Research Article
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Investigation of Availability of Dried Mulberry Pomace Instead of Barley for Ruminants

Year 2021, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 177 - 186, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.865918

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of substitution of barley with the different amounts of dried white mulberry pomace (DWMP) and dried red mulberry pomace (DRMP) on in vitro true digestibility (IVTD) values. The mixtures were formed as: barley (100%), DWMP (100%), DRMP (100%), barley+DWMP (75%+25%), barley+DWMP (50%+50%), barley+DWMP (25%+75%), barley+DRMP (75%+25%), barley+DRMP (50%+50%), barley+DRMP (25%+75%). There were no differences for IVTD, in vitro true dry matter digestibility (IVTDMD), and in vitro true organic matter digestibility (IVTOMD) values between barley and barley+DWMP (75%+25%). Although, IVTD, IVTDMD, and IVTOMD values of barley+DWMP (75%+25%) and barley+DWMP (50%+50%) were similar, the same digestibility values of the mixture containing barley+DWMP (50%+50%) were lower (P<0.05) than those of barley. While substitution of barley with DWMP increased (R2=0.7754) in vitro true neutral detergent fiber digestibility (IVTNDFD), substitution of barley with DRMP did not change IVTNDFD. In conclusion, due to nutrient composition and digestibility of DWMP, barley may be substituted with DWMP up to 50% in diets of livestock raised for meat or milk production. Further studies are needed to determine the effects of barley substitution with DWMP on in vivo digestibility, rumen fermentation, fattening performance or milk production.

Supporting Institution

Ondokuz Mayis University Research Fund

Project Number

PYO.VET.1904.18.016

References

  • Abdollahzadeh F, Pirmohammadi R, Farhoomand P, Fatehi F, Pazhoh FF. The effect of ensiled mixed tomato and apple pomace on Holstein dairy cow. Italian J Anim Sci. 2010;9(2):212-216.
  • Aldemir R, Karslı MA. Yaş şeker pancarı posası silajının arpa yerine kullanımının koyunlarda duodenuma geçen toplam protein üzerine etkisi: 1.Besin madde sindirimi ve mikrobiyal protein sentezi. YYU Vet Fak Derg. 2012;23(2):89-98.
  • Alipour D, Rouzbehan Y. Effect of ensiling grape pomace and addition of polyethylene glycol on in vitro gas production and microbial biomass yield. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2007;137:138-149.
  • Alkan RA, Kandemir N. Tokak yerel arpa çeşidi içinden seçilen saf hatların bazı gıda, yem ve tarımsal özellikler bakımından varyasyonları. Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi 2015;24(2): 124-139.
  • AOAC. Official Methods of Analysis, 18th Edition, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Gaithersburgs, MD, 2006.
  • Ayhan V, Duru AA, Özkaya S. Possibilities od using dried apple pomace in broiler chicken diets. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2009;15(5):669-672.
  • Bampidis VA, Robinson PH. Citrus by-products as ruminant feeds: A review. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2006;128:175-217.
  • Boguhn J, Kluth H, Bulang M, Engelhard T, Rodehutscord M. Effects of pressed beet pulp silage inclusion in maize-based rations on performance of high-yielding dairy cows and parameters of rumen fermentation. Animal 2010;4(1):30-39.
  • Çapçı T, Şayan Y, Kırkpınar F, Taluğ AM, Açıkgöz Z, Ergül M, Karayvaz KB. Kanatlı altlığının bazı yem kaynakları ile silolanma olanakları ve yem değeri III: Domates posasının broiler altlığı ile silolanma olanakları ve yem değeri. Ege Üniv Ziraat Fak Derg. 2002;39:55-62.
  • Denli M, Demirel R. Diyarbakır ili sığır besiciliği işletmelerindeki yem kullanımı ve besleme uygulamaları. YYÜ Tar Bil Derg. 2016;26(4):495-499.
  • Dinic B, Dordevic N, Markovic J, Sokolovic D, Blagojevic M, Terzic D, Babic S. I mpact of non-protein nitrogen substances on grape pomace silage quality. Biotechnol Anim Husb. 2015;31(3):433-440.
  • Ebeid HM, Gawad RMA, Mahmoud AEM. Influence of ration containing tomato silage on performance of lactating buffaloes and milk quality. Asian J Anim Vet Adv. 2015;10(1):14-24.
  • Elmacı Y, Altuğ T. Flavour evaluation of three black mulberry (Morus nigra) cultivars using GC/MS, chemical and sensory data. J Sci Food Agr. 2002;82(6):632-635.
  • Grasser LA, Fadel JG, Garnett I, DePeters EJ. Quantity and economic importance of nine selected by-products used in California dairy rations. J Dairy Sci. 1995;78:962-971.
  • Holden LA. Comparison of methods of in vitro dry matter digestibility for ten feeds. J Dairy Sci. 1999;82:1791-1794.
  • Keklikci A, Selcuk Z. Domates posasının ruminantlar için sindirilebilirliğinin belirlenmesi. Vet Hekim Der Derg. 2018;89(2):58-65.
  • Kılıç Ü, Abdiwali MA. Alternatif kaba yem kaynağı olarak şarapçılık endüstrisi üzüm atıklarının in vitro gerçek sindirilebilirlikleri ve nispi yem değerlerinin belirlenmesi. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2016;22:895-901.
  • Klinger ACK, de Silva LP, de Toledo GSP, Galarreta B, Goulart F. Effect of sweet potato vines on performance parameters and some carcass characteristics of rabbits. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr. 2017;102:152-156.
  • Marten GC, Barnes RF. Prediction of energy digestibility of forages with in vitro rumen fermentation and fungal enzyme systems, In: Standardization of Analytical Methodology for Feeds, Ed; Pigden WJ, Balch CC, Graham M., Int Dev Res Center, Ottawa, Canada. 1980; pp.61-128.
  • Mirzaei-Aghsaghali A, Maheri-Sis N. Nutritive Value of Some Agro-Industrial By-products for Ruminants - A Review. World Journal of Zoology 2008;3(2):40-46.
  • Mirzaei-Aghsaghali A, Maheri-Sis N, Mansouri H, Razeghi ME, Shaddeltelli A, Aghajanzade-Golshani A. Estimation of the nutritive value of grape pomace for ruminant using gas production technique. Afr J Biotechnol. 2011;10:6246-6250.
  • Moghaddam M, Taghizadeh A, Nobakht A, Ahmadi A. Determination of metabolizable energy of grape pomace and raisin vistis leaves using in vitro gas production technique. Anim Prod. 2013;15:40-46.
  • Niu Y, Meng Q, Li S, Ren L, Zhou B, Schonewille T, Zhou Z. Effects of Diets Supplemented with Ensiled Mulberry Leaves and Sun-Dried Mulberry Fruit Pomace on the Ruminal Bacterial and Archaeal Community Composition of Finishing Steers. PLoS ONE 2016;11(6): e0156836.
  • Omer HAA, Abdel-Magid SS. Incorporation of Dried Tomato Pomace in Growing Sheep Rations. Glob Vet. 2015;14(1):01-16.
  • Özdüven ML, Coşkuntuna L, Koç F. Üzüm posası silajının fermantasyon ve yem değeri özelliklerinin saptanması. Trakya Univ J Sci. 2005;6:45-50.
  • Palangi V, Taghizadeh A, Sadeghzadeh MK. Determine of nutritive value of dried citrus pulp various using in situ and gas production techniques. J Bio Env Sci. 2013;3(6):8-16.
  • Sargın HG, Denek N. Effect of Adding Different Levels of Dried Molasses Sugar Beet Pulp on the Silage Quality and In Vitro Digestibility of Wet Tomato Pomace Silage. Harran Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2017;6(1):84-89.
  • Selcuk M, Selcuk Z, Kahraman Z, Ciftci G, Akal E. Effects of dried tomato pulp used as a feed ingredient in breeder roosters’ diets on blood and semen antioxidant status and some sperm parameters. Revue Med Vet. 2013;164(8-9):435-442.
  • Selçuk Z, Salman M, Muruz H. Determination of in vitro digestion values of alfalfa hay, dried tomato pomace and their combinations. Van Vet J. 2019;30(1):63-66.
  • Sevim B, Ayaşan T, Ülger İ, Ergul Ş, Aykanat S, Coşkun AM. Farklı maltlık arpa çeşitlerinin besin değerlerinin in vitro gaz üretim tekniği kullanılarak tespiti. Turk Tarım Gıda Bilim Teknol Derg. 2017;5(10):1216-1220.
  • Sharma SK, Zote KK. MULBERRY-A multi purpose tree species for varied climate. Range Mana Agrofor. 2010;31:97-101.
  • SPSS. IBM SPSS statistics for Windows, version 21,0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp, 2012.
  • Tahseen O, Abdallah J, Omar JA. In situ degradability of dry matter, crude protein, acid and neutral detergent fiber of olive cake and green house wastes of tomato and cucumber. Revue Med Vet. 2014;165(3-4):93-98.
  • Toprak NN, Yavaş İ, Bilgel C. Besi sığırı rasyonlarında tamamalayıcı yem olarak farklı şekillerde işlenmiş arpa ve mısır kullanımının performans, bazı biyokimyasal parametreler ile serum laktat ve bikarbonat düzeyi üzerine etkileri. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Derg. 2018;22(2): 275-283.
  • TSI (Turkish Standards Institution). Animal feeds: Determination of metabolizable energy (chemical method). TS9610, Ankara, 1991.
  • Ülger I, Kaliber M, Ayaşan T, Küçük O. Chemical composition, organic matter digestibility and energy content of apple pomace silage and its combination with corn plant, sugar beet pulp and pumpkin pulp. S Afr J Anim Sci. 2018;48(3):497-503.
  • Van Soest PJ, Robertson JD, Lewis BA. Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci. 1991; 74: 3583-3597.
  • Yahaghi M, Liang JB, Balcells J, Valizadeh R, Alimon AR, Ho YW. Effects of replacing barley with corn or sorghum grain on rumen fermentation characteristics and performance of Iranian Baluchi lamb fed high concentrate rations. Anim Prod Sci. 2012;52:263-268.
  • Yalçınkaya MY, Baytok E, Yörük MA. Değişik meyve posası silajlarının bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2012;9(2):95-106.
  • Zhou B, Meng QX, Ren LP, Shi FH, Wei Z, Zhou ZM. Evaluation of chemical composition, in situ degradability and in vitro gas production of ensiled and sun-dried mulberry pomace. J Anim Feed Sci. 2012;21:188-197.
  • Zhou Z, Zhou B, Ren L, Meng Q. Effect of Ensiled Mulberry Leaves and Sun-Dried Mulberry Fruit Pomace on Finishing Steer Growth Performance, Blood Biochemical Parameters, and Carcass Characteristics. PLoS ONE 2014; 9(1): e85406.

Ruminantlar için Arpa Yerine Kurutulmuş Dut Posasının Kullanılabilirliğinin Araştırılması

Year 2021, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 177 - 186, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.865918

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, arpanın, kurutulmuş beyaz dut posası (KBDP) ve kurutulmuş kırmızı dut posası (KKDP) ile farklı düzeylerde ikamesinin in vitro gerçek sindirilebilirlik (IVGS) değerleri üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Karışımlar şu şekilde oluşturuldu: arpa (%100), KBDP (%100), KKDP (%100), arpa+KBDP (%75+%25), arpa+KBDP (%50+%50), arpa+KBDP (%25+%75), arpa+KKDP (%75+%25), arpa+KKDP (%50+%50), arpa+KKDP (%25+%75). Arpa ve arpa+KBDP (%75+%25) arasında IVGS, in vitro gerçek kuru madde sindirilebilirlik (IVGKMS) ve in vitro gerçek organik madde sindirilebilirlik (IVGOMS) değerleri açısından bir farklılık yoktu. Arpa+KBDP (%75+%25) ve arpa+KBDP (%50+%50)’ya ait IVGS, IVGKMS ve IVGOMS değerleri benzer olmasına karşın, arpa+KBDP (%50+%50) içeren karışımın aynı sindirilebilirlik değerleri arpaya göre daha düşük (P<0,05) bulundu. Bununla beraber, arpanın %25 düzeyinde KKDP ile ikamesine ilişkin IVGS değerleri arpanınkilerden daha düşüktü (P<0,05). Arpanın KBDP ile ikamesi in vitro gerçek nötral deterjan fiber sindirilebilirlik (IVGNDFS) değerini arttırırken (R2=0,7754), arpanın KKDP ile ikamesi IVGNDFS değerini etkilememiştir. Sonuç olarak, KBDP'nin besin madde bileşimi ve sindirilebilirlik değeri nedeniyle, arpa, et veya süt hayvanlarının rasyonlarında %50'ye kadar KBDP ile ikame edilebilir. Arpanın KBDP ile ikamesinin in vivo sindirilebilirlik, rumen fermentasyonu, besi performansı veya süt verimi üzerine etkilerini belirlemek için çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Project Number

PYO.VET.1904.18.016

References

  • Abdollahzadeh F, Pirmohammadi R, Farhoomand P, Fatehi F, Pazhoh FF. The effect of ensiled mixed tomato and apple pomace on Holstein dairy cow. Italian J Anim Sci. 2010;9(2):212-216.
  • Aldemir R, Karslı MA. Yaş şeker pancarı posası silajının arpa yerine kullanımının koyunlarda duodenuma geçen toplam protein üzerine etkisi: 1.Besin madde sindirimi ve mikrobiyal protein sentezi. YYU Vet Fak Derg. 2012;23(2):89-98.
  • Alipour D, Rouzbehan Y. Effect of ensiling grape pomace and addition of polyethylene glycol on in vitro gas production and microbial biomass yield. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2007;137:138-149.
  • Alkan RA, Kandemir N. Tokak yerel arpa çeşidi içinden seçilen saf hatların bazı gıda, yem ve tarımsal özellikler bakımından varyasyonları. Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi 2015;24(2): 124-139.
  • AOAC. Official Methods of Analysis, 18th Edition, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Gaithersburgs, MD, 2006.
  • Ayhan V, Duru AA, Özkaya S. Possibilities od using dried apple pomace in broiler chicken diets. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2009;15(5):669-672.
  • Bampidis VA, Robinson PH. Citrus by-products as ruminant feeds: A review. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2006;128:175-217.
  • Boguhn J, Kluth H, Bulang M, Engelhard T, Rodehutscord M. Effects of pressed beet pulp silage inclusion in maize-based rations on performance of high-yielding dairy cows and parameters of rumen fermentation. Animal 2010;4(1):30-39.
  • Çapçı T, Şayan Y, Kırkpınar F, Taluğ AM, Açıkgöz Z, Ergül M, Karayvaz KB. Kanatlı altlığının bazı yem kaynakları ile silolanma olanakları ve yem değeri III: Domates posasının broiler altlığı ile silolanma olanakları ve yem değeri. Ege Üniv Ziraat Fak Derg. 2002;39:55-62.
  • Denli M, Demirel R. Diyarbakır ili sığır besiciliği işletmelerindeki yem kullanımı ve besleme uygulamaları. YYÜ Tar Bil Derg. 2016;26(4):495-499.
  • Dinic B, Dordevic N, Markovic J, Sokolovic D, Blagojevic M, Terzic D, Babic S. I mpact of non-protein nitrogen substances on grape pomace silage quality. Biotechnol Anim Husb. 2015;31(3):433-440.
  • Ebeid HM, Gawad RMA, Mahmoud AEM. Influence of ration containing tomato silage on performance of lactating buffaloes and milk quality. Asian J Anim Vet Adv. 2015;10(1):14-24.
  • Elmacı Y, Altuğ T. Flavour evaluation of three black mulberry (Morus nigra) cultivars using GC/MS, chemical and sensory data. J Sci Food Agr. 2002;82(6):632-635.
  • Grasser LA, Fadel JG, Garnett I, DePeters EJ. Quantity and economic importance of nine selected by-products used in California dairy rations. J Dairy Sci. 1995;78:962-971.
  • Holden LA. Comparison of methods of in vitro dry matter digestibility for ten feeds. J Dairy Sci. 1999;82:1791-1794.
  • Keklikci A, Selcuk Z. Domates posasının ruminantlar için sindirilebilirliğinin belirlenmesi. Vet Hekim Der Derg. 2018;89(2):58-65.
  • Kılıç Ü, Abdiwali MA. Alternatif kaba yem kaynağı olarak şarapçılık endüstrisi üzüm atıklarının in vitro gerçek sindirilebilirlikleri ve nispi yem değerlerinin belirlenmesi. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2016;22:895-901.
  • Klinger ACK, de Silva LP, de Toledo GSP, Galarreta B, Goulart F. Effect of sweet potato vines on performance parameters and some carcass characteristics of rabbits. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr. 2017;102:152-156.
  • Marten GC, Barnes RF. Prediction of energy digestibility of forages with in vitro rumen fermentation and fungal enzyme systems, In: Standardization of Analytical Methodology for Feeds, Ed; Pigden WJ, Balch CC, Graham M., Int Dev Res Center, Ottawa, Canada. 1980; pp.61-128.
  • Mirzaei-Aghsaghali A, Maheri-Sis N. Nutritive Value of Some Agro-Industrial By-products for Ruminants - A Review. World Journal of Zoology 2008;3(2):40-46.
  • Mirzaei-Aghsaghali A, Maheri-Sis N, Mansouri H, Razeghi ME, Shaddeltelli A, Aghajanzade-Golshani A. Estimation of the nutritive value of grape pomace for ruminant using gas production technique. Afr J Biotechnol. 2011;10:6246-6250.
  • Moghaddam M, Taghizadeh A, Nobakht A, Ahmadi A. Determination of metabolizable energy of grape pomace and raisin vistis leaves using in vitro gas production technique. Anim Prod. 2013;15:40-46.
  • Niu Y, Meng Q, Li S, Ren L, Zhou B, Schonewille T, Zhou Z. Effects of Diets Supplemented with Ensiled Mulberry Leaves and Sun-Dried Mulberry Fruit Pomace on the Ruminal Bacterial and Archaeal Community Composition of Finishing Steers. PLoS ONE 2016;11(6): e0156836.
  • Omer HAA, Abdel-Magid SS. Incorporation of Dried Tomato Pomace in Growing Sheep Rations. Glob Vet. 2015;14(1):01-16.
  • Özdüven ML, Coşkuntuna L, Koç F. Üzüm posası silajının fermantasyon ve yem değeri özelliklerinin saptanması. Trakya Univ J Sci. 2005;6:45-50.
  • Palangi V, Taghizadeh A, Sadeghzadeh MK. Determine of nutritive value of dried citrus pulp various using in situ and gas production techniques. J Bio Env Sci. 2013;3(6):8-16.
  • Sargın HG, Denek N. Effect of Adding Different Levels of Dried Molasses Sugar Beet Pulp on the Silage Quality and In Vitro Digestibility of Wet Tomato Pomace Silage. Harran Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2017;6(1):84-89.
  • Selcuk M, Selcuk Z, Kahraman Z, Ciftci G, Akal E. Effects of dried tomato pulp used as a feed ingredient in breeder roosters’ diets on blood and semen antioxidant status and some sperm parameters. Revue Med Vet. 2013;164(8-9):435-442.
  • Selçuk Z, Salman M, Muruz H. Determination of in vitro digestion values of alfalfa hay, dried tomato pomace and their combinations. Van Vet J. 2019;30(1):63-66.
  • Sevim B, Ayaşan T, Ülger İ, Ergul Ş, Aykanat S, Coşkun AM. Farklı maltlık arpa çeşitlerinin besin değerlerinin in vitro gaz üretim tekniği kullanılarak tespiti. Turk Tarım Gıda Bilim Teknol Derg. 2017;5(10):1216-1220.
  • Sharma SK, Zote KK. MULBERRY-A multi purpose tree species for varied climate. Range Mana Agrofor. 2010;31:97-101.
  • SPSS. IBM SPSS statistics for Windows, version 21,0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp, 2012.
  • Tahseen O, Abdallah J, Omar JA. In situ degradability of dry matter, crude protein, acid and neutral detergent fiber of olive cake and green house wastes of tomato and cucumber. Revue Med Vet. 2014;165(3-4):93-98.
  • Toprak NN, Yavaş İ, Bilgel C. Besi sığırı rasyonlarında tamamalayıcı yem olarak farklı şekillerde işlenmiş arpa ve mısır kullanımının performans, bazı biyokimyasal parametreler ile serum laktat ve bikarbonat düzeyi üzerine etkileri. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Derg. 2018;22(2): 275-283.
  • TSI (Turkish Standards Institution). Animal feeds: Determination of metabolizable energy (chemical method). TS9610, Ankara, 1991.
  • Ülger I, Kaliber M, Ayaşan T, Küçük O. Chemical composition, organic matter digestibility and energy content of apple pomace silage and its combination with corn plant, sugar beet pulp and pumpkin pulp. S Afr J Anim Sci. 2018;48(3):497-503.
  • Van Soest PJ, Robertson JD, Lewis BA. Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci. 1991; 74: 3583-3597.
  • Yahaghi M, Liang JB, Balcells J, Valizadeh R, Alimon AR, Ho YW. Effects of replacing barley with corn or sorghum grain on rumen fermentation characteristics and performance of Iranian Baluchi lamb fed high concentrate rations. Anim Prod Sci. 2012;52:263-268.
  • Yalçınkaya MY, Baytok E, Yörük MA. Değişik meyve posası silajlarının bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2012;9(2):95-106.
  • Zhou B, Meng QX, Ren LP, Shi FH, Wei Z, Zhou ZM. Evaluation of chemical composition, in situ degradability and in vitro gas production of ensiled and sun-dried mulberry pomace. J Anim Feed Sci. 2012;21:188-197.
  • Zhou Z, Zhou B, Ren L, Meng Q. Effect of Ensiled Mulberry Leaves and Sun-Dried Mulberry Fruit Pomace on Finishing Steer Growth Performance, Blood Biochemical Parameters, and Carcass Characteristics. PLoS ONE 2014; 9(1): e85406.
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Veterinary Sciences
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

İsmet Burak Kaya This is me 0000-0002-2383-9621

Zehra Selçuk 0000-0002-6060-4514

Project Number PYO.VET.1904.18.016
Publication Date June 30, 2021
Acceptance Date April 4, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 14 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kaya, İ. B., & Selçuk, Z. (2021). Investigation of Availability of Dried Mulberry Pomace Instead of Barley for Ruminants. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 14(2), 177-186. https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.865918
AMA Kaya İB, Selçuk Z. Investigation of Availability of Dried Mulberry Pomace Instead of Barley for Ruminants. kvj. June 2021;14(2):177-186. doi:10.30607/kvj.865918
Chicago Kaya, İsmet Burak, and Zehra Selçuk. “Investigation of Availability of Dried Mulberry Pomace Instead of Barley for Ruminants”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 14, no. 2 (June 2021): 177-86. https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.865918.
EndNote Kaya İB, Selçuk Z (June 1, 2021) Investigation of Availability of Dried Mulberry Pomace Instead of Barley for Ruminants. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 14 2 177–186.
IEEE İ. B. Kaya and Z. Selçuk, “Investigation of Availability of Dried Mulberry Pomace Instead of Barley for Ruminants”, kvj, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 177–186, 2021, doi: 10.30607/kvj.865918.
ISNAD Kaya, İsmet Burak - Selçuk, Zehra. “Investigation of Availability of Dried Mulberry Pomace Instead of Barley for Ruminants”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 14/2 (June 2021), 177-186. https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.865918.
JAMA Kaya İB, Selçuk Z. Investigation of Availability of Dried Mulberry Pomace Instead of Barley for Ruminants. kvj. 2021;14:177–186.
MLA Kaya, İsmet Burak and Zehra Selçuk. “Investigation of Availability of Dried Mulberry Pomace Instead of Barley for Ruminants”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, vol. 14, no. 2, 2021, pp. 177-86, doi:10.30607/kvj.865918.
Vancouver Kaya İB, Selçuk Z. Investigation of Availability of Dried Mulberry Pomace Instead of Barley for Ruminants. kvj. 2021;14(2):177-86.

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