Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

FOOTBALL INJURIES IN EARLY REPUBLIC ERA OF TÜRKİYE: A DETAILED CONTENT ANALYSIS OF NEWSPAPER COPIES

Year 2022, Volume: 29 Issue: 3, 462 - 475, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1142520

Abstract

Objective
Aim of study is to determine the football injuries that
occurred in football matches played in 1937-1938
National Cluster (in Turkish: Milli Küme) Football
Season by using newspaper clippings of period and to
analyze the content with the current sports medicine
approach.
Material and Method
In study, in order to examine the sports injuries in
1937-1938 football season, newspapers of period
to be used in content analysis were determined.
These newspapers were reviewed from digital
archive at www.gastearsivi.com. In study, which did
not require ethics committee approval in terms of
its scope, football injuries mentioned in newspaper
clippings were categorized according to football injury
classification.
Results
A total of 37 sports injuries were detected in 48 games
played throughout the season. Among these 37
injuries, when we analyzed according to injury type,
38% (n=14) contusion, 24% (n=9) strain or sprain, 13%
(n=5) concussion, 11% (n=4) laceration, 8% (n=3)
fatigue, 3% (n=1) blunt abdominal trauma, and 3%
(n=1) disease; when we examined according to injury
site, 59% (n=22) lower extremity, 24% (n=9) head,
11% (n=4) whole body, 3% (n=1) upper extremity and
3% (n=1) abdominal region injuries were detected.
64% (n=24) of these injuries were caused by contact,
36% (n=13) by non-contact injury mechanism.
Conclusion
Football injuries were common in 1937-38 National
Cluster season. Although the diagnosis and/or
treatment approaches are different from today's
due to medical and sports conditions of period, it is
valuable to be able to comment on period in line with
information obtained from the newspaper clippings. In
line with this result, we believe that our study will shed
light on similar studies to be conducted in the future
methodologically.

References

  • 1. Cenikli A, Dalkiliç M, Yiğit E, Bozkurt V. Modern futbolun tarihi. Diyalektolog. 2017; 14:53-63.
  • 2. Zelyurt MK. Türkiye'de futbolun tarihine bir bakış: Toplumsal sonuçları açısından futbol ve siyaset ilişkisi. Turkish Studies. 2014;9(2):1763-80.
  • 3. Arıpınar E, Artun TÜ, Atabeyoğlu C, Aydin N, Hiçyılmaz E, San H, et al. Türk Futbol Tarihi.1st. Ankara: Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu Yayınları; 1992;79-80.
  • 4. IFAB. Law 12 fouls and misconduct [Internet]. Theifab. 2022 [cited 15 April 2022]. Available from: https://www.theifab.com/ laws/latest/fouls-and-misconduct/
  • 5. Lale O. Futbolun değişimi ve dönüşümü (1863–2020). The Journal Of Social Science. 2020;4(8):497-510.
  • 6. Cetin C, Ercan S, Calım B. Analysis of sports injuries in a professional football club. Med dello Sport. 2020;73(1):107-16.
  • 7. Ercan S, Başkurt Z, Başkurt F, Büyükdemir M, Kolcu G, Çetin C. Elit futbolcularda alt ekstremite yaralanması sonrası hareket korkusu ve egzersiz öz yeterliliği. Journal Of Exercise Therapy And Rehabilitation (JETR). 2021;8(2):160-7.
  • 8. Hirschmüller A. Paralympic sports. In: Krutsch W, Mayr HO, Musahl V, Della Villa F, Tscholl PM, Jones H. Injury And Health Risk Management In Sports. Berlin, Heidelberg, 2020; 711-8.
  • 9. Jones S, Almousa S, Gibb A, Allamby N, Mullen R, Andersen TE, et al. Injury incidence, prevalence and severity in high-level male youth football: a systematic review. Sports Med. 2019;49(12):1879-99.
  • 10. Ekstrand J, Hägglund M, Waldén M. Injury incidence and injury patterns in professional football: The UEFA injury study. Br J Sports Med. 2011;45(7):553-8.
  • 11. Ekstrand J, Krutsch W, Spreco A, Van Zoest W, Roberts C, Meyer T, et al. Time before return to play for the most common injuries in professional football: A 16-year follow-up of the UEFA elite club injury study. Br J Sports Med. 2020;54(7):421-6.
  • 12. Fuller CW, Ekstrand J, Junge A, Andersen Te, Bahr R, Dvorak J, et al. Consensus statement on injury definitions and data collection procedures in studies of football (soccer) injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2006;16(2):83-92.
  • 13. Krutsch V, Grechenig S, Loose O, Achenbach L, Zellner J, Striegel H, et al. Injury analysis in professional soccer by means of media reports–only severe injury types show high validity. Open Access J Sports Med. 2020;11:123-31.
  • 14. Bompa TO, Keskin İ, Tuner B, Küçükgöz H, Bağırgan T. Antrenman Kuramı Ve Yöntemi:Dönemleme. 6th ed. Ankara: Spor Yayınevi Ve Kitabevi; 2011.
  • 15. Kreher JB. Diagnosis and prevention of overtraining syndrome: An opinion on education strategies. Open Access J Sports Med. 2016;7:115-22.
  • 16. BCA, 490-1-0-0/1277-246-1/02.03.1938. 1938a.
  • 17. BCA, 490-1-0-0/1277-247-1/30.06.1938. 1938b.
  • 18. DA. DA, 539/220288-213313-5/02-05-1952 1952.
  • 19. Cumhuriyet Gazetesi, 20 Mayıs 1938, 6.
  • 20. Haber Gazetesi, 27 Mart 1938, 6.
  • 21. Cumhuriyet Gazetesi, 23 Mayıs 1938, 6.
  • 22. Kurun Gazetesi, 11 Nisan 1938, 7.
  • 23. Ulus Gazetesi, 11 Nisan 1938, 7.
  • 24. Son Posta Gazetesi, 11 Nisan 1938, 7.
  • 25. .Haber Gazetesi, 11 Nisan 1938, 8.
  • 26. Cumhuriyet Gazetesi, 2 Mayıs 1938, 6.
  • 27. Ulus Gazetesi, 2 Mayıs 1938, 7.
  • 28. Ulvi Yenal, Akşam Gazetesi, 2 Mayıs 1938, 8.
  • 29. Son Posta Gazetesi, 9 Mayıs 1938, 7.
  • 30. Haber Gazetesi, 9 Mayıs 1938, 8.
  • 31. Yildirim DS, Akalan C, Ersöz G. Sporda beyin sarsıntısının (concussion) etkileri: Sistematik derleme. Spormetre. 2020;18(4):14-27.
  • 32. Akşam Gazetesi, 27 Mart 1938, 11.
  • 33. Yeni Asır Gazetesi, 27 Mart 1938, 4.
  • 34. Cumhuriyet Gazetesi,27 Mart 1938, 6.
  • 35. Ulus Gazetesi, 27 Mart 1938, 7.
  • 36. Son Posta Gazetesi, 27 Mart 1938, 14.
  • 37. Ulus Gazetesi, 21 Şubat 1938, 5.
  • 38. Akşam Gazetesi, 21 Şubat 1938, 8.
  • 39. Haber Gazetesi, 21 Şubat 1938, 9.
  • 40. Yeniasır Gazetesi, 21 Şubat, 1938, 2.
  • 41. Cumhuriyet Gazetesi, 29 Mayıs 1938, 6.
  • 42. Ulus Gazetesi, 14 Şubat 1938, 8.
  • 43. Son Posta Gazetesi, 21 Mayıs 1938, 14.
  • 44. Akşam Gazetesi, 14 Mart 1938, 8.
  • 45. Ulus Gazetesi, 28 Şubat 1938, 5.
  • 46. Pedrinelli A, Cunha Filho Gard, Thiele ES, Kullak OP. Epidemiological study on professional football injuries during the 2011 Copa America, Argentina. Rev Bras Ortop. 2013;48:131-6.
  • 47. Yamaner F, Gumusdag H, Kartal A, Gumus M, Gullu A, Imamoglu O. The prevalence of injuries in professional Turkish soccer players. Biomedical Human Kinetics. 2011;3:6-9.
  • 48. Cromwell F, Walsh J, Gormley J. A Pilot study examining injuries in elite gaelic footballers. Br J Sports Med. 2000;34(2):104-8.
  • 49. Hawkins RD, Fuller CW. A Prospective epidemiological study of injuries in four English professional football clubs. Br J Sports Med. 1999;33(3):196-203.
  • 50. Hawkins R, Hulse M, Wilkinson C, Hodson A, Gibson M. The Association football medical research programme: An audit of injuries in professional football. Br J Sports Med. 2001;35(1):43- 7.
  • 51. Junge A, Dvorak J, Graf-Baumann T. Football injuries during the World Cup 2002. Am J Sports Med. 2004;32(1 Suppl):23-7.
  • 52. Ekstrand J, Gillquist J. Soccer injuries and their mechanisms: A prospective study. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1983;15(3):267-70.
  • 53. Ekstrand J, Hägglund M, Waldén M. Epidemiology of muscle injuries in professional football (soccer). Am J Sports Med. 2011;39(6):1226-32.
  • 54. Lüthje P, Nurmi I, Kataja M, Belt E, Helenius P, Kaukonen J, et al. Epidemiology and traumatology of injuries in elite soccer: A prospective study in Finland. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 1996;6(3):180-5.
  • 55. Hubertus V, Marklund N, Vajkoczy P. Management of concussion in soccer. Acta Neurochir. 2019;161(3):425-33.
  • 56. Tucker AM. Common soccer injuries. Sports Med. 1997;23(1):21-32.
  • 57. Khakimov S, Zaki P, Hess J, Hennrikus W. Abdominal organ injuries in youth soccer: A case series and review of literature. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2021;20(2):69-75.
  • 58. Dinçer Ş, Ertuna A. Aşırı antrenman sendromu. Turk J Sports Med. 2020;55(1):61-8.
  • 59. Lenjani B, Rashiti P, Shabani G, Demiri A, Pelaj B, Demi A, et al. Emergency medical care and management of sports injuries on the football court. Albanian Journal Of Trauma And Emergency Surgery. 2021;5(1):773-7.

ERKEN CUMHURİYET DÖNEMİ TÜRKİYE’SİNDE FUTBOL YARALANMALARI: GAZETE KUPÜRLERİNİN BETİMSEL İÇERİK ANALİZİ

Year 2022, Volume: 29 Issue: 3, 462 - 475, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1142520

Abstract

Amaç
Çalışmanın amacı 1937-1938 Milli Küme Futbol sezonunda
oynanan futbol müsabakalarında gerçekleşen
futbol yaralanmalarını, dönemin gazete kupürlerinden
faydalanarak tespit edip güncel spor hekimliği yaklaşımıyla
içerik analizine tabi tutmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem
Çalışmada 1937-1938 futbol sezonundaki spor yaralanmalarını
incelemek üzere dönemin gazetelerinden
içerik analizinde kullanılacaklar belirlendi. Bu gazeteler
www.gastearsivi.com web adresindeki dijital arşivden
incelendi. Kapsamı bakımından etik kurul onayı
gerektirmeyen çalışmada, gazete kupürlerinde konu
edilen futbol yaralanmaları, futbolda yaralanma sınıflamasına
göre kategorize edildi.
Bulgular
Sezon boyunca oynanan 48 maçta toplam 37 adet
spor yaralanması tespit edilmiştir. Bu 37 yaralanma
içinde, yaralanma tipine göre %38 (n=14) kontüzyon,
%24 (n=9) strain veya sprain, %13 (n=5) konküzyon,
%11 (n=4) laserasyon, %8 (n=3) yorgunluk, %3 (n=1)
künt batın travması ve %3 (n=1) hastalık hadisesi;
yaralanma bölgesine göre incelediğimizde ise %59
(n=22) alt ekstremite, %24 (n=9) kafa, %11 (n=4) tüm
vücut, %3 (n=1) üst ekstremite ve %3 (n=1) karın bölgesinde
yaralanma olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu yaralanmaların
%64’ü kontakt (n=24), %36’sı (n=13) nonkontakt
yaralanma mekanizmasıyla gerçekleşmiştir.
Sonuç
1937-38 Milli Küme sezonunda futbol yaralanmalarına
sıkça rastlanmıştır. Dönemin tıbbi ve sportif şartlarından
dolayı tanı ve/veya tedavi yaklaşımları günümüzden
farklı olsa da gazete kupürlerinden elde edilen
bilgiler doğrultusunda döneme ait yorum yapılabilmesi
değerlidir. Çalışmamızın bu sonuca uygun olarak
gelecekte yapılacak benzer çalışmalara metodolojik
olarak ışık tutacağına inanmaktayız.

References

  • 1. Cenikli A, Dalkiliç M, Yiğit E, Bozkurt V. Modern futbolun tarihi. Diyalektolog. 2017; 14:53-63.
  • 2. Zelyurt MK. Türkiye'de futbolun tarihine bir bakış: Toplumsal sonuçları açısından futbol ve siyaset ilişkisi. Turkish Studies. 2014;9(2):1763-80.
  • 3. Arıpınar E, Artun TÜ, Atabeyoğlu C, Aydin N, Hiçyılmaz E, San H, et al. Türk Futbol Tarihi.1st. Ankara: Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu Yayınları; 1992;79-80.
  • 4. IFAB. Law 12 fouls and misconduct [Internet]. Theifab. 2022 [cited 15 April 2022]. Available from: https://www.theifab.com/ laws/latest/fouls-and-misconduct/
  • 5. Lale O. Futbolun değişimi ve dönüşümü (1863–2020). The Journal Of Social Science. 2020;4(8):497-510.
  • 6. Cetin C, Ercan S, Calım B. Analysis of sports injuries in a professional football club. Med dello Sport. 2020;73(1):107-16.
  • 7. Ercan S, Başkurt Z, Başkurt F, Büyükdemir M, Kolcu G, Çetin C. Elit futbolcularda alt ekstremite yaralanması sonrası hareket korkusu ve egzersiz öz yeterliliği. Journal Of Exercise Therapy And Rehabilitation (JETR). 2021;8(2):160-7.
  • 8. Hirschmüller A. Paralympic sports. In: Krutsch W, Mayr HO, Musahl V, Della Villa F, Tscholl PM, Jones H. Injury And Health Risk Management In Sports. Berlin, Heidelberg, 2020; 711-8.
  • 9. Jones S, Almousa S, Gibb A, Allamby N, Mullen R, Andersen TE, et al. Injury incidence, prevalence and severity in high-level male youth football: a systematic review. Sports Med. 2019;49(12):1879-99.
  • 10. Ekstrand J, Hägglund M, Waldén M. Injury incidence and injury patterns in professional football: The UEFA injury study. Br J Sports Med. 2011;45(7):553-8.
  • 11. Ekstrand J, Krutsch W, Spreco A, Van Zoest W, Roberts C, Meyer T, et al. Time before return to play for the most common injuries in professional football: A 16-year follow-up of the UEFA elite club injury study. Br J Sports Med. 2020;54(7):421-6.
  • 12. Fuller CW, Ekstrand J, Junge A, Andersen Te, Bahr R, Dvorak J, et al. Consensus statement on injury definitions and data collection procedures in studies of football (soccer) injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2006;16(2):83-92.
  • 13. Krutsch V, Grechenig S, Loose O, Achenbach L, Zellner J, Striegel H, et al. Injury analysis in professional soccer by means of media reports–only severe injury types show high validity. Open Access J Sports Med. 2020;11:123-31.
  • 14. Bompa TO, Keskin İ, Tuner B, Küçükgöz H, Bağırgan T. Antrenman Kuramı Ve Yöntemi:Dönemleme. 6th ed. Ankara: Spor Yayınevi Ve Kitabevi; 2011.
  • 15. Kreher JB. Diagnosis and prevention of overtraining syndrome: An opinion on education strategies. Open Access J Sports Med. 2016;7:115-22.
  • 16. BCA, 490-1-0-0/1277-246-1/02.03.1938. 1938a.
  • 17. BCA, 490-1-0-0/1277-247-1/30.06.1938. 1938b.
  • 18. DA. DA, 539/220288-213313-5/02-05-1952 1952.
  • 19. Cumhuriyet Gazetesi, 20 Mayıs 1938, 6.
  • 20. Haber Gazetesi, 27 Mart 1938, 6.
  • 21. Cumhuriyet Gazetesi, 23 Mayıs 1938, 6.
  • 22. Kurun Gazetesi, 11 Nisan 1938, 7.
  • 23. Ulus Gazetesi, 11 Nisan 1938, 7.
  • 24. Son Posta Gazetesi, 11 Nisan 1938, 7.
  • 25. .Haber Gazetesi, 11 Nisan 1938, 8.
  • 26. Cumhuriyet Gazetesi, 2 Mayıs 1938, 6.
  • 27. Ulus Gazetesi, 2 Mayıs 1938, 7.
  • 28. Ulvi Yenal, Akşam Gazetesi, 2 Mayıs 1938, 8.
  • 29. Son Posta Gazetesi, 9 Mayıs 1938, 7.
  • 30. Haber Gazetesi, 9 Mayıs 1938, 8.
  • 31. Yildirim DS, Akalan C, Ersöz G. Sporda beyin sarsıntısının (concussion) etkileri: Sistematik derleme. Spormetre. 2020;18(4):14-27.
  • 32. Akşam Gazetesi, 27 Mart 1938, 11.
  • 33. Yeni Asır Gazetesi, 27 Mart 1938, 4.
  • 34. Cumhuriyet Gazetesi,27 Mart 1938, 6.
  • 35. Ulus Gazetesi, 27 Mart 1938, 7.
  • 36. Son Posta Gazetesi, 27 Mart 1938, 14.
  • 37. Ulus Gazetesi, 21 Şubat 1938, 5.
  • 38. Akşam Gazetesi, 21 Şubat 1938, 8.
  • 39. Haber Gazetesi, 21 Şubat 1938, 9.
  • 40. Yeniasır Gazetesi, 21 Şubat, 1938, 2.
  • 41. Cumhuriyet Gazetesi, 29 Mayıs 1938, 6.
  • 42. Ulus Gazetesi, 14 Şubat 1938, 8.
  • 43. Son Posta Gazetesi, 21 Mayıs 1938, 14.
  • 44. Akşam Gazetesi, 14 Mart 1938, 8.
  • 45. Ulus Gazetesi, 28 Şubat 1938, 5.
  • 46. Pedrinelli A, Cunha Filho Gard, Thiele ES, Kullak OP. Epidemiological study on professional football injuries during the 2011 Copa America, Argentina. Rev Bras Ortop. 2013;48:131-6.
  • 47. Yamaner F, Gumusdag H, Kartal A, Gumus M, Gullu A, Imamoglu O. The prevalence of injuries in professional Turkish soccer players. Biomedical Human Kinetics. 2011;3:6-9.
  • 48. Cromwell F, Walsh J, Gormley J. A Pilot study examining injuries in elite gaelic footballers. Br J Sports Med. 2000;34(2):104-8.
  • 49. Hawkins RD, Fuller CW. A Prospective epidemiological study of injuries in four English professional football clubs. Br J Sports Med. 1999;33(3):196-203.
  • 50. Hawkins R, Hulse M, Wilkinson C, Hodson A, Gibson M. The Association football medical research programme: An audit of injuries in professional football. Br J Sports Med. 2001;35(1):43- 7.
  • 51. Junge A, Dvorak J, Graf-Baumann T. Football injuries during the World Cup 2002. Am J Sports Med. 2004;32(1 Suppl):23-7.
  • 52. Ekstrand J, Gillquist J. Soccer injuries and their mechanisms: A prospective study. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1983;15(3):267-70.
  • 53. Ekstrand J, Hägglund M, Waldén M. Epidemiology of muscle injuries in professional football (soccer). Am J Sports Med. 2011;39(6):1226-32.
  • 54. Lüthje P, Nurmi I, Kataja M, Belt E, Helenius P, Kaukonen J, et al. Epidemiology and traumatology of injuries in elite soccer: A prospective study in Finland. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 1996;6(3):180-5.
  • 55. Hubertus V, Marklund N, Vajkoczy P. Management of concussion in soccer. Acta Neurochir. 2019;161(3):425-33.
  • 56. Tucker AM. Common soccer injuries. Sports Med. 1997;23(1):21-32.
  • 57. Khakimov S, Zaki P, Hess J, Hennrikus W. Abdominal organ injuries in youth soccer: A case series and review of literature. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2021;20(2):69-75.
  • 58. Dinçer Ş, Ertuna A. Aşırı antrenman sendromu. Turk J Sports Med. 2020;55(1):61-8.
  • 59. Lenjani B, Rashiti P, Shabani G, Demiri A, Pelaj B, Demi A, et al. Emergency medical care and management of sports injuries on the football court. Albanian Journal Of Trauma And Emergency Surgery. 2021;5(1):773-7.
There are 59 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ahmet Said Uyan 0000-0002-0878-3877

Ramazan Kürşat Erdaş 0000-0001-9206-7533

Aydan Örsçelik 0000-0002-8610-8869

Görkem Kıyak 0000-0003-4780-8480

Sabriye Ercan 0000-0001-9500-698X

Fuat İnce 0000-0002-2887-7512

Publication Date September 30, 2022
Submission Date July 8, 2022
Acceptance Date August 22, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 29 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Uyan AS, Erdaş RK, Örsçelik A, Kıyak G, Ercan S, İnce F. ERKEN CUMHURİYET DÖNEMİ TÜRKİYE’SİNDE FUTBOL YARALANMALARI: GAZETE KUPÜRLERİNİN BETİMSEL İÇERİK ANALİZİ. Med J SDU. 2022;29(3):462-75.

                                                                                               14791 


Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi/Medical Journal of Süleyman Demirel University is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International.