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Prevalence, molecular identification and determination of antibiotic susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw meat

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 29 - 33, 01.04.2024

Mukadderat Gökmen

https://doi.org/10.47748/tjvr.1381939

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, molecular identification, and antibiotic susceptibility of MRSA in raw meats of retail sale in Balikesir, Turkey.
Materials and Methods: A total of 250raw meat samples (beef n=100, chicken n=100, and turkey n=50) were collected from various supermarkets. Mueller-Hinton Broth medium containing 6.5% NaCl was used for pre-enrichment and Baird Parker Agar (BPA) was used as a selective medium. Polymerase Chain Reaction technique was used to confirm the suspected colonies with the nuc gene for S. aureus and the mecA gene for MRSA. Kirby-Bauer standard disc diffusion method was applied for antibiotic susceptibility of MRSA.
Results: Of the 250 investigated raw meat samples, 21.2% were positive for S. aureus, which comprised 31% beef, 14% chicken, and 16 %turkey samples. Of the 250 investigated raw meat samples, 4% were positive for MRSA, which comprised 6% beef, 3% chicken, and 2% turkey samples. All MRSA isolates were found to be resistant to penicillin, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, cefoxitin, and oxacillin, but they were susceptible to vancomycin.
Conclusion: In recent years, MRSA has been called a zoonotic pathogen that poses a serious risk for food safety and public health. Therefore, we believe that this study will shed light on new studies on the prevalence of MRSA in various animal-originated foods.

Keywords

Antibiotic susceptibility MRSA Prevalence Raw Meats

Ethical Statement

Gerekli değil

Supporting Institution

Balıkesir Üniversitesi

Project Number

This study was supported by the Scientific Research Project Committee of Balıkesir University, Turkey, grant no: 2015/093.

References

  • Bauer RW, Kirby MDK, Sherris JC, Turck M. Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. Am J Clin Pathol. 1966; 45:493-496.
  • Bhargava K, Wang X, Donabedian S, Zervos M, de Rocha L, Zhang Y. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in retail meat, Detroit, Michigan, USA. Emerg Infect Dis. 2011; 17:1135-1137.
  • Boost MV, Wong A, Ho J, O'Donoghue M. Isolation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from retail meats in Hong Kong. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2013; 10:705-710
  • Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). CLSI Document M07-A9. Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically: Approved Standard. 19th ed. Wayne: CLSI; 2012.
  • Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Twenty-Fourth International Supplements; Wayne, PA, USA: CLSI; 2014. p.230.
  • Contreras APC, da Silva, NNS, Ferreira GCD, Ferreira DJ, Almeida DCR. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw hamburgers and ready-to-eat sandwiches commercialized in supermarkets and fast-food outlets in Brazil. Food Nutr Sci. 2015; 6:1324-1331.
  • Costa WLR, Ferreira JS, Carvalho JS, Cerqueira ES, Oliveira LC, Almeida RCC. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Raw Meats and Prepared Foods in Public Hospitals in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. J Food Sci. 2015: 80:147-150.
  • de Boer E, Zwartkruis-Nahuis JT, Wit B, et al. Prevalence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in meat. Int J Food Microbiol. 2009; 134:52-56.
  • Devriese LA, Hommez J. Epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in dairy herds. Res Vet Sci. 1975; 19:23-27.
  • EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) Assessment of the Public Health significance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in animals and foods. Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Biological Hazards (Question No EFSA-Q-2008-300). EFSA J. (2009) 993:1-73.
  • Feßler AT, Kadlec K, Hassel M, et al. “Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Food and Food Products of Poultry Origin in Germany”. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011; 77:7151-7157.
  • Harrison EM, Paterson GK, Holden MT, et al. “Whole genome sequencing identifies zoonotic transmission of MRSA isolates with the novel mecA homologue mecC”. EMBO Mol Med. 2015; 5:509-515.
  • Jackson CR, Davis JA, Barrett JB. Prevalence and characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from retail meat and humans in Georgia. J Clin Microbiol. 2013; 51:1199-1207.
  • Juhasz-Kaszanyitzky E, Janosi S, Somogyi P, et al. MRSA transmission between cows and humans. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007; 13: 630-632.
  • Karmi M. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in poultry meat in Qena, Egypt. Vet. World. 2013; 6:711-715.
  • Klevens RM, Morrison MA, Nadle J, et al. “Invasive methicillin-resistant taphylococcus aureus infections in the United States”. JAMA. 2007; 298:1763-1771.
  • Köck, R, Becker K, Cookson B, et al. Prevalence and characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw meat in Korea. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2010; 20:775-778.
  • Kwon NH, Park KT, Jung WK, et al. Characteristics of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from chicken meat and hospitalized dogs in Korea and their epidemiological relatedness. Vet Microbiol. 2006; 117:304-12.
  • Lim SK, Nam HM, Park HJ. Prevalence and characterization of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw meat in Korea. J Microbiol Biotech. 2010; 20:775-778.
  • Lozano C, López M, Gómezsanz E, Ruizlarrea F, Torres C, Zarazaga M. Detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 in food samples of animal origin in Spain. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2009; 64:1325-1326.
  • Maes N, Magdalena J, Rottiers S, De Gheldre Y, Struelens MJ. Evaluation of a triplex PCR assay to discriminate Staphylococcus aureus from coagulase-negative staphylococci and determine methicillin-resistance from blood cultures. J Clin Microbiol. 2002; 40:1514-1517.
  • Monecke S, Ruppelt A, Wendlandt S, et al. Genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from diseased poultry. Vet. Microbiol. 2013; 162:806-812.
  • Nanchi AU, Emele FE, Ukaegbu CO, et al. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in raw meat and meat handlers in Onitsha, Nigeria. European Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2014; 2: 9-15.
  • Pesavento G, Ducci B, Comodo N, Lo Nostro A. Antimicrobial resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw meat: A research for methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Food Control. 2007; 18:196-200.
  • Petersen A, Stegger M, Heltberg O, et al. Epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying the novel mecC gene in Denmark corroborates a zoonotic reservoir with transmission to humans. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2013; 19:16-22.
  • Pu S, Han F, Ge B. Isolation and characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains from Louisiana retail meats. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009; 75:265-267.
  • Robinson DA, Enright MC. Evolutionary models of the emergence of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus”, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2003; 47:3926-3934.
  • Smith TC, Pearson N. The emergence of Staphylococcus aureus ST398. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2011; 11: 327-39.
  • Tiemersma EW, Bronzwaer SL, Lyytikäinen O, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Europe, 1999-2002. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004; 10:1627-1634.
  • TS 6582-1 EN ISO 6888-1: 2001. Gıda ve hayvan yemlerinin-Mikrobiyolojisi-Koagulaz-Pozitif stafilokokların (Staphyloccus aureus ve diğer türler) sayımı için yatay metot-Bölüm 1: Baird-Parker agar besiyeri kullanarak.
  • Verkade E, Kluytmans J. Livestock-associated Staphylococcus aureus CC398: Animal reservoirs and human infections. Infect Genet Evol. 2014; 21:523-530.
  • Wang X, Tao X, Xia X, et al. Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in retail raw chicken in China. Food Control. 2013; 19:103-106.
  • Yasuda R, Kawano J, Onda H, Takagi M, Shimizu A, Anzai T. Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from healthy horses in Japan. Am J Vet Res. 2000; 61:1451-1455.

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 29 - 33, 01.04.2024

Mukadderat Gökmen

https://doi.org/10.47748/tjvr.1381939

Abstract

Project Number

This study was supported by the Scientific Research Project Committee of Balıkesir University, Turkey, grant no: 2015/093.

References

  • Bauer RW, Kirby MDK, Sherris JC, Turck M. Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. Am J Clin Pathol. 1966; 45:493-496.
  • Bhargava K, Wang X, Donabedian S, Zervos M, de Rocha L, Zhang Y. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in retail meat, Detroit, Michigan, USA. Emerg Infect Dis. 2011; 17:1135-1137.
  • Boost MV, Wong A, Ho J, O'Donoghue M. Isolation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from retail meats in Hong Kong. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2013; 10:705-710
  • Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). CLSI Document M07-A9. Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically: Approved Standard. 19th ed. Wayne: CLSI; 2012.
  • Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Twenty-Fourth International Supplements; Wayne, PA, USA: CLSI; 2014. p.230.
  • Contreras APC, da Silva, NNS, Ferreira GCD, Ferreira DJ, Almeida DCR. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw hamburgers and ready-to-eat sandwiches commercialized in supermarkets and fast-food outlets in Brazil. Food Nutr Sci. 2015; 6:1324-1331.
  • Costa WLR, Ferreira JS, Carvalho JS, Cerqueira ES, Oliveira LC, Almeida RCC. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Raw Meats and Prepared Foods in Public Hospitals in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. J Food Sci. 2015: 80:147-150.
  • de Boer E, Zwartkruis-Nahuis JT, Wit B, et al. Prevalence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in meat. Int J Food Microbiol. 2009; 134:52-56.
  • Devriese LA, Hommez J. Epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in dairy herds. Res Vet Sci. 1975; 19:23-27.
  • EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) Assessment of the Public Health significance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in animals and foods. Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Biological Hazards (Question No EFSA-Q-2008-300). EFSA J. (2009) 993:1-73.
  • Feßler AT, Kadlec K, Hassel M, et al. “Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Food and Food Products of Poultry Origin in Germany”. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011; 77:7151-7157.
  • Harrison EM, Paterson GK, Holden MT, et al. “Whole genome sequencing identifies zoonotic transmission of MRSA isolates with the novel mecA homologue mecC”. EMBO Mol Med. 2015; 5:509-515.
  • Jackson CR, Davis JA, Barrett JB. Prevalence and characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from retail meat and humans in Georgia. J Clin Microbiol. 2013; 51:1199-1207.
  • Juhasz-Kaszanyitzky E, Janosi S, Somogyi P, et al. MRSA transmission between cows and humans. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007; 13: 630-632.
  • Karmi M. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in poultry meat in Qena, Egypt. Vet. World. 2013; 6:711-715.
  • Klevens RM, Morrison MA, Nadle J, et al. “Invasive methicillin-resistant taphylococcus aureus infections in the United States”. JAMA. 2007; 298:1763-1771.
  • Köck, R, Becker K, Cookson B, et al. Prevalence and characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw meat in Korea. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2010; 20:775-778.
  • Kwon NH, Park KT, Jung WK, et al. Characteristics of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from chicken meat and hospitalized dogs in Korea and their epidemiological relatedness. Vet Microbiol. 2006; 117:304-12.
  • Lim SK, Nam HM, Park HJ. Prevalence and characterization of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw meat in Korea. J Microbiol Biotech. 2010; 20:775-778.
  • Lozano C, López M, Gómezsanz E, Ruizlarrea F, Torres C, Zarazaga M. Detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 in food samples of animal origin in Spain. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2009; 64:1325-1326.
  • Maes N, Magdalena J, Rottiers S, De Gheldre Y, Struelens MJ. Evaluation of a triplex PCR assay to discriminate Staphylococcus aureus from coagulase-negative staphylococci and determine methicillin-resistance from blood cultures. J Clin Microbiol. 2002; 40:1514-1517.
  • Monecke S, Ruppelt A, Wendlandt S, et al. Genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from diseased poultry. Vet. Microbiol. 2013; 162:806-812.
  • Nanchi AU, Emele FE, Ukaegbu CO, et al. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in raw meat and meat handlers in Onitsha, Nigeria. European Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2014; 2: 9-15.
  • Pesavento G, Ducci B, Comodo N, Lo Nostro A. Antimicrobial resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw meat: A research for methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Food Control. 2007; 18:196-200.
  • Petersen A, Stegger M, Heltberg O, et al. Epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying the novel mecC gene in Denmark corroborates a zoonotic reservoir with transmission to humans. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2013; 19:16-22.
  • Pu S, Han F, Ge B. Isolation and characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains from Louisiana retail meats. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009; 75:265-267.
  • Robinson DA, Enright MC. Evolutionary models of the emergence of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus”, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2003; 47:3926-3934.
  • Smith TC, Pearson N. The emergence of Staphylococcus aureus ST398. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2011; 11: 327-39.
  • Tiemersma EW, Bronzwaer SL, Lyytikäinen O, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Europe, 1999-2002. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004; 10:1627-1634.
  • TS 6582-1 EN ISO 6888-1: 2001. Gıda ve hayvan yemlerinin-Mikrobiyolojisi-Koagulaz-Pozitif stafilokokların (Staphyloccus aureus ve diğer türler) sayımı için yatay metot-Bölüm 1: Baird-Parker agar besiyeri kullanarak.
  • Verkade E, Kluytmans J. Livestock-associated Staphylococcus aureus CC398: Animal reservoirs and human infections. Infect Genet Evol. 2014; 21:523-530.
  • Wang X, Tao X, Xia X, et al. Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in retail raw chicken in China. Food Control. 2013; 19:103-106.
  • Yasuda R, Kawano J, Onda H, Takagi M, Shimizu A, Anzai T. Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from healthy horses in Japan. Am J Vet Res. 2000; 61:1451-1455.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Veterinary Sciences (Other)
Journal Section 2024 Volume 8 Number 1
Authors

Mukadderat Gökmen 0000-0002-9371-8956

Project Number This study was supported by the Scientific Research Project Committee of Balıkesir University, Turkey, grant no: 2015/093.
Early Pub Date April 2, 2024
Publication Date April 1, 2024
Submission Date October 30, 2023
Acceptance Date November 23, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Gökmen, M. (2024). Prevalence, molecular identification and determination of antibiotic susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw meat. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Research, 8(1), 29-33. https://doi.org/10.47748/tjvr.1381939
AMA Gökmen M. Prevalence, molecular identification and determination of antibiotic susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw meat. TJVR. April 2024;8(1):29-33. doi:10.47748/tjvr.1381939
Chicago Gökmen, Mukadderat. “Prevalence, Molecular Identification and Determination of Antibiotic Susceptibility of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in Raw Meat”. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Research 8, no. 1 (April 2024): 29-33. https://doi.org/10.47748/tjvr.1381939.
EndNote Gökmen M (April 1, 2024) Prevalence, molecular identification and determination of antibiotic susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw meat. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Research 8 1 29–33.
IEEE M. Gökmen, “Prevalence, molecular identification and determination of antibiotic susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw meat”, TJVR, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 29–33, 2024, doi: 10.47748/tjvr.1381939.
ISNAD Gökmen, Mukadderat. “Prevalence, Molecular Identification and Determination of Antibiotic Susceptibility of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in Raw Meat”. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Research 8/1 (April 2024), 29-33. https://doi.org/10.47748/tjvr.1381939.
JAMA Gökmen M. Prevalence, molecular identification and determination of antibiotic susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw meat. TJVR. 2024;8:29–33.
MLA Gökmen, Mukadderat. “Prevalence, Molecular Identification and Determination of Antibiotic Susceptibility of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in Raw Meat”. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Research, vol. 8, no. 1, 2024, pp. 29-33, doi:10.47748/tjvr.1381939.
Vancouver Gökmen M. Prevalence, molecular identification and determination of antibiotic susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw meat. TJVR. 2024;8(1):29-33.
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