Research Article
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The Effect of Fluoride Toxication on Duodenum, Jejunum and Ileum of Broilers

Year 2018, Volume: 15 Issue: 2, 34 - 39, 25.12.2018

Abstract

The aim of
this study is to evaluate the effect of fluoride toxication on the contraction
and histopathological changes of duodenum, jejunum and ileum of broiler
chicken. A total of 80 Ross 308 one-day-old male chicks assigned to 2 treatment
groups with 4 replicates of 10 birds per replicated. 1st group was control
group and the second group was a fluoride toxicated group, which was given 800
mg / kg flouride with the diet. Between 42 and 49 days of the study, randomly 3
chickens were chosen from each replicate group. Therefore totally 24 chickens
were used to determine the contractile activity and examine the
histopathological changes in the intestine. The broilers were decapitated and
the duodenum, jejunum and ileum preparations were isolated, and mounted under 1
g of basal tension at isolated organ bath. The acetylcholine contractions were
examined. There were no significant difference in the contraction of jejunum
and ileum preparations, but the duodenum contractions were significantly
decreased in fluoride given group as compared to control group, and in fluoride
given group 7 of 13 duodenal samples showed no response to ACh.
Microscopically; duodenal villus height / villus width ratio was 3.88 in
fluoride group, while 6.84 in the control group. This significant ratio
difference showed that fluoride could have a toxic effect caused by the villi
thickness with severe mononuclear cell infiltration, hyperplasia of the
lymphoid follicles and mild haemorrhagia in lamina propria. However there were
no histopathological changes in jejunum and ileum between fluoride and control
groups. These histopathological results were supported by the pharmacological
findings. It is concluded that fluoride toxication affected the duodenal
contractions and caused histopathological changes on the normal villus
structure of duodenum in the broiler chicken.

References

  • Cronin, S., Manoharan, V., Hedley, M. and Loganathan P., 2000. Fluoride: A review of its fate, bioavailability, and risks of fluorosis in grazed‐pasture systems in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 43(3):295-321.
  • Dhar, V., Bhatnagar, M., 2009. Physiology and toxicity of fluoride. Indian Journal of Dental Research, 20(3):350.
  • Shupe, JL., Olson AE., Sharma, R.,1972. Fluoride toxicity in domestic and wild animals. Clinical toxicology, 5(2):195-213.
  • Whelton, HP., Ketley, CE., McSweeney, F., and O'mullane, DM., 2004. A review of fluorosis in the European Union: prevalence, risk factors and aesthetic issues. Community dentistry and oral epidemiology, 32(s1):9-18.
  • Khairnar, MR., Dodamani, AS., Jadhav, HC., Naik, RG., and Deshmukh MA., 2015. Mitigation of fluorosis-a review. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR, 9(6):ZE05.
  • Choi, AL., Sun, G., Zhang, Y., Grandjean, P., 2012. Developmental fluoride neurotoxicity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Environmental health perspectives, 120(10):1362.
  • Shivarajashankara, Y., Shivashankara, A., Bhat, PG., Rao, SH., 2001. Effect of fluoride intoxication on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant systems in rats. Fluoride, 34(2):108-13.
  • Buzalaf, CP., de Lima Leite, A., Buzalaf, MAR., 2015. Fluoride metabolism. In: Preedy VR, editor. Fluorine: Chemistry, Analysis, Function and Effects. Food and Nutritional Components in Focus No. 6 UK: The Royal Society of Chemistry, p. 54-72.
  • Liu, J., Cui, H., Peng, X., Fang, J., Zuo, Z., Wang, H., 2013. Dietary high fluorine induces apoptosis and alters Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 protein expression in the cecal tonsil lymphocytes of broilers. Biological trace element research, 152(1):25-30.
  • Dasarathy, S., Das, TK., Gupta, IP., Susheela, AK., Tandon, RK., 1996. Gastroduodenal manifestations in patients with skeletal fluorosis. Journal of gastroenterology, 31(3):333-7.
  • Luo, Q., Cui, H., Peng, X., Fang, J., Zuo, Z., Liu, J., 2012. Intestinal oxidative stress in broilers caused by high dietary fluorine. Fluoride, 45(4):349-56.
  • Gharzouli, K., Amira, S., Khennouf, S., Gharzouli, A., 2000. Effects of sodium fluoride on water and acid secretion, soluble mucus and adherent mucus of the rat stomach. Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 14(6):493-8.
  • Girgis, G., Barta, J., Brash, M., Smith, T., 2010. Morphologic changes in the intestine of broiler breeder pullets fed diets naturally contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins with or without coccidial challenge. Avian diseases, 54(1):67-73.
  • Bulbul, T,, Bozkurt, Z., Ulutas, E,, Yilmaz, O,, Bulbul, A., 2013. The effect of L-arginine on growth performance, some serum biochemical parameters and duodenal motility in broilers. Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 19(5):821-7.
  • Klasing, KC., 1998. Comparative avian nutrition: Cab International.
  • Gayer, CP., Basson, MD., 2009. The effects of mechanical forces on intestinal physiology and pathology. Cellular signalling, 21(8):1237-44.
  • Vantrappen, G., Janssens, J., Coremans, G., Jian, R., 1986. Gastrointestinal motility disorders. Digestive diseases and sciences, 31(9):5-25.
  • Nopakun, J., Messer, HH., Voller, V., 1989. Fluoride absorption from the gastrointestinal tract of rats. The Journal of nutrition, 119(10):1411-7.
  • Pain GN., 2017. Pain in the Gut Fluoride Damage to the Gastrointestinal Tract.
  • Ohama, T., Hori, M., Ozaki, H., 2007. Mechanism of abnormal intestinal motility in inflammatory bowel disease: how smooth muscle contraction is reduced? Journal of Smooth Muscle Research, 43(2):43-54.
  • Ozaki, H., Hori, M., Kinoshita, K., Ohama, T., 2005. Intestinal dysmotility in inflammatory bowel disease: mechanisms of the reduced activity of smooth muscle contraction. Inflammopharmacology, 13(1):103-11.
  • Vermillion, DL., Huizinga, JD., Riddell, RH., Collins SM., 1993. Altered small intestinal smooth muscle function in Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology, 104(6):1692-9.
  • Follin-Arbelet, B., Moum, B., 2016. Fluoride: a risk factor for inflammatory bowel disease? Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology, 51(9):1019-24.
  • Luo, Q., Cui, H., Peng, X., Fang, J., Zuo, Z., Deng, J., 2013. Suppressive effects of dietary high fluorine on the intestinal development in broilers. Biological trace element research, 156(1-3):153-65.
  • Svihus B., 2014. Function of the digestive system1. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 23(2):306-14. doi: 10.3382/japr.2014-00937.
  • Yildirim, E., Aktuna, Z., Yalcinkaya, I., Eraslan, G., Kanbur, M., Aydos, TR., 2013. The Smooth Muscle Contractılıty in Aflatoxıcated Broıler Chıcken Ileum. Fresenıus Envı

Broylerlerde Florür Toksikasyonunun Duodenum, Jejunum ve Ileum üzerine Etkisi

Year 2018, Volume: 15 Issue: 2, 34 - 39, 25.12.2018

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, broylerlerde duodenum, jejunum, ileumun
kasılmaları ve histopatolojik değişiklikleri üzerine flor toksisitesinin
etkisini araştırmaktır. Araştırmada kontrol ve deney grubu olmak üzere 1
günlük, 80 adet erkek Ross 308 erkek civciv kullanılmıştır. Araştırma grupları,  canlı ağırlıkları eşit ve her birinde 10 adet
hayvan olacak şekilde 4 tekrarlı 2 gruba ayrılmıştır. İlk grup kontrol grubu,
ikinci grup ise rasyonlarına 800 mg/kg dozda flor katılarak toksikasyon
oluşturulan fluoride verilen gruptur. 
Çalışmanın 42 ile 49. günleri arası her bir tekrar grubundan rastgele 3
adet tavuk seçilmiştir. Sonuç olarak deneyde toplam 24 adet broyler, bağırsak
kasılma aktivitesini ve histopatolojik değişiklikleri belirlemek için dekapite
edilmiştir. Ardından duodenum, jejunum, ileum dokuları izole edilip, izole
organ banyosunda 1 g ön gerim ile asılarak, asetilkolin (Ach) kasılmaları incelenmiştir.
Jejunum ve ileum preparasyonlarının kasılmasında anlamlı bir fark
bulunmamıştır. Ancak kontrol grubuna göre duodenum kontraksiyonları flor
verilen grupta anlamlı olarak azalmıştır ve flor verilen grupta 13 duodenal
örneğinden 7'si ACh'ye yanıt göstermemiştir. 
Mikroskobik incelemede; duodenal villus yüksekliği / villus genişlik
oranı flor grubunda 3.88 iken kontrol grubunda bu oran 6.84 dir. Bu anlamlı
oran farkı, florid toksik etkisinin, ciddi mononükleer hücre infiltrasyonu ile
villi kalınlaşmasına, lenfoid foliküllerin hiperplazisi ve lamina propriada
hafif hemorajiye neden olabileceğini göstermiştir. Ancak, flor ve kontrol
grupları arasında jejunum ve ileumda histopatolojik değişiklik olmamıştır. Bu
histopatolojik sonuçlar farmakolojik bulguları desteklemektedir. Florür
toksisitesinin broylerlerde duodenal kasılmaları etkilediği ve duodenumun
normal villus yapısında histopatolojik değişikliklere neden olduğu sonucuna
varılmıştır. 

References

  • Cronin, S., Manoharan, V., Hedley, M. and Loganathan P., 2000. Fluoride: A review of its fate, bioavailability, and risks of fluorosis in grazed‐pasture systems in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 43(3):295-321.
  • Dhar, V., Bhatnagar, M., 2009. Physiology and toxicity of fluoride. Indian Journal of Dental Research, 20(3):350.
  • Shupe, JL., Olson AE., Sharma, R.,1972. Fluoride toxicity in domestic and wild animals. Clinical toxicology, 5(2):195-213.
  • Whelton, HP., Ketley, CE., McSweeney, F., and O'mullane, DM., 2004. A review of fluorosis in the European Union: prevalence, risk factors and aesthetic issues. Community dentistry and oral epidemiology, 32(s1):9-18.
  • Khairnar, MR., Dodamani, AS., Jadhav, HC., Naik, RG., and Deshmukh MA., 2015. Mitigation of fluorosis-a review. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR, 9(6):ZE05.
  • Choi, AL., Sun, G., Zhang, Y., Grandjean, P., 2012. Developmental fluoride neurotoxicity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Environmental health perspectives, 120(10):1362.
  • Shivarajashankara, Y., Shivashankara, A., Bhat, PG., Rao, SH., 2001. Effect of fluoride intoxication on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant systems in rats. Fluoride, 34(2):108-13.
  • Buzalaf, CP., de Lima Leite, A., Buzalaf, MAR., 2015. Fluoride metabolism. In: Preedy VR, editor. Fluorine: Chemistry, Analysis, Function and Effects. Food and Nutritional Components in Focus No. 6 UK: The Royal Society of Chemistry, p. 54-72.
  • Liu, J., Cui, H., Peng, X., Fang, J., Zuo, Z., Wang, H., 2013. Dietary high fluorine induces apoptosis and alters Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 protein expression in the cecal tonsil lymphocytes of broilers. Biological trace element research, 152(1):25-30.
  • Dasarathy, S., Das, TK., Gupta, IP., Susheela, AK., Tandon, RK., 1996. Gastroduodenal manifestations in patients with skeletal fluorosis. Journal of gastroenterology, 31(3):333-7.
  • Luo, Q., Cui, H., Peng, X., Fang, J., Zuo, Z., Liu, J., 2012. Intestinal oxidative stress in broilers caused by high dietary fluorine. Fluoride, 45(4):349-56.
  • Gharzouli, K., Amira, S., Khennouf, S., Gharzouli, A., 2000. Effects of sodium fluoride on water and acid secretion, soluble mucus and adherent mucus of the rat stomach. Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 14(6):493-8.
  • Girgis, G., Barta, J., Brash, M., Smith, T., 2010. Morphologic changes in the intestine of broiler breeder pullets fed diets naturally contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins with or without coccidial challenge. Avian diseases, 54(1):67-73.
  • Bulbul, T,, Bozkurt, Z., Ulutas, E,, Yilmaz, O,, Bulbul, A., 2013. The effect of L-arginine on growth performance, some serum biochemical parameters and duodenal motility in broilers. Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 19(5):821-7.
  • Klasing, KC., 1998. Comparative avian nutrition: Cab International.
  • Gayer, CP., Basson, MD., 2009. The effects of mechanical forces on intestinal physiology and pathology. Cellular signalling, 21(8):1237-44.
  • Vantrappen, G., Janssens, J., Coremans, G., Jian, R., 1986. Gastrointestinal motility disorders. Digestive diseases and sciences, 31(9):5-25.
  • Nopakun, J., Messer, HH., Voller, V., 1989. Fluoride absorption from the gastrointestinal tract of rats. The Journal of nutrition, 119(10):1411-7.
  • Pain GN., 2017. Pain in the Gut Fluoride Damage to the Gastrointestinal Tract.
  • Ohama, T., Hori, M., Ozaki, H., 2007. Mechanism of abnormal intestinal motility in inflammatory bowel disease: how smooth muscle contraction is reduced? Journal of Smooth Muscle Research, 43(2):43-54.
  • Ozaki, H., Hori, M., Kinoshita, K., Ohama, T., 2005. Intestinal dysmotility in inflammatory bowel disease: mechanisms of the reduced activity of smooth muscle contraction. Inflammopharmacology, 13(1):103-11.
  • Vermillion, DL., Huizinga, JD., Riddell, RH., Collins SM., 1993. Altered small intestinal smooth muscle function in Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology, 104(6):1692-9.
  • Follin-Arbelet, B., Moum, B., 2016. Fluoride: a risk factor for inflammatory bowel disease? Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology, 51(9):1019-24.
  • Luo, Q., Cui, H., Peng, X., Fang, J., Zuo, Z., Deng, J., 2013. Suppressive effects of dietary high fluorine on the intestinal development in broilers. Biological trace element research, 156(1-3):153-65.
  • Svihus B., 2014. Function of the digestive system1. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 23(2):306-14. doi: 10.3382/japr.2014-00937.
  • Yildirim, E., Aktuna, Z., Yalcinkaya, I., Eraslan, G., Kanbur, M., Aydos, TR., 2013. The Smooth Muscle Contractılıty in Aflatoxıcated Broıler Chıcken Ileum. Fresenıus Envı
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

İlkay Yalçınkaya Aydoğan

Ebru Yıldırım

Ruhi Kabakçı

Tugçe Sümer This is me

Publication Date December 25, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 15 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yalçınkaya Aydoğan, İ., Yıldırım, E., Kabakçı, R., Sümer, T. (2018). The Effect of Fluoride Toxication on Duodenum, Jejunum and Ileum of Broilers. Journal of Poultry Research, 15(2), 34-39.
AMA Yalçınkaya Aydoğan İ, Yıldırım E, Kabakçı R, Sümer T. The Effect of Fluoride Toxication on Duodenum, Jejunum and Ileum of Broilers. JPR. December 2018;15(2):34-39.
Chicago Yalçınkaya Aydoğan, İlkay, Ebru Yıldırım, Ruhi Kabakçı, and Tugçe Sümer. “The Effect of Fluoride Toxication on Duodenum, Jejunum and Ileum of Broilers”. Journal of Poultry Research 15, no. 2 (December 2018): 34-39.
EndNote Yalçınkaya Aydoğan İ, Yıldırım E, Kabakçı R, Sümer T (December 1, 2018) The Effect of Fluoride Toxication on Duodenum, Jejunum and Ileum of Broilers. Journal of Poultry Research 15 2 34–39.
IEEE İ. Yalçınkaya Aydoğan, E. Yıldırım, R. Kabakçı, and T. Sümer, “The Effect of Fluoride Toxication on Duodenum, Jejunum and Ileum of Broilers”, JPR, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 34–39, 2018.
ISNAD Yalçınkaya Aydoğan, İlkay et al. “The Effect of Fluoride Toxication on Duodenum, Jejunum and Ileum of Broilers”. Journal of Poultry Research 15/2 (December 2018), 34-39.
JAMA Yalçınkaya Aydoğan İ, Yıldırım E, Kabakçı R, Sümer T. The Effect of Fluoride Toxication on Duodenum, Jejunum and Ileum of Broilers. JPR. 2018;15:34–39.
MLA Yalçınkaya Aydoğan, İlkay et al. “The Effect of Fluoride Toxication on Duodenum, Jejunum and Ileum of Broilers”. Journal of Poultry Research, vol. 15, no. 2, 2018, pp. 34-39.
Vancouver Yalçınkaya Aydoğan İ, Yıldırım E, Kabakçı R, Sümer T. The Effect of Fluoride Toxication on Duodenum, Jejunum and Ileum of Broilers. JPR. 2018;15(2):34-9.

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