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Van Kedilerinde Manyetik Rezonans Görüntüleme Kullanılarak Normal Diz Ekleminin Anatomisi

Year 2023, Volume: 34 Issue: 1, 70 - 74, 19.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.1238142

Abstract

Bu çalışma, kendine has eşsiz fiziksel özellikleriyle dikkat çeken ve Van yöresinde yaşayan Van kedilerinde, manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRI) kullanılarak diz eklemindeki kemiksel ve yumuşak anatomik yapıların morfolojik özelliklerini analiz etmek amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışmada 16 adet (8 erkek, 8 dişi) erişkin sağlıklı Van kedisi kullanıldı. Kediler, xylazine-ketamine kombinasyonunun intramuskuler olarak uygulanmasıyla anesteziye alındı. Anestezi alındaki Van kedileri, dorsal rekümbent pozisyonunda yatırılarak diz eklemi bölgesi MRI cihazı (Siemens Symphony 1,5 Tesla Magnetom) ile tarandı. MRI cihazından elde edilen Proton dansite (PD) ağırlıklı yağ baskılı (Fs: Fat-suppressed) sagittal, T1 ağırlıklı sagittal ve T2 ağırlıklı coronal data sekansları görüntü analizi için kullanıldı. Genel olarak, MRI incelendiğinde Van kedilerinde diz eklemine ait anatomik yapıların evcil kedilerle uyumlu olduğu görüldü. MRI’da collateral ligamentler sadece T2 ağırlıklı coronal görüntülerde gözlemlenirken, çapraz bağlar ise, T1 ağırlıklı sagittal ve T2 ağırlıklı coronal görüntülerde rahatlıkla görüldü. Bununla birlikte, T-1 ağırlıklı sagittal görüntülerde infrapatellar yağ yastığı ile birlikte yağ içeren diğer dokuların parlak beyaz göründüğü tespit edildi. Proton dansite ağırlıklı yağ baskılı sagittal görüntülerde ise yağ içeren dokuların izointens şeklinde görünüm verdiği gözlendi. Sonuç olarak, Van kedilerinde MRI kullanılarak diz eklemindeki anatomik yapılar morfolojik özellikleri bakımından analiz edildi. Çalışmanın Van kedilerinde diz eklemi ile ilgili manyetik rezonans görüntülerinin değerlendirilmesinde klinik uygulama alanlarında veteriner hekimlere faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Supporting Institution

Bu araştırma Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü tarafından “TYL-2021-9381” nolu proje olarak desteklenmiştir.

Project Number

TYL-2021-9381

Thanks

Bu çalışmaya maddi destek veren Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü’ne ve Van kedilerinin temini konusunda desteğini esirgemeyen Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Van Kedisi Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi Müdürlüğü’ne teşekkür ederiz.

References

  • Abumandour MMA, Bassuoni NF, El-Gendy S, Karkoura, A, El-Bakary R (2020). Cross-anatomical, radiographic and computed tomographic study of the stifle joint of donkeys (Equus africanus asinus). Anat Histol Embryol, 49 (3), 402-416.
  • Akkoyun Sert Ö (2009). Yeni Zelanda Tavşanlarında Diz Ekleminin Diseksiyon, Bilgisayarlı Tomografi ve Manyetik Rezonans Görüntülerinden Üç Boyutlu Verilerinin Elde Edilmesi. Doktora tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya, Türkiye.
  • Al Mohamad ZA (2022). Magnetic resonance imaging of the dromedary camel stifle. J Camel Pract Res, 29 (2), 197-202.
  • Aracı N, Arıcan M (2019). Comparison on diagnostic results of clinical, radiological and computed tomography of stifle joint in dogs. Eurasian J Vet Sci, 35 (1), 29-36.
  • Arencibia A, Encinoso M, Jáber JR et al. (2015). Magnetic resonance imaging study in a normal Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris) stifle joint. BMC Vet Res, 11, 192.
  • Baird DK, Hathlock JT, Rumph PF, Kincaid SA, Visco DM (1998).Low-field magnetic resonance imaging of the canine stifle joint: normal anatomy. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 39 (2), 87-97.
  • Banfield CM, Morrison WB (2000). Magnetic resonance arthrography of the canine stifle joint technique and applications in eleven military dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 41 (3), 200-213.
  • Blond L, Thrall DE, Roe SC, Chailleux N, Robertson ID (2008). Diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging for meniscal tears in dogs affected with naturally occuring cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 49 (5), 425-431.
  • Carpenter DH, Cooper RC (2000). Mini review of canine stifle joint anatomy. Anat Histol Embryol, 29 (6), 321-329.
  • Daglish J, Frisbie DD, Selberg KT, Barrett MF (2018). High field magnetic resonance imaging is comparable with gross anatomy for description of the normal appearance of soft tissues in the equine stifle. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 59 (6), 721-736.
  • Demircioğlu İ, Kirbaş Doğan G, Aksünger Karaavci F, Gürbüz İ, Demiraslan Y (2020). Three-dimensional modelling and morphometric investigation of computed tomography images of brown bear's (Ursus arctos) ossa cruris (Zeugopodium). Folia Morphol, 79 (4), 811-816.
  • Dursun S (2021). Van Kedilerinde Articulatio Genus’un Bilgisayarlı Tomografi ve Manyetik Rezonans Görüntüleme ile Morfolojik Olarak İncelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Van, Türkiye.
  • Dyce KM, Sack WO, Wensing CJG (2010). Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy. 4th Edition. Saunders Elsevier Inc, Missouri, United States.
  • El-bably SH, Noor NA (2017). Anatomical, radiological and magnetic resonance imaging on the normal stifle joint in red fox (Vulpes vulpes). Int J Approx Reason, 5 (4.3), 4760-4769.
  • Fathi N, El-Bakary R, Karkoura A, El-Gendy S, Abumadour M (2016). Advanced morphological and radiological studies on the stifle joint of Egyptian Baladi goat (Capra hircus). Alex J Vet Sci, 51 (2), 199-210.
  • Freire M, Brown J, Robertson ID et al. (2010). Meniscal mineralization in domestic cats. Vet Surg, 39 (5), 545-552.
  • Hefiny A, Abdalla KEH, Abdel Rahman YA, Aly K, Elhanbaly RA (2012). Anatomical studies on the femorotibial joint in buffalo. J Basic Appl Sci Res, 2 (11), 10930-10944.
  • Holcombe SJ, Bertone AL, Biller DS, Haider V (1995). Magnetic resonance imaging of the equine stifle. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 36 (2), 119-125.
  • Marino DC, Loughin CA (2010). Diagnostic imaging of the canine stifle a review. Vet Surg, 39 (3), 284-295.
  • Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria (2017). Prepared by the International Committes on Veterinary Gross Anatomical Nomenclature and Authorized by the General Assambly of the World Association of Veterinary Anatomists. 6th Edition. The Editorial Committee Hanover (Germany), Ghent (Belgium), Columbia, MO (U.S.A.), Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).
  • Podadera J, Gavin P, Saveraid T et al. (2014). Effects of stifle flexion angle and scan plane on visibility of the normal canine cranial cruciate ligament using low-field magnetic resonance imaging. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 55 (4), 407-413.
  • Pownder SL, Hayashi K, Caserto BG et al. (2018). Magnetic resonance imaging T2 values of stifle articular cartilage in normal beagles. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol, 31 (2), 108-113.
  • Pujol E, Van Bree H, Cauzinille L et al. (2011). Anatomic study of the canine stifle using low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MRI arthrography. Vet Surg, 40 (4), 395-401.
  • Rahal SC, Fillipi MG, Mamprim MJ et al. (2013). Meniscal mineralisation in little spotted cats. BMC Vet Res, 9, 50.
  • Samii VF, Dyce J, Pozzi A et al. (2009). Computed tomographic arthrography of the stifle for detection of cranial and caudal cruciate ligament and meniscal tears in dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 50 (2), 144-150.
  • Shigue DA, Rahal SC, Schimming BC et al. (2015). Evaluation of the marsh deer stifle joint by imaging studies and gross anatomy. Anat Histol Embryol, 44 (6), 468-474.
  • Shreif MS, Attia M, Bahgaat H, Kassab A (2014). Magnetic resonance imaging of the normal stifle joint in buffaloes (bosbubalis): an anatomic study. Open Anat J, 6, 27-35.
  • Soler M, Murciano J, Latorre R et al. (2007). Ultrasonographic, computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging anatomy of the normal canine stifle joint. Vet J, 174 (2), 351-361.
  • Van der Vekens E, de Bakker E, Bogaerts E et al. (2019). High-frequency ultrasound, computed tomography and computed tomography arthrography of the cranial cruciate ligament, menisci and cranial meniscotibial ligaments in 10 radiographically normal canine cadaver stifles. BMC Vet Res, 15 (1), 146.
  • Vandeweerd JM, Kirschvink N, Muylkens B et al. (2013). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) anatomy of the ovine stifle. Vet Surg, 42 (5), 551-558.
  • Walker M, Phalan D, Jensen J et al. (2002). Meniscal ossicles in large non-domestic cat. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 43 (3), 249-254.
  • Waselau M, McKnight A, Kasparek A (2020). Magnetic resonance imaging of equine stifles: Technique and observations in 76 clinical cases. Equine Vet Educ, 32 (S10), 85-91.
  • Yılmaz O, Soygüder Z, Yavuz A (2020). Van kedilerinde clavicula ve scapula’nın bilgisayarlı tomografi görüntülerinin üç boyutlu olarak incelenmesi. Van Vet J, 31 (1), 34-41.
  • Yılmaz O (2018). Van Kedilerinde Ön Bacak İskeletinin Bilgisayarlı Tomografi ile Üç Boyutlu Olarak İncelenmesi. Doktora Tezi, Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Van, Türkiye.

Anatomy of The Normal Stifle Joint Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Van Cats

Year 2023, Volume: 34 Issue: 1, 70 - 74, 19.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.1238142

Abstract

Van cats attract attention with their unique physical features and live in the Van region. This study was performed to analyze the morphological features of the bony and soft anatomical structures in the stifle joint by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in Van cats. In the study, 16 (8 male, 8 female) adult healthy Van cats were used. Cats were anesthetized by intramuscular administration of xylazine-ketamine combination. Anesthetized Van cats were placed in the dorsal recumbent position and the stifle joint region was scanned with an MRI device (Siemens Symphony 1.5 Tesla Magnetom). Proton density (PD) weighted fat-suppressed (Fs: Fat-suppressed) sagittal, T1-weighted sagittal, and T2-weighted coronal data sequences obtained from the MRI device were used for image analysis. In general, when MRI was examined, the anatomical structures of the stifle joint in Van cats were detected to be compatible with domestic cats. In MRI, the collateral ligaments were observed only on T2-weighted coronal images, while the cruciate ligaments were easily seen on T1-weighted sagittal and T2-weighted coronal images. However, infrapatellar fat pad and other fat-containing tissues appeared bright white on T1-weighted sagittal images. Proton density weighted fat-suppressed sagittal images showed isointense appearance of fat-containing tissues. As a result, anatomical structures in the stifle joint were analyzed in terms of morphological features in Van cats using MRI. It is thought that the study will be beneficial to veterinarians in clinical practice areas in the evaluation of magnetic resonance images of the stifle joint in Van cats.

Project Number

TYL-2021-9381

References

  • Abumandour MMA, Bassuoni NF, El-Gendy S, Karkoura, A, El-Bakary R (2020). Cross-anatomical, radiographic and computed tomographic study of the stifle joint of donkeys (Equus africanus asinus). Anat Histol Embryol, 49 (3), 402-416.
  • Akkoyun Sert Ö (2009). Yeni Zelanda Tavşanlarında Diz Ekleminin Diseksiyon, Bilgisayarlı Tomografi ve Manyetik Rezonans Görüntülerinden Üç Boyutlu Verilerinin Elde Edilmesi. Doktora tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya, Türkiye.
  • Al Mohamad ZA (2022). Magnetic resonance imaging of the dromedary camel stifle. J Camel Pract Res, 29 (2), 197-202.
  • Aracı N, Arıcan M (2019). Comparison on diagnostic results of clinical, radiological and computed tomography of stifle joint in dogs. Eurasian J Vet Sci, 35 (1), 29-36.
  • Arencibia A, Encinoso M, Jáber JR et al. (2015). Magnetic resonance imaging study in a normal Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris) stifle joint. BMC Vet Res, 11, 192.
  • Baird DK, Hathlock JT, Rumph PF, Kincaid SA, Visco DM (1998).Low-field magnetic resonance imaging of the canine stifle joint: normal anatomy. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 39 (2), 87-97.
  • Banfield CM, Morrison WB (2000). Magnetic resonance arthrography of the canine stifle joint technique and applications in eleven military dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 41 (3), 200-213.
  • Blond L, Thrall DE, Roe SC, Chailleux N, Robertson ID (2008). Diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging for meniscal tears in dogs affected with naturally occuring cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 49 (5), 425-431.
  • Carpenter DH, Cooper RC (2000). Mini review of canine stifle joint anatomy. Anat Histol Embryol, 29 (6), 321-329.
  • Daglish J, Frisbie DD, Selberg KT, Barrett MF (2018). High field magnetic resonance imaging is comparable with gross anatomy for description of the normal appearance of soft tissues in the equine stifle. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 59 (6), 721-736.
  • Demircioğlu İ, Kirbaş Doğan G, Aksünger Karaavci F, Gürbüz İ, Demiraslan Y (2020). Three-dimensional modelling and morphometric investigation of computed tomography images of brown bear's (Ursus arctos) ossa cruris (Zeugopodium). Folia Morphol, 79 (4), 811-816.
  • Dursun S (2021). Van Kedilerinde Articulatio Genus’un Bilgisayarlı Tomografi ve Manyetik Rezonans Görüntüleme ile Morfolojik Olarak İncelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Van, Türkiye.
  • Dyce KM, Sack WO, Wensing CJG (2010). Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy. 4th Edition. Saunders Elsevier Inc, Missouri, United States.
  • El-bably SH, Noor NA (2017). Anatomical, radiological and magnetic resonance imaging on the normal stifle joint in red fox (Vulpes vulpes). Int J Approx Reason, 5 (4.3), 4760-4769.
  • Fathi N, El-Bakary R, Karkoura A, El-Gendy S, Abumadour M (2016). Advanced morphological and radiological studies on the stifle joint of Egyptian Baladi goat (Capra hircus). Alex J Vet Sci, 51 (2), 199-210.
  • Freire M, Brown J, Robertson ID et al. (2010). Meniscal mineralization in domestic cats. Vet Surg, 39 (5), 545-552.
  • Hefiny A, Abdalla KEH, Abdel Rahman YA, Aly K, Elhanbaly RA (2012). Anatomical studies on the femorotibial joint in buffalo. J Basic Appl Sci Res, 2 (11), 10930-10944.
  • Holcombe SJ, Bertone AL, Biller DS, Haider V (1995). Magnetic resonance imaging of the equine stifle. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 36 (2), 119-125.
  • Marino DC, Loughin CA (2010). Diagnostic imaging of the canine stifle a review. Vet Surg, 39 (3), 284-295.
  • Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria (2017). Prepared by the International Committes on Veterinary Gross Anatomical Nomenclature and Authorized by the General Assambly of the World Association of Veterinary Anatomists. 6th Edition. The Editorial Committee Hanover (Germany), Ghent (Belgium), Columbia, MO (U.S.A.), Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).
  • Podadera J, Gavin P, Saveraid T et al. (2014). Effects of stifle flexion angle and scan plane on visibility of the normal canine cranial cruciate ligament using low-field magnetic resonance imaging. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 55 (4), 407-413.
  • Pownder SL, Hayashi K, Caserto BG et al. (2018). Magnetic resonance imaging T2 values of stifle articular cartilage in normal beagles. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol, 31 (2), 108-113.
  • Pujol E, Van Bree H, Cauzinille L et al. (2011). Anatomic study of the canine stifle using low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MRI arthrography. Vet Surg, 40 (4), 395-401.
  • Rahal SC, Fillipi MG, Mamprim MJ et al. (2013). Meniscal mineralisation in little spotted cats. BMC Vet Res, 9, 50.
  • Samii VF, Dyce J, Pozzi A et al. (2009). Computed tomographic arthrography of the stifle for detection of cranial and caudal cruciate ligament and meniscal tears in dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 50 (2), 144-150.
  • Shigue DA, Rahal SC, Schimming BC et al. (2015). Evaluation of the marsh deer stifle joint by imaging studies and gross anatomy. Anat Histol Embryol, 44 (6), 468-474.
  • Shreif MS, Attia M, Bahgaat H, Kassab A (2014). Magnetic resonance imaging of the normal stifle joint in buffaloes (bosbubalis): an anatomic study. Open Anat J, 6, 27-35.
  • Soler M, Murciano J, Latorre R et al. (2007). Ultrasonographic, computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging anatomy of the normal canine stifle joint. Vet J, 174 (2), 351-361.
  • Van der Vekens E, de Bakker E, Bogaerts E et al. (2019). High-frequency ultrasound, computed tomography and computed tomography arthrography of the cranial cruciate ligament, menisci and cranial meniscotibial ligaments in 10 radiographically normal canine cadaver stifles. BMC Vet Res, 15 (1), 146.
  • Vandeweerd JM, Kirschvink N, Muylkens B et al. (2013). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) anatomy of the ovine stifle. Vet Surg, 42 (5), 551-558.
  • Walker M, Phalan D, Jensen J et al. (2002). Meniscal ossicles in large non-domestic cat. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 43 (3), 249-254.
  • Waselau M, McKnight A, Kasparek A (2020). Magnetic resonance imaging of equine stifles: Technique and observations in 76 clinical cases. Equine Vet Educ, 32 (S10), 85-91.
  • Yılmaz O, Soygüder Z, Yavuz A (2020). Van kedilerinde clavicula ve scapula’nın bilgisayarlı tomografi görüntülerinin üç boyutlu olarak incelenmesi. Van Vet J, 31 (1), 34-41.
  • Yılmaz O (2018). Van Kedilerinde Ön Bacak İskeletinin Bilgisayarlı Tomografi ile Üç Boyutlu Olarak İncelenmesi. Doktora Tezi, Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Van, Türkiye.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Veterinary Surgery
Journal Section Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors

Süleyman Dursun This is me 0000-0002-6850-725X

Osman Yılmaz 0000-0003-2013-9213

Project Number TYL-2021-9381
Early Pub Date March 17, 2023
Publication Date March 19, 2023
Submission Date January 17, 2023
Acceptance Date February 14, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 34 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Dursun, S., & Yılmaz, O. (2023). Van Kedilerinde Manyetik Rezonans Görüntüleme Kullanılarak Normal Diz Ekleminin Anatomisi. Van Veterinary Journal, 34(1), 70-74. https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.1238142
AMA Dursun S, Yılmaz O. Van Kedilerinde Manyetik Rezonans Görüntüleme Kullanılarak Normal Diz Ekleminin Anatomisi. Van Vet J. March 2023;34(1):70-74. doi:10.36483/vanvetj.1238142
Chicago Dursun, Süleyman, and Osman Yılmaz. “Van Kedilerinde Manyetik Rezonans Görüntüleme Kullanılarak Normal Diz Ekleminin Anatomisi”. Van Veterinary Journal 34, no. 1 (March 2023): 70-74. https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.1238142.
EndNote Dursun S, Yılmaz O (March 1, 2023) Van Kedilerinde Manyetik Rezonans Görüntüleme Kullanılarak Normal Diz Ekleminin Anatomisi. Van Veterinary Journal 34 1 70–74.
IEEE S. Dursun and O. Yılmaz, “Van Kedilerinde Manyetik Rezonans Görüntüleme Kullanılarak Normal Diz Ekleminin Anatomisi”, Van Vet J, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 70–74, 2023, doi: 10.36483/vanvetj.1238142.
ISNAD Dursun, Süleyman - Yılmaz, Osman. “Van Kedilerinde Manyetik Rezonans Görüntüleme Kullanılarak Normal Diz Ekleminin Anatomisi”. Van Veterinary Journal 34/1 (March 2023), 70-74. https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.1238142.
JAMA Dursun S, Yılmaz O. Van Kedilerinde Manyetik Rezonans Görüntüleme Kullanılarak Normal Diz Ekleminin Anatomisi. Van Vet J. 2023;34:70–74.
MLA Dursun, Süleyman and Osman Yılmaz. “Van Kedilerinde Manyetik Rezonans Görüntüleme Kullanılarak Normal Diz Ekleminin Anatomisi”. Van Veterinary Journal, vol. 34, no. 1, 2023, pp. 70-74, doi:10.36483/vanvetj.1238142.
Vancouver Dursun S, Yılmaz O. Van Kedilerinde Manyetik Rezonans Görüntüleme Kullanılarak Normal Diz Ekleminin Anatomisi. Van Vet J. 2023;34(1):70-4.

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