Research Article
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Influence of Irrigation Water pH on Biomass, Rooting, Root and Shoot Growth of Grapevine Rootstocks

Year 2021, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 276 - 288, 31.12.2021

Selda Daler Rüstem Cangi

Abstract

In this study, the effects of irrigation water pH on root and shoot developments in grapevine rootstocks were investigated. Cuttings of Kober 5 BB and 41 B rootstocks were planted in plastic pots containing perlite and irrigated with 6 different pH values (5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5 and 8.0). At the end of the 90-day growing period, root and shoot characteristics of rootstocks were examined and determined that the highest rooting rates occurred at neutral and about neutral pH levels. In both rootstocks, it was recorded that the value of fresh and dry root weight reached the highest level at pH: 6.0. In addition, the highest dry matter ratios were obtained from pH: 6.0 (6.15%) in 41 B rootstocks, and from pH: 6.0 and 6.5 (respectively, 4.46% and 4.20) in 5 BB rootstocks. It was determined that the highest values of mean shoot weight and mean shoot length of rootstocks were obtained from pH: 6.5. chlorophyll measurement in SPAD, it was seen that there was no statistically significant difference between irrigation solutions with pH 5.5-7.5 on both rootstocks. As a result of the research, it was determined that irrigation solutions with different pH levels played an important role on the morphological and physiological characteristics of grapevine rootstocks.

Keywords

Irrigation water quality 41 B 5 BB root and shoot growth chlorophyll content

References

  • Anonim (1994). FAO, water quality for agriculture. Irrigation and Drainage Paper, Rome.
  • Bates TR, Dunst RM, Taft T and Vercant M (2002). The vegetative response of ‘Concord’ grapevines to soil pH. The American Society for Horticultural Science, 37(6): 890-893.
  • Bavaresco L, Giachino E and Pezutto S (2003). Grapevine rootstocks effects on lime-induced chlorosis, nutrient uptake, and source-sink relationships. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 26: 1451-1465.
  • Boselli M and Volpe B (1993). Influence of rootstock on potassium content, the pH and concentration of organic acids of the must of cv "Chardonnay". Papers of the School of Viticulture and Enology, University of Turin (Italy), 16: 37-40.
  • Cirami RM, McCarthy MG and Furkaliev DG (1985). Minimum pruning of Shiraz vines - effects on yield and wine colour. Australian & New Zealand Grapegrower & Winemaker, 263: 26-27.
  • Çakır B and Atalay YI (2020). pH, ‘Sultani Çekirdeksiz’, Kober 5 BB, 41 B, plant growth, mineral content. 30. International Horticultural Congress IHC2018: International Symposium on Viticulture: Primary Production and Processing, 12-16 August 2018. Istanbul-Turkey (in English).
  • Çelik H (1996). Bağcılıkta anaç kullanımı ve yetiştiricilikteki önemi. Anadolu Ege Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6(2): 127-148.
  • Falkenmark M and Rockstrom J (1993). Curbing rural exodus from tropical drylands. Food fiber need sand to enhance water use efficiency. USDA-ARS Water Management User Unit Bushland, Texas.
  • Fardossi A, Hepp E, Mayer C and Kalchgruber R (1991). Untersuchungen über den Einfluß verschiedener Unterlasgssorten auf die Nährstoffgehalte bei Grümer Veltliner im Gefaßversuch. Mitteilungen Klosterneuburg, 41: 137-142.
  • Fischer DLO, Fernandes GW, Borges EA, Piana CFB and Pasa MS (2016). Rooting of blueberry hardwood cuttings as affected by irrigation water pH and IBA. Acta Horticulturae, 1130: 431-436.
  • Güler Ç (1997). Su kalitesi kitabı. Çevre Sağlığı Temel Kaynak Dizisi, Ankara.
  • Hayes PF and Mannini F (1988). Nutrient levels in Sauvignon Blanc garafted to different rootstocks. In ‘Second international seminar cool climate viticulture and oenology’ pp. 43-44. 11-15 January 1988. Auckland, New Zealand.
  • Hoagland DR and Arnon DI (1950). The water culture method for growing plants without soil. Circular - California Agricultural Experiment Station, 347: 32.
  • Iyengar K, Gahrotra S, Mishra A, Kaushal A, Kumar K and Dutt M (2011). Greenhouse a reference manual. National Committee on Plasticulture Applications in Horticulture, Ministry of Agriculture, India.
  • Kanber R, Kırda C ve Tekinel O (1992). Sulama suyu niteliği ve sulamada tuzluluk sorunları. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları: 6.
  • Lal D (1991). Cosmic ray labeling of erosion surfaces: in situ nuclide production rates and erosion models. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 104(2-4): 424-439.
  • Loue A (1990). Le diagnostic foliaire (ou pétiolaire) dans les enquêtes de nutrition minérale des vignes. Progrès agricole et viticole (Montpellier), 107: 439-453.
  • Mullins MG, Bouquet A and Williams LE (1992). Biology of the grapevine. Cambridge University Press, 239p.
  • Rhoades JD (1972). Quality of water for irrigation. Soil Science, 113: 227-284.
  • Richards D (1983). The grape root system. Horticultural reviews, AVI Publishing Company, Westport, Connecticut.
  • Riley CV (1891). The Phylloxera and American resistant stocks. Scientific American, 31(788): 12596-12597.
  • Rosas A, Rengel Z and de la Luz Mora M (2007). Manganese supply and pH influence growth, carboxylate exudation and peroxidase activity of ryegrass and white clover. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 30: 253-270.
  • Ruckenbauer W and Traxler H (1974). Weinbau heute. Handbuch für Beratung, Schule und Praxis, Stutgard.
  • Rühl EH (1991). Effect of potassium supply on cation uptake and distribution in grafted Vitis campinii and Vitis berlandieri × Vitis rupestris rootstocks. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 31: 687-691.
  • Scienze A, Failla O and Romano F (1986). Untersuchungen zur sortenspezifischen Mineralstoffaufnahme bei Reben. Vitis, 25: 160-168.
  • Spoerr R (1902). Nurseries for grapevine grafts. American Scientific, 53: 21904-21906.
  • Şimşek G, Çanlı M, Karadavut U, Yazıcı ME ve Soğancı K (2017). Sulama yapılan alanların bazı su parametreleri açısından ayırma (discriminant) analizi kullanılarak incelenmesi. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi 4(3): 339–346.
  • Şinik E (2011). Edirne ilinde bulunan asit karakterli toprakların bitki besin elementleri ve bazı ağır metal içeriklerinin belirlenmesi üzerine bir araştırma. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Namık Kemal Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Anabilim Dalı, 48 s., Tekirdağ.
  • Tangolar S ve Ergenoğlu F (1989). Değişik anaçların erkenci bazı üzüm çeşitlerinde yaprakların mineral besin maddesi ve çubukların karbonhidrat içerikleri üzerine etkisi. Doğa, 13(3B): 1267-1283.
  • Tuncay H (1994). Su kalitesi (I. Basım). Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, İzmir.
  • Valdez-Aguilar LA, Grieve CM and Poss J (2009). Hypersensitivity of Ranunculus asiaticus to salinity and alkaline pH in irrigation water in sand cultures. Hortscience, 44(1): 138-144.
  • Volpe B and Boselli M (1990). The effect of the rootstock on the mineral nutrition and on certain qualitative and quantitative parameters of the grapevine cultivar Croatina. Vignevini,17(4): 51-55.
  • Vršič S, Kocsis L and Pulko B (2016). Influence of substrate pH on root growth, biomass and leaf mineral contents of grapevine rootstocks grown in pots. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 18: 483-490.
  • Williams LE and Smith RJ (1991). The effect of rootstock on the partitioning of dry weight, nitrogen and potassium and root distribution of Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 42(2): 118-122.
  • Zhao D, Hao Z, Wang J and Tao J (2013). Effects of pH in irrigation water on plant growth and flower quality in herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.). Scientia Horticulturae, 154: 45-53.
  • Zhao JX (2003). Studies on the soil pH and plant growth. Inner Mongolia Agricultural Science and Technology, 6: 33-42.

Sulama Suyu pH’sının Asma Anaçlarının Biyokütle, Köklenme, Kök ve Sürgün Gelişimi Üzerine Etkisi

Year 2021, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 276 - 288, 31.12.2021

Selda Daler Rüstem Cangi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, sulama suyu pH’sının asma anaçlarında kök ve sürgün gelişimi üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Kober 5 BB ve 41 B anaçlarına ait çelikler perlit içeren plastik potlara dikilerek, 6 farklı pH değerine sahip (5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5 ve 8.0) sulama çözeltisi ile sulanmışlardır. 90 günlük yetiştirme periyodunun sonucunda, anaçlara ait kök ve sürgün özellikleri incelenmiş ve en yüksek köklenme oranının nötr ve nötre yakın pH derecelerinde meydana geldiği belirlenmiştir. Her iki anaçta da yaş ve kuru kök ağırlığı değerlerinin pH: 6.0’da en yüksek seviyeye ulaştığı kaydedilmiştir. Ayrıca, en yüksek kuru madde oranının 41 B anacında pH: 6.0’dan (%6.15), 5 BB anacında ise pH: 6.0 ve 6.5 derecelerinden (sırasıyla, %4.46 ve %4.20) alındığı belirlenmiştir. Anaçların ortalama sürgün ağırlığı ve ortalama sürgün uzunluğu değerlerinin en yüksek pH: 6.5 derecesinden elde edildiği belirlenirken; SPAD cinsinden gerçekleştirilen klorofil ölçümleri sonucunda her iki anaçta da pH’sı 5.5-7.5 olan sulama solüsyonları arasında istatistiksel olarak önemli bir farklılığın bulunmadığı saptanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, farklı pH derecelerine sahip sulama çözeltilerinin asma anaçlarının morfolojik ve fizyolojik özellikleri üzerinde önemli rol oynadığı belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Sulama suyu kalitesi 41 B 5 BB kök ve sürgün gelişimi klorofil içeriği

References

  • Anonim (1994). FAO, water quality for agriculture. Irrigation and Drainage Paper, Rome.
  • Bates TR, Dunst RM, Taft T and Vercant M (2002). The vegetative response of ‘Concord’ grapevines to soil pH. The American Society for Horticultural Science, 37(6): 890-893.
  • Bavaresco L, Giachino E and Pezutto S (2003). Grapevine rootstocks effects on lime-induced chlorosis, nutrient uptake, and source-sink relationships. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 26: 1451-1465.
  • Boselli M and Volpe B (1993). Influence of rootstock on potassium content, the pH and concentration of organic acids of the must of cv "Chardonnay". Papers of the School of Viticulture and Enology, University of Turin (Italy), 16: 37-40.
  • Cirami RM, McCarthy MG and Furkaliev DG (1985). Minimum pruning of Shiraz vines - effects on yield and wine colour. Australian & New Zealand Grapegrower & Winemaker, 263: 26-27.
  • Çakır B and Atalay YI (2020). pH, ‘Sultani Çekirdeksiz’, Kober 5 BB, 41 B, plant growth, mineral content. 30. International Horticultural Congress IHC2018: International Symposium on Viticulture: Primary Production and Processing, 12-16 August 2018. Istanbul-Turkey (in English).
  • Çelik H (1996). Bağcılıkta anaç kullanımı ve yetiştiricilikteki önemi. Anadolu Ege Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6(2): 127-148.
  • Falkenmark M and Rockstrom J (1993). Curbing rural exodus from tropical drylands. Food fiber need sand to enhance water use efficiency. USDA-ARS Water Management User Unit Bushland, Texas.
  • Fardossi A, Hepp E, Mayer C and Kalchgruber R (1991). Untersuchungen über den Einfluß verschiedener Unterlasgssorten auf die Nährstoffgehalte bei Grümer Veltliner im Gefaßversuch. Mitteilungen Klosterneuburg, 41: 137-142.
  • Fischer DLO, Fernandes GW, Borges EA, Piana CFB and Pasa MS (2016). Rooting of blueberry hardwood cuttings as affected by irrigation water pH and IBA. Acta Horticulturae, 1130: 431-436.
  • Güler Ç (1997). Su kalitesi kitabı. Çevre Sağlığı Temel Kaynak Dizisi, Ankara.
  • Hayes PF and Mannini F (1988). Nutrient levels in Sauvignon Blanc garafted to different rootstocks. In ‘Second international seminar cool climate viticulture and oenology’ pp. 43-44. 11-15 January 1988. Auckland, New Zealand.
  • Hoagland DR and Arnon DI (1950). The water culture method for growing plants without soil. Circular - California Agricultural Experiment Station, 347: 32.
  • Iyengar K, Gahrotra S, Mishra A, Kaushal A, Kumar K and Dutt M (2011). Greenhouse a reference manual. National Committee on Plasticulture Applications in Horticulture, Ministry of Agriculture, India.
  • Kanber R, Kırda C ve Tekinel O (1992). Sulama suyu niteliği ve sulamada tuzluluk sorunları. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları: 6.
  • Lal D (1991). Cosmic ray labeling of erosion surfaces: in situ nuclide production rates and erosion models. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 104(2-4): 424-439.
  • Loue A (1990). Le diagnostic foliaire (ou pétiolaire) dans les enquêtes de nutrition minérale des vignes. Progrès agricole et viticole (Montpellier), 107: 439-453.
  • Mullins MG, Bouquet A and Williams LE (1992). Biology of the grapevine. Cambridge University Press, 239p.
  • Rhoades JD (1972). Quality of water for irrigation. Soil Science, 113: 227-284.
  • Richards D (1983). The grape root system. Horticultural reviews, AVI Publishing Company, Westport, Connecticut.
  • Riley CV (1891). The Phylloxera and American resistant stocks. Scientific American, 31(788): 12596-12597.
  • Rosas A, Rengel Z and de la Luz Mora M (2007). Manganese supply and pH influence growth, carboxylate exudation and peroxidase activity of ryegrass and white clover. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 30: 253-270.
  • Ruckenbauer W and Traxler H (1974). Weinbau heute. Handbuch für Beratung, Schule und Praxis, Stutgard.
  • Rühl EH (1991). Effect of potassium supply on cation uptake and distribution in grafted Vitis campinii and Vitis berlandieri × Vitis rupestris rootstocks. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 31: 687-691.
  • Scienze A, Failla O and Romano F (1986). Untersuchungen zur sortenspezifischen Mineralstoffaufnahme bei Reben. Vitis, 25: 160-168.
  • Spoerr R (1902). Nurseries for grapevine grafts. American Scientific, 53: 21904-21906.
  • Şimşek G, Çanlı M, Karadavut U, Yazıcı ME ve Soğancı K (2017). Sulama yapılan alanların bazı su parametreleri açısından ayırma (discriminant) analizi kullanılarak incelenmesi. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi 4(3): 339–346.
  • Şinik E (2011). Edirne ilinde bulunan asit karakterli toprakların bitki besin elementleri ve bazı ağır metal içeriklerinin belirlenmesi üzerine bir araştırma. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Namık Kemal Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Anabilim Dalı, 48 s., Tekirdağ.
  • Tangolar S ve Ergenoğlu F (1989). Değişik anaçların erkenci bazı üzüm çeşitlerinde yaprakların mineral besin maddesi ve çubukların karbonhidrat içerikleri üzerine etkisi. Doğa, 13(3B): 1267-1283.
  • Tuncay H (1994). Su kalitesi (I. Basım). Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, İzmir.
  • Valdez-Aguilar LA, Grieve CM and Poss J (2009). Hypersensitivity of Ranunculus asiaticus to salinity and alkaline pH in irrigation water in sand cultures. Hortscience, 44(1): 138-144.
  • Volpe B and Boselli M (1990). The effect of the rootstock on the mineral nutrition and on certain qualitative and quantitative parameters of the grapevine cultivar Croatina. Vignevini,17(4): 51-55.
  • Vršič S, Kocsis L and Pulko B (2016). Influence of substrate pH on root growth, biomass and leaf mineral contents of grapevine rootstocks grown in pots. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 18: 483-490.
  • Williams LE and Smith RJ (1991). The effect of rootstock on the partitioning of dry weight, nitrogen and potassium and root distribution of Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 42(2): 118-122.
  • Zhao D, Hao Z, Wang J and Tao J (2013). Effects of pH in irrigation water on plant growth and flower quality in herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.). Scientia Horticulturae, 154: 45-53.
  • Zhao JX (2003). Studies on the soil pH and plant growth. Inner Mongolia Agricultural Science and Technology, 6: 33-42.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Selda Daler 0000-0003-0422-1444

Rüstem Cangi 0000-0002-8264-9844

Publication Date December 31, 2021
Submission Date June 11, 2021
Acceptance Date August 3, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Daler, S., & Cangi, R. (2021). Sulama Suyu pH’sının Asma Anaçlarının Biyokütle, Köklenme, Kök ve Sürgün Gelişimi Üzerine Etkisi. Turkish Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 2(2), 276-288.
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