Chronic Pain Experience According to the Transactional Stress and Coping Model: Associations between Different Pain Measures and Health Outcomes

Ayla Hocaoğlu Uzunkaya; H. Özlem Sertel Berk

doi:10.18863/pgy.1239250

Research Article

Transaksiyonel Stres ve Başetme Modeline Göre Kronik Ağrı Yaşantısı: Farklı Ağrı Ölçümleri ve Sağlık Sonuçları Arasındaki İlişkiler

Year 2023, Volume: 15 Issue: Supplement 1, 95 - 109, 29.12.2023

Ayla Hocaoğlu Uzunkaya H. Özlem Sertel Berk

https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1239250

Abstract

Lazarus ve Folkman’ın Transaksiyonel Stres ve Başa Çıkma Modeli’ne göre kronik ağrı bir stres kaynağı olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Model, kişi ve çevre arasındaki etkileşime vurgu yapmakta ve bir stres kaynağının kişinin yaşamındaki etkilerini incelerken birincil (ağrı şiddeti ve/veya sıklığı) ve ikincil değerlendirmelere ( ağrıdan duyulan acı ve/veya rahatsızlık) odaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada kronik ağrı, bir stres türü olarak tanımlanmış ve ağrı stresi üç farklı şekilde ölçülmüştür: tek boyutlu ağrı stresi (sadece birincil değerlendirme), çok boyutlu ağrı stresi (hem birincil hem ikincil değerlendirmelerin toplamı), transaksiyonel ağrı stresi (hem birincil hem ikincil değerlendirmelerin çarpımı). Çalışmanın amacı, üç farklı ağrı stresi ölçümü ile sonuç değişkenler olan ağrıya bağlı engellilik, olumsuz duygudurum ve günlük aktivite düzeyi arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektir. Çalışma farklı türlerden kronik ağrı yaşantısı olan 167 kişiyle yürütülmüştür. Veri toplama araçları olarak Sosyodemog-rafik Özellikler ve Ağrı Bilgi Formu, Görsel Analog Skalası, West Haven Yale Çok Boyutlu Ağrı Envanteri ve Ya-şam Değişimleri Anketi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçlarında tek boyutlu ağrı stresi ile engellilik ve olumsuz duygudurum (sırasıyla; r(1,167) = 0.33; 0.36); çok boyutlu ağrı stresi ile engellilik ve olumsuz duygudurum (sırasıyla; r(1,167) = 0.51; 0.38); transaksiyonel ağrı stresi ile engellilik, olumsuz duygudurum (sırasıyla; r(1,167) = 0.43; 0.37) ve günlük aktivite (r(1,167)=-0.24) arasında anlamlı düzeyde ilişkilerin olduğu görülmek-tedir. Sonuçlar, ağrı deneyiminin değerlendirilmesinde yeni ölçümlerin önemine işaret etmektedir.

Keywords

kronik ağrı, ağrı stresi, ağrıya bağlı engellilik

References

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Chronic Pain Experience According to the Transactional Stress and Coping Model: Associations between Different Pain Measures and Health Outcomes

Year 2023, Volume: 15 Issue: Supplement 1, 95 - 109, 29.12.2023

Ayla Hocaoğlu Uzunkaya H. Özlem Sertel Berk

https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1239250

Abstract

According to Lazarus and Folkman's Transactional Stress and Coping Model, chronic pain is defined as a source of stress. The model emphasizes the interaction between the person and the environment and focuses on primary (pain severity and/or frequency) and secondary appraisals (pain and/or discomfort from pain) when examining the effects of a stressor on a person's life. In this study, chronic pain was defined as a type of stress and pain stress was measured in three different ways: unidimensional pain stress (primary appraisal only), multidimensional pain stress (sum of both primary and secondary appraisals), and transactional pain stress (product of both primary and secondary appraisals). The aim of the study was to examine the relationships between the three different pain stress measures and the outcome variables of pain-related disability, negative mood and daily activity level. The study was conducted with 167 individuals with different types of chronic pain. Sociodemographic Characteristics and Pain Information Form, Visual Analog Scale, West Haven Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory and Life Changes Questionnaire were used as data collection tools. The results of the study showed that there were significant relationships between unidimensional pain stress and disability and negative mood (r(1,167) = 0.33; 0.36, respectively); multidimensional pain stress and disability and negative mood (r(1,167) = 0.51; 0.38, respectively); transactional pain stress and disability, negative mood (r(1,167) = 0.43; 0.37, respectively) and daily activity (r(1,167) = -0.24). The results indicate the significance of new measures in the assessment of pain experience.

Keywords

Chronic pain, pain stress, pain disability, daily activities

References

Ahlstrand I, Vaz S, Falkmer T, Thyberg I, Björk M (2017) Self-efficacy and pain acceptance as mediators of the relationship between pain and performance of valued life activities in women and men with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rehabil, 31:824-834.
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Ayonrinde OT, Ayonrinde OA, Adams LA, Sanfilippo FM, O’Sullivan TA, Robinson M et al. (2020) The relationship between abdominal pain and emotional wellbeing in children and adolescents in the Raine Study. Sci Rep, 10:1-11.
Aytar G (1985) Life events, depression and anxiety in an university population (Uzmanlık tezi). İstanbul, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi.
Azevedo LF, Costa-Pereira A, Mendonça L, Dias CC, Castro-Lopes JM (2012) Epidemiology of chronic pain: a population-based nationwide study on its prevalence, characteristics and associated disability in Portugal. J Pain, 13:773-783.
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Ghosh SN, Sharma T (2010) Life events stress and chronic pain. Psychol Stud, 55: 46-51.
Gignac MA, Davis AM, Hawker G, Wright JG, Mahomed N, Fortin PR et al. (2006) “What do you expect? You're just getting older”: a comparison of perceived osteoarthritis‐related and aging‐related health experiences in middle‐and older‐age adults. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken), 55:905-912.
Haefeli M, Elfering A (2006) Pain assessment. Eur Spine J, 15:S17-S24.
Häuser W, Brähler E, Wolfe F, Henningsen P (2014) Patient Health Questionnaire 15 as a generic measure of severity in fibromyalgia syndrome: surveys with patients of three different settings. J Psychosom Res, 76:307-311.
Homann D, Stefanello JMF, Góes SM, Breda CA, Paiva EDS, Leite N (2012) Stress perception and depressive symptoms: functionality and impact on the quality of life of women with fibromyalgia. Rev Bras Reumatol, 52:324-330.
Houde F, Cabana F, Léonard G (2016) Does age affect the relationship between pain and disability? A descriptive study in individuals suffering from chronic low back pain. J Geriatr Phys Ther, 39:140-145.
Jones J, Rutledge DN, Jones KD, Matallana L, Rooks DS (2008) Self-assessed physical function levels of women with fibromyalgia: a national survey. Womens Health Issues, 18:406-412.
Keefe FJ, Rumble ME, Scipio CD, Giordano LA, Perri LM (2004) Psychological aspects of persistent pain: current state of the science. J Pain, 5:195-211.
Kerns RD, Turk DC, Rudy TE (1985) The West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain İnventory (WHYMPI). Pain, 23:345-356.
Lami MJ, Martínez MP, Miró E, Sánchez AI, Guzmán MA (2018) Catastrophizing, acceptance, and coping as mediators between pain and emotional distress and disability in fibromyalgia. J Clin Psychol Med Settings, 25:80-92.
Langley P, Müller-Schwefe G, Nicolaou A, Liedgens H, Pergolizzi J, Varrassi G (2010) The societal impact of pain in the European Union: health-related quality of life and healthcare resource utilization. J Med Econ, 13:571-581.
Lazarus RS (2006) Stress and emotion: A new synthesis. New York, Springer.
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Lee H, Hübscher M, Moseley GL, Kamper SJ, Traeger AC, Mansell G et al. (2015) How does pain lead to disability? A systematic review and meta-analysis of mediation studies in people with back and neck pain. Pain, 156:988-997.
Lerman SF, Rudich Z, Brill S, Shalev H, Shahar G (2015) Longitudinal associations between depression, anxiety, pain, and pain-related disability in chronic pain patients. Psychosom Med, 77:333-341.
Liossi C, Howard RF (2016) Pediatric chronic pain: biopsychosocial assessment and formulation. Pediatrics, 138:e20160331.
Lumley MA, Cohen JL, Borszcz GS, Cano A, Radcliffe AM, Porter LS et al. (2011) Pain and emotion: a biopsychosocial review of recent research. J Clin Psychol, 67:942-968.
Martinez-Calderon J, Jensen MP, Morales-Asencio JM, Luque-Suarez A (2019) Pain catastrophizing and function in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Clin J Pain, 35:279-293.
McCracken LM, Eccleston C (2005) A prospective study of acceptance of pain and patient functioning with chronic pain. Pain, 118:164-169.
Matthieu MM, Ivanoff A (2006) Using stress, appraisal, and coping theories in clinical practice: Assessments of coping strategies after disasters. Brief Treat Cris Interv, 6:337-348.
Merskey H (1994) Pain terms: a current list with definitions and notes on usage. In Classification of Chronic Pain, 2nd ed. 209-214. Seattle, IASP Press.
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Ojeda B, Salazar A, Dueñas M, Torres LM, Micó JA, Failde I (2014) The impact of chronic pain: the perspective of patients, relatives, and caregivers. Fam Syst Health, 32:399-407.
Peters ML (2015) Emotional and cognitive influences on pain experience. Mod Trends Pharmacopsychiatr, 30:138-152.
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Primary Language	English
Subjects	Psychology
Journal Section	Research
Authors	Ayla Hocaoğlu Uzunkaya 0000-0002-3444-0309 H. Özlem Sertel Berk 0000-0002-3045-3903
Early Pub Date	May 6, 2023
Publication Date	December 29, 2023
Acceptance Date	May 6, 2023
Published in Issue	Year 2023 Volume: 15 Issue: Supplement 1

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AMA	Hocaoğlu Uzunkaya A, Sertel Berk HÖ. Chronic Pain Experience According to the Transactional Stress and Coping Model: Associations between Different Pain Measures and Health Outcomes. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry. December 2023;15(Supplement 1):95-109. doi:10.18863/pgy.1239250

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