Surfaktan ve Çiftlik Hayvanlarında "Yenidoğan Solunum Güçlüğü Sendromu"

Ahu Demirtaş; İlksin Pişkin

Research Article

Surfaktan ve Çiftlik Hayvanlarında "Yenidoğan Solunum Güçlüğü Sendromu"

Year 2014, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 28 - 41, 30.06.2014

Ahu Demirtaş İlksin Pişkin

Abstract

Öz: Surfaktan, akciğerlerdeki tip II alveoler hücrelerden salınan, alveollerdeki yüzey gerilimini düşürerek akciğerlerin sönmelerini engelleyen lipoprotein yapıda yüzey aktif bir maddedir. Ayrıca akciğerlerdeki lokal savunma sistemlerini düzenleyen immunolojik görevleri de vardır. Yenidoğanların ilk solunum hareketlerinin ardından alveollerin kollabe olmamaları için fötal dönemde yeterli miktarda surfaktanın alveol lumenine salınmış olması şarttır. Fötal dönemin geç aşamalarında salınımı başlayan surfaktan miktarı, akciğerlerin gelişim düzeylerini belirleyen önemli bir parametredir. Surfaktan eksikliğine bağlı akciğer olgunlaşma yetersizliği ile doğan yavrularda solunum fonksiyonlarının devamı ve yavrunun hayatı tehlike altına girmektedir. Surfaktanın eksik salınması solunum sistemi enfeksiyonlarına ve allerjenlerine karşı duyarlılığa da yol açabilmektedir. Çiftlik hayvanlarında surfaktan salınımı insanlara kıyasla doğuma çok yakın bir dönemde, günler hatta saatlerle sınırlı kısa süreler içerisinde gerçekleşmektedir. Bu durum çiftlik hayvanlarını, surfaktan eksikliğine bağlı gelişen “yenidoğan solunum güçlüğü sendromu”na (neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, NRDS) oldukça yatkın hale getirmektedir. Bu nedenle, çiftlik hayvanlarında surfaktan salınımıyla ilgili fizyolojik süreçlerin ve bu bağlamda NRDS’nin fizyopatolojisinin bilinmesi, hastalığın öngörülmesi, önlenmesi ve tedavi edilmesine katkı sağlayacaktır. Anahtar Sözcükler: Akciğer, solunum güçlüğü, surfaktan, yenidoğan

Keywords

Akciğer, solunum güçlüğü, surfaktan, yenidoğan

References

1. Amiel-Tison C, Cabrol D, Denver R, et al. 2004. Fetal adaptation to stres. Early Hum. Dev. 78: 15-27.
2. Avery MF, Mead I. 1959. Surface properties in relation to atelactasis and hyaline membrane disease. Am. J. Dis. Child. 97: 517-523.
3. Bland RD. 2001. Loss of liquid from the lung lumen in labor: more than a simple “squeeze”. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 280: 602- 605.
4. Blazyk J. 2012. A biochemical view of lung surfactant and RDS. www.oucom.ohiou.edu/dbmswitmer/Downloads/Blazyk%2011-21-01.pdf. (Erişim tarihi: 15.05.2012).
5. Benson BJ, Kitterman JA, Clements JA, et al. 1983. Changes in phospholipid composition of lung surfactant during development in the fetal lamb. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 753: 83-88.
6. Castagnetti C, Mariella J, Serrazanetti GP, et al. 2007. Evaluation of lung maturity by amniotic fluid analysis in equine neonate. Theriogenelogy. 67: 1455-1462.
7. Christmann U, Buechner-Maxwell VA, Witonsky SG, et al. 2009. Role of lung surfactant in respiratory disease: Current knowledge in large animal medicine. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 23: 227-242.
8. Clements JA. 1956. Dependence of pressure-volume characteristics of lungs on intrinsic surface-active material. Am. J. Physiol. 187: 592.
9. Clements JA, Avery ME. 1998. Lung surfactant and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 157: 59- 66.
10. Danlois F, Zaltash S, Johansson J, et al. 2003. Pulmonary surfactant from healthy Belgian White and Blue and Holstein Friesian calves: Biochemical and biophysical comparison. Vet. J. 165: 65-72.
11. Danlois F, Zaltash S, Johansson J, et al. 2000. Very low surfactant protein C contents in newborn Belgian White and Blue calves with distress syndrome. Biochem. 351: 779-787.
12. Eigenmann UJ, Schoon HA, Jahn D, et al. 1984. Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in the calf. Vet. Rec. 114: 141-144.
13. Fecteau ME, Palmer JE, Wilkins PA. 2005. Neonatal care of high risk cloned and transgenic calves. Vet. Clin. North Am. Equine Pract. 21: 637- 653.
14. Frerking I, Gurther A, Seeger W, et al. 2001. Pulmonary surfactant: functions, abnormalities and therapeutic options. Intensive Care Med. 27: 1699-1717.
15. Gibson EA, Blackmore RJ, Wijeratme WV, et al. 1976. The “barker” (neonatal respiratory distress) syndrome in the pig: Its occurance in the field. Vet. Rec. 98: 476-479.
16. Guyton AC, Hall JE. 2007. Tıbbi fizyoloji, 11th edition. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevi, s. 474- 1044.
17. Hohlfeld JM. 2002. The role of surfactant in asthma. Respir. Res. 3: 4. 18. Hume R, Conner C, Gilmour M. 1996. Lung maturation. P. Nutr. Soc. 55: 529-542.
19. Karapınar T, Dabak M. 2008. Treatment of premature calves with clinically diagnosed respiratory distress syndrome. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 22: 462-466.
20. Lester GD. 2003. Foal diseases. Robinson NE, ed. Current therapy in equine medicine 5. Philadelphia, P.A: Saunders. p. 631-697.
21. Macpherson MC. 2000. Induction of parturition. Ball BA, ed. Recent advances in equine theriogenelogy. Publisher: International Veterinary Information Service. p. 1-6.
22. Mahaffey LW, Rossdale PD. 1959. A convulsive syndrome in newborn foals resembling pulmonary syndrome in newborn infants. Lancet. 7085: 1223-1225.
23. Manktelow BW, Baskerville A. 1972. Respiratory distress syndrome in newborn puppies. J. Small Anim. Pract. 13: 329-332.
24. Mc Geady TM, Quinn PJ, Fitz Patrick ES, et al. 2006. Veterinary embriyology. UK: Blackwell Publishing, p. 229.
25. Meyerholz DK, Kawashima K, Gallup JM, et al. 2006. Expression of select immune genes (surfactant proteins A and D, sheep beta defensin 1, and toll-like receptor 4) by respiratory epithelia is developmentally regulated in the preterm neonatal lamb. Dev. Comp. Immunol. 30: 1060-1069.
26. Neergaard K. 1929. Neue Auffassungen uber einen Grundbegriff der Atemmechanik. Die Retraktionskraft der Lunge, abhangig von der Oberflachenspannung in den Alveolen. Z. Gesamte Exp. Med. 66: 373-394.
27. Noter RH. 2000. Lung surfactants: Basic science and clinical applications. Claude L. ed. Lung biology in health and disease. New York: Decker Publishing, p. 207-248.
28. Noyan A. 2003. Yaşamda ve hekimlikte fizyoloji, 13. Baskı. Ankara: Meteksan Yayınevi, s. 516.
29. Pattle RE. 1955. Properties, function and origin of the alveoler lining layer. Nature. 175: 1125-1126.
30. Pockels A. 1891. Surface tension. Nature. 43: 437-439.
31. Rau GA, Vieten G, Haitsma JJ. 2004. Surfactant in newborn compared with adolescent pigs: Adaptation to neonatal respiration. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 30: 694-701.
32. Rossdale PD, Silver M. 1982. The concept of readiness for birth. J. Reprod. Fert. 32 (suppl): 507-510.
33. Rossdale PD, Pattle RE, Mahaffey LW. 1967. Respiratory distress in a newborn foal with failure to form lung lining fluid. Nature. 215: 1498- 1499.
34. Rota A, Crisci A, Maranghi L, et al. 2006. Concentration of lamaller bodies and the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio in equine amniotic fluid at the time of delivery. Vet. Res. Commun. 30: 203- 206.
35. Saxena S. 2005. Lung surfactant: The indispensable component of respiratory mechanics. Resonance. 10: 91-96.
36. Schmidt M, Sangild PT, Blum JW, et al. 2003. Combined ACTH and glucocorticoid treatment improves survival and organ maturation in premature newborn calves. Theriogenelogy. 61: 1729-1744.
37. Vestweber JG. 1997. Respiratory problems of newborn calves. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract. 13: 411-424.
38. Wilkins PA, Otto CM, Baumgardner JE, et al. 2007. Acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndromes in veterinary medicine: Consensus definitions. The Dorothy Havemeyer Working Group on ALI and ARDS in veterinary medicine. J. Vet. Emergency Crit. Care. 17: 333- 339.
39. Williams MA, Schmidt AR, Carleton CL, et al. 1992. Short communication: Amniotic fluid analysis for ante-partum foetal assessment in the horse. Equine Veterinary Journal. 24: 236-238.

Surfactant and “Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome” in Livestock Animals

Year 2014, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 28 - 41, 30.06.2014

Ahu Demirtaş İlksin Pişkin

Abstract

Surfactant, a lipoprotein complex, is a surface-active material released from the alveoler type II cells and prevents the pulmonary collapse by lowering the surface tension. Surfactant has also immunological functions which regulate local defence systems in the lungs. A sufficient amount of surfactant has to be secreted to alveoler lumen at fetal period so that the alveoli do not collapse after the first respiratory movements of neonates. The amount of surfactant which begins to be released at late stages of fetal period, is an important parameter that determines the level of lung development. The continuity of respiration, namely the survival of newborn comes under threat in neonates born with insufficient lung maturation due to lack of surfactant. Inadequate release of surfactant may also cause sensitivity to respiratory infections and allergens. The release of surfactant occur at a period very closed to delivery time and limited to days or even hours in livestock animals when compared with humans. This makes the livestock animals highly susceptible to “neonatal respiratory distress syndrome” (NRDS) which occurs due to surfactant deficiency. So, the knowledge of physiological processes related to secretion of surfactant and the pathophysiology of NRDS in livestock animals will contribute to prediction, prevention and treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.

Keywords

Lung, neonatal, respiratory distress, surfactant

References

1. Amiel-Tison C, Cabrol D, Denver R, et al. 2004. Fetal adaptation to stres. Early Hum. Dev. 78: 15-27.
2. Avery MF, Mead I. 1959. Surface properties in relation to atelactasis and hyaline membrane disease. Am. J. Dis. Child. 97: 517-523.
3. Bland RD. 2001. Loss of liquid from the lung lumen in labor: more than a simple “squeeze”. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 280: 602- 605.
4. Blazyk J. 2012. A biochemical view of lung surfactant and RDS. www.oucom.ohiou.edu/dbmswitmer/Downloads/Blazyk%2011-21-01.pdf. (Erişim tarihi: 15.05.2012).
5. Benson BJ, Kitterman JA, Clements JA, et al. 1983. Changes in phospholipid composition of lung surfactant during development in the fetal lamb. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 753: 83-88.
6. Castagnetti C, Mariella J, Serrazanetti GP, et al. 2007. Evaluation of lung maturity by amniotic fluid analysis in equine neonate. Theriogenelogy. 67: 1455-1462.
7. Christmann U, Buechner-Maxwell VA, Witonsky SG, et al. 2009. Role of lung surfactant in respiratory disease: Current knowledge in large animal medicine. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 23: 227-242.
8. Clements JA. 1956. Dependence of pressure-volume characteristics of lungs on intrinsic surface-active material. Am. J. Physiol. 187: 592.
9. Clements JA, Avery ME. 1998. Lung surfactant and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 157: 59- 66.
10. Danlois F, Zaltash S, Johansson J, et al. 2003. Pulmonary surfactant from healthy Belgian White and Blue and Holstein Friesian calves: Biochemical and biophysical comparison. Vet. J. 165: 65-72.
11. Danlois F, Zaltash S, Johansson J, et al. 2000. Very low surfactant protein C contents in newborn Belgian White and Blue calves with distress syndrome. Biochem. 351: 779-787.
12. Eigenmann UJ, Schoon HA, Jahn D, et al. 1984. Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in the calf. Vet. Rec. 114: 141-144.
13. Fecteau ME, Palmer JE, Wilkins PA. 2005. Neonatal care of high risk cloned and transgenic calves. Vet. Clin. North Am. Equine Pract. 21: 637- 653.
14. Frerking I, Gurther A, Seeger W, et al. 2001. Pulmonary surfactant: functions, abnormalities and therapeutic options. Intensive Care Med. 27: 1699-1717.
15. Gibson EA, Blackmore RJ, Wijeratme WV, et al. 1976. The “barker” (neonatal respiratory distress) syndrome in the pig: Its occurance in the field. Vet. Rec. 98: 476-479.
16. Guyton AC, Hall JE. 2007. Tıbbi fizyoloji, 11th edition. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevi, s. 474- 1044.
17. Hohlfeld JM. 2002. The role of surfactant in asthma. Respir. Res. 3: 4. 18. Hume R, Conner C, Gilmour M. 1996. Lung maturation. P. Nutr. Soc. 55: 529-542.
19. Karapınar T, Dabak M. 2008. Treatment of premature calves with clinically diagnosed respiratory distress syndrome. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 22: 462-466.
20. Lester GD. 2003. Foal diseases. Robinson NE, ed. Current therapy in equine medicine 5. Philadelphia, P.A: Saunders. p. 631-697.
21. Macpherson MC. 2000. Induction of parturition. Ball BA, ed. Recent advances in equine theriogenelogy. Publisher: International Veterinary Information Service. p. 1-6.
22. Mahaffey LW, Rossdale PD. 1959. A convulsive syndrome in newborn foals resembling pulmonary syndrome in newborn infants. Lancet. 7085: 1223-1225.
23. Manktelow BW, Baskerville A. 1972. Respiratory distress syndrome in newborn puppies. J. Small Anim. Pract. 13: 329-332.
24. Mc Geady TM, Quinn PJ, Fitz Patrick ES, et al. 2006. Veterinary embriyology. UK: Blackwell Publishing, p. 229.
25. Meyerholz DK, Kawashima K, Gallup JM, et al. 2006. Expression of select immune genes (surfactant proteins A and D, sheep beta defensin 1, and toll-like receptor 4) by respiratory epithelia is developmentally regulated in the preterm neonatal lamb. Dev. Comp. Immunol. 30: 1060-1069.
26. Neergaard K. 1929. Neue Auffassungen uber einen Grundbegriff der Atemmechanik. Die Retraktionskraft der Lunge, abhangig von der Oberflachenspannung in den Alveolen. Z. Gesamte Exp. Med. 66: 373-394.
27. Noter RH. 2000. Lung surfactants: Basic science and clinical applications. Claude L. ed. Lung biology in health and disease. New York: Decker Publishing, p. 207-248.
28. Noyan A. 2003. Yaşamda ve hekimlikte fizyoloji, 13. Baskı. Ankara: Meteksan Yayınevi, s. 516.
29. Pattle RE. 1955. Properties, function and origin of the alveoler lining layer. Nature. 175: 1125-1126.
30. Pockels A. 1891. Surface tension. Nature. 43: 437-439.
31. Rau GA, Vieten G, Haitsma JJ. 2004. Surfactant in newborn compared with adolescent pigs: Adaptation to neonatal respiration. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 30: 694-701.
32. Rossdale PD, Silver M. 1982. The concept of readiness for birth. J. Reprod. Fert. 32 (suppl): 507-510.
33. Rossdale PD, Pattle RE, Mahaffey LW. 1967. Respiratory distress in a newborn foal with failure to form lung lining fluid. Nature. 215: 1498- 1499.
34. Rota A, Crisci A, Maranghi L, et al. 2006. Concentration of lamaller bodies and the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio in equine amniotic fluid at the time of delivery. Vet. Res. Commun. 30: 203- 206.
35. Saxena S. 2005. Lung surfactant: The indispensable component of respiratory mechanics. Resonance. 10: 91-96.
36. Schmidt M, Sangild PT, Blum JW, et al. 2003. Combined ACTH and glucocorticoid treatment improves survival and organ maturation in premature newborn calves. Theriogenelogy. 61: 1729-1744.
37. Vestweber JG. 1997. Respiratory problems of newborn calves. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract. 13: 411-424.
38. Wilkins PA, Otto CM, Baumgardner JE, et al. 2007. Acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndromes in veterinary medicine: Consensus definitions. The Dorothy Havemeyer Working Group on ALI and ARDS in veterinary medicine. J. Vet. Emergency Crit. Care. 17: 333- 339.
39. Williams MA, Schmidt AR, Carleton CL, et al. 1992. Short communication: Amniotic fluid analysis for ante-partum foetal assessment in the horse. Equine Veterinary Journal. 24: 236-238.

There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Subjects	Health Care Administration
Journal Section	Makaleler
Authors	Ahu Demirtaş İlksin Pişkin
Publication Date	June 30, 2014
Submission Date	April 23, 2014
Published in Issue	Year 2014 Volume: 2 Issue: 1

Cite

APA	Demirtaş, A., & Pişkin, İ. (2014). Surfaktan ve Çiftlik Hayvanlarında "Yenidoğan Solunum Güçlüğü Sendromu". Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute, 2(1), 28-41.
AMA	Demirtaş A, Pişkin İ. Surfaktan ve Çiftlik Hayvanlarında "Yenidoğan Solunum Güçlüğü Sendromu". Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute. June 2014;2(1):28-41.
Chicago	Demirtaş, Ahu, and İlksin Pişkin. “Surfaktan Ve Çiftlik Hayvanlarında ‘Yenidoğan Solunum Güçlüğü Sendromu’”. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute 2, no. 1 (June 2014): 28-41.
EndNote	Demirtaş A, Pişkin İ (June 1, 2014) Surfaktan ve Çiftlik Hayvanlarında "Yenidoğan Solunum Güçlüğü Sendromu". Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute 2 1 28–41.
IEEE	A. Demirtaş and İ. Pişkin, “Surfaktan ve Çiftlik Hayvanlarında ‘Yenidoğan Solunum Güçlüğü Sendromu’”, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 28–41, 2014.
ISNAD	Demirtaş, Ahu - Pişkin, İlksin. “Surfaktan Ve Çiftlik Hayvanlarında ‘Yenidoğan Solunum Güçlüğü Sendromu’”. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute 2/1 (June 2014), 28-41.
JAMA	Demirtaş A, Pişkin İ. Surfaktan ve Çiftlik Hayvanlarında "Yenidoğan Solunum Güçlüğü Sendromu". Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute. 2014;2:28–41.
MLA	Demirtaş, Ahu and İlksin Pişkin. “Surfaktan Ve Çiftlik Hayvanlarında ‘Yenidoğan Solunum Güçlüğü Sendromu’”. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute, vol. 2, no. 1, 2014, pp. 28-41.
Vancouver	Demirtaş A, Pişkin İ. Surfaktan ve Çiftlik Hayvanlarında "Yenidoğan Solunum Güçlüğü Sendromu". Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute. 2014;2(1):28-41.

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