Abstract
In this study, a case of Corynebacterium spp. and Arcanobacterium spp. infection is presented from a poultry farm in Tekirdağ city. Necropsy was performed on a chicken brought to Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University Veterinary Faculty Microbiology Department Laboratory with complaints of unilateral severe keratoconjunctivitis, facial oedema and respiratory distress. The pus from the eye of the chicken and other necropsy materials (lung, heart, liver, spleen) were inoculated into appropriate media. Routine biochemical tests were performed to isolate and identify the growing bacteria. In necropsy macroscopic examination, a slight enlargement of the heart was observed with congested areas and multifocal colour changes in the lung, in which the eye was completely closed and filled with pus. While bacterial growth was observed on Columbia agar (5% sheep blood) and Tryptic Soy agar, no growth was observed on Mac Conkey and Eosin Methylene Blue agar from inoculated samples. There was no bacterial growth in the liver and spleen samples. The Gram-positive rods and cocobacilli were detected with Gram staining. As a result of biochemical tests; Corynebacterium spp. and Arcanobacterium spp. from the lung sample, and Corynebacterium spp. from the pus sample of the eye were isolated and identified. These isolations were found to be significant in terms of potential disease risk for poultry species.
References
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- 2. Aydın N., Paracıkoğlu J.,editör. Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji (Bakteriyel Hastalıklar), İlke-Emek Yayınları, 2006.
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- 4. Quinn, PJ, Carter ME, Markey BK, Carter GR. Clinical Veterinary Microbiology, Mosby; 1999.
- 5. Zhu C, Song W, Tao Z, Liu H, Zhang S, Xu W et al. Analysis of microbial diversity and composition in small intestine during different development times in ducks. Poult Sci 2020; 99: 1096-1106.
- 6. Wen C, Yan W, Mai C, Duan Z, Zheng J, Sun C et al. Joint contributions of the gut microbiota and host genetics to feed efficiency in chickens. Microbiome 2021; 9:126.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01040-x
- 7. Krumbeck JA, Turner DD, Diesel A, Hoffmann AR, Heatley JJ. Skin microbiota of quaker parrots (Myiopsitta monachus) with normal feathering or feather loss via next-generation sequencing technology. J Exot Pet Med 2022; 42: 26-34.
- 8. Wolf ED, Amass K, Olsen J. Survey of conjunctival flora in the eye of clinically normal, captive exotic birds. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1983; 183: 1232-1234,
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- 11. Swinger RL, Langan JN, Hamor R. Ocular bacterial flora, tear production, and intraocular pressure in a captive flock of humboldt penguins (Spheniscus humboldti). J Zoo Wildl Med 2009; 40, 430-436.
- 12. Nardi S, Leoni FP, Monticelli V, Ebani VV, Bertelloni F, Marzoni M et al. Tear Production, Intraocular Pressure, Ultrasound Biometric Features and Conjunctival Flora Identification in Clinically Normal Eyes of Two Italian Breeds of Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus). Animals 2021; 11: 2987. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11102987
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- 15. Liu Q, Fan G, Wu K, Bai X, Yang X, Song W et al. Description of Corynebacterium poyangense sp. nov., isolated from the feces of the greater white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons). J Microbiol 2022; 60(7): 668-677.
- 16. Shivaprasad HL, Kim T, Tripathy D, Woolcock PR, Uzal F. Unusual pathology of canary poxvirus infection associated with high mortality in young and adult breeder canaries (Serinus canaria), Avian Pathol 2009; 38(4): 311-316.
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- 18. Fernández-Garayzábal JF, Vela AI, Egido R, Hutson RA, Lanzarot MP, Fernández-García M et al. Corynebacterium ciconiae sp. nov., isolated from the trachea of black storks (Ciconia nigra). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2004; 54: 2191-2195.
- 19. Fernandez-Garayzabal JF, Egido R, Vela AI, Briones V, Collins MD, Mateos A et al. Isolation of Corynebacterium falsenii and description of Corynebacterium aquilae sp. nov., from eagles. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53: 1135-1138.
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- 22. Braun MS, Wang E, Zimmermann S, Wink M. Corynebacterium heidelbergense sp. nov., Isolated from the preen glands of Egyptian geese (Alopochen aegyptiacus). Syst Appl Microbiol 2018b; 41: 564-569.
- 23. Lynch GL, Scagliotti RH, Hoffman A, Dubielzig RR. Penetrating keratoplasty in a California Brown Pelican. Vet Ophthalmol 2007; 10(4): 254-261.
- 24. Awan MA, Matsumoto M. Heterogeneity of staphylococci and other bacteria isolated from six-week-old broiler chickens. Poult Sci 1998; 77: 944-949.
- 25. Corrales W, Vivo LM, Gutierrez E. Cutaneous abscesses in a flock of caged layers. Report of an outbreak. Revista Avicultura 1988; 32: 15-27.
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, Tekirdağ ilinde bir tavuk çiftliğinde saptanan Corynebacterium ve Arcanobacterium spp. enfeksiyon olgusu sunuldu. Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı Laboratuvarına gözde tek taraflı şiddetli keratokonjunktivitise bağlı kapanma, yüzde ödem ve solunum güçlüğü şikâyetiyle getirilen bir tavuğa nekropsi yapıldı. Tavuğun gözünden alınan irin ve diğer nekropsi materyallerinden (akciğer, kalp, karaciğer,dalak) uygun besi yerlerine ekimler yapıldı. İzole edilen bakterilerin identifikasyonu amacıyla rutin biyokimyasal testler uygulandı. Nekropsi makrsoskobik incelemede; gözün tamamen kapandığı ve içerisinin irinle dolu olduğu, akciğerde konjeste alanlar ve multifokal renk değişimleri ile kalpte hafif bir büyüme gözlendi. Materyallerden yapılan ekimlerde Columbia agar (%5 koyun kanlı) ve Tryptic Soy agarda üreme olurken, Mac Conkey ve Eosin Methylene Blue agarda üreme görülmedi. Karaciğer ve dalaktan yapılan ekimlerde üreme olmadı. Gram boyamada Gram pozitif çomaklar ve kokobasiller tespit edildi. Biyokimyasal testlerle; gözden alınan irinden Corynebacterium spp., akciğerden alınan örnekten Arcanobacterium spp. ve kalpten alınan örnekten Corynebacterium spp. izole ve identifiye edildi. İzole edilen bu etkenler kanatlı hayvan türleri için potansiyel hastalık riski oluşturması açısından kayda değer bulundu.
References
- 1. İzgür M, Akan M, editör. Kanatlı Hayvan Hastalıkları, 1.Baskı, Medisan Yayınevi, 2002.
- 2. Aydın N., Paracıkoğlu J.,editör. Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji (Bakteriyel Hastalıklar), İlke-Emek Yayınları, 2006.
- 3. Arda M, Temel Mikrobiyoloji, 5. Baskı, Medisan Yayınevi, 2015.
- 4. Quinn, PJ, Carter ME, Markey BK, Carter GR. Clinical Veterinary Microbiology, Mosby; 1999.
- 5. Zhu C, Song W, Tao Z, Liu H, Zhang S, Xu W et al. Analysis of microbial diversity and composition in small intestine during different development times in ducks. Poult Sci 2020; 99: 1096-1106.
- 6. Wen C, Yan W, Mai C, Duan Z, Zheng J, Sun C et al. Joint contributions of the gut microbiota and host genetics to feed efficiency in chickens. Microbiome 2021; 9:126.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01040-x
- 7. Krumbeck JA, Turner DD, Diesel A, Hoffmann AR, Heatley JJ. Skin microbiota of quaker parrots (Myiopsitta monachus) with normal feathering or feather loss via next-generation sequencing technology. J Exot Pet Med 2022; 42: 26-34.
- 8. Wolf ED, Amass K, Olsen J. Survey of conjunctival flora in the eye of clinically normal, captive exotic birds. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1983; 183: 1232-1234,
- 9. Dupont C, Carrier M, Higgins R. Bacterial and fungal flora in healthy eyes of birds of prey. Can Vet J 1994; 34: 699-701.
- 10. Miller PE, Langenberg JA, Hartmann FA. The normal conjunctival aerobic bacterial flora of three species of captive cranes. J Zoo Wildl Med 1995; 26(4): 545-549.
- 11. Swinger RL, Langan JN, Hamor R. Ocular bacterial flora, tear production, and intraocular pressure in a captive flock of humboldt penguins (Spheniscus humboldti). J Zoo Wildl Med 2009; 40, 430-436.
- 12. Nardi S, Leoni FP, Monticelli V, Ebani VV, Bertelloni F, Marzoni M et al. Tear Production, Intraocular Pressure, Ultrasound Biometric Features and Conjunctival Flora Identification in Clinically Normal Eyes of Two Italian Breeds of Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus). Animals 2021; 11: 2987. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11102987
- 13. Gyles CL, Prescott JF, Songer G, Thoen CO, editors. Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infections in Animals. 4th ed. Blackwell Publishing; 2010.
- 14. Bayram LÇ, Abay S, Satıcıoğlu İB, Güvenç T, Ekebaş G, Aydın F. The ocular pyogranulomatous lesion in a Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) from the Antarctic Peninsula: evaluation of microbiological and histopathological analysis outcomes. Vet Res Com 2021; 45: 143-158.
- 15. Liu Q, Fan G, Wu K, Bai X, Yang X, Song W et al. Description of Corynebacterium poyangense sp. nov., isolated from the feces of the greater white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons). J Microbiol 2022; 60(7): 668-677.
- 16. Shivaprasad HL, Kim T, Tripathy D, Woolcock PR, Uzal F. Unusual pathology of canary poxvirus infection associated with high mortality in young and adult breeder canaries (Serinus canaria), Avian Pathol 2009; 38(4): 311-316.
- 17. Goyache J, Ballesteros C, Vela AI, Collins MD, Briones V, Hutson RA et al. Corynebacterium sphenisci sp. nov., isolated from wild penguins. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53: 1009-1012.
- 18. Fernández-Garayzábal JF, Vela AI, Egido R, Hutson RA, Lanzarot MP, Fernández-García M et al. Corynebacterium ciconiae sp. nov., isolated from the trachea of black storks (Ciconia nigra). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2004; 54: 2191-2195.
- 19. Fernandez-Garayzabal JF, Egido R, Vela AI, Briones V, Collins MD, Mateos A et al. Isolation of Corynebacterium falsenii and description of Corynebacterium aquilae sp. nov., from eagles. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53: 1135-1138.
- 20. Whittaker DJ, Theis KR. Bacterial communities associated with junco preen glands: preliminary ramifications for chemical signaling. In: Schulte BA, Goodwin TE, Ferkin MH., editors. Chemical Signals in Vertebrates 13, Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 105–117.
- 21. Braun MS, Wang E, Zimmermann S, Boutin S, Wink M. Kocuria uropygioeca sp. nov. and Kocuria uropygialis sp. nov., isolated from the preen glands of great spotted woodpeckers (Dendrocopos major). Syst Appl Microbiol 2018a; 41(1): 38-43.
- 22. Braun MS, Wang E, Zimmermann S, Wink M. Corynebacterium heidelbergense sp. nov., Isolated from the preen glands of Egyptian geese (Alopochen aegyptiacus). Syst Appl Microbiol 2018b; 41: 564-569.
- 23. Lynch GL, Scagliotti RH, Hoffman A, Dubielzig RR. Penetrating keratoplasty in a California Brown Pelican. Vet Ophthalmol 2007; 10(4): 254-261.
- 24. Awan MA, Matsumoto M. Heterogeneity of staphylococci and other bacteria isolated from six-week-old broiler chickens. Poult Sci 1998; 77: 944-949.
- 25. Corrales W, Vivo LM, Gutierrez E. Cutaneous abscesses in a flock of caged layers. Report of an outbreak. Revista Avicultura 1988; 32: 15-27.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery, Veterinary Microbiology |
| Journal Section | CASE REPORT |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | June 14, 2023 |
| Publication Date | June 15, 2023 |
| Submission Date | February 17, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | May 25, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 94 Issue: 2 |
Veteriner Hekimler Derneği Dergisi (Journal of Turkish Veterinary Medical Society) is an open access publication, and the journal’s publication model is based on Budapest Access Initiative (BOAI) declaration. All published content is licensed under a Creative Commons CC BY-NC 4.0 license, available online and free of charge. Authors retain the copyright of their published work in Veteriner Hekimler Derneği Dergisi (Journal of Turkish Veterinary Medical Society).
Veteriner Hekimler Derneği / Turkish Veterinary Medical Society