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Investigation of Q Fever Seroprevalence in Cattle in Turkey

Year 2021, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 98 - 102, 05.01.2021
https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.840429

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate Q fever seroprevalence in cattle in Turkey. Q fever is a highly infectious zoonotic disease which is caused by Coxiella burnetii and which has occurrence in many countries of the world. As it is a multiple species disease, many different domestic and wild animals could be the carrier of the pathogen. However, cattle, sheep and goats are the main reservoirs and the disease generally appears with an increase in the cases of abortion and stillbirth.
Methods: Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is preferred and recommended for the diagnosis of Q fever because they are highly sensitive and easy to use. In this study, blood samples of cattle randomly collected from 22 provinces of Turkey between 2017-2018 were tested by ELISA.
Results: Among 1114 blood samples analyzed, the detected seropositivity level is 18% and provincial seropositivity is between 2.3%-35.2%. Regional results are close to each other changing between 15.1% and 22.3%.
Conclusion: The results gathered have revealed the C. burnetii exposure of cattle in different regions of Turkey.The findings of this study display the necessity of strategies against this disease which poses hazards for both public and animal health. Since this disease leads to serious loss in animal production, determination of the fighting strategies against Q fever and evaluation of the methods after practice is important. This study is believed to contribute to the fight against this disease with the leading and comparable data it presents.

References

  • Maurin M, Raoult D. Q fever. Clin Microbiol Rev . 1999;12:518–553.
  • European Food Safety Authority-EFSA. Scientific Opinion on Q fever, EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW), EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ) EFSA Journal. 2010;8(5):1595.
  • World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). Terrestrial Manual, Chapter 3.1.16. Q fever.Paris, France: World Organisation for Animal Health: 2019.
  • Mcquiston J, Childs J, Thompson H. Q fever. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002;221:796-799. doi: 10.2460/javma.2002.221.796
  • Madariaga MG, Rezai K, Trenholme GM, Weinstein RA. Q fever: a biological weapon in your backyard. Lancet Infect Dis. 2003;3(11):709-721. doi: 10.1016/s1473-3099(03)00804-1.
  • Eldin C, Mélenotte C, Mediannikov O, et al. From Q Fever to Coxiella burnetii Infection: a Paradigm Change. ClinMicrobiol Rev. 2017;30(1):115-190. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00045-16.
  • Arricau-Bouvery N, Rodolakis A. Is Q fever an emerging or re-emerging zoonosis? Vet Res. 2005;36(3):327-349. doi: 10.1051/vetres:2005010. PMID: 15845229.
  • Cutler SJ, Bouzid M, Cutler RR. Q fever. J Infect. 2007;54(4):313-318. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2006.10.048.
  • Nusinovici S, Frössling J, Widgren S, Beaudeau F, Lindberg A. Q fever infection in dairy cattle herds: increased risk with high wind speed and low precipitation. Epidemiol Infect. 2015;143(15):3316-3326. doi: 10.1017/S0950268814003926.
  • Rodolakis A. Q fever in dairy animals. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 May;1166:90-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04511.x.
  • Plummer PJ, McClure JT, Menzies P, Morley PS, Van den Brom R, Van Metre DC. Management of Coxiella burnetii infection in livestock populations and the associated zoonotic risk: A consensus statement. J Vet Intern Med. 2018;32(5):1481-1494. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15229.
  • Hartzell JD, Wood-Morris RN, Martinez LJ, Trotta RF. Q fever: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Mayo Clin Proc. 2008;83(5):574-579. doi: 10.4065/83.5.574.
  • Boroduske A, Trofimova J, Kibilds J, Papule U, Sergejeva M, Rodze I, Grantina-Ievina L. Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) infection in dairy cattle and associated risk factors in Latvia. Epidemiol Infect. 2017;145(10):2011-2019. doi: 10.1017/S0950268817000838.
  • Guatteo R, Beaudeau F, Berri M, Rodolakis A, Joly A, Seegers H. Shedding routes of Coxiella burnetii in dairy cows: implications for detection and control. Vet Res. 2006;37(6):827-833. doi: 10.1051/vetres:2006038.
  • Still Brooks KM, Stensland WR, Harmon KM, O'Connor AM, Plummer PJ. Risk of exposure to Coxiella burnetii from ruminant livestock exhibited at Iowa agricultural fairs. Zoonoses Public Health. 2018;65(3):334-338. doi: 10.1111/zph.12439.
  • Payzın S, Golem SB. Türkiye’de Q humması. Türk İji Tec Biyol Derg 1948;8;(1):94-116.
  • Cetinkaya B, Kalender H, Ertas BH, et al. Seroprevalence of coxiellosis in cattle, sheep and people in the east of Turkey. Vet Rec. 2000;146:131–136.
  • Seyitoğlu, S, Özkurt, Z, Dinler, U, Okumuş, B. The seroprevalence of Coxiellosis in farmers and cattle in Erzurum district in Turkey.Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 2006;30:71-75.
  • Ceylan E, Berktas M., Keles I., Agaoglu Z. Seroprevalence of Q fever in cattle and sheep in the east of Turkey. Asian J Anim Vet Adv. 2009;4:114–121.
  • Gazyagci S, Aktas MS, Kilic S, Babur C, Çelebi B, Duru SY. Seroprevalence of Q fever in dairy cattle in the Konya province, Turkey. Rev Med Vet 2011;162:387-390.
  • Arserim N, Yeşilmen S, Tel O, et al. Seroprevalance of Coxiellosis in cows, sheep, goats and humans in Diyarbakir region of Turkey. Afr J Microbiol Res. 2011;5(15):2041-2041. doi: 10.5897/AJMR11.061.
  • Parin U, Kaya O. Detection of Coxiella burnetii prevalence in bovine, ovine, and caprine herds. Ankara Univ Vet FakDerg. 2015;62:177-181.
  • Saglam AG, Sahin M. (2016). Coxiella burnetii in samples from cattle herds and sheep flocks in the Kars region of Turkey. VetMed. 61. 17-22. 10.17221/8678-VETMED.
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control-ECDC. Panel with Representatives from the Netherlands, France, Germany, United Kingdom, United States of America.Risk assessment on Q fever. ECDC Technical Report. Stockholm, Sweden: ECDC 2010. doi:10.2900/28860.
  • Kilic A, Kalender H.A study of the correlation between Coxiella burnetii seropositivity and abortions in sheep in Eastern and Southeastern Turkey. Indian J Anim Res. 2016;50:401–405.
  • Karagul MS, Malal ME, Akar K. Seroprevalence of Q Fever in Sheep and Goats from the Marmara Region, Turkey. J Vet Res. 2019;19;63(4):527-532. doi: 10.2478/jvetres-2019-0070.
  • Karagul MS, Malal ME, Akar K. Investigation of Coxiella burnetii and Chlamydia abortus Antibodies in Sheep in Düzce Region. J DU Health Sci Inst. 2019;9(3):106-109.
  • Gozalan A, Rolain JM, Ertek M, et al. Seroprevalence of Q fever in a district located in the west Black Sea region of Turkey. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010;29(4):465-469. doi: 10.1007/s10096-010-0885-3.

Türkiye'de Sığırlarda Q Fever Seroprevalansının Araştırılması

Year 2021, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 98 - 102, 05.01.2021
https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.840429

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de sığırlarda Q ateşi seroprevalansının araştırılmasıdır. Q ateşi, Coxiella burnetii bakterisinin neden olduğu birçok ülkede görülen oldukça bulaşıcı zoonoz bir hastalıktır. Birden fazla türü etkileyen bir hastalık olduğundan birçok evcil ve vahşi hayvan patojenin taşıyıcısı olabilmektedir. Fakat sığır, koyun ve keçiler başlıca rezervuarlardır ve hastalık genellikle yavru atma ve ölü doğum vakalarının artışı ile kendini göstermektedir.
Yöntem: Yüksek sensitivitesi ve kullanım kolaylığından ötürü ELISA testleri tercih edilmekte ve Q ateşi hastalığının serolojik teşhisinde önerilmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında 2017-2018 yıllarında 22 ilden rastlantısal olarak toplanan 1114 sığır kan serumu ELISA testi ile analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Analiz edilen numuneler arasında %18,04 seropozitiflik tespit edilmiştir. İl düzeyindeki sonuçlar %2,3-%35,2 aralığında dağılım göstermektedir. Bölgesel sonuçlar ise birbirine daha yakın olup %15,1-%22,3 arasında değişmektedir.
Sonuç: Elde edilen seroprevalans sonuçları, Türkiye’nin farklı bölgelerindeki sığırların Q ateşi hastalığının etkeni olan C. burnetii ile karşı karşıya kaldığını göstermektedir. Gerek halk sağlığı gerekse de hayvan sağlığı açısından tehlike oluşturan hastalığa karşı oluşturulacak mücadele stratejilerinin gerekliliği çalışma sonuçları ile desteklenmektedir. Çalışmada ulaşılan sonuçlar, yönlendirici ve kıyaslanabilir veriler paylaşarak hastalık ile mücadeleye katkı sunmaktadır.

References

  • Maurin M, Raoult D. Q fever. Clin Microbiol Rev . 1999;12:518–553.
  • European Food Safety Authority-EFSA. Scientific Opinion on Q fever, EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW), EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ) EFSA Journal. 2010;8(5):1595.
  • World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). Terrestrial Manual, Chapter 3.1.16. Q fever.Paris, France: World Organisation for Animal Health: 2019.
  • Mcquiston J, Childs J, Thompson H. Q fever. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002;221:796-799. doi: 10.2460/javma.2002.221.796
  • Madariaga MG, Rezai K, Trenholme GM, Weinstein RA. Q fever: a biological weapon in your backyard. Lancet Infect Dis. 2003;3(11):709-721. doi: 10.1016/s1473-3099(03)00804-1.
  • Eldin C, Mélenotte C, Mediannikov O, et al. From Q Fever to Coxiella burnetii Infection: a Paradigm Change. ClinMicrobiol Rev. 2017;30(1):115-190. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00045-16.
  • Arricau-Bouvery N, Rodolakis A. Is Q fever an emerging or re-emerging zoonosis? Vet Res. 2005;36(3):327-349. doi: 10.1051/vetres:2005010. PMID: 15845229.
  • Cutler SJ, Bouzid M, Cutler RR. Q fever. J Infect. 2007;54(4):313-318. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2006.10.048.
  • Nusinovici S, Frössling J, Widgren S, Beaudeau F, Lindberg A. Q fever infection in dairy cattle herds: increased risk with high wind speed and low precipitation. Epidemiol Infect. 2015;143(15):3316-3326. doi: 10.1017/S0950268814003926.
  • Rodolakis A. Q fever in dairy animals. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 May;1166:90-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04511.x.
  • Plummer PJ, McClure JT, Menzies P, Morley PS, Van den Brom R, Van Metre DC. Management of Coxiella burnetii infection in livestock populations and the associated zoonotic risk: A consensus statement. J Vet Intern Med. 2018;32(5):1481-1494. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15229.
  • Hartzell JD, Wood-Morris RN, Martinez LJ, Trotta RF. Q fever: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Mayo Clin Proc. 2008;83(5):574-579. doi: 10.4065/83.5.574.
  • Boroduske A, Trofimova J, Kibilds J, Papule U, Sergejeva M, Rodze I, Grantina-Ievina L. Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) infection in dairy cattle and associated risk factors in Latvia. Epidemiol Infect. 2017;145(10):2011-2019. doi: 10.1017/S0950268817000838.
  • Guatteo R, Beaudeau F, Berri M, Rodolakis A, Joly A, Seegers H. Shedding routes of Coxiella burnetii in dairy cows: implications for detection and control. Vet Res. 2006;37(6):827-833. doi: 10.1051/vetres:2006038.
  • Still Brooks KM, Stensland WR, Harmon KM, O'Connor AM, Plummer PJ. Risk of exposure to Coxiella burnetii from ruminant livestock exhibited at Iowa agricultural fairs. Zoonoses Public Health. 2018;65(3):334-338. doi: 10.1111/zph.12439.
  • Payzın S, Golem SB. Türkiye’de Q humması. Türk İji Tec Biyol Derg 1948;8;(1):94-116.
  • Cetinkaya B, Kalender H, Ertas BH, et al. Seroprevalence of coxiellosis in cattle, sheep and people in the east of Turkey. Vet Rec. 2000;146:131–136.
  • Seyitoğlu, S, Özkurt, Z, Dinler, U, Okumuş, B. The seroprevalence of Coxiellosis in farmers and cattle in Erzurum district in Turkey.Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 2006;30:71-75.
  • Ceylan E, Berktas M., Keles I., Agaoglu Z. Seroprevalence of Q fever in cattle and sheep in the east of Turkey. Asian J Anim Vet Adv. 2009;4:114–121.
  • Gazyagci S, Aktas MS, Kilic S, Babur C, Çelebi B, Duru SY. Seroprevalence of Q fever in dairy cattle in the Konya province, Turkey. Rev Med Vet 2011;162:387-390.
  • Arserim N, Yeşilmen S, Tel O, et al. Seroprevalance of Coxiellosis in cows, sheep, goats and humans in Diyarbakir region of Turkey. Afr J Microbiol Res. 2011;5(15):2041-2041. doi: 10.5897/AJMR11.061.
  • Parin U, Kaya O. Detection of Coxiella burnetii prevalence in bovine, ovine, and caprine herds. Ankara Univ Vet FakDerg. 2015;62:177-181.
  • Saglam AG, Sahin M. (2016). Coxiella burnetii in samples from cattle herds and sheep flocks in the Kars region of Turkey. VetMed. 61. 17-22. 10.17221/8678-VETMED.
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control-ECDC. Panel with Representatives from the Netherlands, France, Germany, United Kingdom, United States of America.Risk assessment on Q fever. ECDC Technical Report. Stockholm, Sweden: ECDC 2010. doi:10.2900/28860.
  • Kilic A, Kalender H.A study of the correlation between Coxiella burnetii seropositivity and abortions in sheep in Eastern and Southeastern Turkey. Indian J Anim Res. 2016;50:401–405.
  • Karagul MS, Malal ME, Akar K. Seroprevalence of Q Fever in Sheep and Goats from the Marmara Region, Turkey. J Vet Res. 2019;19;63(4):527-532. doi: 10.2478/jvetres-2019-0070.
  • Karagul MS, Malal ME, Akar K. Investigation of Coxiella burnetii and Chlamydia abortus Antibodies in Sheep in Düzce Region. J DU Health Sci Inst. 2019;9(3):106-109.
  • Gozalan A, Rolain JM, Ertek M, et al. Seroprevalence of Q fever in a district located in the west Black Sea region of Turkey. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010;29(4):465-469. doi: 10.1007/s10096-010-0885-3.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Veterinary Surgery
Journal Section Original Article / Veterinary Sciences
Authors

Mehmet Engin Malal 0000-0001-8656-3354

Mustafa Sencer Karagül 0000-0001-7215-5229

Ayşe Ateşoğlu 0000-0003-2633-2065

Kadir Akar 0000-0003-0894-7357

Publication Date January 5, 2021
Submission Date December 14, 2020
Acceptance Date December 23, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Malal, M. E., Karagül, M. S., Ateşoğlu, A., Akar, K. (2021). Investigation of Q Fever Seroprevalence in Cattle in Turkey. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(1), 98-102. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.840429
AMA Malal ME, Karagül MS, Ateşoğlu A, Akar K. Investigation of Q Fever Seroprevalence in Cattle in Turkey. KOU Sag Bil Derg. January 2021;7(1):98-102. doi:10.30934/kusbed.840429
Chicago Malal, Mehmet Engin, Mustafa Sencer Karagül, Ayşe Ateşoğlu, and Kadir Akar. “Investigation of Q Fever Seroprevalence in Cattle in Turkey”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 7, no. 1 (January 2021): 98-102. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.840429.
EndNote Malal ME, Karagül MS, Ateşoğlu A, Akar K (January 1, 2021) Investigation of Q Fever Seroprevalence in Cattle in Turkey. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 7 1 98–102.
IEEE M. E. Malal, M. S. Karagül, A. Ateşoğlu, and K. Akar, “Investigation of Q Fever Seroprevalence in Cattle in Turkey”, KOU Sag Bil Derg, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 98–102, 2021, doi: 10.30934/kusbed.840429.
ISNAD Malal, Mehmet Engin et al. “Investigation of Q Fever Seroprevalence in Cattle in Turkey”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 7/1 (January 2021), 98-102. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.840429.
JAMA Malal ME, Karagül MS, Ateşoğlu A, Akar K. Investigation of Q Fever Seroprevalence in Cattle in Turkey. KOU Sag Bil Derg. 2021;7:98–102.
MLA Malal, Mehmet Engin et al. “Investigation of Q Fever Seroprevalence in Cattle in Turkey”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 7, no. 1, 2021, pp. 98-102, doi:10.30934/kusbed.840429.
Vancouver Malal ME, Karagül MS, Ateşoğlu A, Akar K. Investigation of Q Fever Seroprevalence in Cattle in Turkey. KOU Sag Bil Derg. 2021;7(1):98-102.