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Geriatrik Köpeklerde Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon: Güncel Bakış

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 554 - 561, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.46237/amusbfd.1102151

Öz

Geriatrik ve artritik köpeklerin durumlarına özel rehabilitasyona ihtiyaçları vardır. Yaşlanan köpeklerde ilerleyici hareket kaybıyla bağlantılı olarak fonksiyonel durum kötüleşir. Yaşlanma, çok çeşitli dokularda değişikliklere neden olur. Ayrıca yaşlanan köpeklerde kronik hastalıkların görülme sıklığı ve şiddeti de artmaktadır. Öngörülen yaşam süresinin %75’ine ulaşan hayvanlar geriatrik olarak tanımlanır. Yaşlanma süreci cins, genetik, beslenme, çevre ve diğer faktörlerden etkilenir. Veteriner hekimlikte tıbbi ve cerrahi ilerlemeler nedeniyle köpeklerin yaşam süresi uzamıştır. Bunun bir sonucu olarak, evcil hayvanların sahipleri yaşlılığa bağlı bir dizi sorunla karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Pek çok evcil hayvan ergenlik çağında aktif olsa da, çoğu köpek 6 yaşından itibaren yaşlanma belirtileri göstermeye başlar. Bu durumdaki geriatrik köpekler kapsamlı bir değerlendirmeye ve rehabilitasyona ihtiyaç duyar. Geriatrik ve artritik köpekler, durumlarındaki değişiklikleri tespit edebilmek ve en doğru bakım planını tasarlayabilmek için mutlaka düzenli olarak değerlendirilmelidir. Geriatrik köpeklerde sıklıkla ağrı ve hareket kısıtlılığı görülür, yaşam kalitesi azalır. Ağrı yönetimi kılavuzlarının, multimodal ilaçların, fiziksel rehabilitasyon modalitelerinin ve çevresel düzenlemelerin kullanılması yaşlı köpeğin kaliteli bir yaşam sürmesini sağlar. Yaşlanan köpekler için rehabilitasyon hedefleri, sağlığı desteklemeyi, yaşa bağlı sağlık sorunlarının ilerlemesini yavaşlatmayı ve köpeğin yaşam kalitesini arttırmayı ve -mümkünse- yaşam süresini uzatmayı içerir. Bu çalışmada yaşlanmanın etkileri, yaşlanan köpekte yaygın görülen kas-iskelet sistemi değişiklikleri, yaşam kalitesi, ağrı yönetimi ve artritik köpeğin rehabilitasyon süreci üzerinde durulmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Hoskins, J. D. & McCurnin, D. M. (1997). Geriatric care in the late 1990s. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice, 27(6), 1273–1284. 2. Churchill, J. A. & Eirmann, L. (2021). Senior pet nutrition and management. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice, 51(3), 635–651.
  • 3. Goldston, R. T. & Hoskins J. D. (1995). Geriatrics and gerontology of the dog and cat. Philadelphia: Saunders.
  • 4. Levine, D. & Millis, D. L. (2014). Canine rehabilitation and physical therapy. Elsevier.
  • 5. Marshall, W. G., Hazewinkel, H. A., Mullen, D., De Meyer, G., Baert, K., & Carmichael, S. (2010). The effect of weight loss on lameness in obese dogs with osteoarthritis. Veterinary research communications, 34(3), 241–253.
  • 6. Meeson, R. L., Todhunter, R. J., Blunn, G., Nuki, G., & Pitsillides, A. A. (2019). Spontaneous dog osteoarthritis - a one medicine vision. Nature reviews. Rheumatology, 15(5), 273–287.
  • 7. White, C., & Morrow, L. (2020). Efficacy of meloxicam compared with carprofen for treating canine osteoarthritis. The Veterinary Record, 186(3), 94.
  • 8. Cachon, T., Frykman, O., Innes, J. F., Lascelles, B., Okumura, M., Sousa, P. et al. (2018). Face validity of a proposed tool for staging canine osteoarthritis: Canine OsteoArthritis Staging Tool (COAST). Veterinary Journal (London, England : 1997), 235, 1–8.
  • 9. Dahlberg, J., Fitch, G., Evans, R. B., McClure, S. R. & Conzemius, M. (2005). The evaluation of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in naturally occurring osteoarthritis of the stifle joint in dogs. Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology : V.C.O.T, 18(3), 147–152.
  • 10. Kan, H. S., Chan, P. K., Chiu, K. Y., Yan, C. H., Yeung, S. S., Ng, Y. L. et al. (2019). Non-surgical treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Hong Kong Medical Journal = Xianggang yi xue za zhi, 25(2), 127–133.
  • 11. Khlopas, H., Khlopas, A., Samuel, L. T., Ohliger, E., Sultan, A. A., Chughtai, M. et al. (2019). Current concepts in osteoarthritis of the ankle: Review. Surgical Technology International, 35, 280–294.
  • 12. Primorac, D., Molnar, V., Rod, E., Jeleč, Ž., Čukelj, F., Matišić, V. et al. (2020). Knee osteoarthritis: A review of pathogenesis and state-of-the-art non-operative therapeutic considerations. Genes, 11(8), 854.
  • 13. Arokoski, J., Jurvelin, J., Kiviranta, I., Tammi, M., & Helminen, H. J. (1994). Softening of the lateral condyle articular cartilage in the canine knee joint after long distance (up to 40 km/day) running training lasting one year. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 15(5), 254–260.
  • 14. Hallett, M. B. & Andrish, J. T. (1994). Effects of exercise on articular cartilage, Sports Med Arthrosc Rev., 2(1), 29-37.
  • 15. McKeag D. B. (1992). The relationship of osteoarthritis and exercise. Clinics İn Sports Medicine, 11(2), 471–487.
  • 16. Bender, T., Nagy, G., Barna, I., Tefner, I., Kádas, E., & Géher, P. (2007). The effect of physical therapy on beta-endorphin levels. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 100(4), 371–382.
  • 17. Halbertsma, J. P., van Bolhuis, A. I., & Göeken, L. N. (1996). Sport stretching: effect on passive muscle stiffness of short hamstrings. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 77(7), 688–692.
  • 18. Magnusson S. P. (1998). Passive properties of human skeletal muscle during stretch maneuvers. A review. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 8(2), 65–77.
  • 19. Acevedo, B., Millis, D. L., Levine, D., & Guevara, J. L. (2019). Effect of therapeutic ultrasound on calcaneal tendon heating and extensibility in dogs. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 6, 185. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2019.00185
  • 20. Baltzer W. I. (2020). Rehabilitation of companion animals following orthopaedic surgery. New Zealand Veterinary Journal, 68(3), 157–167.
  • 21. Marcellin-Little, D. J., & Levine, D. (2015). Principles and application of range of motion and stretching in companion animals. The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice, 45(1), 57–72.
  • 22. Dycus, D. L., Levine, D., & Marcellin-Little, D. J. (2017). Physical rehabilitation for the management of canine hip dysplasia. The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice, 47(4), 823–850.
  • 23. Baird C. L. (2001). First-line treatment for osteoarthritis. Part 2: Nonpharmacologic interventions and evaluation. Orthopedic Nursing, 20(6), 13–20.

Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation for Geriatric Dogs: Current View

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 554 - 561, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.46237/amusbfd.1102151

Öz

Geriatric and arthritic dogs have special rehabilitation needs. In these dogs the functional status worsens because of the progressive loss of movement. Aging triggers changes in a wide variety of tissues. The incidence and severity of chronic diseases increase over time. Animals that reach 75% of the predicted lifespan are defined as geriatric. The aging process is affected by breed, genetics, nutrition, environment, and other factors. The life expectancy of dogs has increased due to medical and surgical advances in veterinary medicine. As a result owners are faced with a number of problems related to old age. While many pets are active during adolescence, most dogs begin to show signs of aging around the age of 6. Geriatric dogs with this condition are candidates for comprehensive evaluation and rehabilitation. Geriatric and arthritic dogs should be evaluated regularly to detect changes in their condition and to design the most accurate treatment plan. Pain and limitations are often seen in geriatric dogs, and their quality of life decreases. The use of pain management guidelines, multimodal medication, physical rehabilitation modalities and environmental changes ensures the dog has a quality life. Rehabilitation goals for aging dogs include promoting health, slowing the onset or progression of age-related health problems, and improving the dog's quality of life—if possible, life expectancy. This study emphasized the effects of aging, common musculoskeletal changes in the aging dog, quality of life, pain management and rehabilitation process of the arthritic dog.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Hoskins, J. D. & McCurnin, D. M. (1997). Geriatric care in the late 1990s. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice, 27(6), 1273–1284. 2. Churchill, J. A. & Eirmann, L. (2021). Senior pet nutrition and management. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice, 51(3), 635–651.
  • 3. Goldston, R. T. & Hoskins J. D. (1995). Geriatrics and gerontology of the dog and cat. Philadelphia: Saunders.
  • 4. Levine, D. & Millis, D. L. (2014). Canine rehabilitation and physical therapy. Elsevier.
  • 5. Marshall, W. G., Hazewinkel, H. A., Mullen, D., De Meyer, G., Baert, K., & Carmichael, S. (2010). The effect of weight loss on lameness in obese dogs with osteoarthritis. Veterinary research communications, 34(3), 241–253.
  • 6. Meeson, R. L., Todhunter, R. J., Blunn, G., Nuki, G., & Pitsillides, A. A. (2019). Spontaneous dog osteoarthritis - a one medicine vision. Nature reviews. Rheumatology, 15(5), 273–287.
  • 7. White, C., & Morrow, L. (2020). Efficacy of meloxicam compared with carprofen for treating canine osteoarthritis. The Veterinary Record, 186(3), 94.
  • 8. Cachon, T., Frykman, O., Innes, J. F., Lascelles, B., Okumura, M., Sousa, P. et al. (2018). Face validity of a proposed tool for staging canine osteoarthritis: Canine OsteoArthritis Staging Tool (COAST). Veterinary Journal (London, England : 1997), 235, 1–8.
  • 9. Dahlberg, J., Fitch, G., Evans, R. B., McClure, S. R. & Conzemius, M. (2005). The evaluation of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in naturally occurring osteoarthritis of the stifle joint in dogs. Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology : V.C.O.T, 18(3), 147–152.
  • 10. Kan, H. S., Chan, P. K., Chiu, K. Y., Yan, C. H., Yeung, S. S., Ng, Y. L. et al. (2019). Non-surgical treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Hong Kong Medical Journal = Xianggang yi xue za zhi, 25(2), 127–133.
  • 11. Khlopas, H., Khlopas, A., Samuel, L. T., Ohliger, E., Sultan, A. A., Chughtai, M. et al. (2019). Current concepts in osteoarthritis of the ankle: Review. Surgical Technology International, 35, 280–294.
  • 12. Primorac, D., Molnar, V., Rod, E., Jeleč, Ž., Čukelj, F., Matišić, V. et al. (2020). Knee osteoarthritis: A review of pathogenesis and state-of-the-art non-operative therapeutic considerations. Genes, 11(8), 854.
  • 13. Arokoski, J., Jurvelin, J., Kiviranta, I., Tammi, M., & Helminen, H. J. (1994). Softening of the lateral condyle articular cartilage in the canine knee joint after long distance (up to 40 km/day) running training lasting one year. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 15(5), 254–260.
  • 14. Hallett, M. B. & Andrish, J. T. (1994). Effects of exercise on articular cartilage, Sports Med Arthrosc Rev., 2(1), 29-37.
  • 15. McKeag D. B. (1992). The relationship of osteoarthritis and exercise. Clinics İn Sports Medicine, 11(2), 471–487.
  • 16. Bender, T., Nagy, G., Barna, I., Tefner, I., Kádas, E., & Géher, P. (2007). The effect of physical therapy on beta-endorphin levels. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 100(4), 371–382.
  • 17. Halbertsma, J. P., van Bolhuis, A. I., & Göeken, L. N. (1996). Sport stretching: effect on passive muscle stiffness of short hamstrings. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 77(7), 688–692.
  • 18. Magnusson S. P. (1998). Passive properties of human skeletal muscle during stretch maneuvers. A review. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 8(2), 65–77.
  • 19. Acevedo, B., Millis, D. L., Levine, D., & Guevara, J. L. (2019). Effect of therapeutic ultrasound on calcaneal tendon heating and extensibility in dogs. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 6, 185. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2019.00185
  • 20. Baltzer W. I. (2020). Rehabilitation of companion animals following orthopaedic surgery. New Zealand Veterinary Journal, 68(3), 157–167.
  • 21. Marcellin-Little, D. J., & Levine, D. (2015). Principles and application of range of motion and stretching in companion animals. The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice, 45(1), 57–72.
  • 22. Dycus, D. L., Levine, D., & Marcellin-Little, D. J. (2017). Physical rehabilitation for the management of canine hip dysplasia. The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice, 47(4), 823–850.
  • 23. Baird C. L. (2001). First-line treatment for osteoarthritis. Part 2: Nonpharmacologic interventions and evaluation. Orthopedic Nursing, 20(6), 13–20.
Toplam 22 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Derleme Makaleler
Yazarlar

Neyran Altınkaya 0000-0003-0323-1536

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Eylül 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Altınkaya, N. (2022). Geriatrik Köpeklerde Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon: Güncel Bakış. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(3), 554-561. https://doi.org/10.46237/amusbfd.1102151