The effects of glycemic control on malondialdehyde modified low-density-lipoprotein-immunglobulin G levels in type 2 diabetics

Alper Ozdemir; Hale Aral; Fusun Erdenen; Rabia Bilge Ozdemir; Omer Emecen; Guvenc Guvenen; Cuneyt Muderrisoglu

doi:10.17546/msd.91056

The effects of glycemic control on malondialdehyde modified low-density-lipoprotein-immunglobulin G levels in type 2 diabetics

Year 2016, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 76 - 80, 15.02.2016

Alper Ozdemir Hale Aral Fusun Erdenen Rabia Bilge Ozdemir Omer Emecen Guvenc Guvenen Cuneyt Muderrisoglu

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is investigation of effect of glycemic control on the levels of malondialdehyde-low-density-lipoprotein-immunglobulin G (MDA-LDL-IgG) which is supposed to be positively correlated with myocardial infarction risk in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Material and Method: We evaluated the levels of glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), hemoglobin A1c (A1C) and MDA-LDL-IgG in subjects with well-controlled DM (W-DM, <7% HbA1c, n=18), poorly-controlled DM (P-DM, >7% HbA1c, n=22) and in non-diabetics (Non-DM, n=15).

Results: There were no significant differences between P-DM and W-DM groups for triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-C levels but these tests were significantly low in the Non-DM group compared to other groups (respectively, p=0.002, p<0.001 and p=0.001). There was no significant difference between W-DM and Non-DM groups for MDA-LDL-IgG levels, but in P-DM group they were significantly higher compared to W-DM and Non-DM (p=0.002). There was a positive correlation between A1C andMDA-LDL-IgG levels (r=0.463, p= p=0.001).

Conclusion: These findings suggest that the normalization of blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetics may persuade the reduced rate of the formation of new antigenic epitopes on the LDL via non-enzymatic glycosylation. The regulation of diabetes may be improved by reducing antibody formation against the MDA-LDL although there is no effect on lipid levels. A1C may not only be a good indicator of blood glucose control but also a good predictor for diabetes-related macro vascular complications.

Keywords

Type 2 diabetes mellitus; A1C; glycemic control; Cholesterol; MDA; LDL

References

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2. Çeti̇nkalp DŞ. Tip 1 Diyabet ve Otoimmunite. Turkiye Klinikleri J Endocrin-Special Topics. 2010;3(2):51–8.
3. Dursunoğlu D, Evrengül H, Kaftan A, Kiliç M, Sermez Y. Koroner Ateroskleroz ve Diyabet. Turkiye Klinikleri J Cardiol. 2004;17(1):55–60.
4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Diabetes Statistics Report, 2014 [Internet]. 2014. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/data/statistics/2014statisticsre port.html
5. Çeviker T, Sametoğlu F, Aksoy F, Özdemir AT, Aral H, Güvenen G. The Evaluation of TNF-α and CRP as Inflammatory Markers in Type 2 Diabetes-Related Complications. Istanbul Med J. 2008;9(4):58–60.
6. Gurcan Z, Polat H, Muderrisoglu C, Besler M, Ozgul RB. A Comparison of Insulin Resistance Between Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Patients. Istanbul Medical Journal. 2011;12(2):65–8.
7. Poda M. Kalitsal Dislipdemi Fenotipleri ve Genetik İlişkiler Üzerine (Derleme). Deneysel Tip Araştirma Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2011;1(2):14–9.
8. Goldstein JL, Brown MS. History of Discovery: The LDL Receptor. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2009 Apr;29(4):431–8.
9. Brown MS, Goldstein JL. Lipoprotein metabolism in the macrophage: implications for cholesterol deposition in atherosclerosis. Annu Rev Biochem. 1983;52:223–61.
10. Parmaksiz İ. Advanced Glycation End-Products in Complications of Diabetes Mellitus. MMJ. 2011;24(3):141–8.
11. Kurban S, Mehmetoğlu İ. Okside Düşük Dansiteli Lipoprotein Otoantikorlari ve Klinik Önemi. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2005;25(1):73–84.
12. Binder CJ, Shaw PX, Chang M-K, Boullier A, Hartvigsen K, Hörkkö S, et al. Thematic review series: The Immune System and Atherogenesis. The role of natural antibodies in atherogenesis. J Lipid Res. 2005 Jul 1;46(7):1353–63.
13. Hansson GK, Libby P, Schönbeck U, Yan Z-Q. Innate and Adaptive Immunity in the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis. Circulation Research. 2002 Aug 23;91(4):281–91.
14. Andersson J, Libby P, Hansson GK. Adaptive immunity and atherosclerosis. Clinical Immunology. 2010 Ocak;134(1):33–46.
15. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Lancet. 1998 Sep 12;352(9131):837–53.
16. Lathief S, Inzucchi SE. Approach to diabetes management in patients with CVD. Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine [Internet]. [cited 2015 Nov 13];0(0). Available from: http://www.tcmonline.org/article/S1050173815001504/abst ract
17. Holman RR, Paul SK, Bethel MA, Matthews DR, Neil HAW. 10-Year Follow-up of Intensive Glucose Control in Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine. 2008 Oct 9;359(15):1577–89.
18. Long-Term Effects of Intensive Glucose Lowering on Cardiovascular Outcomes. New England Journal of Medicine. 2011 Mar 3;364(9):818–28.
19. Palinski W, Rosenfeld ME, Ylä-Herttuala S, Gurtner GC, Socher SS, Butler SW, et al. Low density lipoprotein undergoes oxidative modification in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Feb;86(4):1372–6.
20. Virella G, Lopes-Virella MF. Lipoprotein autoantibodies: measurement and significance. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2003 Jul;10(4):499–505.
21. Li W, Febbraio M, Reddy SP, Yu D-Y, Yamamoto M, Silverstein RL. CD36 participates in a signaling pathway that regulates ROS formation in murine VSMCs. J Clin Invest. 2010 Nov;120(11):3996–4006.
22. Lopes-Virella MF, Baker NL, Hunt KJ, Lyons TJ, Jenkins AJ, Virella G, et al. High concentrations of AGE-LDL and oxidized LDL in circulating immune complexes are associated with progression of retinopathy in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2012 Jun;35(6):1333–40.
23. Lopes-Virella MF, Hunt KJ, Baker NL, Moritz T, Virella G. The Levels of MDA - LDL in Circulating Immune Complexes predict Myocardial Infarction in the VADT study. Atherosclerosis. 2012 Oct;224(2):526–31.
24. Varki A, Cummings RD, Esko JD, Freeze HH, Stanley P, Bertozzi CR, et al. Essentials of Glycobiology. 2009 [cited 2015 Nov 17]; Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1908/
25. Bucala R, Makita Z, Koschinsky T, Cerami A, Vlassara H. Lipid advanced glycosylation: pathway for lipid oxidation in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jul 15;90(14):6434–8.
26. Saad AF, Virella G, Chassereau C, Boackle RJ, LopesVirella MF. OxLDL immune complexes activate complement and induce cytokine production by MonoMac 6 cells and human macrophages. J Lipid Res. 2006 Sep;47(9):1975–83.
27. Erciyas F, Taneli F, Arslan B, Uslu Y. Glycemic control, oxidative stress, and lipid profile in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Arch Med Res. 2004 Apr;35(2):134–40.

The effects of glycemic control on malondialdehyde modified low-density- lipoprotein-immunglobulin G levels in type 2 diabetics

Year 2016, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 76 - 80, 15.02.2016

Alper Ozdemir Hale Aral Fusun Erdenen Rabia Bilge Ozdemir Omer Emecen Guvenc Guvenen Cuneyt Muderrisoglu

Abstract

References

1. Calti Gur C, Polat H, Muderrisoglu C, Altunoglu E, Yilmaz M. In Patients with Type-2 Diabetes, Diabetes Regulation, Hba1c, Duration of Diabetes, BMI, Dyslipidemia, and Microalbuminuria Compared with Macrovascular Complications. Istanbul Medical Journal. 2013 Dec 19;14(4):243–7.
2. Çeti̇nkalp DŞ. Tip 1 Diyabet ve Otoimmunite. Turkiye Klinikleri J Endocrin-Special Topics. 2010;3(2):51–8.
3. Dursunoğlu D, Evrengül H, Kaftan A, Kiliç M, Sermez Y. Koroner Ateroskleroz ve Diyabet. Turkiye Klinikleri J Cardiol. 2004;17(1):55–60.
4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Diabetes Statistics Report, 2014 [Internet]. 2014. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/data/statistics/2014statisticsre port.html
5. Çeviker T, Sametoğlu F, Aksoy F, Özdemir AT, Aral H, Güvenen G. The Evaluation of TNF-α and CRP as Inflammatory Markers in Type 2 Diabetes-Related Complications. Istanbul Med J. 2008;9(4):58–60.
6. Gurcan Z, Polat H, Muderrisoglu C, Besler M, Ozgul RB. A Comparison of Insulin Resistance Between Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Patients. Istanbul Medical Journal. 2011;12(2):65–8.
7. Poda M. Kalitsal Dislipdemi Fenotipleri ve Genetik İlişkiler Üzerine (Derleme). Deneysel Tip Araştirma Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2011;1(2):14–9.
8. Goldstein JL, Brown MS. History of Discovery: The LDL Receptor. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2009 Apr;29(4):431–8.
9. Brown MS, Goldstein JL. Lipoprotein metabolism in the macrophage: implications for cholesterol deposition in atherosclerosis. Annu Rev Biochem. 1983;52:223–61.
10. Parmaksiz İ. Advanced Glycation End-Products in Complications of Diabetes Mellitus. MMJ. 2011;24(3):141–8.
11. Kurban S, Mehmetoğlu İ. Okside Düşük Dansiteli Lipoprotein Otoantikorlari ve Klinik Önemi. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2005;25(1):73–84.
12. Binder CJ, Shaw PX, Chang M-K, Boullier A, Hartvigsen K, Hörkkö S, et al. Thematic review series: The Immune System and Atherogenesis. The role of natural antibodies in atherogenesis. J Lipid Res. 2005 Jul 1;46(7):1353–63.
13. Hansson GK, Libby P, Schönbeck U, Yan Z-Q. Innate and Adaptive Immunity in the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis. Circulation Research. 2002 Aug 23;91(4):281–91.
14. Andersson J, Libby P, Hansson GK. Adaptive immunity and atherosclerosis. Clinical Immunology. 2010 Ocak;134(1):33–46.
15. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Lancet. 1998 Sep 12;352(9131):837–53.
16. Lathief S, Inzucchi SE. Approach to diabetes management in patients with CVD. Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine [Internet]. [cited 2015 Nov 13];0(0). Available from: http://www.tcmonline.org/article/S1050173815001504/abst ract
17. Holman RR, Paul SK, Bethel MA, Matthews DR, Neil HAW. 10-Year Follow-up of Intensive Glucose Control in Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine. 2008 Oct 9;359(15):1577–89.
18. Long-Term Effects of Intensive Glucose Lowering on Cardiovascular Outcomes. New England Journal of Medicine. 2011 Mar 3;364(9):818–28.
19. Palinski W, Rosenfeld ME, Ylä-Herttuala S, Gurtner GC, Socher SS, Butler SW, et al. Low density lipoprotein undergoes oxidative modification in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Feb;86(4):1372–6.
20. Virella G, Lopes-Virella MF. Lipoprotein autoantibodies: measurement and significance. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2003 Jul;10(4):499–505.
21. Li W, Febbraio M, Reddy SP, Yu D-Y, Yamamoto M, Silverstein RL. CD36 participates in a signaling pathway that regulates ROS formation in murine VSMCs. J Clin Invest. 2010 Nov;120(11):3996–4006.
22. Lopes-Virella MF, Baker NL, Hunt KJ, Lyons TJ, Jenkins AJ, Virella G, et al. High concentrations of AGE-LDL and oxidized LDL in circulating immune complexes are associated with progression of retinopathy in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2012 Jun;35(6):1333–40.
23. Lopes-Virella MF, Hunt KJ, Baker NL, Moritz T, Virella G. The Levels of MDA - LDL in Circulating Immune Complexes predict Myocardial Infarction in the VADT study. Atherosclerosis. 2012 Oct;224(2):526–31.
24. Varki A, Cummings RD, Esko JD, Freeze HH, Stanley P, Bertozzi CR, et al. Essentials of Glycobiology. 2009 [cited 2015 Nov 17]; Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1908/
25. Bucala R, Makita Z, Koschinsky T, Cerami A, Vlassara H. Lipid advanced glycosylation: pathway for lipid oxidation in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jul 15;90(14):6434–8.
26. Saad AF, Virella G, Chassereau C, Boackle RJ, LopesVirella MF. OxLDL immune complexes activate complement and induce cytokine production by MonoMac 6 cells and human macrophages. J Lipid Res. 2006 Sep;47(9):1975–83.
27. Erciyas F, Taneli F, Arslan B, Uslu Y. Glycemic control, oxidative stress, and lipid profile in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Arch Med Res. 2004 Apr;35(2):134–40.

There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Journal Section	Research Article
Authors	Alper Ozdemir Hale Aral This is me Fusun Erdenen Rabia Bilge Ozdemir This is me Omer Emecen This is me Guvenc Guvenen This is me Cuneyt Muderrisoglu This is me
Publication Date	February 15, 2016
Published in Issue	Year 2016 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

APA	Ozdemir, A., Aral, H., Erdenen, F., Ozdemir, R. B., et al. (2016). The effects of glycemic control on malondialdehyde modified low-density-lipoprotein-immunglobulin G levels in type 2 diabetics. Medical Science and Discovery, 3(2), 76-80. https://doi.org/10.17546/msd.91056
AMA	Ozdemir A, Aral H, Erdenen F, Ozdemir RB, Emecen O, Guvenen G, Muderrisoglu C. The effects of glycemic control on malondialdehyde modified low-density-lipoprotein-immunglobulin G levels in type 2 diabetics. Med Sci Discov. February 2016;3(2):76-80. doi:10.17546/msd.91056
Chicago	Ozdemir, Alper, Hale Aral, Fusun Erdenen, Rabia Bilge Ozdemir, Omer Emecen, Guvenc Guvenen, and Cuneyt Muderrisoglu. “The Effects of Glycemic Control on Malondialdehyde Modified Low-Density-Lipoprotein-Immunglobulin G Levels in Type 2 Diabetics”. Medical Science and Discovery 3, no. 2 (February 2016): 76-80. https://doi.org/10.17546/msd.91056.
EndNote	Ozdemir A, Aral H, Erdenen F, Ozdemir RB, Emecen O, Guvenen G, Muderrisoglu C (February 1, 2016) The effects of glycemic control on malondialdehyde modified low-density-lipoprotein-immunglobulin G levels in type 2 diabetics. Medical Science and Discovery 3 2 76–80.
IEEE	A. Ozdemir, “The effects of glycemic control on malondialdehyde modified low-density-lipoprotein-immunglobulin G levels in type 2 diabetics”, Med Sci Discov, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 76–80, 2016, doi: 10.17546/msd.91056.
ISNAD	Ozdemir, Alper et al. “The Effects of Glycemic Control on Malondialdehyde Modified Low-Density-Lipoprotein-Immunglobulin G Levels in Type 2 Diabetics”. Medical Science and Discovery 3/2 (February 2016), 76-80. https://doi.org/10.17546/msd.91056.
JAMA	Ozdemir A, Aral H, Erdenen F, Ozdemir RB, Emecen O, Guvenen G, Muderrisoglu C. The effects of glycemic control on malondialdehyde modified low-density-lipoprotein-immunglobulin G levels in type 2 diabetics. Med Sci Discov. 2016;3:76–80.
MLA	Ozdemir, Alper et al. “The Effects of Glycemic Control on Malondialdehyde Modified Low-Density-Lipoprotein-Immunglobulin G Levels in Type 2 Diabetics”. Medical Science and Discovery, vol. 3, no. 2, 2016, pp. 76-80, doi:10.17546/msd.91056.
Vancouver	Ozdemir A, Aral H, Erdenen F, Ozdemir RB, Emecen O, Guvenen G, Muderrisoglu C. The effects of glycemic control on malondialdehyde modified low-density-lipoprotein-immunglobulin G levels in type 2 diabetics. Med Sci Discov. 2016;3(2):76-80.

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