Abstract
This research was carried out to investigate the effects of farm scale on animal management practices in Pırlak sheep farms in the Emirdağ District of Afyonkarahisar province. A total of 56 Pırlak farms determined by simple random sampling were divided into three scale groups small (<50 heads), medium (51-100 heads), and large (>101 heads) based on sheep and ram numbers. The data were collected through measurements, observations, and face-to-face interviews with the farmers. The farm-scale significantly affected the feed production capacity, barn size, window area, lamp number, herd dog number, litter and manure removal frequencies, lamb production, penning the ewes with their lambs, and marketing of dairy products. The pasture-based extensive sheep production system was widespread in Pırlak farms, and the air quality, litter management, and frequency of equipment cleaning and manure removal were poorer than expected in those typical local sheep barns. Moreover, the farm's records related to production performance, animal diseases, and treatments were not kept. It has been understood that grazing, milking, lamb care, reproduction, and shearing processes were carried out with traditional methods, mostly without machinery. Since the Pırlak sheep breed is a hardy domestic breed adapted to this region for decades, improving efforts for the Pırlak sheep can increase the breed's performance. In conclusion, it has been concluded that the farm management capacities of Pırlak Farms in the Emirdağ can be supported with more financial government aid and farmers' training in sheep breeding, animal health and welfare, and business economics.
Supporting Institution
AKÜ BAPK
Project Number
16.Kariyer.129
Thanks
This study received the support of the Afyon Kocatepe University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit with Project number 16.Kariyer.129 Turkey.
References
- Alcedo MJ, Ito K, Maeda K. Stockmanship competence and its relation to productivity and economic profitability: The context of backyard goat production in the Philippines. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 2015; 28(3): 428.
- Babai D, Molnár Z. Small-scale traditional management of highly species-rich grasslands in the Carpathians. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2014; (182):123-130.
- Bozkurt Z, Kılıç İ, Hacan Ö, Lenger FÖ. The effects of Human-Animal Interactions on Animal Welfare. Kocatepe Vet J. 2013; 6(1):41-50.
- Caroprese M, Napolıtano F, Mattıello S, Fthenakıs, GC, Rıbó O, Sevı A. On-farm welfare monitoring of small ruminants. Small Ruminant Research. 2016; 135:20-25.
- Caroprese M. Sheep housing and welfare. Small ruminant research. 2008; 76(1-2):21-25.
- Dwyer CM. The welfare of the neonatal lamb. Small Ruminant Research. 2008; 76(1-2): 31-41.
- Dwyer CM. Welfare of sheep: providing for welfare in an extensive environment. Small Rumin. Res. 2009; 86: 14–21. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2009.09.010.
- Fedele D, Pizzillo M, Claps S, Morand-Fehr P, Rubino R. Grazing behaviour and diet selection of goats on native pasture in Southern Italy. Small Ruminant Res. 1993; 11:305-322.
- Fourie PJ, Mahlako SR, Van der Westhuizen C. Assessment of the management practices of emerging sheep production systems in the Eastern Free State: can the extensionist make a difference?. South African Journal of Agricultural Extension. 2018; 46(2):57-68.
- Fregonesı JA, Leaver JD. Behaviour, performance and health indicators of welfare for dairy cows housed in strawyard or cubicle systems. Livest. Prod. Sci. 2001; 68:205-216.
- Goddard P. Welfare assessment in sheep. In Practice. 2011; 33(10):508-516.
- Lawson D. The effects of predators on sheep farming in Natal: an opinion survey. South African Journal of Wildlife Research-24-month delayed open Access. 1989; 19(1): 4-10.
- Le Neindre P, Guemene D, Arnould C, Leterrier C, Faure JM, Prunier A, Meunier-Salaün MC. Space, environmental design and behaviour: Effect of space and environment on animal welfare. In Global Conference on animal welfare: an OIE initiative. 2004;23-25.
- Liu HW, Cao Y, Zhou DW. Effects of shade on welfare and meat quality of grazing sheep under high ambient temperature. Journal of animal science. 2012; 90(13):4764-4770.
- Middleton, B. A. Rediscovering traditional vegetation management in preserves: Trading experiences between cultures and continents. Biological Conservation, 2013, 158, 271-279.
Abstract
Bu araştırma Afyonkarahisar ili Emirdağ İlçesi'nde bulunan Pırlak koyunculuk işletmelerinde işletme büyüklüğünün hayvan yönetimi uygulamalarına etkisinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Basit tesadüfi örnekleme ile belirlenen 56 adet Pırlak koyunculuk işletmesi koyun ve koç sayısına göre küçük (<50 baş), orta (51-100 baş) ve büyük (>101 baş) ölçekli olmak üzere 3 gruba bölünmüştür. Araştırmanın verileri işletmelerde yapılan ölçüm, gözlem ve çiftçiler ile yüz yüze görüşmeler yoluyla elde edilmiştir. İşletme büyüklüğünün yem bitkisi üretimi kapasitesi, ağıl büyüklüğü, pencere alanı, ağıl içi lamba sayısı, sürü köpeği sayısı, altlık ve gübre uzaklaştırma sıklığı, kuzu üretimi, koyunların kuzulu koyun bölmerinde barındırılması ve süt ürünlerinin satışı üzerine önemli derecede etki yaptığı tespit edilmiştir. Genel olarak, Pırlak işletmelerinde meraya dayalı ekstansif yetiştiricilik yapıldığı, yöreye özgü tipik koyun ağıllarında hava kalitesi, altlık yönetimi, ekipman temizliği ve gübre uzaklaştırma sıklığının beklenenden daha zayıf olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca verim performansı, hayvan hastalıkları ve yapılan tedavilere ilişkin çiftlik kayıtların tutulmadığı görülmüştür. Otlatma, sağım, kuzu bakımı, sıfat ve kırkım işlemlerinin geleneksel yöntemlerle ve ağırlıkla makine kullanmadan yapıldığı anlaşılmıştır. Pırlak koyun ırkı onlarca yıldır bu bölgeye uyum sağlamış dayanıklı yerli bir ırk olduğu için yapılacak ıslah çalışmaları bu ırkın performansını artırabilecektir. Sonuç olarak, Emirdağ'da bulunan Pırlak koyunculuk işletmelerinin hayvan yönetimi kapasitelerinin kamu mali teşviklerinin arttırılması ve koyun yetiştiriciliği, hayvan sağlığı ve refahı ile işletme ekonomisi konularında çiftçilerin eğitimi ile desteklenebileceği kanaatine varılmıştır.
Keywords
Emirdağ ilçesi Hayvan yönetimi uygulamaları İşletme büyüklüğü Pırlak koyunculuk işletmeleri
Project Number
16.Kariyer.129
References
- Alcedo MJ, Ito K, Maeda K. Stockmanship competence and its relation to productivity and economic profitability: The context of backyard goat production in the Philippines. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 2015; 28(3): 428.
- Babai D, Molnár Z. Small-scale traditional management of highly species-rich grasslands in the Carpathians. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2014; (182):123-130.
- Bozkurt Z, Kılıç İ, Hacan Ö, Lenger FÖ. The effects of Human-Animal Interactions on Animal Welfare. Kocatepe Vet J. 2013; 6(1):41-50.
- Caroprese M, Napolıtano F, Mattıello S, Fthenakıs, GC, Rıbó O, Sevı A. On-farm welfare monitoring of small ruminants. Small Ruminant Research. 2016; 135:20-25.
- Caroprese M. Sheep housing and welfare. Small ruminant research. 2008; 76(1-2):21-25.
- Dwyer CM. The welfare of the neonatal lamb. Small Ruminant Research. 2008; 76(1-2): 31-41.
- Dwyer CM. Welfare of sheep: providing for welfare in an extensive environment. Small Rumin. Res. 2009; 86: 14–21. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2009.09.010.
- Fedele D, Pizzillo M, Claps S, Morand-Fehr P, Rubino R. Grazing behaviour and diet selection of goats on native pasture in Southern Italy. Small Ruminant Res. 1993; 11:305-322.
- Fourie PJ, Mahlako SR, Van der Westhuizen C. Assessment of the management practices of emerging sheep production systems in the Eastern Free State: can the extensionist make a difference?. South African Journal of Agricultural Extension. 2018; 46(2):57-68.
- Fregonesı JA, Leaver JD. Behaviour, performance and health indicators of welfare for dairy cows housed in strawyard or cubicle systems. Livest. Prod. Sci. 2001; 68:205-216.
- Goddard P. Welfare assessment in sheep. In Practice. 2011; 33(10):508-516.
- Lawson D. The effects of predators on sheep farming in Natal: an opinion survey. South African Journal of Wildlife Research-24-month delayed open Access. 1989; 19(1): 4-10.
- Le Neindre P, Guemene D, Arnould C, Leterrier C, Faure JM, Prunier A, Meunier-Salaün MC. Space, environmental design and behaviour: Effect of space and environment on animal welfare. In Global Conference on animal welfare: an OIE initiative. 2004;23-25.
- Liu HW, Cao Y, Zhou DW. Effects of shade on welfare and meat quality of grazing sheep under high ambient temperature. Journal of animal science. 2012; 90(13):4764-4770.
- Middleton, B. A. Rediscovering traditional vegetation management in preserves: Trading experiences between cultures and continents. Biological Conservation, 2013, 158, 271-279.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Sciences |
| Journal Section | RESEARCH ARTICLE |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | 16.Kariyer.129 |
| Early Pub Date | March 31, 2023 |
| Publication Date | March 31, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | February 22, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 16 Issue: 1 |
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