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Arpada Hücresel Apoptoz Hassasiyet (CAS) Geninin Susturularak Külleme Hastalığına Karşı Dirençte Etkisinin Belirlenmesi

Year 2018, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 40 - 51, 12.10.2018

Abstract

Ekonomik olarak önemli
bir tahıl bitkisi olan arpa, dünyada ekim alanı açısından buğday, çeltik ve
mısırdan sonra gelmektedir. Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh)
tarafından oluşturulan külleme hastalığı arpanın en önemli hastalıklarından
biridir. Hücresel Apoptoz Hassasiyet (Cellular apoptosis susceptiblity; CAS) geninin, arpada külleme hastalığı
sırasında ekspresyonunun arttığı tespit edilmiştir. R geni tarafından
yönetilen sinyal iletim mekanizmaları hakkında kısıtlı bilgi bulunduğu için,
CAS proteininin külleme direnci veya hassasiyeti sırasındaki fonksiyonu
anlaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. CAS proteininin patojene karşı oluşan tepki
sırasında rolünü anlamak için Arpa Çizgili Mozaik Virüsü (BSMV) tarafından indüklenen
gen susturma metodu uygulanmıştır. HvCAS geni susturulan bitki
örneklerinde kontrol grubuna (BSMV:00) göre mRNA seviyesi % 54 azalmıştır.
Fakat HvCAS geni susturulan bitki örneklerinde külleme hastalığına karşı
direnç veya hassasiyet tepkisinde önemli bir değişim saptanmamıştır.

References

  • Ausubel, F. M. 2005. Are innate immune signaling pathways in plants and animals conserved?. Nature Immunology, 6(10), 973-9.
  • Bai, Y., Pavan, S., Zheng, Z., Zappel, N.F., Reinstädler, A., Lotti, C., ve De Giovanni, C. 2008. Naturally occurring broad-spectrum powdery mildew resistance in a Central American tomato accession is caused by loss of mlo function. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 21(1), 30-9.
  • Baulcombe, D. C. 1999. Fast forward genetics based on virus-induced gene silencing. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2, 109–13.
  • Bhat, R. A., Miklis, M., Schmelzer, E., Schulze-Lefert, P., ve Panstruga, R. 2005. Recruitment and interaction dynamics of plant penetration resistance components in a plasma membrane microdomain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 102(8), 3135-40.
  • Brinkmann, U., Brinkmann, E., Gallo, M., ve Pastan, I. 1995. Cloning and characterization of a cellular apoptosis susceptibility gene, the human homologue to the yeast chromosome segregation gene CSE1. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 92(22), 10427–31.
  • Brinkmann, U., Brinkmann, E., Gallo, M., Scherf, U., ve Pastan, I. 1996. Role of CAS, a human homologue to the yeast chromosome segregation gene CSE1, in toxin and tumor necrosis factor mediated apoptosis. Biochemistry, 35(21), 6891–9.
  • Brinkmann, U. 1998. CAS, the human homologue of the yeast chromosome-segregation gene CSE1, in proliferation, apoptosis, and cancer. American Journal of Human Genetics, 62(3), 509–13.
  • Brunner, S., Stirnweis, D., Diaz Quijano, C., Buesing, G., Herren, G., Parlange, F., ve Barret, P. 2012. Transgenic Pm3 multilines of wheat show increased powdery mildew resistance in the field. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 10(4), 398-409.
  • Büschges, R., Hollricher, K., Panstruga, R., Simons, G., Wolter, M., Frijters, A., ve van Daelen, R. 1997. The barley Mlo gene: a novel control element of plant pathogen resistance. The Cell, 88(5), 695-705.
  • Cakir, C., Tör, M. 2010. Factors influencing Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus-mediated gene silencing in wheat. Physiological Molecular Plant Pathology, 1-24.
  • Consonni, C., Humphry, M. E., Hartmann, H. A., Livaja, M., Durner, J., Westphal, L., ve Vogel, J. 2006. Conserved requirement for a plant host cell protein in powdery mildew pathogenesis. Nature Genetics, 38(6), 716-20.
  • Dagdas, Y. F., Dagdas, G., Unver, T., ve Akkaya M. S. (2009). A new ZTL type F-box functions as a positive regulator in disease resistance: VIGS analysis in barley against powdery mildew. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 74, 41–44.
  • Dean, R., Van Kan, J. A. L., Pretorius, Z. A., Hammond-Kosack, K. E., Di Pietro, A., Spanu, P. D., ve Rudd, J. J. 2012. The Top 10 fungal pathogens in molecular plant pathology. Molecular Plant Pathology, 13(4), 414-30.
  • Dinesh-Kumar, R., Anandalakshmi, R., Marathe, M., ve Schiff, L., 2003. Virus-induced gene silencing. Methods in Molecular Biology, 236, 287-94.
  • Dubery, I. A., Sanabria, N. M., ve Huang, J. C. 2012. Nonself perception in plant innate immunity. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 738, 79-107.
  • Eichman, R., ve Huckelhoven, R. 2008. Accommodation of powdery mildew fungi in intact plant cells. Journal of Plant Physiology, 165, 5-18.
  • Flor, H. H. 1971. Current status of the gene-for-gene concept. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 9, 275-96.
  • Glawe, D. A. 2008. The powdery mildews: a review of the world’s most familiar (yet poorly known) plant pathogens. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 46, 27-51.
  • Hein, I., Barciszewska-Pacak, M., Hrubikova, K., Williamson, S., Dinesen M., Soenderby, I. E., Sundar. S. Jarmolowski. A., Shirasu, K., ve Lacomme, C. 2005. Virus-induced gene silencing-based functional characterization of genes associated with powdery mildew resistance in barley. Plant Physiology, 138, 2155-64.
  • Holzberg, S., Brosio, P., Gross, C., ve Pogue, G. P. 2002. Barley stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing in a monocot plant. The Plant Journal, 30(3), 315-27.
  • Humphry, M., Reinstädler, A., Ivanov, S., Bisseling, T., ve Panstruga, R. 2011. Durable broad-spectrum powdery mildew resistance in pea er1 plants is conferred by natural loss-of-function mutations in PsMLO1. Molecular Plant Pathology, 12(9), 866-78.
  • Ing, B. 1990. An introduction to British powdery mildews-1. Mycologist, 4(2), 88-90.
  • Inuma, T., Khodaparast, S. A., ve Takamatsu, S. 2007. Multilocus phylogenetic analyses within Blumeria graminis, a powdery mildew fungus of cereals. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 44(2), 741-51.
  • Jones, J.D.G.,ve Dangl, J.L. 2006. The plant immune system. Nature., 444(7117), 323-9.
  • Jørgensen, J. H. 1988. Erysiphe graminis, powdery mildew of cereals and grasses. Advances in Plant Pathology, 6, 135-57.
  • Kim, M. C., Panstruga, R., Elliott, C., Müller, J., Devoto, A., Yoon, H. W., ve Park, H. C. 2002. Calmodulin interacts with MLO protein to regulate defence against mildew in barley. Nature, 416(6879), 447-51.
  • Kutay, U., Bischoff, F. R., Kostka, S., Kraft, R., ve Gorlich, D. 1997. Export of importin alpha from the nucleus is mediated by a specific nuclear transport factor. The Cell, 90(6), 1061–71.
  • Lacomme, C., Hrubikova, K., ve Hein, I. 2003. Enhancement of Virus-induced Gene Silencing through viral-based production of inverted-repeats. The Plant Journal, 34, 543-53.
  • Pfaffl M.W., 2001. A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR. Nucleic Acids Research 29(9): e45.
  • Ridout, C. J., Skamnioti, P., Porritt, O., Sacristan, S., Jones, J. D. G., ve Brown J. K. M. 2006. Multiple avirulence paralogues in cereal powdery mildew fungi may contribute to parasite fitness and defeat of plant resistance. The Plant Cell, 18, 2402–14.
  • Scherf, U., Pastan, I., Willingham, M. C., ve Brinkmann, U. 1996. The human CAS protein which is homologous to the CSE1 yeast chromosome segregation gene product is associated with microtubules and mitotic spindle. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 93(7), 2670–4.
  • Scofield, S. R., Huang, L., Brandt, A. S., ve Gill, B. S. 2005. Development of a virus-induced gene-silencing system for hexaploid wheat and its use in functional analysis of the Lr21-mediated leaf rust resistance pathway. Plant Physiology, 138, 2165-73.
  • Spoel, S. H., ve Dong, X. 2012. How do plants achieve immunity? Defence without specialized immune cells. Nature Reviews Immunology, 12(2), 89-100.
  • Vandessompele, J., De Preter, K., Pattyn, F., Poppe, B., Van Roy, N., De Paepe, A., ve Speleman, F. 2002. Accurate normalization of real-time quantitative RT-PCR data by geometric averaging of multiple internal control genes. Genome Biology, 3 (7), research 0034.1-0034.11.
  • Voinnet, O. 2001. RNA silencing as a plant immune system against viruses. Trends in Genetics, 17, 449-59.
  • Wyand, R. A., ve Brown, J. K. M. 2003. Genetic and forma specialis diversity in Blumeria graminis of cereals and its implications for host-pathogen co-evolution. Molecular Plant Pathology, 4(3), 187-98.
  • Yildirim-Ersoy, F., Ridout, C. J., ve Akkaya, M. S. 2011. Detection of physically interacting proteins with the CC and NB-ARC domains of a putative yellow rust resistance protein, Yr10, in wheat. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 118 (3/4), 119-26.
  • Yin, C., Jurgenson, J. E., ve Hulbert, S. H. 2011. Development of a Host-Induced RNAi System in the Wheat Stripe Rust Fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 24(5), 554–561.
  • Yuan, C., Li, C., Yan, L., Jackson, A. O., Liu, Z., Han, C., Yu, C., ve Li, D. 2011. A high throughput barley stripe mosaic virus vector for virus induced gene silencing in monocots and dicots. PLoS ONE, 6, e26468.
  • Zhang, Z., Henderson, C., Perfect, E., Carver, T. L. W., Thomas, B. J., Skamnioti, P., ve Gurr, S. J. 2005. Of genes and genomes, needles and haystacks: Blumeria graminis and functionality. Molecular Plant Pathology, 6, 561–75.
  • Zhou, F., Kurth, J., Wei, F., Elliott, C., Valè, G., Yahiaoui, N., Keller, B., Somerville, S., Wise, R., ve Schulze-Lefert, P. 2001. Cell-autonomous expression of barley Mla1 confers race-specific resistance to the powdery mildew fungus via a Rar1- independent signaling pathway. Plant Cell, 13, 337-350.
Year 2018, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 40 - 51, 12.10.2018

Abstract

References

  • Ausubel, F. M. 2005. Are innate immune signaling pathways in plants and animals conserved?. Nature Immunology, 6(10), 973-9.
  • Bai, Y., Pavan, S., Zheng, Z., Zappel, N.F., Reinstädler, A., Lotti, C., ve De Giovanni, C. 2008. Naturally occurring broad-spectrum powdery mildew resistance in a Central American tomato accession is caused by loss of mlo function. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 21(1), 30-9.
  • Baulcombe, D. C. 1999. Fast forward genetics based on virus-induced gene silencing. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2, 109–13.
  • Bhat, R. A., Miklis, M., Schmelzer, E., Schulze-Lefert, P., ve Panstruga, R. 2005. Recruitment and interaction dynamics of plant penetration resistance components in a plasma membrane microdomain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 102(8), 3135-40.
  • Brinkmann, U., Brinkmann, E., Gallo, M., ve Pastan, I. 1995. Cloning and characterization of a cellular apoptosis susceptibility gene, the human homologue to the yeast chromosome segregation gene CSE1. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 92(22), 10427–31.
  • Brinkmann, U., Brinkmann, E., Gallo, M., Scherf, U., ve Pastan, I. 1996. Role of CAS, a human homologue to the yeast chromosome segregation gene CSE1, in toxin and tumor necrosis factor mediated apoptosis. Biochemistry, 35(21), 6891–9.
  • Brinkmann, U. 1998. CAS, the human homologue of the yeast chromosome-segregation gene CSE1, in proliferation, apoptosis, and cancer. American Journal of Human Genetics, 62(3), 509–13.
  • Brunner, S., Stirnweis, D., Diaz Quijano, C., Buesing, G., Herren, G., Parlange, F., ve Barret, P. 2012. Transgenic Pm3 multilines of wheat show increased powdery mildew resistance in the field. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 10(4), 398-409.
  • Büschges, R., Hollricher, K., Panstruga, R., Simons, G., Wolter, M., Frijters, A., ve van Daelen, R. 1997. The barley Mlo gene: a novel control element of plant pathogen resistance. The Cell, 88(5), 695-705.
  • Cakir, C., Tör, M. 2010. Factors influencing Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus-mediated gene silencing in wheat. Physiological Molecular Plant Pathology, 1-24.
  • Consonni, C., Humphry, M. E., Hartmann, H. A., Livaja, M., Durner, J., Westphal, L., ve Vogel, J. 2006. Conserved requirement for a plant host cell protein in powdery mildew pathogenesis. Nature Genetics, 38(6), 716-20.
  • Dagdas, Y. F., Dagdas, G., Unver, T., ve Akkaya M. S. (2009). A new ZTL type F-box functions as a positive regulator in disease resistance: VIGS analysis in barley against powdery mildew. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 74, 41–44.
  • Dean, R., Van Kan, J. A. L., Pretorius, Z. A., Hammond-Kosack, K. E., Di Pietro, A., Spanu, P. D., ve Rudd, J. J. 2012. The Top 10 fungal pathogens in molecular plant pathology. Molecular Plant Pathology, 13(4), 414-30.
  • Dinesh-Kumar, R., Anandalakshmi, R., Marathe, M., ve Schiff, L., 2003. Virus-induced gene silencing. Methods in Molecular Biology, 236, 287-94.
  • Dubery, I. A., Sanabria, N. M., ve Huang, J. C. 2012. Nonself perception in plant innate immunity. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 738, 79-107.
  • Eichman, R., ve Huckelhoven, R. 2008. Accommodation of powdery mildew fungi in intact plant cells. Journal of Plant Physiology, 165, 5-18.
  • Flor, H. H. 1971. Current status of the gene-for-gene concept. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 9, 275-96.
  • Glawe, D. A. 2008. The powdery mildews: a review of the world’s most familiar (yet poorly known) plant pathogens. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 46, 27-51.
  • Hein, I., Barciszewska-Pacak, M., Hrubikova, K., Williamson, S., Dinesen M., Soenderby, I. E., Sundar. S. Jarmolowski. A., Shirasu, K., ve Lacomme, C. 2005. Virus-induced gene silencing-based functional characterization of genes associated with powdery mildew resistance in barley. Plant Physiology, 138, 2155-64.
  • Holzberg, S., Brosio, P., Gross, C., ve Pogue, G. P. 2002. Barley stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing in a monocot plant. The Plant Journal, 30(3), 315-27.
  • Humphry, M., Reinstädler, A., Ivanov, S., Bisseling, T., ve Panstruga, R. 2011. Durable broad-spectrum powdery mildew resistance in pea er1 plants is conferred by natural loss-of-function mutations in PsMLO1. Molecular Plant Pathology, 12(9), 866-78.
  • Ing, B. 1990. An introduction to British powdery mildews-1. Mycologist, 4(2), 88-90.
  • Inuma, T., Khodaparast, S. A., ve Takamatsu, S. 2007. Multilocus phylogenetic analyses within Blumeria graminis, a powdery mildew fungus of cereals. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 44(2), 741-51.
  • Jones, J.D.G.,ve Dangl, J.L. 2006. The plant immune system. Nature., 444(7117), 323-9.
  • Jørgensen, J. H. 1988. Erysiphe graminis, powdery mildew of cereals and grasses. Advances in Plant Pathology, 6, 135-57.
  • Kim, M. C., Panstruga, R., Elliott, C., Müller, J., Devoto, A., Yoon, H. W., ve Park, H. C. 2002. Calmodulin interacts with MLO protein to regulate defence against mildew in barley. Nature, 416(6879), 447-51.
  • Kutay, U., Bischoff, F. R., Kostka, S., Kraft, R., ve Gorlich, D. 1997. Export of importin alpha from the nucleus is mediated by a specific nuclear transport factor. The Cell, 90(6), 1061–71.
  • Lacomme, C., Hrubikova, K., ve Hein, I. 2003. Enhancement of Virus-induced Gene Silencing through viral-based production of inverted-repeats. The Plant Journal, 34, 543-53.
  • Pfaffl M.W., 2001. A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR. Nucleic Acids Research 29(9): e45.
  • Ridout, C. J., Skamnioti, P., Porritt, O., Sacristan, S., Jones, J. D. G., ve Brown J. K. M. 2006. Multiple avirulence paralogues in cereal powdery mildew fungi may contribute to parasite fitness and defeat of plant resistance. The Plant Cell, 18, 2402–14.
  • Scherf, U., Pastan, I., Willingham, M. C., ve Brinkmann, U. 1996. The human CAS protein which is homologous to the CSE1 yeast chromosome segregation gene product is associated with microtubules and mitotic spindle. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 93(7), 2670–4.
  • Scofield, S. R., Huang, L., Brandt, A. S., ve Gill, B. S. 2005. Development of a virus-induced gene-silencing system for hexaploid wheat and its use in functional analysis of the Lr21-mediated leaf rust resistance pathway. Plant Physiology, 138, 2165-73.
  • Spoel, S. H., ve Dong, X. 2012. How do plants achieve immunity? Defence without specialized immune cells. Nature Reviews Immunology, 12(2), 89-100.
  • Vandessompele, J., De Preter, K., Pattyn, F., Poppe, B., Van Roy, N., De Paepe, A., ve Speleman, F. 2002. Accurate normalization of real-time quantitative RT-PCR data by geometric averaging of multiple internal control genes. Genome Biology, 3 (7), research 0034.1-0034.11.
  • Voinnet, O. 2001. RNA silencing as a plant immune system against viruses. Trends in Genetics, 17, 449-59.
  • Wyand, R. A., ve Brown, J. K. M. 2003. Genetic and forma specialis diversity in Blumeria graminis of cereals and its implications for host-pathogen co-evolution. Molecular Plant Pathology, 4(3), 187-98.
  • Yildirim-Ersoy, F., Ridout, C. J., ve Akkaya, M. S. 2011. Detection of physically interacting proteins with the CC and NB-ARC domains of a putative yellow rust resistance protein, Yr10, in wheat. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 118 (3/4), 119-26.
  • Yin, C., Jurgenson, J. E., ve Hulbert, S. H. 2011. Development of a Host-Induced RNAi System in the Wheat Stripe Rust Fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 24(5), 554–561.
  • Yuan, C., Li, C., Yan, L., Jackson, A. O., Liu, Z., Han, C., Yu, C., ve Li, D. 2011. A high throughput barley stripe mosaic virus vector for virus induced gene silencing in monocots and dicots. PLoS ONE, 6, e26468.
  • Zhang, Z., Henderson, C., Perfect, E., Carver, T. L. W., Thomas, B. J., Skamnioti, P., ve Gurr, S. J. 2005. Of genes and genomes, needles and haystacks: Blumeria graminis and functionality. Molecular Plant Pathology, 6, 561–75.
  • Zhou, F., Kurth, J., Wei, F., Elliott, C., Valè, G., Yahiaoui, N., Keller, B., Somerville, S., Wise, R., ve Schulze-Lefert, P. 2001. Cell-autonomous expression of barley Mla1 confers race-specific resistance to the powdery mildew fungus via a Rar1- independent signaling pathway. Plant Cell, 13, 337-350.
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Research
Authors

Figen Ersoy

Publication Date October 12, 2018
Submission Date February 2, 2017
Acceptance Date June 6, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 13 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Ersoy, F. (2018). Arpada Hücresel Apoptoz Hassasiyet (CAS) Geninin Susturularak Külleme Hastalığına Karşı Dirençte Etkisinin Belirlenmesi. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(1), 40-51.