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Macroanatomical, Subgross and Stereological Investigation of The Nerve Nodes in The Buffalo Heart

Year 2017, Volume: 10 Issue: 4, 241 - 246, 01.03.2017

Abstract

Sinoatrial (SA) and Atrioventricular (AV) nodes are responsible for the nerve conduction of the hearth, that provides electricial signals for normal cardiac rhythm. In this study we investigated the nevre nodes of the water buffalos by means of the stereological methods. SA node and AV node from the water buffalo heart obtained from slaughter house were dissected and fixed into the 10 % neutral formaldehyte sollution. After the histological processing of the tissue, we investigated the serial sections in stereologically. The pale stained nodal areas that include smaller fibers and perinuclear cells were identified in sinoatrial nodes. The dimensions of the sinoatrial node were ~18 mm x 2.9 mm x 2 mm and the volume was 122.83 mm3. The atrioventricular node located just under the endocardium of the interatrial septum, at the level of valva tricuspitalis and above the os cordis. The dimensions of the atrioventriculer node were ~9 mm x 4.3 mm x 3.1 mm and the volume was 119.03 mm3.

References

  • Anderson RH, Ho HY, Becker AE. Anatomy of the human atrioventricular junctions revisited. The Anatomical Record. 2000; 260: 81–91.
  • Bishop SP, Cole CR. Morphology of the specialized conducting tissue in the atria of the equine heart. The Anatomical Record. 1967; 152: 235-250.
  • Ghazi SR, Tadjalli M. The anatomy of the sinus node of camel (Camelus dromedarius). Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia. 1995; 24: 1-5.
  • Ghazi SR, Tadjalli M, Baniabbas A. Anatomy of the sinus node of domestic cats (Felis catus). Journal of Applied Animal Research. 1998; 14: 57-64.
  • James TN. Anatomy of the human sinus node. The Anatomical Record. 1961; 141: 109-139.
  • James TN. Anatomy of the sinus node of the dog. The Anatomical Record. 1962; 143(3): 251–265.
  • James TN. Anatomy of the A-V node of the dog. The Anatomical Record. 1964; 148: 15-27.
  • James TN. Anatomy of the sinus node, av node and os cordis of the beef heart. The Anatomical Record. 1965; 153(4): 361-371.
  • James TN. Cardiac conduction system: Fetal and postnatal development. American Journal of Cardiology. 1970; 25: 213-225.
  • James TN. The sinus node. American Journal of Cardiology. 1977; 40: 865-972.
  • James TN, Spence CA. Distribution of cholinesterase within the sinus node and AV node of the human heart. The Anatomical Record. 1966; 155: 151-162.
  • Kim Y, Yasuda M. The cardiac conducting system of the fowl. Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia. 1979; 8: 138-150.
  • Lev M, Widran J, Erickson EE. A method for the histopathologic study of the atrioventricular node, bundle, and branches. Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine. 1951; 52: 73–83.
  • Lu Y, James TN, Yamamoto S, Terasaki F. Cardiac conduction system in the chicken: gross anatomy plus light and electron microscopy. The Anatomical Record. 1993; 236: 493-510.
  • Meijler FL, Strackee J. Evolution and scaling of atrioventricular conduction time in mammals. American Heart Hospital Journal. 2006; 4: 53-57. 246
  • Nabipour A. Anatomy and histology of the atrioventricular node of goats (Capra hircus). Journal of Applied Animal Research. 2002; 22: 67-71.
  • Nabipour A. Anatomy and histology of the sinu-atrial node of guinea pig (Cavia percellus). Journal of Applied Animal Research. 2004; 25: 41-43.
  • Nabipour A, Khanzadi S, Moradi GH. Anatomy and histology of the sino-atrial node of goats (capra hircus). Journal of Applied Animal Research. 2000; 18: 153-158.
  • Oguz EO, Conkur ES, Sari M. Shtereom I simple windowsbased software for stereology, volume and number estimations. Image Analysis & Stereology. 2007; 26: 45-50.
  • Prakash R. The heart and its conduction system in the lizard Calotes versi color (Daudin). The Anatomical Record. 1960; 136: 469-475.
  • Titus JL, Daugherty GW, Edwards JE. Anatomy of the normal human atrioventricular conduction system. The American Journal of Anatomy. 1963; 113: 407-415.
  • Ueng KC, Chen SA, Chiang CE, Tai CT, Lee SH, Chiou CW, Wen ZC, Tseng CJ, Chen YJ, Yu WC, Chen CY, Chang MS. Dimension and related anatomical distance of Koch’s triangle in patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology. 1996; 7: 1017–1023.
  • Widran J, Lev M. The dissection of the atrioventricular node, bundle and bundle branches in the human heart. Circulation. 1951; 4:863–867.
  • Yalçın B. Koyun kalbinde ramus nodi sinuatrialis'in orijin ve seyir varyasyonlarının araştırılması. Uzmanlık Tezi, Gülhane Askeri Tıp Akademisi, Ankara, 2002.
  • Yousuf N. The conducting tissue of the heart of the house sparrow, Passer domesticus indicus. Anatomical Record. 1965; 152: 235- 250.

Manda Kalbindeki Sinir Düğümlerinin Makroanatomik, Subgross ve Stereolojik İncelenmesi

Year 2017, Volume: 10 Issue: 4, 241 - 246, 01.03.2017

Abstract

Kalbin sinir düğümleri (nodus sinoatrialis ve nodus atrioventricularis) kendine has olan iletim sisteminin bir parçası olarak görev yapan birimler olup, kalbin normal ritminde çalışması için gerekli elektriksel iletimleri sağlar. Bu çalışmamızda yöresel olarak öneme sahip olan mandaların kalbinde sinir düğümlerini stereolojik metodlar kullanarak inceledik. Mezbahadan temin ettiğimiz manda kalplerinde öncelikle sinir düğümlerinin olduğu bölgeler diseke edildi ve %10’luk nötral formaldehit çözeltisinde tespit edildi. Doku takibi ve parafine gömme aşamalarının ardından sinoatriyal düğüm için ~1.7 mm, atriyoventriküler düğüm için ~0.9 mm aralıklar bırakılarak 5 μm kalınlığında kesitler alındı ve bu kesitlerde stereolojik olarak hesaplamalar yapıldı. İncelemelerimiz sonucu sinoatriyal düğümlerde daha soluk boyanan, daha küçük çapta lifler taşıyan ve perinüklear bölge hücreleri içeren düğüm bölgelerini tespit ettik ve ölçümlerimiz sonucu sinoatriyal düğüm boyutunu ~18mm x 2.9mm x 2mm, hacmini ise 122.83 mm3 olarak tespit ettik. Atriyoventriküler düğümün ise atrium dextrum’un duvarında endocardium’un hemen altında triküspit kapakçıklar hizasında ve os cordis’in hemen üzerinde olduğunu, bölge koroner arterlerinin ramus interventricularis’lerden çıkarak interatrial bölgeye giden damarlarla kanlandığını ve yine bu bölgede purkinje sinir hücrelerinin varlığını tespit ettik. Ölçümlerimiz sonucu atrioventriculer düğüm boyutunu ~9 mm x 4.3 mm x 3.1 mm, hacmini ise 119.03 mm3 olarak tespit ettik.

References

  • Anderson RH, Ho HY, Becker AE. Anatomy of the human atrioventricular junctions revisited. The Anatomical Record. 2000; 260: 81–91.
  • Bishop SP, Cole CR. Morphology of the specialized conducting tissue in the atria of the equine heart. The Anatomical Record. 1967; 152: 235-250.
  • Ghazi SR, Tadjalli M. The anatomy of the sinus node of camel (Camelus dromedarius). Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia. 1995; 24: 1-5.
  • Ghazi SR, Tadjalli M, Baniabbas A. Anatomy of the sinus node of domestic cats (Felis catus). Journal of Applied Animal Research. 1998; 14: 57-64.
  • James TN. Anatomy of the human sinus node. The Anatomical Record. 1961; 141: 109-139.
  • James TN. Anatomy of the sinus node of the dog. The Anatomical Record. 1962; 143(3): 251–265.
  • James TN. Anatomy of the A-V node of the dog. The Anatomical Record. 1964; 148: 15-27.
  • James TN. Anatomy of the sinus node, av node and os cordis of the beef heart. The Anatomical Record. 1965; 153(4): 361-371.
  • James TN. Cardiac conduction system: Fetal and postnatal development. American Journal of Cardiology. 1970; 25: 213-225.
  • James TN. The sinus node. American Journal of Cardiology. 1977; 40: 865-972.
  • James TN, Spence CA. Distribution of cholinesterase within the sinus node and AV node of the human heart. The Anatomical Record. 1966; 155: 151-162.
  • Kim Y, Yasuda M. The cardiac conducting system of the fowl. Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia. 1979; 8: 138-150.
  • Lev M, Widran J, Erickson EE. A method for the histopathologic study of the atrioventricular node, bundle, and branches. Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine. 1951; 52: 73–83.
  • Lu Y, James TN, Yamamoto S, Terasaki F. Cardiac conduction system in the chicken: gross anatomy plus light and electron microscopy. The Anatomical Record. 1993; 236: 493-510.
  • Meijler FL, Strackee J. Evolution and scaling of atrioventricular conduction time in mammals. American Heart Hospital Journal. 2006; 4: 53-57. 246
  • Nabipour A. Anatomy and histology of the atrioventricular node of goats (Capra hircus). Journal of Applied Animal Research. 2002; 22: 67-71.
  • Nabipour A. Anatomy and histology of the sinu-atrial node of guinea pig (Cavia percellus). Journal of Applied Animal Research. 2004; 25: 41-43.
  • Nabipour A, Khanzadi S, Moradi GH. Anatomy and histology of the sino-atrial node of goats (capra hircus). Journal of Applied Animal Research. 2000; 18: 153-158.
  • Oguz EO, Conkur ES, Sari M. Shtereom I simple windowsbased software for stereology, volume and number estimations. Image Analysis & Stereology. 2007; 26: 45-50.
  • Prakash R. The heart and its conduction system in the lizard Calotes versi color (Daudin). The Anatomical Record. 1960; 136: 469-475.
  • Titus JL, Daugherty GW, Edwards JE. Anatomy of the normal human atrioventricular conduction system. The American Journal of Anatomy. 1963; 113: 407-415.
  • Ueng KC, Chen SA, Chiang CE, Tai CT, Lee SH, Chiou CW, Wen ZC, Tseng CJ, Chen YJ, Yu WC, Chen CY, Chang MS. Dimension and related anatomical distance of Koch’s triangle in patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology. 1996; 7: 1017–1023.
  • Widran J, Lev M. The dissection of the atrioventricular node, bundle and bundle branches in the human heart. Circulation. 1951; 4:863–867.
  • Yalçın B. Koyun kalbinde ramus nodi sinuatrialis'in orijin ve seyir varyasyonlarının araştırılması. Uzmanlık Tezi, Gülhane Askeri Tıp Akademisi, Ankara, 2002.
  • Yousuf N. The conducting tissue of the heart of the house sparrow, Passer domesticus indicus. Anatomical Record. 1965; 152: 235- 250.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

İsmail Türkmenoğlu

Aysun Çevik Demirkan This is me

Murat Sırrı Akosman This is me

Mehmet Aydın Akalan This is me

Vural Özdemir This is me

Publication Date March 1, 2017
Acceptance Date October 10, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 10 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Türkmenoğlu, İ., Çevik Demirkan, A., Akosman, M. S., Akalan, M. A., et al. (2017). Macroanatomical, Subgross and Stereological Investigation of The Nerve Nodes in The Buffalo Heart. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 10(4), 241-246.
AMA Türkmenoğlu İ, Çevik Demirkan A, Akosman MS, Akalan MA, Özdemir V. Macroanatomical, Subgross and Stereological Investigation of The Nerve Nodes in The Buffalo Heart. kvj. December 2017;10(4):241-246.
Chicago Türkmenoğlu, İsmail, Aysun Çevik Demirkan, Murat Sırrı Akosman, Mehmet Aydın Akalan, and Vural Özdemir. “Macroanatomical, Subgross and Stereological Investigation of The Nerve Nodes in The Buffalo Heart”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 10, no. 4 (December 2017): 241-46.
EndNote Türkmenoğlu İ, Çevik Demirkan A, Akosman MS, Akalan MA, Özdemir V (December 1, 2017) Macroanatomical, Subgross and Stereological Investigation of The Nerve Nodes in The Buffalo Heart. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 10 4 241–246.
IEEE İ. Türkmenoğlu, A. Çevik Demirkan, M. S. Akosman, M. A. Akalan, and V. Özdemir, “Macroanatomical, Subgross and Stereological Investigation of The Nerve Nodes in The Buffalo Heart”, kvj, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 241–246, 2017.
ISNAD Türkmenoğlu, İsmail et al. “Macroanatomical, Subgross and Stereological Investigation of The Nerve Nodes in The Buffalo Heart”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 10/4 (December 2017), 241-246.
JAMA Türkmenoğlu İ, Çevik Demirkan A, Akosman MS, Akalan MA, Özdemir V. Macroanatomical, Subgross and Stereological Investigation of The Nerve Nodes in The Buffalo Heart. kvj. 2017;10:241–246.
MLA Türkmenoğlu, İsmail et al. “Macroanatomical, Subgross and Stereological Investigation of The Nerve Nodes in The Buffalo Heart”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, vol. 10, no. 4, 2017, pp. 241-6.
Vancouver Türkmenoğlu İ, Çevik Demirkan A, Akosman MS, Akalan MA, Özdemir V. Macroanatomical, Subgross and Stereological Investigation of The Nerve Nodes in The Buffalo Heart. kvj. 2017;10(4):241-6.

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