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Nükleik asit temelli moleküler yöntemler: Köpeklerde genetik markerlar

Year 2024, Volume: 95 Issue: 1, 83 - 95, 15.01.2024
https://doi.org/10.33188/vetheder.1375103

Abstract

Dünyada ve Türkiye’de çok sayıda köpek genotipi bulunmaktadır. Bu köpek genotipleri çeşitli amaçlar (av, çoban, bekçi, arama-kurtarma köpeği vb) doğrultusunda yetiştirilmektedir. Geçmişte avcılıkla başlayan köpek ve insan birlikteliği günümüzde birçok alanda devam etmektedir ve ilk evciltilen tür olması muhtemeldir. Köpeklerin kökeni, evrimi ve birbirleri ile olan genetik uzaklıkların belirlenmesinde, köpeklerin bir veya birkaç yerde mi evcilleştirildiğini, evcilleştirildiği zamanı ve yerini tespit etmek, evcil köpekler arasındaki genetik varyasyonu belirlemek için çeşitli yöntemlerden (mitokondrial DNA (mtDNA), mikrosatelit, tek nükleotid polimorfizmi (SNP), kesilmiş parça uzunluk polimorfizmi (RFLP) gibi) yararlanılmaktadır. Bu analizlerin çoğu populasyon genetiği esasına dayanmaktadır. Diğer evcil türlerde olduğu gibi, köpeklerin de farklı yer ve zamanlarda evcilleştirilmeleri farklı köpek ırklarının oluşmasına neden olmuştur. Köpek yetiştiriciliğinde değişik birleştirme metodları ve seleksiyon uygulanarak farklı amaçlara uygun köpek ırkları meydana getirilmiştir. Birçok hayvan türünde olduğu gibi köpekler üzerinde de farklı genetik çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Bu amaçla genetik markerlardan (kalça displazisi gibi kalıtsal hastalıkların tespiti, yavru cinsiyetinin belirlenmesi, ikizlik ve freemartinismus olgularının tespiti, genom haritalarının çıkarılması vb) faydalanılmaktadır. Bu derlemede, köpeklerde marker genlerin kullanımı hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.

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Nucleic acid-based molecular methods: Genetic markers in dogs

Year 2024, Volume: 95 Issue: 1, 83 - 95, 15.01.2024
https://doi.org/10.33188/vetheder.1375103

Abstract

There are many dog genotypes in the world and in Turkey. These dog genotypes are bred for various purposes (hunting, herding, guarding, search and rescue dog, etc.). The association of dogs and humans, which started with hunting in the past, continues in many areas today and is likely to be the first domesticated species. Various methods such as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), microsatellite, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), truncated fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) are used to determine the origin, evolution and genetic distance between dogs, to determine whether dogs were domesticated in one or several places, to determine the time and place of domestication, and to determine genetic variation among domestic dogs. Most of these analyses are based on population genetics. As with other domestic species, the domestication of dogs in different places and times has led to the formation of different dog breeds. Different breeding methods and selection have been applied in dog breeding to create dog breeds suitable for different purposes. As in many animal species, different genetic studies are carried out on dogs. For this purpose, genetic markers (detection of hereditary diseases such as hip dysplasia, determination of puppy sex, detection of twinning and freemartinismus cases, genome mapping etc.) are used. In this review, information about the use of marker genes in dogs is given.

References

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  • Atasoy F, Kanlı O. Türk çoban köpeği Kangal. Medisan yayınevi, ISBN:975-7774-55-3, 1. Baskı; 2004.
  • FCI breeds nomenclature Erişim: [https://www.fci.be/en/Presentation-of-our-organisation-4.html] Erişim tarihi: 26.10.2022
  • Tunçay GY. Dogs with their environmental bioethics aspect evolution process. ISBN 978-625-7562-88-1; 2021.
  • Özbeyaz C, Kocakaya A Süt sığırlarında genomik değerlendirme. Lalahan Hayvancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2011; 51(2): 93 - 104.
  • Bayraktar M, Gürses M. Moleküler markerlerin hayvan yetiştiriciliği ve genetiğinde kullanımı. F Ü Sağ Bil Vet Derg 2014; 28 (2): 99-106.
  • Plassais J. Whole genome sequencing has gone to the dogs Nat Commun 2019; 10: 1489.
  • Lindblad TK, Wade CM, Mikkelsen TS, Karlsson EK, Jaffe DB, Kamal M, Clamp M, Chang JL, Kulbokas EJ, Zody MC. Genome sequence, comparative analysis and haplotype structure of the domestic dog. Nature 2005; 438: 803-819.
  • Houbt K, Rigterink A. Genetics of canine behavior (A review). World Journal of Medical Genetics 2014; 4 (3): 46-57.
  • Spady TC, Ostrander EA. Canine behavioral genetics: pointing out the phenotypes and herding up the genes. Perspectives in Human Genetics 2008; 82 (1): 10-18.
  • National Human Genome Research Institue, Genetic Marker. Erişim: [https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Genetic-Marker] Erişim Tarihi: 29.07.2023
  • Çarlı TK. Polymerase chain rection (PCR) ile ilgili sıklıkla karşılaşılan sorular ve yanıtları. Erişim:[ www.protekt.com.tr/dokumanlar/pcr_nedirguneygokcelik.doc] Erişim Tarihi:14.04.2016
  • Arda N, Temizkan G. Moleküler biyolojide kullanılan yöntemlere genel bakış. Nobel Tıp Kitabevi, 2.Baskı; 2021.
  • Aras ES. Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu Ders Notları Erişim: [http://atlasbiyo.com] Erişim Tarihi: 30.07.2023.
  • Williams JGK, Kubelik AR, Livak KJ, Rafalski JA, Tingey SV. DNA polimorphism amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers, Nucleic Acids Research 1990; 18: 6531-6535.
  • Welsh J, McClelland M. Fingerprinting genomes using PCR with arbitrary primers. Nucleic Acids Research 1990; 18: 7213-7218.
  • Caetano Anolles G, Bassam BJ, Gresshoff PM. High resolution DNA amplification fingerprinting using very short arbtrary oligonucleotide primer. Biotechnology 1991; 9: 553-557.
  • Özaydın S. RAPD (rastgele arttırılmış polimofik DNA) belirleyicileri ve bitki sistematiği. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 2004; 6.
  • Kumar A. PCR–based randomly amplified polymorphic DNA used for molecular characterization and detection of genetic diversity in sheep breeds. The Pharma Innovation Journal 2021; 10 (3): 18-21.
  • Ali AB, Ahmed MMM, Aly OM. Relationship between genetic similarity and some productive traits in local chicken strains. African Journal of Biotechnology 2003; 2 (2): 46-47.
  • Binbaş P, Cemal İ. Koruma altındaki Çine Çaparı koyunlarda genetik çeşitlilik. Journal of Adnan Menderes University Agricultural Faculty 2016; 13 (1): 71-78.
  • Elmacı C, Öner Y, Öziş S, Tuncel E. RAPD analysis of DNA polymorphism in Turkish sheep breeds. Biochemical Genetics 2007; 45: 691-696.
  • Kumar M. Analogy of ISSR and RAPD markers for comparative analysis of genetic diversity among different Jatropha curcas genotypes. African Journal of Biotechnology 2008; 7 (23).
  • Bhattacharya K, Kumar S, Joshi D, Kumar P. Estimation of inbreeding in cattle using RAPD markers. Journal of Dairy Research 2003; 70: 127-129.
  • National Human Genome Research Institue, Polymeras Chain Reaction. Erişim: [https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Polymerase-Chain-Reaction] Erişim Tarihi: 30.07.2023.
  • Botstein D, White RL, Skolnick M, Davis RW. Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Am J Hum Genet 1980; 32 (3): 314-331.
  • Rao A, Bhat VK, Totey SM. Detection of species-specific genetic markers in farm animals through Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) genetic analysis. Biomolecular Engineering 1996; 13 (5): 135-138.
  • Ahmed MMM. Species identification in meat origin farm animals through DNA technology. biotechnology in animal husbandry. 2005; 21 (1-2): 13-15.
  • Stres B. The first decade of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) in microbial ecology. Acta Agriculturae Slovenica 2006; 88: 65-73.
  • Griffiths JFA. Mitochondrial inheritance in filamentous fungi. Journal of Genetics 1996; 75: 403-414.
  • Cemal İ, Karaca O, Davis GM, Galloway SM, Yılmaz O. Molecular genetic testing of Karya sheep for booroola and inverdale mutations. In International Scientific Conference, Challenges of the Balkan Animal Industry and the Role of Science and Cooperation (BALNIMALCON) 2009; 108-111.
  • Yılmaz O, Cemal I, Karaca O, Sevim S, Öztürk M, Ata N. Calpastatin gene polymorphism in Turkish sheep breeds. International Scientific Conference (BALNIMALCON): Challenges of the Balkan Animal Industry and the Role of Science and Cooperation, 2013.
  • Yılmaz O, Cemal I, Karaca O. Genetic diversity in nine native Turkish sheep breeds based on microsatellite analysis. Animal Genetics 2014; 45 (4): 604-8.
  • Yılmaz O, Sezenler T, Ata N, Yaman Y, Cemal I, Karaca O. Polymorphism of the ovine calpastatin gene in some Turkish sheep breeds. Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences 2014; 38 (4): 354-7.
  • Solak M, Bağcı H, Şengil AZ, Öztaş S. Moleküler genetik ve rekombinant DNA teknolojisi (temel ilkeler). Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Eğitim, Sağlık ve Bilimsel Araştırmalar Vakfı Yayınları No: 5, Ankara, 2000.
  • Vos P., Hogers R, Bleeker M, Reijans M, Lee T, Hornes M, Friters A, Pot J, Paleman J, Kuiper M, Zabeau M. AFLP: A new technique for DNA fingerprinting. Nucleic Acids Research 1995; 23 (21): 4407-4414.
  • Malik MH. AFLP based breed marker present a decree for Pakistani Sahiwal cattle breed identification. Pakistan J Zool 2022; 1-9.
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There are 89 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Animal Science, Genetics and Biostatistics
Journal Section INVITED PAPER / REVIEW
Authors

Zafer Şafak 0009-0004-8803-8261

Murat Sağlam This is me 0000-0002-5630-7736

Banu Yüceer Özkul 0000-0002-7036-6230

Early Pub Date January 12, 2024
Publication Date January 15, 2024
Submission Date October 13, 2023
Acceptance Date January 2, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 95 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Şafak Z, Sağlam M, Yüceer Özkul B. Nükleik asit temelli moleküler yöntemler: Köpeklerde genetik markerlar. Vet Hekim Der Derg. 2024;95(1):83-95.

Veteriner Hekimler Derneği Dergisi (Journal of Turkish Veterinary Medical Society) is an open access publication, and the journal’s publication model is based on Budapest Access Initiative (BOAI) declaration. All published content is licensed under a Creative Commons CC BY-NC 4.0 license, available online and free of charge. Authors retain the copyright of their published work in Veteriner Hekimler Derneği Dergisi (Journal of Turkish Veterinary Medical Society). 

Veteriner Hekimler Derneği / Turkish Veterinary Medical Society