Abstract
Amaç: Çocukluk çağı konuşma geriliklerinin çocuğun kişisel, sosyal ve daha sonraki dönemlerde akademik ve mesleki hayatında belirgin olumsuz etkileri olabilir. Geriliğin risk gruplarının belirlenmesi zamanında farkedilmeleri ve tanı konulması açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmada kliniğimize konuşma geriliği nedeniyle başvuran çocuklarda nedenlerin ortaya konması amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Temmuz 2011 ve Temmuz 2015 arasında, Samsun Kadın Hastalıkları Doğum ve Çocuk Hastanesi ve Özel Medikal Park Samsun Hastanesi, Çocuk Nörolojisi Polikliniği’ne konuşma geriliği şüphesiyle başvurmuş ve konuşma geriliği tanısı konulan olan, 1-12 yaş aralığındaki çocuk hastaların verileri retrospektif olarak incelenerek analiz edildi. Tanımlayıcı istatistikler ortalama, standart sapma ve oranlar şeklinde verildi.
Sonuçlar: Çalışmaya alınan 348 hastanın %25.7’u (n=89) kız, %74.3’ü (n=259) ise erkekti. Olguların yaş aralığı 1,2-7,5 [14-95 ay] olarak hesaplandı. Olguların %6,5’inde (n=22) ifade edici dil geriliği, %14’ünde (n=48) hem ifade edici, hem de alıcı dil geriliği saptandı. Hastaların %48’inde ise (n=177) yaygın gelişimsel gerilik (mental motor retardasyon) olarak adlandırılan, gelişim basamaklarının iki ve daha fazla alanında gerilik vardı. Hastaların %32,7’sinde (n=113) epileptik hastalık, %21’inde (n=72) otizm ve %6,5’inde (n=22) işitme kaybı varlığı saptandı. Olguların %2,8’ inde (n=10) prematüre doğum veya düşük doğum ağırlığı öyküsü mevcuttu ve %42’sinde (n=145) ailede konuşma geriliği olan başka bir birey vardı. Hastaların %61’inin (n=210) ailesinin ikinci çocuğu olduğu öğrenildi.
Tartışma: Konuşma geriliği şüphesiyle başvuran çocuklarda öykü, fizik muayene, tarama testleri ve tanısal testlerden oluşan ayrıntılı bir tanısal yönetim yaklaşımının benimsenmesi, sadece konuşma geriliğinin düzeltilmesi için değil, aynı zamanda altta yatan mental retardasyon, epileptik bozukluk, otizm ve işitme kaybı gibi klinikopatolojik durumların erken tanısı ve tedavisi açılarından da önemlidir.
Supporting Institution
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Project Number
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Thanks
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References
- 1. Sidhu M, Malhi P, Jerath J. Early language development in Indian children: A population-based pilot study. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2013;16:371–5.
- 2. Shriberg LD. Four new speech and Prosody-Voice measures for genetics research and other studies in developmental phonological disorders. J Speech Hear Res 1993;36:105–40.
- 3. Shriberg LD, Austin D, Lewis BA, McSweeny JL, Wilson DL. The speech disorders classification system (SDCS): Extensions and lifespan reference data. J Speech, Lang Hear Res 1997;40:723–40.
- 4. Law J, Rush R, Schoon I, Parsons S. Modeling developmental language difficulties from school entry into adulthood: Literacy, mental health, and employment outcomes. J Speech, Lang Hear Res 2009;52:1401–16.
- 5. Morgan A, Ttofari Eecen K, Pezic A, Brommeyer K, Mei C, Eadie P, et al. Who to Refer for Speech Therapy at 4 Years of Age Versus Who to “Watch and Wait”?. J Pediatr 2017;185:200-204.e1.
- 6. Sunderajan T, Kanhere S. Speech and language delay in children: Prevalence and risk factors. J Fam Med Prim Care 2019;8:1642-6.
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- 12. Wren Y, Miller LL, Peters TJ, Emond A, Roulstone S. Prevalence and predictors of persistent speech sound disorder at eight years old: Findings from a population cohort study. J Speech, Lang Hear Res 2016;59:647–73.
- 13. Huttenlocher J, Haight W, Bryk A, Seltzer M, Lyons T. Early vocabulary growth: Relation to language input and gender. Dev Psychol 1991;27:236–48.
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- 15. Leung AK, Kao CP. Evaluation and management of the child with speech delay. Am Fam Physician 1999; 59: 3121-8.
- 16. Mehta B, Chawla VK, Parakh M, Parakh P, Bhandari B, Gurjar AS. EEG abnormalities in children with speech and language impairment. J Clin Diagn Res 2015;9:CC04–7.
- 17. Maguir MJ, Abel AD. What changes in neural oscillations can reveal about developmental cognitive neuroscience: Language development as a case in point. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2013; 6: 125– 36.
- 18. Deonna T, Perez. Brain ER. Early-onset acquired epileptic aphasia (Landau–Kleffner syndrome, LKS) and regressive autistic disorders with epileptic EEG abnormalities: The continuing debate. Brain Dev 2010; 32: 746–52.
- 19. McVicar KA, Ballaban-Gil K, Rapin I, Moshe´ SL, Shinnar S. Epileptiform EEG abnormalities in children with language regression. Neurology 2005;65:129–31.
- 20. Aboufaddan HH, Ahmed SM. Risk factors of Delayed Language Development among Preschool Children Attending Assiut University. Med J Cairo Univ 2018;86:2279-85.
- 21. Schlieper A, Kisilevsky H, Mattingly S, Yorke L. Mild conductive hearing loss and language development: a one year follow-up study. J Dev Behav Pediatr 1985;6:65-8.
- 22. Allen D V., Robinson DO. Middle ear status and language development in preschool children. ASHA 1984;26:33–7.
- 23. Koçyiğit M, Giran Örtekin S, Çakabay T, Serin Keskineğe B, Özdemir M, et al. Konuşması Geciken Çocuğa Yaklaşım Prensipleri. ACU Sağlık Bil Derg 2017;1:1-5.
- 24. Çocuk Nörolojisi Kitabı, Ayşe Tosun. 2010, 2. Basım. Dil ve konuşma bozuklukları. Çocuk Nörıolojisi Derneği Yayınları. Ankara.
- 25. Maura RM. Speech and language delay in children. Am Fam Physician 2011;83:1183-8.
- 26. Patterson JL. Comparing bilingual and monolingual toddlers’ expressive vocabulary size: Revisiting Rescorla and Achenbach 2002. J Speech Lang Hear Res 2004;47:1216-7.
Examining the Factors Playing A Role in The Etiology of Speech Retardation from the Perspective of Child Neurology
Abstract
Objective: Childhood speech retardation can have significant negative effects on a child’s personal, social and later academic and professional life. Determining the risk groups of retardation is important in terms of timely recognition and diagnosis. In this study, it was aimed to reveal the causes of children who applied to our clinic with speech retardation.
Material and Methods: Between July 2011 and July 2015, data of pediatric patients aged 1-12 years, who were diagnosed with speech retardation and who were admitted to the Pediatric Neurology Outpatient Clinic of Samsun Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital and Private Medical Park Samsun Hospital, were analyzed retrospectively. analyzed. Descriptive statistics were given as mean, standard deviation and proportions.
Results: Of the 348 patients included in the study, 25.7% were female (n=89), 74.3% were male (n=259), and the mean age was 41.3±15.6 months (min 14 months, maximum 91 months). It was determined that 61% of the children were born in the second row, 11.2% had a history of prematurity, and 42% had another family member with speech retardation. Epileptic disorder was observed in 32.7% of the patients, high risk for autism in 21%, and hearing loss in 6.5%. As a result of the Denver II developmental test, it was observed that 20.7% of the patients had developmental language retardation and 52.2% had retardation in two or more areas of developmental stages, which was called global developmental delay. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed 4% abnormality.
Conclusion: The adoption of a detailed diagnostic management approach consisting of history, physical examination, screening tests and diagnostic tests in children presenting with suspicion of speech retardation, not only for the correction of speech retardation, but also for early clinicopathological conditions such as underlying global developmental delay, epileptic disorder, autism, and hearing loss. It is also important in terms of diagnosis and treatment.
Project Number
yok
References
- 1. Sidhu M, Malhi P, Jerath J. Early language development in Indian children: A population-based pilot study. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2013;16:371–5.
- 2. Shriberg LD. Four new speech and Prosody-Voice measures for genetics research and other studies in developmental phonological disorders. J Speech Hear Res 1993;36:105–40.
- 3. Shriberg LD, Austin D, Lewis BA, McSweeny JL, Wilson DL. The speech disorders classification system (SDCS): Extensions and lifespan reference data. J Speech, Lang Hear Res 1997;40:723–40.
- 4. Law J, Rush R, Schoon I, Parsons S. Modeling developmental language difficulties from school entry into adulthood: Literacy, mental health, and employment outcomes. J Speech, Lang Hear Res 2009;52:1401–16.
- 5. Morgan A, Ttofari Eecen K, Pezic A, Brommeyer K, Mei C, Eadie P, et al. Who to Refer for Speech Therapy at 4 Years of Age Versus Who to “Watch and Wait”?. J Pediatr 2017;185:200-204.e1.
- 6. Sunderajan T, Kanhere S. Speech and language delay in children: Prevalence and risk factors. J Fam Med Prim Care 2019;8:1642-6.
- 7. Kabukçu Başay B, TezerR D. 3 yaş öncesi konuşma gecikmesi nedeniyle çocuk psikiyatri polikliniklerine başvuran çocuklara ne oldu? 2 yıl sonrasına ait veriler. Pamukkale Med J 2020;13:373–84.
- 8. Moya C, Henrich J. Culture-gene coevolutionary psychology: Cultural learning, language, and ethnic psychology. Curr Opin Psychol 2016;8:112-8.
- 9. Association AP. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®). American Psychiatric Pub 2013.
- 10. Boyle J. Speech and language delays in preschool children. BMJ 2011;343:d5181.
- 11. Zubrick SR, Taylor CL, Rice ML, Slegers DW. Late language emergence at 24 months: An epidemiological study of prevalence, predictors and covariates. J Speech Lang Hear Res 2007;50:1562–92.
- 12. Wren Y, Miller LL, Peters TJ, Emond A, Roulstone S. Prevalence and predictors of persistent speech sound disorder at eight years old: Findings from a population cohort study. J Speech, Lang Hear Res 2016;59:647–73.
- 13. Huttenlocher J, Haight W, Bryk A, Seltzer M, Lyons T. Early vocabulary growth: Relation to language input and gender. Dev Psychol 1991;27:236–48.
- 14. Feldman HM, Dale PS, Campbell TF, Colborn DK, Kurs-Lasky M, Rockette HE. Concurrent and predictive validity of parent reports of child language at ages 2 and 3 years. Child Dev 2005;76:856-68.
- 15. Leung AK, Kao CP. Evaluation and management of the child with speech delay. Am Fam Physician 1999; 59: 3121-8.
- 16. Mehta B, Chawla VK, Parakh M, Parakh P, Bhandari B, Gurjar AS. EEG abnormalities in children with speech and language impairment. J Clin Diagn Res 2015;9:CC04–7.
- 17. Maguir MJ, Abel AD. What changes in neural oscillations can reveal about developmental cognitive neuroscience: Language development as a case in point. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2013; 6: 125– 36.
- 18. Deonna T, Perez. Brain ER. Early-onset acquired epileptic aphasia (Landau–Kleffner syndrome, LKS) and regressive autistic disorders with epileptic EEG abnormalities: The continuing debate. Brain Dev 2010; 32: 746–52.
- 19. McVicar KA, Ballaban-Gil K, Rapin I, Moshe´ SL, Shinnar S. Epileptiform EEG abnormalities in children with language regression. Neurology 2005;65:129–31.
- 20. Aboufaddan HH, Ahmed SM. Risk factors of Delayed Language Development among Preschool Children Attending Assiut University. Med J Cairo Univ 2018;86:2279-85.
- 21. Schlieper A, Kisilevsky H, Mattingly S, Yorke L. Mild conductive hearing loss and language development: a one year follow-up study. J Dev Behav Pediatr 1985;6:65-8.
- 22. Allen D V., Robinson DO. Middle ear status and language development in preschool children. ASHA 1984;26:33–7.
- 23. Koçyiğit M, Giran Örtekin S, Çakabay T, Serin Keskineğe B, Özdemir M, et al. Konuşması Geciken Çocuğa Yaklaşım Prensipleri. ACU Sağlık Bil Derg 2017;1:1-5.
- 24. Çocuk Nörolojisi Kitabı, Ayşe Tosun. 2010, 2. Basım. Dil ve konuşma bozuklukları. Çocuk Nörıolojisi Derneği Yayınları. Ankara.
- 25. Maura RM. Speech and language delay in children. Am Fam Physician 2011;83:1183-8.
- 26. Patterson JL. Comparing bilingual and monolingual toddlers’ expressive vocabulary size: Revisiting Rescorla and Achenbach 2002. J Speech Lang Hear Res 2004;47:1216-7.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Internal Diseases |
| Journal Section | ORIGINAL ARTICLES |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | yok |
| Publication Date | July 7, 2022 |
| Submission Date | April 25, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022 Volume: 16 Issue: 4 |
Cited By
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