, Marchetti E, Gurgel LG, Busnello FM, Reppold CT. Optimism and hope in chronic disease: A systematic review. Front Psychol 2017;7:1-10.
  • DiGasbarro D, Midden A, VanHaitsma K, et al. Reliability and Validity of the Adult Hope Scale among Nursing Home Residents with and without Cognitive Impairment. Clin Gerontol 2020;43(3):340-349.
  • Bailey TC, Eng W, Frisch MB, Snyder CR. Hope and optimism as related to life satisfaction. The Journal of Positive Psychology 2007; 2(3):168-175.
  • Raats C, Adams S, Savahl S. et al. The Relationship Between Hope and Life Satisfaction Among Children in Low and Middle Socio-Economic Status Communities in Cape Town, South Africa. Child Ind Res 2019; 12:733-746.
  • Hoy BD, Suldo SM, Mendez LR. Links Between Parents’ and Children’s Levels of Gratitude, Life Satisfaction, and Hope. J Happiness Stud 2013; 14:1343-1361.
  • Yang Y, Zhang M, Kou Y. Self-compassion and life satisfaction: The mediating role of hope. Personality and Individual Differences 2016; 98:91-95.
  • Kardas F, Cam Z, Eskısu M, Gelibolu, S. Gratitude, Hope, Optimism and Life Satisfaction as Predictors of Psychological Well-Being. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research 2019;19(82):81-100.
  • Jafari E, Najafi M, Sohrabi F, et al. Life satisfaction, spirituality well-being and hope in cancer patients. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 2010; 5:1362-1366.
  • Rustøen T, Cooper, BA, Miaskowski C. The Importance of Hope as a Mediator of Psychological Distress and Life Satisfaction in a Community Sample of Cancer Patients. Cancer Nursing 2010; 33(4):258-267.
  • Kane RL, Bershadsky B, Rockwood T, Saleh K, Islam NC. Visual Analog Scale pain reporting was standardized. J Clin Epidemiol 2005;58(6):618-623.
  • Snyder C, Harris C, Anderson J, et al. The will and the ways: development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope. J Pers Soc Psychol 1991;60(4):570-585.
  • Tarhan S, Bacanlı H. Adaptation of dispositional hope scale into Turkish : Validity and reliability study. J Happiness&Well-Being 2015;3(1):1-14.
  • Diener E, Emmons RA, Larsem RJ, Griffin S. The Satisfaction With Life Scale. J Person Assess 1985;49(1):71-75.
  • Köker S. Normal ve Sorunlu Ergenlerin Yaşam Doyumu Düzeylerinin Karşılaştırılması, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara, Türkiye, 1991.
  • Sharma L. Osteoarthritis year in review 2015: clinical. Osteoarthr Cartilage 2016;24:36-48.
  • Elboim-Gabyzon M, Rozen N, Laufer Y. Gender differences in pain perception and functional ability in subjects with knee osteoarthritis. Int Scholar Res Notice 2012; 413105:1-4.
  • Silva A, Serrão PR, Driusso P, Mattiello SM. The effects of therapeutic exercise on the balance of women with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review. Rev Bras Fisioter 2012;16(1):1-9.
  • Sanghi D, Srivastava RN, Singh A, et al. The association of anthropometric measures and osteoarthritis knee in non-obese subjects: a cross sectional study. Clinics 2011;66: 275-279.
  • Tas S, Guneri S, Baki A, et al. Effects of severity of osteoarthritis on the temporospatial gait parameters in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2014;48(6):635-641.
  • Bozkurt M, Akkaya M. (2016). Dizde Artroz Gelişimi ve Fizyopatolojisi. J Turkiye Klinikleri Orthopaedics 2016; 9(3):18-23.
  • Loeser RF. Aging processes and the development of osteoarthritis. Current opinion in rheumatology 2013; 25(1):108.
  • Güneş S, Erdoğan BD, Kutlay Ş, Küçükdeveci AA. Quality of Life in Osteoarthritis: Relationship with Demographic and Clinical Variables. Turk Osteoporoz Derg 2022;28(1):55-60.
  • Odole A, Ekediegwu E, Ekechukwu END, Uchenwoke C. Correlates and predictors of pain intensity and physical function among individuals with chronic knee osteoarthritis in Nigeria. Musculoskeletal Sci and Pract 2019;39:150-156.
  • Grol-Prokopczyk, H. Sociodemographic disparities in chronic pain, based on 12-year longitudinal data. Pain 2017;158(2):313.
  • Kaiho Y, Sugawara Y, Sugiyama K, et al. Impact of pain on incident risk of disability in elderly Japanese: cause-specific analysis. Anesthesiology 2017;126:688-696.
  • Makino K, Lee S, Bae S, et al. Pain characteristics and incidence of functional disability among community-dwelling older adults. PLoS ONE 2019; 14(4).
  • Çilingir D, Bulut E. Yaşlı Bireylerde Ağrıya Yaklaşım. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2017;20(2):144-153.
  • Aşkın A, Özkan A, Tosun A, Demirdal ÜS İsnaç F. Quality of life and functional capacity are adversely affected in osteoarthritis patients with neuropathic pain. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2017;33(3):152-158.
  • Beaudart C, Biver E, Bruyere O, et al. Assessment of quality of life in musculo-skeletal health. Aging Clin Exp Res 2018; 30(5):413-418.
  • Demir R, Tanhan A, Çiçek İ, et al. Yaşam kalitesinin yordayıcıları olarak psikolojik iyi oluş ve yaşam doyumu. Yaşadıkça Eğitim 2021;35(1):192-206.
  • Wang Y, Lombard C, Hussain SM, et al. Effect of a low-intensity, self-management lifestyle intervention on knee pain in community-based young to middle-aged rural women: A cluster randomised controlled trial. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20(1):1-9.
  • Xie Y, Yu Y, Wang JX, et al. Health-related quality of life and its influencing factors in Chinese with knee osteoarthritis. Quality Life Res 2020; 29(9):2395-2402.
  • Hu SXX, Lei WI, Chao KK, Hall BJ, Chung SF. Common chronic health problems and life satisfaction among Macau elderly people. Int J Nurs Sci 2016; 3(4):367-370.
  • Vargas e Silva NCDO, Cardoso TDSG, et al. Pain, disability and catastrophizing in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. BrJP 2020; 3:322-327.
  • Wallis JA, Taylor NF, Bunzli S, Shields N. Experience of living with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review of qualitative studies. BMJ open 2019; 9(9):e030060.
  • Klässbo M, Nordström K, Nyberg LA, Kristiansson P, Wadensjö HV. I exercise to postpone death–Interviews with persons with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis who are attending an osteoarthritis school. Physiother Theory Pract 2021;38(11):1-16.

DİZ OSTEOARTRİTİ NEDENİYLE KRONİK AĞRI YAŞAYAN BİREYLERİN YAŞAM DOYUMU VE UMUT DÜZEYLERİ

Year 2023, Volume: 32 Issue: 3, 379 - 386, 04.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.34108/eujhs.1143683

Abstract

Bu araştırma diz osteoartriti nedeniyle kronik ağrı yaşayan bireylerin umut ve yaşam doyumu düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Ocak-Haziran 2022 tarihleri arasında yapılan bu çalışma bir ilin devlet hastanesinde 239 diz osteoartritli bireyle yürütülmüştür. Veriler, tanıtıcı bilgi formu, Vizüel Analog Skala, Sürekli Umut Ölçeği ve Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Bireylerin yaş ortalamasının 56.10±9.09 olduğu, %62.3'ünün kadın, %81.6’sının bekar, %84.9’unun ek bir kronik hastalığının olduğu ve Kellgren- Lawrence sınıflamasına göre %43.5’inin 4. evrede olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bireylerin yaşadığı ağrı ortalaması 6.53±1.61 iken %59.0’u şiddetli ağrı hissettiklerini ifade etmişlerdir. Bireylerin yaşam doyumu puan ortalaması 8.96±3.37 ve sürekli umut ölçeği puan ortalaması 21.52±13.12 idi. Yaş ve ağrı (r=0.205, p<0.001), yaşam doyumu ve umut (r=0.371, p<0.001), arasında pozitif yönde düşük düzeyde bir korelasyon olduğu belirlenmiştir. Osteoartrit nedeniyle bireyler yoğun ağrı yaşamakta ve bu ağrı yaşla birlikte artış göstermektedir. Bu bireylerde ağrı yönetiminde multidisipliner ekip ile bütüncül yaklaşım sağlanmalıdır. Ağrının sadece fizyolojik değil psikolojik değişkenlerle de çok yönlü ilişkisi olduğu göz önünde bulundurularak bu bireylere eğitim ve danışmanlık hizmeti verilebilir. Osteoartritli bireylerle başta umut konusunda olmak üzere daha fazla çalışma yapılmasına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

References

  • Hunter DJ, Bierma-Zeinstra S. Osteoarthritis. Lancet 2019;393:1745-1759.
  • Goff AJ, De Oliveira Silva D, Merolli M, et al. Patient education improves pain and function in people with knee osteoarthritis with better effects when combined with exercise therapy: a systematic review. J Physiother 2021;67(3):177-189.
  • James SL, Abate D, Abate KH, et al. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 Diseases and Injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 2018;392(10159):1789-1858.
  • Gonçalves S, Gowler PRW, Woodhams SG, et al. The challenges of treating osteoarthritis pain and opportunities for novel peripherally directed therapeutic strategies. Neuropharmacology 2022;213:1-11.
  • Huang ER, Jonesb KD, Bennettb RM, Gordon C NH, Lyons KS. The Role of Spousal Relationships in Fibromyalgia Patients’ Quality of Life. Psychol Heal Med 2018;23(8):987-995.
  • Moretti EC, Araújo MEMV de, Campos AG, et al. Effects of pompage associated with aerobic exercises on pain, fatigue, and sleep quality in female patients with fibromyalgia: a pilot study. Fisioter e Pesqui 2016;23(3):227-233.
  • Schepman P, Thakkar S, Robinson R, et al. Moderate to Severe Osteoarthritis Pain and Its Impact on Patients in the United States: A National Survey. J Pain Res 2021;14:2313-2326.
  • Schild M, Müller U, von Schenck U, Prieur S, Miller R. The burden of chronic pain for patients with osteoarthritis in Germany: a retrospective cohort study of claims data. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021;22(1):1-10.
  • Ferreira VM, Sherman AM. The relationship of optimism, pain and social support to well-being in older adults with osteoarthritis. Aging Ment Health 2007;11(1):89-98.
  • Demir R, Tanhan A, Çiçek İ, et al. Yaşam Kalitesinin Yordayıcıları Olarak Psikolojik İyi Oluş ve Yaşam Doyumu. J Educ Life 2021;35(1):192-206.
  • Britt-Marie Stålnacke. Life satisfaction in patients with chronic pain – relation to pain intensity, disability, and psychological factors. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2011;7:683-689.
  • Özer Z, Bahçecioğlu Turan G, Atan G. Pain Management and Life Satisfaction In Elderly Individuals: A Single Centred Study. Clin Exp Heal Sci 2021;11:405-411.
  • Eliott J. Hope. In: Cobb M, Puchalski CM, Rumbold B (eds), Oxford Textbook of Spirituality in Healthcare, Oxford University Press, New York 2012; pp 25-32.
  • Ateş M, Fadıloğlu Ç. Palyatif bakımda umut ve umutsuzluk. Kitap: Yıldırım Y, Fadıloğlu Ç (editörler), Palyatif Bakım Semptom Yönetimi ve Yaşam Sonu Bakım, Ankara Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri, Ankara 2017; ss 197-201.
  • Cotter VT, Foxwell AM. The meaning of hope in the dying. In: Ferrell BR (eds), Spiritual, Religious, and Cultural Aspects of Care, Oxford University Press, New York 2016; pp 91-114.
  • Schiavon CC, Marchetti E, Gurgel LG, Busnello FM, Reppold CT. Optimism and hope in chronic disease: A systematic review. Front Psychol 2017;7:1-10.
  • DiGasbarro D, Midden A, VanHaitsma K, et al. Reliability and Validity of the Adult Hope Scale among Nursing Home Residents with and without Cognitive Impairment. Clin Gerontol 2020;43(3):340-349.
  • Bailey TC, Eng W, Frisch MB, Snyder CR. Hope and optimism as related to life satisfaction. The Journal of Positive Psychology 2007; 2(3):168-175.
  • Raats C, Adams S, Savahl S. et al. The Relationship Between Hope and Life Satisfaction Among Children in Low and Middle Socio-Economic Status Communities in Cape Town, South Africa. Child Ind Res 2019; 12:733-746.
  • Hoy BD, Suldo SM, Mendez LR. Links Between Parents’ and Children’s Levels of Gratitude, Life Satisfaction, and Hope. J Happiness Stud 2013; 14:1343-1361.
  • Yang Y, Zhang M, Kou Y. Self-compassion and life satisfaction: The mediating role of hope. Personality and Individual Differences 2016; 98:91-95.
  • Kardas F, Cam Z, Eskısu M, Gelibolu, S. Gratitude, Hope, Optimism and Life Satisfaction as Predictors of Psychological Well-Being. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research 2019;19(82):81-100.
  • Jafari E, Najafi M, Sohrabi F, et al. Life satisfaction, spirituality well-being and hope in cancer patients. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 2010; 5:1362-1366.
  • Rustøen T, Cooper, BA, Miaskowski C. The Importance of Hope as a Mediator of Psychological Distress and Life Satisfaction in a Community Sample of Cancer Patients. Cancer Nursing 2010; 33(4):258-267.
  • Kane RL, Bershadsky B, Rockwood T, Saleh K, Islam NC. Visual Analog Scale pain reporting was standardized. J Clin Epidemiol 2005;58(6):618-623.
  • Snyder C, Harris C, Anderson J, et al. The will and the ways: development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope. J Pers Soc Psychol 1991;60(4):570-585.
  • Tarhan S, Bacanlı H. Adaptation of dispositional hope scale into Turkish : Validity and reliability study. J Happiness&Well-Being 2015;3(1):1-14.
  • Diener E, Emmons RA, Larsem RJ, Griffin S. The Satisfaction With Life Scale. J Person Assess 1985;49(1):71-75.
  • Köker S. Normal ve Sorunlu Ergenlerin Yaşam Doyumu Düzeylerinin Karşılaştırılması, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara, Türkiye, 1991.
  • Sharma L. Osteoarthritis year in review 2015: clinical. Osteoarthr Cartilage 2016;24:36-48.
  • Elboim-Gabyzon M, Rozen N, Laufer Y. Gender differences in pain perception and functional ability in subjects with knee osteoarthritis. Int Scholar Res Notice 2012; 413105:1-4.
  • Silva A, Serrão PR, Driusso P, Mattiello SM. The effects of therapeutic exercise on the balance of women with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review. Rev Bras Fisioter 2012;16(1):1-9.
  • Sanghi D, Srivastava RN, Singh A, et al. The association of anthropometric measures and osteoarthritis knee in non-obese subjects: a cross sectional study. Clinics 2011;66: 275-279.
  • Tas S, Guneri S, Baki A, et al. Effects of severity of osteoarthritis on the temporospatial gait parameters in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2014;48(6):635-641.
  • Bozkurt M, Akkaya M. (2016). Dizde Artroz Gelişimi ve Fizyopatolojisi. J Turkiye Klinikleri Orthopaedics 2016; 9(3):18-23.
  • Loeser RF. Aging processes and the development of osteoarthritis. Current opinion in rheumatology 2013; 25(1):108.
  • Güneş S, Erdoğan BD, Kutlay Ş, Küçükdeveci AA. Quality of Life in Osteoarthritis: Relationship with Demographic and Clinical Variables. Turk Osteoporoz Derg 2022;28(1):55-60.
  • Odole A, Ekediegwu E, Ekechukwu END, Uchenwoke C. Correlates and predictors of pain intensity and physical function among individuals with chronic knee osteoarthritis in Nigeria. Musculoskeletal Sci and Pract 2019;39:150-156.
  • Grol-Prokopczyk, H. Sociodemographic disparities in chronic pain, based on 12-year longitudinal data. Pain 2017;158(2):313.
  • Kaiho Y, Sugawara Y, Sugiyama K, et al. Impact of pain on incident risk of disability in elderly Japanese: cause-specific analysis. Anesthesiology 2017;126:688-696.
  • Makino K, Lee S, Bae S, et al. Pain characteristics and incidence of functional disability among community-dwelling older adults. PLoS ONE 2019; 14(4).
  • Çilingir D, Bulut E. Yaşlı Bireylerde Ağrıya Yaklaşım. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2017;20(2):144-153.
  • Aşkın A, Özkan A, Tosun A, Demirdal ÜS İsnaç F. Quality of life and functional capacity are adversely affected in osteoarthritis patients with neuropathic pain. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2017;33(3):152-158.
  • Beaudart C, Biver E, Bruyere O, et al. Assessment of quality of life in musculo-skeletal health. Aging Clin Exp Res 2018; 30(5):413-418.
  • Demir R, Tanhan A, Çiçek İ, et al. Yaşam kalitesinin yordayıcıları olarak psikolojik iyi oluş ve yaşam doyumu. Yaşadıkça Eğitim 2021;35(1):192-206.
  • Wang Y, Lombard C, Hussain SM, et al. Effect of a low-intensity, self-management lifestyle intervention on knee pain in community-based young to middle-aged rural women: A cluster randomised controlled trial. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20(1):1-9.
  • Xie Y, Yu Y, Wang JX, et al. Health-related quality of life and its influencing factors in Chinese with knee osteoarthritis. Quality Life Res 2020; 29(9):2395-2402.
  • Hu SXX, Lei WI, Chao KK, Hall BJ, Chung SF. Common chronic health problems and life satisfaction among Macau elderly people. Int J Nurs Sci 2016; 3(4):367-370.
  • Vargas e Silva NCDO, Cardoso TDSG, et al. Pain, disability and catastrophizing in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. BrJP 2020; 3:322-327.
  • Wallis JA, Taylor NF, Bunzli S, Shields N. Experience of living with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review of qualitative studies. BMJ open 2019; 9(9):e030060.
  • Klässbo M, Nordström K, Nyberg LA, Kristiansson P, Wadensjö HV. I exercise to postpone death–Interviews with persons with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis who are attending an osteoarthritis school. Physiother Theory Pract 2021;38(11):1-16.
There are 51 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Nursing
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Hatice Yüceler Kaçmaz 0000-0003-4529-1991

Gülhan Küçük Öztürk 0000-0002-9220-6051

Ramazan İlter Öztürk 0000-0003-0399-2415

Early Pub Date November 3, 2023
Publication Date December 4, 2023
Submission Date July 14, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 32 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Yüceler Kaçmaz, H., Küçük Öztürk, G., & Öztürk, R. İ. (2023). DİZ OSTEOARTRİTİ NEDENİYLE KRONİK AĞRI YAŞAYAN BİREYLERİN YAŞAM DOYUMU VE UMUT DÜZEYLERİ. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 32(3), 379-386. https://doi.org/10.34108/eujhs.1143683
AMA Yüceler Kaçmaz H, Küçük Öztürk G, Öztürk Rİ. DİZ OSTEOARTRİTİ NEDENİYLE KRONİK AĞRI YAŞAYAN BİREYLERİN YAŞAM DOYUMU VE UMUT DÜZEYLERİ. JHS. December 2023;32(3):379-386. doi:10.34108/eujhs.1143683
Chicago Yüceler Kaçmaz, Hatice, Gülhan Küçük Öztürk, and Ramazan İlter Öztürk. “DİZ OSTEOARTRİTİ NEDENİYLE KRONİK AĞRI YAŞAYAN BİREYLERİN YAŞAM DOYUMU VE UMUT DÜZEYLERİ”. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 32, no. 3 (December 2023): 379-86. https://doi.org/10.34108/eujhs.1143683.
EndNote Yüceler Kaçmaz H, Küçük Öztürk G, Öztürk Rİ (December 1, 2023) DİZ OSTEOARTRİTİ NEDENİYLE KRONİK AĞRI YAŞAYAN BİREYLERİN YAŞAM DOYUMU VE UMUT DÜZEYLERİ. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 32 3 379–386.
IEEE H. Yüceler Kaçmaz, G. Küçük Öztürk, and R. İ. Öztürk, “DİZ OSTEOARTRİTİ NEDENİYLE KRONİK AĞRI YAŞAYAN BİREYLERİN YAŞAM DOYUMU VE UMUT DÜZEYLERİ”, JHS, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 379–386, 2023, doi: 10.34108/eujhs.1143683.
ISNAD Yüceler Kaçmaz, Hatice et al. “DİZ OSTEOARTRİTİ NEDENİYLE KRONİK AĞRI YAŞAYAN BİREYLERİN YAŞAM DOYUMU VE UMUT DÜZEYLERİ”. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 32/3 (December 2023), 379-386. https://doi.org/10.34108/eujhs.1143683.
JAMA Yüceler Kaçmaz H, Küçük Öztürk G, Öztürk Rİ. DİZ OSTEOARTRİTİ NEDENİYLE KRONİK AĞRI YAŞAYAN BİREYLERİN YAŞAM DOYUMU VE UMUT DÜZEYLERİ. JHS. 2023;32:379–386.
MLA Yüceler Kaçmaz, Hatice et al. “DİZ OSTEOARTRİTİ NEDENİYLE KRONİK AĞRI YAŞAYAN BİREYLERİN YAŞAM DOYUMU VE UMUT DÜZEYLERİ”. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 32, no. 3, 2023, pp. 379-86, doi:10.34108/eujhs.1143683.
Vancouver Yüceler Kaçmaz H, Küçük Öztürk G, Öztürk Rİ. DİZ OSTEOARTRİTİ NEDENİYLE KRONİK AĞRI YAŞAYAN BİREYLERİN YAŞAM DOYUMU VE UMUT DÜZEYLERİ. JHS. 2023;32(3):379-86.