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Superficial Fungal Infections in Children

Year 2016, Volume: 3 Issue: 7, 280 - 5, 15.07.2016
https://doi.org/10.17546/msd.77042

Abstract

Objective: The study was performed to determine the prevalence and the demographic characteristics of patients, who were diagnosed with superficial fungal infection at the dermatology department of two centers, and compare their epidemiologic data to those reported in the literature.

Material and Method: Files of 20716 children, between 0 and 16 years of age, who presented to the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic between 2011 and 2015, were investigated retrospectively. Of these, 518 children, diagnosed with superficial fungal infection, were evaluated with respect to age, gender, presence of systemic disease and demographics. The diagnosis and the laboratory investigations performed were recorded

Results: There were 251 girls (48%) and 267 boys (52%), diagnosed with superficial fungal infection. 8 types of superficial fungal infection were detected in 518 patients (2.5%). Assessment by age group revealed the following: 8.4% of the infection were observed between 0 and 2 years of age (n=44), 16.9% were observed (n=88) between 3 and 5 years of age, 34.9% were observed (n=181) between 6 and 11 years of age and 39.5% were observed between 11 and 16 years of age (n=205). Tinea corporis(26%, n=136) and pityriasis versicolor (19%, n=99), candidiasis (17%, n=86) and tinea pedis (14%, n=72) were the most commonly detected ones.

Conclusion: While superficial fungal infections occur less in children compared to adults, early diagnosis and treatment is important due to potentially permanent complications. In addition, with respect to preventive medicine, being aware of the factors that would reduce transmission would prevent occurrence of complications.

References

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  • Gul U. Superficial dermatophyte infections. Ankara Med J 2014; 14(3) :107-113.
  • 3-Mostafa FF, Hassan AAH, Soliman MI, et al. Prevalence of skin diseases among infants and children in Al Sharqia Governorate. Egypt Egyptian Dermatology Online Journal. 2012; 8 (1):4.
  • Nanda A, Al-Hasawi F, Alsaleh QA. A prospective survey of pediatric dermatology clinic patients in Kuwait. An analysis of 10,000 cases. Pediatr Dermatol 1999; 16:6-10.
  • Fung WK, Lo KK. Prevalence of skin disease among school children and adolescents in a student health service center in Hong Kong. Pediatr Dermatol 2000 ;17:440-6.
  • Sardana K, Mahajan S, Sarkar R. The spectrum of skin disease among Indian. Pediatr Dermatol 2009;26 (1):6-13.
  • Figueroa JI, Fuller LC, Abraha A, et al. The prevalence of skin disease among school children in rural Ethiopia--a preliminary assessment of dermatologic needs. Pediatr Dermatol 1996 ;13 (5):378-81.
  • Wenk C, Itin PH. Epidemiology of pediatric dermatology and allergology in the region of Aargau, Switzerland. Pediatr Dermatol 2003;20:482-87.
  • Oke OO, Onayemi O, Olasode OA, et al. The prevalence and pattern of superficial fungal infections among school children in Ile-Ife, South-Western Nigeria. Dermatol Res Pract 2014 ;Dec 10. Doi:10.1155/2014/842917.
  • Serarslan G, Akcalı C, Ozer C. Pattern of childhood skin diseases. Turk Aile Hek Derg 2007;11 (1):13-6.
  • Gul U, Cakmak SK, Gonul M, et al. Pediatric skin disorders encountered in a dermatology outpatient clinic in Turkey. Pediatric Dermatology. 2008;25(2):277-8.
  • Tamer E, Ilhan MN, Polat M, et al. Prevalence of skin diseases among pediatric patients in Turkey. J Dermatol 2008 Jul;35:413-8.
  • Karaca S, Kulac M, Demirel R, et al. The prevalence of skin conditions in preschool education centers in Afyonkarahisar. Turkiye Klinikleri J Dermatol 2007; 17 (1): 4-8.
  • Gur G. Childhood fungal infections. Turkderm 2011;45 (supp)109-16.
  • Paller AS ,Mancini AJ. Skin disorders due to fungi. Hurwitz Clinical Pediatric Dermatology, 2006, 3th Elsevier, Wb Sounders company printed in Chine 2006p:449-478.
  • Ertaş R, Kartal D, Utaş S. Clinical evaluation of superficial fungal infections in children. Turk J Dermatol 2015;9:186-9.
  • Aktaş A. Yüzeyel Mantar Hastalıkları. In: Tüzün Y, Katogyan A, Serdaroğlu S, et al. (eds) Pediatrik Dermatoloji, Nobel kitabevi, İstanbul,2005.P:645-54.
  • Kavak A, Parlak AH, Aydoğan I, et al. Düzce ve Bolu' da 13-19 yaş grubu gençlerde deri hastalıkları-retrospektif bir ön çalışma. Turkderm. 2001; 35 (3): 194-198.
  • Rioboo-CrespoMdel R, Planells-del Pozo P, Rioboo-García R. Epidemiology of the most oral mucosal diseases in children. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Buccal 2005;10:376-87.
  • Majorana A, Bardellini E, FLoccini P, et al. Oral mucosal lesions in children from 0 to 12 years old ; ten years' experience. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010 ;110;(1):13-8.
  • Baldani MH, Lopez CM, Scheidt WA. Prevalence of oral changes in children attending public pediatric clinics in Ponta Grossa. PR, Brazil 2001 15;4:302.
  • Yilmaz AE, Gorpelioğlu C, Sarifakioğlu E, et al. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions from birth to two years. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice 2011;14:349-353.
  • Kose O, Guven G, Ozmen I, et al. The oral mucosal lesions in preschool and school age Turkish children. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013;27:136-137.
  • Koksal F, Er E, Semati M. Causitive agents of superficial mycoses in Istanbul ,Turkey: retrospective study. Mycopathologia 2009;168(3):117-23.
  • Perez Gonzalez M, Torres Rodriguez JM, Martinez-Roig A, et al. Prevalance of tinea pedis, tinea unguium of toenails and tinea capitis. Rev Iberom Micol 2009 ;31: 26 228-32.
  • Hapcioglu B, YegenogluY, Disci R, et al. Epidemiology of superficial mycosis (tinea pedis, onychomycosis) in elementary school children in Istanbul, Turkey Coll. Antropol. 30 (2006) 1: 119–124.
  • Balci E, Gulgun M, Babacan O, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of tinea capitis and tinea pedis in school children in Turkey. J Pak Med Assoc. 2014 May;64(5):514-8.
  • Inanir I, Sahin MT, Gündüz K, et al. Prevalence of skin conditions in primary school children in Turkey differences based on socioeconomic factors. Pediatr Dermatol 2002 ;19:307-11.
  • Tekin NS, Sezer T, Altınyazar HC, et al. Prevalence of skin diseases in childhood in the region of Zonguldak: a five-year retrospective. Turkiye Klinikleri J Dermatol 2007;17:92-820.
  • Costsarelis G, Botchkarev VO. Disorders of hair and nails. In: Wolf K, Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, et al.( eds). Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology in General Medicine. 7rh edn. Newyork, Mc Graw Hill,2008; P: 739-35.
  • Gunes S, Calka O. The incidence of onychomycosis in primary children in Istanbul Tıp Araştırmaları Dergisi 2003;1(2):1-3.
  • Gupta AK, Skinner AR. Onychomycosis in children: A brief overview with treatment strategies. Pediatr Dermatol 2004;Vol. 21( 1) 74–79:74.
  • Philpot CC. Dermatophyte onycomycosis in children. Clin Exp Derm 1989;3:203-5.
  • Sobjanek M, Michajlowski, Konczalska M, et al. Childhood nail alterations in Polish population. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2012;20(2):95-7.
  • Gulgun M, Balci E, Karaoglu A, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of onychomycosis in primary school children living in rural and urban areas in Central Anatolia of Turkey. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2013;79(6):777-82.

Superficial fungal infections in children

Year 2016, Volume: 3 Issue: 7, 280 - 5, 15.07.2016
https://doi.org/10.17546/msd.77042

Abstract

References

  • Uksal U, Ferahbas A. Dermatomycosis in childhood. Turkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr Sci 2005;1(4):33-6.
  • Gul U. Superficial dermatophyte infections. Ankara Med J 2014; 14(3) :107-113.
  • 3-Mostafa FF, Hassan AAH, Soliman MI, et al. Prevalence of skin diseases among infants and children in Al Sharqia Governorate. Egypt Egyptian Dermatology Online Journal. 2012; 8 (1):4.
  • Nanda A, Al-Hasawi F, Alsaleh QA. A prospective survey of pediatric dermatology clinic patients in Kuwait. An analysis of 10,000 cases. Pediatr Dermatol 1999; 16:6-10.
  • Fung WK, Lo KK. Prevalence of skin disease among school children and adolescents in a student health service center in Hong Kong. Pediatr Dermatol 2000 ;17:440-6.
  • Sardana K, Mahajan S, Sarkar R. The spectrum of skin disease among Indian. Pediatr Dermatol 2009;26 (1):6-13.
  • Figueroa JI, Fuller LC, Abraha A, et al. The prevalence of skin disease among school children in rural Ethiopia--a preliminary assessment of dermatologic needs. Pediatr Dermatol 1996 ;13 (5):378-81.
  • Wenk C, Itin PH. Epidemiology of pediatric dermatology and allergology in the region of Aargau, Switzerland. Pediatr Dermatol 2003;20:482-87.
  • Oke OO, Onayemi O, Olasode OA, et al. The prevalence and pattern of superficial fungal infections among school children in Ile-Ife, South-Western Nigeria. Dermatol Res Pract 2014 ;Dec 10. Doi:10.1155/2014/842917.
  • Serarslan G, Akcalı C, Ozer C. Pattern of childhood skin diseases. Turk Aile Hek Derg 2007;11 (1):13-6.
  • Gul U, Cakmak SK, Gonul M, et al. Pediatric skin disorders encountered in a dermatology outpatient clinic in Turkey. Pediatric Dermatology. 2008;25(2):277-8.
  • Tamer E, Ilhan MN, Polat M, et al. Prevalence of skin diseases among pediatric patients in Turkey. J Dermatol 2008 Jul;35:413-8.
  • Karaca S, Kulac M, Demirel R, et al. The prevalence of skin conditions in preschool education centers in Afyonkarahisar. Turkiye Klinikleri J Dermatol 2007; 17 (1): 4-8.
  • Gur G. Childhood fungal infections. Turkderm 2011;45 (supp)109-16.
  • Paller AS ,Mancini AJ. Skin disorders due to fungi. Hurwitz Clinical Pediatric Dermatology, 2006, 3th Elsevier, Wb Sounders company printed in Chine 2006p:449-478.
  • Ertaş R, Kartal D, Utaş S. Clinical evaluation of superficial fungal infections in children. Turk J Dermatol 2015;9:186-9.
  • Aktaş A. Yüzeyel Mantar Hastalıkları. In: Tüzün Y, Katogyan A, Serdaroğlu S, et al. (eds) Pediatrik Dermatoloji, Nobel kitabevi, İstanbul,2005.P:645-54.
  • Kavak A, Parlak AH, Aydoğan I, et al. Düzce ve Bolu' da 13-19 yaş grubu gençlerde deri hastalıkları-retrospektif bir ön çalışma. Turkderm. 2001; 35 (3): 194-198.
  • Rioboo-CrespoMdel R, Planells-del Pozo P, Rioboo-García R. Epidemiology of the most oral mucosal diseases in children. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Buccal 2005;10:376-87.
  • Majorana A, Bardellini E, FLoccini P, et al. Oral mucosal lesions in children from 0 to 12 years old ; ten years' experience. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010 ;110;(1):13-8.
  • Baldani MH, Lopez CM, Scheidt WA. Prevalence of oral changes in children attending public pediatric clinics in Ponta Grossa. PR, Brazil 2001 15;4:302.
  • Yilmaz AE, Gorpelioğlu C, Sarifakioğlu E, et al. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions from birth to two years. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice 2011;14:349-353.
  • Kose O, Guven G, Ozmen I, et al. The oral mucosal lesions in preschool and school age Turkish children. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013;27:136-137.
  • Koksal F, Er E, Semati M. Causitive agents of superficial mycoses in Istanbul ,Turkey: retrospective study. Mycopathologia 2009;168(3):117-23.
  • Perez Gonzalez M, Torres Rodriguez JM, Martinez-Roig A, et al. Prevalance of tinea pedis, tinea unguium of toenails and tinea capitis. Rev Iberom Micol 2009 ;31: 26 228-32.
  • Hapcioglu B, YegenogluY, Disci R, et al. Epidemiology of superficial mycosis (tinea pedis, onychomycosis) in elementary school children in Istanbul, Turkey Coll. Antropol. 30 (2006) 1: 119–124.
  • Balci E, Gulgun M, Babacan O, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of tinea capitis and tinea pedis in school children in Turkey. J Pak Med Assoc. 2014 May;64(5):514-8.
  • Inanir I, Sahin MT, Gündüz K, et al. Prevalence of skin conditions in primary school children in Turkey differences based on socioeconomic factors. Pediatr Dermatol 2002 ;19:307-11.
  • Tekin NS, Sezer T, Altınyazar HC, et al. Prevalence of skin diseases in childhood in the region of Zonguldak: a five-year retrospective. Turkiye Klinikleri J Dermatol 2007;17:92-820.
  • Costsarelis G, Botchkarev VO. Disorders of hair and nails. In: Wolf K, Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, et al.( eds). Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology in General Medicine. 7rh edn. Newyork, Mc Graw Hill,2008; P: 739-35.
  • Gunes S, Calka O. The incidence of onychomycosis in primary children in Istanbul Tıp Araştırmaları Dergisi 2003;1(2):1-3.
  • Gupta AK, Skinner AR. Onychomycosis in children: A brief overview with treatment strategies. Pediatr Dermatol 2004;Vol. 21( 1) 74–79:74.
  • Philpot CC. Dermatophyte onycomycosis in children. Clin Exp Derm 1989;3:203-5.
  • Sobjanek M, Michajlowski, Konczalska M, et al. Childhood nail alterations in Polish population. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2012;20(2):95-7.
  • Gulgun M, Balci E, Karaoglu A, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of onychomycosis in primary school children living in rural and urban areas in Central Anatolia of Turkey. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2013;79(6):777-82.
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ayse Akbas

Fadime Kilinc

Ibrahim Yakut

Ahmet Metin

Publication Date July 15, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 3 Issue: 7

Cite

APA Akbas, A., Kilinc, F., Yakut, I., Metin, A. (2016). Superficial Fungal Infections in Children. Medical Science and Discovery, 3(7), 280-5. https://doi.org/10.17546/msd.77042
AMA Akbas A, Kilinc F, Yakut I, Metin A. Superficial Fungal Infections in Children. Med Sci Discov. July 2016;3(7):280-5. doi:10.17546/msd.77042
Chicago Akbas, Ayse, Fadime Kilinc, Ibrahim Yakut, and Ahmet Metin. “Superficial Fungal Infections in Children”. Medical Science and Discovery 3, no. 7 (July 2016): 280-5. https://doi.org/10.17546/msd.77042.
EndNote Akbas A, Kilinc F, Yakut I, Metin A (July 1, 2016) Superficial Fungal Infections in Children. Medical Science and Discovery 3 7 280–5.
IEEE A. Akbas, F. Kilinc, I. Yakut, and A. Metin, “Superficial Fungal Infections in Children”, Med Sci Discov, vol. 3, no. 7, pp. 280–5, 2016, doi: 10.17546/msd.77042.
ISNAD Akbas, Ayse et al. “Superficial Fungal Infections in Children”. Medical Science and Discovery 3/7 (July 2016), 280-5. https://doi.org/10.17546/msd.77042.
JAMA Akbas A, Kilinc F, Yakut I, Metin A. Superficial Fungal Infections in Children. Med Sci Discov. 2016;3:280–5.
MLA Akbas, Ayse et al. “Superficial Fungal Infections in Children”. Medical Science and Discovery, vol. 3, no. 7, 2016, pp. 280-5, doi:10.17546/msd.77042.
Vancouver Akbas A, Kilinc F, Yakut I, Metin A. Superficial Fungal Infections in Children. Med Sci Discov. 2016;3(7):280-5.