The Effects of Exercise on Antioxidant System and Some Blood Parameters at Experimental Diabetic Rats

Bekir Mehtap; Zafer Durgun

doi:10.15314/tsed.926598

Research Article

Year 2021, Volume: 23 Issue: 2, 223 - 229, 31.08.2021

Bekir Mehtap Zafer Durgun

Abstract

Supporting Institution

Selçuk Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü

Project Number

14102035

References

1. Noyan A. Yaşamda ve hekimlikte fizyoloji. Meteksan, 1993, p 1058-66 Ankara.
2. Öntürk H, Özbek H. Carried out of experimental diabetes and the measurement of glycemic activity. J General Med, 2007, 17(4):231-36.
3. Baynes JW, Thorpe SR. Role of oxidative stress in diabetic complications: A new perspective on an old paradigm. Diabetes, 1999, 48 (1), 1-9.
4. Urso ML, Clarkson PM. Oxidative stress, exercise and antioxidant supplementation. Toxicology, 2003, 189:41-54.
5. Packer, L. Oxidants, antioxidant nutrients and the athlete. J Sports Sci, 1997, 15:353-63.
6. Deaton CM, Marlin DJ. Exercise-associated oxidative stress, Clin TechEquine Pract, 2003, 2:278-91.
7. Akbarzadeh A, Norouzian D, Mehrabi MR, Jamshidi Sh, Farhangi A, Allah Verdi A, Mofidian SMA, Lame Rad B. Induction of diabetes by Streptozotocin in rats. Ind J Clin Biochem, 2007, 22, 60-64.
8. Cetto AA, Wiedenfeld H, Revilla MC, Sergio IA. Hypolgycemic effect of Equisetum myriochaetumaerial parts on streptozotocin diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol, 2000, 72:129-33.
9. Pushparaj P, Tan CH, Tan BKH. Effects of averrhoa bilimbi leaf extract on blood glucose and lipids in streptozotocin diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol, 2000, 72:69-76.
10. Sanders RA, Rauscher FM, Watkins JB. Effects of quercetin on antioxidant defense in streptozotocin-ınduced diabetic rats. Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol, 2001, 15,143-49.
11. Valizadeh R, Nikbakht M, Davodi M, Khodadoost M. The effect of eight week selected aerobic exercise on the levels of (AST,ALT) enzymes of men patient with have fat liver. Procedia Soc Behav Sci, 2011,15, p. 3362-65.
12. Ahmadi N, Moghadasi M, Nuri R. Changes of serum retinolbinding protein 4 levels following 8 weeks moderate aerobic exercise. Asian J Sports Med, 2013, Vol 4 (3).
13. Cicioğlu İ, Onay M. The effects of high intensity exercise on blood gases and some blood parameters. J Physic Edu Sport Sci, 2002, 4 (3), s. 26-30.
14. Zeinali S, Nodoushan IS, Firouzian A, Marandi SM, Aghajani H, Mazreno AB. The influence of the session of intensive physical activity on the amount of testosterone, cortisol, insulin and glucose hormone in elite athletes blood serum hemostat. Acta Kinesiologica, 2012, 6, 2: 47-51.
15. RamzanPour MR, Mousavian S, Hejazi SM. The effect of 12 weeks of selective aerobic exercise on insulin resistance and hepatic enzymes in middle-aged type II diabetic women. Int J Sport Studies, 2014, 4 (5), 508-13.
16. Phillips SM, Stewart BG, Mahoney DJ, Hicks AL, McCartney N, Tang JE, Wilkinson SB, Armstrong D, Tarnopolsky MA. Body-weight-support treadmill training improves blood glucose regulation in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury. J Appl Physiol, 1985, 97: 716–20.
17. Kratz A, Kent B, Lewandrowski MD, Siegel AJ, Kelly YC, James GF et al. Effect of marathon running on hematologic and biochemical laboratory parameters, Including Cardiac Markers from American J Clin pathol, 2002, post 3 (3) 45–6.
18. Rowland TW. Pediatric exercise medicine from physiologic principles to healt care application, 1. ed, ABD: Sheridan Books, 2004, 219-36.
19. Nordfelt S, Ludvinsson J. Fear and other disturbances of severe hypoglycaemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab, 2005, 18;83–91.
20. Temple MY, Bar-Or O, Riddell MC. The reliability and repeatability of the blood glucose response to prolonged exercise in adolescent boys with IDDM. Diabetes Care, 1995, 18;326–32.
21. Pratt DS, Kaplan MM. Evaluation of the liver (Laboratory tests). In: ER: Schiff, MF. Sorrell, WC.Maddrey, Editors. Diseases of the Liver. Volume 1, Eight ed. Philadelphia, Lippincott-Raven,1999, 205-44.
22. Rosmarin MN, Beard MJ, Robbins SW, 1993. Serum enzyme activities in individuals with different levels of physical fitness. J Sports Med Physic Fitn,1999, 33:252-257.
23. Marcos Bürger-Mendonça, Bielavsky M, Fernanda CR Barbosa. Liver overload in Brazilian triathletes after halfironman competition is related muscle fatigue. Ann Hepatol, 2008, 7:245-48.
24. Bijeh N, RashidlamirA, Sadeghynia S, Hejazi K. The effect of eight weeks swimming training on hepatic enzymes and hematological values in youngfemale. Int J Basic Sci&App Res, 2013, 2 (1), p.123-28.
25. Kaynar Ö, Öztürk N, Kıyıcı F, Baygutalp NK, Nakan E. The effects of short-term ıntensive exercise on levels of liver enzymes and serum lipids in kick boxing athletes. Dicle J Med, 2016, 43 (1):130-34.
26. Rajasekaran S, Ravi K, Sivagnanam K, Subramanian S. Beneficial effects of aloe vera leaf gel extract on lipid profile status in rats with streptozotocin diabetes. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol, 2006, 33(3):232-37.
27. Can A, Akev N, Ozsoy N, Bolkent S, Arda BP, Yanardağ R, Okyar A. Effect of aloe vera leaf gel and pulp extracts on the liver in typeII diabetic rat models, Biol Pharm Bull, 2004, 27, 5, 694-98.
28. Tanaka K, Nanbara S, Koide H and Hayashi T. Aminotransferase activity in the liver of diabetic mice, Diabetes Res Clin Practice, 1988, 5, 71-75.
29. Kusunkoi M, Tsutsumi K, Inove Y, Hara T, Miyata T, et al. Lipoprotein lipase activator no-improves fatty liver caused by high-fat feeding in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, Metabolism, 2004, 53, 2, 260-63.
30. Zafar M, Naqvi SN, Ahmed M, Kaimkhani ZA. Altered liver morphology and enzymes in streptozotocin ınduced diabetic rats. Int J Morphology, 2009, 27: 719-25.
31. Goh S, Cooper ME. The role of advanced glycation end products in progression and complications of diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2008, 93 (4): 1143-152.
32. American Diabetes Association (ADA). Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care, 2012, 35, s.64-71.
33. Jenkins RR. Exercise and oxidative stress metodology: a critique. Am J Clin Nutr, 2000, 72: 670-74.
34. Hara M, Ligo M, Othani-Kaneko R, Nakamura N, Suzuki T, Reiter RJ, Hirata KAdministration of melatonin and related indoles prevents exercise-induced cellular oxidative changes in rats. Biol Signals Recept, 1997, 6: 90- 100.
35. Temiz A, Başkurt OK, Pekçetin C, Kandemir F, Güre A. Leukocyte activation, oxidant stress and red blood cell properties after acute, exhausting exercise in rats. J Clin Hemorheol Microcirc, 2000, 22:253–59.
36. Semin I, Kayatekin BM, Gönenç S, Açıkgöz E, Uysal N, Delen Y, Güre A. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme levels of intestinal and muscle tissues aftere a 60 minutes exercise in trained mice, Ind J Physiol Pharmacol, 2000, 44:419-27.
37. Clarkson PM. Antioxidant and physical performance. Crit Rev Food Nutr, 1995, 35: 131-41.
38. Powers SK, Criswell D, Lawler J, Martin D, Lieu FK, Ji LL, Herb RA. Rigorous exercise training increases superoxide dismutase activity in ventricular myocardium. American J Physiol, 1993, 265: 2094-98.
39. Burneiko RCM, Diniz YS, Galhardi GM, Rodrigues HG, Ebaid GMX, et al. Interaction of hypercaloric diet and physical exercise on lipid profile, oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses. Food Chem Toxicol, 2006, 7; p.1167-72.
40. Qiao D, Hou L, Liu X. Influence of intermittent anaerobic exercise on mouse physical endurance and antioxidant components. Br J Sports Med, 2006, 40:214–18.
41. Lima FD, Stamm DN, Della-Pace ID, Dobrachinsk F, Carvalho NR, Royes LFF, Soares FA, Rocha JB, Galleo JG, Bresciani G. Swimming training induces liver mitochondrial adaptations to oxidative stress in rats submitted to repeated exhaustive swimming bouts. PLoSOne, 2013, 8(2): e55668, p.1-9.
42. Laughlin MH, Simpson T, Sexton WL, Brown OR, Smith JK, Korthuis RJ. Skeletal muscle oxidative capacity, antioxidant enzymes, and exercise training. J Appl Physiol, 1990, 68: 2337-43.
43. Husain K. Interaction of exercise training and chronic NOS inhibition on blood pressure, heart rate, NO and antioxidants in plasma of rats. Pathophysiol, 2003, 10: 47-56.
44. Venditti P, Napolitano G, Barone D, Di Meo S. Effect of training and vitamin E administration on rat liver oxidative metabolism. Free Rad Res, 2013, 48: 322-32.
45. İnal M, Akyüz F, Turgut A, Getsfrid WM. Effect of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism on free radical generation swimmers. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 2001, 33: 564-67.
46. Husain K, Hazelrigg SR. Oxidative injury due to chronic nitric oxide synthase inhibition in rat: effect of regular exercise on the heart. Biochem Biophys Acta, 2002, 1587:75-82.
47. Hellsten Y, Svensson M, Sjödin B, Smith S, Christensen A, Richter EA, Bangsbo J. Allantoin formation and urate and glutathione exchange in human muscle during submaximal exercise. Free Radical Biol Med, 2001, 31: 1313-22.
48. Svensson MB, Ekblom B, Cotgreave IA, Norman B, Sjöberg B, Ekblom O, Sjödin B, Sjödin A. Adaptive stress response of glutathione and uric acid metabolism in man following controlled exercise and diet. Acta Physiol Scand, 2002, 176: 43-56.
49. Liu J, Yeo HC, Overvik-Douki E, Hagen T, Doniger SJ, Chyu DW, Brooks GA, Ames BN. Chronically and acutely exercised rats: biomarkers of oxidative stress and endogenous antioxidants. J Appl Physiol, 2000, 89: 21-8.
50. Kuyvenhoven JP, Meinders AE. Oxidative stress and diabetes mellitus: Pathogenesis of long-term complications. Eur J Intern Med, 1999,10: 9-19.
51. Adewole SO, Caxton-Martins EA, Ojewole JAO. Projective effect of quercetin on the morphology of pancreatic β-cells of streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats. Afr. J Trad, 2007, (1):64-74.
52. Biçer M. Effects of zinc supplementation on lipid peroxidation, and lactate levels in rats with streptozotocine-induced diabetic and acute swimming exercise, Phd Thesis, Gazi Unv Health Sci Ins, Physical Edu Sport, 2008, Ankara, 136; 24-25.
53. Villa-Caballero L, Nava-Ocampo AA, Frati-Munari A, Ponce-Monter H. Oxidative stress, acute and regular exercise: Are they really harmful in the diabetic patient?. Med Hypotheses, 2000, 55, 43-46.

The Effects of Exercise on Antioxidant System and Some Blood Parameters at Experimental Diabetic Rats

Year 2021, Volume: 23 Issue: 2, 223 - 229, 31.08.2021

Bekir Mehtap Zafer Durgun

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the effects of exercise on antioxidant system (MDA, SOD, GSH) and some blood parameteres (plasma insuline, glucose, ALT, AST) in rats with experimental diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ).
In the study, 32 adult Wistar Albino rats were divided into 4 equal groups as control (C), exercise (E), diabetes (D) and diabetes+exercise (DE). Diabetes was induced in D and DE by intraperitoneal injection with a single dose of 60 mg/kg STZ. After the diabetes was induced, swimming exercise was applied to E and DE for 5 days / 30 min a week for 4 weeks. According to the findings obtained; there was a significant decrease in D and DE compared to C. Plasma glucose levels decreased in DE with exercise in the diabetic groups. While ALT levels increased significantly in diabetic groups compared to others, it was found that exercise did not make a difference in diabetics. However, the increase in AST levels was statistically significant only in D. When serum MDA levels were examined, a significant decrease was observed in DE compared to D. While there was a significant decrease in serum SOD levels in the diabetic groups compared to C. The diabetic groups and DE and E were similar to each other. A significant decrease was observed in GSH levels in D. This difference was also detected between diabetic groups.
As a result; in the study it was concluded that regular aerobic exercise improved glycemic control, has a lipid peroxidation-reducing effect and may hava a positive effect on strengthening the antioxidant system in diabetes.

Keywords

Antioxidants, exercise, diabetesmellitus, bloodparameters

Project Number

14102035

References

1. Noyan A. Yaşamda ve hekimlikte fizyoloji. Meteksan, 1993, p 1058-66 Ankara.
2. Öntürk H, Özbek H. Carried out of experimental diabetes and the measurement of glycemic activity. J General Med, 2007, 17(4):231-36.
3. Baynes JW, Thorpe SR. Role of oxidative stress in diabetic complications: A new perspective on an old paradigm. Diabetes, 1999, 48 (1), 1-9.
4. Urso ML, Clarkson PM. Oxidative stress, exercise and antioxidant supplementation. Toxicology, 2003, 189:41-54.
5. Packer, L. Oxidants, antioxidant nutrients and the athlete. J Sports Sci, 1997, 15:353-63.
6. Deaton CM, Marlin DJ. Exercise-associated oxidative stress, Clin TechEquine Pract, 2003, 2:278-91.
7. Akbarzadeh A, Norouzian D, Mehrabi MR, Jamshidi Sh, Farhangi A, Allah Verdi A, Mofidian SMA, Lame Rad B. Induction of diabetes by Streptozotocin in rats. Ind J Clin Biochem, 2007, 22, 60-64.
8. Cetto AA, Wiedenfeld H, Revilla MC, Sergio IA. Hypolgycemic effect of Equisetum myriochaetumaerial parts on streptozotocin diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol, 2000, 72:129-33.
9. Pushparaj P, Tan CH, Tan BKH. Effects of averrhoa bilimbi leaf extract on blood glucose and lipids in streptozotocin diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol, 2000, 72:69-76.
10. Sanders RA, Rauscher FM, Watkins JB. Effects of quercetin on antioxidant defense in streptozotocin-ınduced diabetic rats. Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol, 2001, 15,143-49.
11. Valizadeh R, Nikbakht M, Davodi M, Khodadoost M. The effect of eight week selected aerobic exercise on the levels of (AST,ALT) enzymes of men patient with have fat liver. Procedia Soc Behav Sci, 2011,15, p. 3362-65.
12. Ahmadi N, Moghadasi M, Nuri R. Changes of serum retinolbinding protein 4 levels following 8 weeks moderate aerobic exercise. Asian J Sports Med, 2013, Vol 4 (3).
13. Cicioğlu İ, Onay M. The effects of high intensity exercise on blood gases and some blood parameters. J Physic Edu Sport Sci, 2002, 4 (3), s. 26-30.
14. Zeinali S, Nodoushan IS, Firouzian A, Marandi SM, Aghajani H, Mazreno AB. The influence of the session of intensive physical activity on the amount of testosterone, cortisol, insulin and glucose hormone in elite athletes blood serum hemostat. Acta Kinesiologica, 2012, 6, 2: 47-51.
15. RamzanPour MR, Mousavian S, Hejazi SM. The effect of 12 weeks of selective aerobic exercise on insulin resistance and hepatic enzymes in middle-aged type II diabetic women. Int J Sport Studies, 2014, 4 (5), 508-13.
16. Phillips SM, Stewart BG, Mahoney DJ, Hicks AL, McCartney N, Tang JE, Wilkinson SB, Armstrong D, Tarnopolsky MA. Body-weight-support treadmill training improves blood glucose regulation in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury. J Appl Physiol, 1985, 97: 716–20.
17. Kratz A, Kent B, Lewandrowski MD, Siegel AJ, Kelly YC, James GF et al. Effect of marathon running on hematologic and biochemical laboratory parameters, Including Cardiac Markers from American J Clin pathol, 2002, post 3 (3) 45–6.
18. Rowland TW. Pediatric exercise medicine from physiologic principles to healt care application, 1. ed, ABD: Sheridan Books, 2004, 219-36.
19. Nordfelt S, Ludvinsson J. Fear and other disturbances of severe hypoglycaemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab, 2005, 18;83–91.
20. Temple MY, Bar-Or O, Riddell MC. The reliability and repeatability of the blood glucose response to prolonged exercise in adolescent boys with IDDM. Diabetes Care, 1995, 18;326–32.
21. Pratt DS, Kaplan MM. Evaluation of the liver (Laboratory tests). In: ER: Schiff, MF. Sorrell, WC.Maddrey, Editors. Diseases of the Liver. Volume 1, Eight ed. Philadelphia, Lippincott-Raven,1999, 205-44.
22. Rosmarin MN, Beard MJ, Robbins SW, 1993. Serum enzyme activities in individuals with different levels of physical fitness. J Sports Med Physic Fitn,1999, 33:252-257.
23. Marcos Bürger-Mendonça, Bielavsky M, Fernanda CR Barbosa. Liver overload in Brazilian triathletes after halfironman competition is related muscle fatigue. Ann Hepatol, 2008, 7:245-48.
24. Bijeh N, RashidlamirA, Sadeghynia S, Hejazi K. The effect of eight weeks swimming training on hepatic enzymes and hematological values in youngfemale. Int J Basic Sci&App Res, 2013, 2 (1), p.123-28.
25. Kaynar Ö, Öztürk N, Kıyıcı F, Baygutalp NK, Nakan E. The effects of short-term ıntensive exercise on levels of liver enzymes and serum lipids in kick boxing athletes. Dicle J Med, 2016, 43 (1):130-34.
26. Rajasekaran S, Ravi K, Sivagnanam K, Subramanian S. Beneficial effects of aloe vera leaf gel extract on lipid profile status in rats with streptozotocin diabetes. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol, 2006, 33(3):232-37.
27. Can A, Akev N, Ozsoy N, Bolkent S, Arda BP, Yanardağ R, Okyar A. Effect of aloe vera leaf gel and pulp extracts on the liver in typeII diabetic rat models, Biol Pharm Bull, 2004, 27, 5, 694-98.
28. Tanaka K, Nanbara S, Koide H and Hayashi T. Aminotransferase activity in the liver of diabetic mice, Diabetes Res Clin Practice, 1988, 5, 71-75.
29. Kusunkoi M, Tsutsumi K, Inove Y, Hara T, Miyata T, et al. Lipoprotein lipase activator no-improves fatty liver caused by high-fat feeding in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, Metabolism, 2004, 53, 2, 260-63.
30. Zafar M, Naqvi SN, Ahmed M, Kaimkhani ZA. Altered liver morphology and enzymes in streptozotocin ınduced diabetic rats. Int J Morphology, 2009, 27: 719-25.
31. Goh S, Cooper ME. The role of advanced glycation end products in progression and complications of diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2008, 93 (4): 1143-152.
32. American Diabetes Association (ADA). Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care, 2012, 35, s.64-71.
33. Jenkins RR. Exercise and oxidative stress metodology: a critique. Am J Clin Nutr, 2000, 72: 670-74.
34. Hara M, Ligo M, Othani-Kaneko R, Nakamura N, Suzuki T, Reiter RJ, Hirata KAdministration of melatonin and related indoles prevents exercise-induced cellular oxidative changes in rats. Biol Signals Recept, 1997, 6: 90- 100.
35. Temiz A, Başkurt OK, Pekçetin C, Kandemir F, Güre A. Leukocyte activation, oxidant stress and red blood cell properties after acute, exhausting exercise in rats. J Clin Hemorheol Microcirc, 2000, 22:253–59.
36. Semin I, Kayatekin BM, Gönenç S, Açıkgöz E, Uysal N, Delen Y, Güre A. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme levels of intestinal and muscle tissues aftere a 60 minutes exercise in trained mice, Ind J Physiol Pharmacol, 2000, 44:419-27.
37. Clarkson PM. Antioxidant and physical performance. Crit Rev Food Nutr, 1995, 35: 131-41.
38. Powers SK, Criswell D, Lawler J, Martin D, Lieu FK, Ji LL, Herb RA. Rigorous exercise training increases superoxide dismutase activity in ventricular myocardium. American J Physiol, 1993, 265: 2094-98.
39. Burneiko RCM, Diniz YS, Galhardi GM, Rodrigues HG, Ebaid GMX, et al. Interaction of hypercaloric diet and physical exercise on lipid profile, oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses. Food Chem Toxicol, 2006, 7; p.1167-72.
40. Qiao D, Hou L, Liu X. Influence of intermittent anaerobic exercise on mouse physical endurance and antioxidant components. Br J Sports Med, 2006, 40:214–18.
41. Lima FD, Stamm DN, Della-Pace ID, Dobrachinsk F, Carvalho NR, Royes LFF, Soares FA, Rocha JB, Galleo JG, Bresciani G. Swimming training induces liver mitochondrial adaptations to oxidative stress in rats submitted to repeated exhaustive swimming bouts. PLoSOne, 2013, 8(2): e55668, p.1-9.
42. Laughlin MH, Simpson T, Sexton WL, Brown OR, Smith JK, Korthuis RJ. Skeletal muscle oxidative capacity, antioxidant enzymes, and exercise training. J Appl Physiol, 1990, 68: 2337-43.
43. Husain K. Interaction of exercise training and chronic NOS inhibition on blood pressure, heart rate, NO and antioxidants in plasma of rats. Pathophysiol, 2003, 10: 47-56.
44. Venditti P, Napolitano G, Barone D, Di Meo S. Effect of training and vitamin E administration on rat liver oxidative metabolism. Free Rad Res, 2013, 48: 322-32.
45. İnal M, Akyüz F, Turgut A, Getsfrid WM. Effect of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism on free radical generation swimmers. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 2001, 33: 564-67.
46. Husain K, Hazelrigg SR. Oxidative injury due to chronic nitric oxide synthase inhibition in rat: effect of regular exercise on the heart. Biochem Biophys Acta, 2002, 1587:75-82.
47. Hellsten Y, Svensson M, Sjödin B, Smith S, Christensen A, Richter EA, Bangsbo J. Allantoin formation and urate and glutathione exchange in human muscle during submaximal exercise. Free Radical Biol Med, 2001, 31: 1313-22.
48. Svensson MB, Ekblom B, Cotgreave IA, Norman B, Sjöberg B, Ekblom O, Sjödin B, Sjödin A. Adaptive stress response of glutathione and uric acid metabolism in man following controlled exercise and diet. Acta Physiol Scand, 2002, 176: 43-56.
49. Liu J, Yeo HC, Overvik-Douki E, Hagen T, Doniger SJ, Chyu DW, Brooks GA, Ames BN. Chronically and acutely exercised rats: biomarkers of oxidative stress and endogenous antioxidants. J Appl Physiol, 2000, 89: 21-8.
50. Kuyvenhoven JP, Meinders AE. Oxidative stress and diabetes mellitus: Pathogenesis of long-term complications. Eur J Intern Med, 1999,10: 9-19.
51. Adewole SO, Caxton-Martins EA, Ojewole JAO. Projective effect of quercetin on the morphology of pancreatic β-cells of streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats. Afr. J Trad, 2007, (1):64-74.
52. Biçer M. Effects of zinc supplementation on lipid peroxidation, and lactate levels in rats with streptozotocine-induced diabetic and acute swimming exercise, Phd Thesis, Gazi Unv Health Sci Ins, Physical Edu Sport, 2008, Ankara, 136; 24-25.
53. Villa-Caballero L, Nava-Ocampo AA, Frati-Munari A, Ponce-Monter H. Oxidative stress, acute and regular exercise: Are they really harmful in the diabetic patient?. Med Hypotheses, 2000, 55, 43-46.

There are 53 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Sports Medicine
Journal Section	Articles
Authors	Bekir Mehtap 0000-0002-8639-1983 Zafer Durgun 0000-0002-9385-638X
Project Number	14102035
Publication Date	August 31, 2021
Acceptance Date	September 30, 2021
Published in Issue	Year 2021 Volume: 23 Issue: 2

Cite

APA	Mehtap, B., & Durgun, Z. (2021). The Effects of Exercise on Antioxidant System and Some Blood Parameters at Experimental Diabetic Rats. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 23(2), 223-229. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.926598
AMA	Mehtap B, Durgun Z. The Effects of Exercise on Antioxidant System and Some Blood Parameters at Experimental Diabetic Rats. Turk J Sport Exe. August 2021;23(2):223-229. doi:10.15314/tsed.926598
Chicago	Mehtap, Bekir, and Zafer Durgun. “The Effects of Exercise on Antioxidant System and Some Blood Parameters at Experimental Diabetic Rats”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 23, no. 2 (August 2021): 223-29. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.926598.
EndNote	Mehtap B, Durgun Z (August 1, 2021) The Effects of Exercise on Antioxidant System and Some Blood Parameters at Experimental Diabetic Rats. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 23 2 223–229.
IEEE	B. Mehtap and Z. Durgun, “The Effects of Exercise on Antioxidant System and Some Blood Parameters at Experimental Diabetic Rats”, Turk J Sport Exe, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 223–229, 2021, doi: 10.15314/tsed.926598.
ISNAD	Mehtap, Bekir - Durgun, Zafer. “The Effects of Exercise on Antioxidant System and Some Blood Parameters at Experimental Diabetic Rats”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 23/2 (August 2021), 223-229. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.926598.
JAMA	Mehtap B, Durgun Z. The Effects of Exercise on Antioxidant System and Some Blood Parameters at Experimental Diabetic Rats. Turk J Sport Exe. 2021;23:223–229.
MLA	Mehtap, Bekir and Zafer Durgun. “The Effects of Exercise on Antioxidant System and Some Blood Parameters at Experimental Diabetic Rats”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, vol. 23, no. 2, 2021, pp. 223-9, doi:10.15314/tsed.926598.
Vancouver	Mehtap B, Durgun Z. The Effects of Exercise on Antioxidant System and Some Blood Parameters at Experimental Diabetic Rats. Turk J Sport Exe. 2021;23(2):223-9.

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