Research Article
Histopathological evaluation of uterine structure and immunohistochemical examination of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 in cows recovered from metritis
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the results of histopathological examination of the uterus of healthy cows and the uterus of cows that have recovered from metritis.
Materials and Methods: The study materials obtained from the slaughterhouse were divided into two groups: the uterus of healthy cows (no metritis; Group N; n=10) and uterus of cows that had recovered from metritis about 45 days ago (metritis; Group M; n=10). Sections were taken from the uterus of both groups and were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for pathological comparison. In addition, the sections were stained immunohistochemically for the examination of Matrix metalloproteinases 1 (MMP-1) and the tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP-1) levels.
Results: The uterus showed pathological condition in Group M than in Group N. MMP1 immunopositivity was higher in the luminal epithelium (p<0.01), endometrial stroma, uterine gland (p<0.05) and myometrium sections (p<0.01) of the uterus in Group M compared to Group N. TIMP-1 immunopositivity in endometrial stroma, uterine gland and myometrium sections increased in Group M compared to Group N (p<0.01).
Conclusion: In conclusion, it was observed that the negative effects of metritis on the uterus persisted histologically even approximately 45 days after clinical recovery. However, this needs to be investigated extensively because time elapsed between the clinical recovery of the cows and the study may have been insufficient for the uterus to complete histological healing.
Thanks
The authors would like to thank Assist. Prof. Dr. Ugur Seker for his kind support in histological studies, and Laboratory Veterinarian Şifa Karahan for her support in microbiological studies.
References
- Almughlliq FB, Koh YQ, Peiris HN, et al. Effect of exosomes from plasma of dairy cows with or without an infected uterus on prostaglandin production by endometrial cell lines. J Dairy Sci. 2017; 100(11): 9143-9152.
- Baez GM, Barletta RV, Guenther JN, et al. Effect of uterine size on fertility of lactating dairy cows. Theriogenology. 2016; 85(8): 1357-66.
- Chen J, Ren Z, Zhu M, et al. Decreased homodimerization and increased TIMP-1 complexation of uteroplacental and uterine arterial matrix metalloproteinase-9 during hypertension-in-pregnancy. Biochem Pharmacol. 2017; 138:81-95.
- Genís S, Arís A, Kaur M, et al. Effect of metritis on endometrium tissue transcriptome during puerperium in Holstein lactating cows. Theriogenology. 2018; 122: 116-123.
- Koh YQ, Mitchell MD, Almughlliq FB, et al. Regulation of inflammatory mediator expression in bovine endometrial cells: effects of lipopolysaccharide, interleukin 1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Physiol Rep. 2018; 6(9): e13676.
- Kurt S, Salar, S., Salar, M.Ö. Antibiogram and pathogen isolation from vaginal discharge in dairy cows with metritis. Vet Hekim Der Derg. 2019; 90(2): 66-70.
- LeBlanc SJ. Postpartum uterine disease and dairy herd reproductive performance: a review. Vet J. 2008; 176(1): 102-114.
- Li W, Cui N, Mazzuca MQ, et al. Increased vascular and uteroplacental matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -7 levels and collagen type I deposition in hypertension in pregnancy: role of TNF-α. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2017; 313(3): H491-H507.
- Manimaran A, Kumaresan A, Jeyakumar S, et al. Potential of acute phase proteins as predictor of postpartum uterine infections during transition period and its regulatory mechanism in dairy cattle. Vet World. 2016; 9(1): 91-100.
- Nagel H, Laskawi R, Wahlers A, et al. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2, MMP-9 and their tissue inhibitors TIMP-1, -2, and -3 in benign and malignant tumours of the salivary gland. Histopathology. 2004; 44(3): 222-231.
- Nakopoulou L, Tsirmpa I, Alexandrou P, et al. MMP-2 protein in invasive breast cancer and the impact of MMP-2/TIMP-2 phenotype on overall survival. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003; 77(2): 145-55.
- Nikolov A, Popovski N, Hristova I. Collagenases MMP-1, MMP-13, and tissue inhibitors TIMP-1, TIMP-2: their role in healthy and complicated pregnancy and potential as preeclampsia biomarkers—a brief review. Appl Sci. 2020; 10(21): 7731.
- Noakes DE. (2009). Arthur's veterinary reproduction and obstetrics. Elsevier Health Sciences.
- Pérez-Báez J, Silva TV, Risco CA, et al. The economic cost of metritis in dairy herds. J Dairy Sci. 2021; 104(3): 3158-3168.
- Quinn PJ, Carter ME, Markey BK, et al. Clinical Veterinary microbiology. 1st ed. London, England: Mosby-Year Book Europe Limited; 1994.
- Risco CA, Youngquist RS, Shore MD. Postpartum uterine infections. In: Current therapy in large animal theriogenology. WB Saunders: 2007. p. 339-344.
- Seker U, Aktas A, Nergiz Y, et al. Investigation of the protective effects of melatonin, amifostine (WR-2721), and N-acetylcysteine on radiotherapy-induced uterine tissue injury in rats. Int J Radiat Res. 2020; 18(4): 791-798.
- Sheldon IM, Owens SE. Postpartum uterine infection and endometritis in dairy cattle. Anim Reprod. 2018; 14(3): 622-629.
- Sheldon IM, Cronin J, Goetze L, et al. Defining postpartum uterine disease and the mechanisms of infection and immunity in the female reproductive tract in cattle. Biol Reprod. 2009; 81(6): 1025-32.
- Sheldon IM, Williams EJ, Miller AN, et al. Uterine diseases in cattle after parturition. Vet J. 2008;176(1): 115-21.
Year 2023,
Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 19 - 25, 15.03.2023
Abstract
References
- Almughlliq FB, Koh YQ, Peiris HN, et al. Effect of exosomes from plasma of dairy cows with or without an infected uterus on prostaglandin production by endometrial cell lines. J Dairy Sci. 2017; 100(11): 9143-9152.
- Baez GM, Barletta RV, Guenther JN, et al. Effect of uterine size on fertility of lactating dairy cows. Theriogenology. 2016; 85(8): 1357-66.
- Chen J, Ren Z, Zhu M, et al. Decreased homodimerization and increased TIMP-1 complexation of uteroplacental and uterine arterial matrix metalloproteinase-9 during hypertension-in-pregnancy. Biochem Pharmacol. 2017; 138:81-95.
- Genís S, Arís A, Kaur M, et al. Effect of metritis on endometrium tissue transcriptome during puerperium in Holstein lactating cows. Theriogenology. 2018; 122: 116-123.
- Koh YQ, Mitchell MD, Almughlliq FB, et al. Regulation of inflammatory mediator expression in bovine endometrial cells: effects of lipopolysaccharide, interleukin 1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Physiol Rep. 2018; 6(9): e13676.
- Kurt S, Salar, S., Salar, M.Ö. Antibiogram and pathogen isolation from vaginal discharge in dairy cows with metritis. Vet Hekim Der Derg. 2019; 90(2): 66-70.
- LeBlanc SJ. Postpartum uterine disease and dairy herd reproductive performance: a review. Vet J. 2008; 176(1): 102-114.
- Li W, Cui N, Mazzuca MQ, et al. Increased vascular and uteroplacental matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -7 levels and collagen type I deposition in hypertension in pregnancy: role of TNF-α. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2017; 313(3): H491-H507.
- Manimaran A, Kumaresan A, Jeyakumar S, et al. Potential of acute phase proteins as predictor of postpartum uterine infections during transition period and its regulatory mechanism in dairy cattle. Vet World. 2016; 9(1): 91-100.
- Nagel H, Laskawi R, Wahlers A, et al. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2, MMP-9 and their tissue inhibitors TIMP-1, -2, and -3 in benign and malignant tumours of the salivary gland. Histopathology. 2004; 44(3): 222-231.
- Nakopoulou L, Tsirmpa I, Alexandrou P, et al. MMP-2 protein in invasive breast cancer and the impact of MMP-2/TIMP-2 phenotype on overall survival. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003; 77(2): 145-55.
- Nikolov A, Popovski N, Hristova I. Collagenases MMP-1, MMP-13, and tissue inhibitors TIMP-1, TIMP-2: their role in healthy and complicated pregnancy and potential as preeclampsia biomarkers—a brief review. Appl Sci. 2020; 10(21): 7731.
- Noakes DE. (2009). Arthur's veterinary reproduction and obstetrics. Elsevier Health Sciences.
- Pérez-Báez J, Silva TV, Risco CA, et al. The economic cost of metritis in dairy herds. J Dairy Sci. 2021; 104(3): 3158-3168.
- Quinn PJ, Carter ME, Markey BK, et al. Clinical Veterinary microbiology. 1st ed. London, England: Mosby-Year Book Europe Limited; 1994.
- Risco CA, Youngquist RS, Shore MD. Postpartum uterine infections. In: Current therapy in large animal theriogenology. WB Saunders: 2007. p. 339-344.
- Seker U, Aktas A, Nergiz Y, et al. Investigation of the protective effects of melatonin, amifostine (WR-2721), and N-acetylcysteine on radiotherapy-induced uterine tissue injury in rats. Int J Radiat Res. 2020; 18(4): 791-798.
- Sheldon IM, Owens SE. Postpartum uterine infection and endometritis in dairy cattle. Anim Reprod. 2018; 14(3): 622-629.
- Sheldon IM, Cronin J, Goetze L, et al. Defining postpartum uterine disease and the mechanisms of infection and immunity in the female reproductive tract in cattle. Biol Reprod. 2009; 81(6): 1025-32.
- Sheldon IM, Williams EJ, Miller AN, et al. Uterine diseases in cattle after parturition. Vet J. 2008;176(1): 115-21.
There are 20 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery |
| Journal Section | 2023 Volume 7 Number 1 |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | March 10, 2023 |
| Publication Date | March 15, 2023 |
| Submission Date | August 18, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 7 Issue: 1 |
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