Araştırma Makalesi
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Early Growth in Brown Swiss and Holstein Cattle

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 1 - 7, 26.04.2021

Öz

The study was carried out to determine the effects of race, gender, birth season, lactation order, body condition score (BCS) values of dams before birth, maternal BMD value, milk yields in previous lactation, lactation period and dry period length on growth in Brown Swiss and Holstein calves up to 12 weeks of age. A total of 90 calves born between 04.10.2012 and 31.12.2013 were used for the data of the mother and calves. Brown Swiss calves had higher live weight than Holstein calves from birth to 12 weeks of age. The lowest birth weight was observed in calves born in summer (37.3±2.31 kg). It was determined that the k value calculated with the Gompertz growth model in the period from birth to the age of 12 weeks is successful in explaining the growth. There was no relationship between BCS value of mothers before birth, milk yield, lactation order, dry period length and birth weight and live weights in other periods. It has been concluded that race, sex and parity are effective factors on growth until 12 weeks of age. Considering that the optimum level of early growth may affect the long-term performance of these animals, it will be beneficial to develop feeding programs by determining energy and protein values that are appropriate for at least macro environmental conditions.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Barth K., 2020. Effects of suckling on milk yield and milk composition of dairy cows in cow-calf contact systems. J Dairy Res, 87, 133-137. 2. Miller-Cushon EK., Bergeron R., Leslie KE., DeVries TJ., 2013. Effect of milk feeding level on development of feeding behavior in dairy calves. J Dairy Sci, 96, 551-564. 3. Raeth-Knight M., Chester-Jones H., Hayes S., Linn J., Larson R., Ziegler D., Ziegler B., Broadwater N., 2009. Impact of conventional or intensive milk replacer programs on Holstein heifer performance through six months of age and during first lactation. J Dairy Sci, 92, 799-809. 4. Brickell JS., Bourne N., McGowan MM., Wathes DC., 2009. Effect of growth and development during the rearing period on the subsequent fertility of nulliparous Holstein-Friesian heifers. Theriogenology, 72, 408-416. 5. Chester-Jones H., Heins BJ., Ziegler D., Schimek D., Schuling S., Ziegler B., Ondarza MB., Sniffen CJ., Broadwater N., 2017. Relationships between early-life growth, intake, and birth season with first-lactation performance of Holstein dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 100, 3697-3704. 6. Callaghan MJ., Rodgers RJ., Perry VEA., 2020. Supplementation of rangeland primiparous Bos indicus x Bos taurus beef heifers during lactation. 2. Effects upon the reproductive development of bull calf progeny. Theriogenology, 152, 83-93 7. Ferguson JD., Galligan DT., Thomsen N., 1994. Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci, 77, 1695-1703. 8. SPSS (2012). Analysis Without Anguish: Version 20 for Windows. John Wiley and Sons Australia. 9. Kamal MM., Van Eetvelde M., Depreester E., Hostens M., Vandaele L., Opsomer G., 2014. Age at calving in heifers and level of milk production during gestation in cows are associated with the birth size of Holstein calves. J Dairy Sci, 97, 5448- 5458. 10. Aytekin İ., Doğan Ş., Odacı Ö., Gökcan G., 2019. Estimation of variance components for birth and weaning weights in holstein-friesian calves by using WOMBAT software. Selcuk J Agric Food Sci, 33, 88-93. 11. Grings EE., Short RE., Klement KD., Geary TW., MacNeil MD., Haferkamp MR., Heitschmidt RK., 2005. Calving system and weaning age effects on cow and preweaning calf performance in the Northern Great Plains. J Anim Sci, 83, 2671-2683. 12. Monteiro APA., Tao S., Thompson IMT., Dahl GE., 2016. In utero heat stress decreases calf survival and performance through the first lactation. J Dairy Sci, 99, 8443-8450. 13. Beard JK., Musgrave JA., Hanford KJ., Funston RN., Mulliniks JT., 2019. The effect of dam age on heifer progeny performance and longevity. Transl Anim Sci, 3, 1710-1713. 14. Bitencourt MF., Cerdotes L., Restle J., Costa Pt., Fernandes TA., Ferreira OGL., Silveira DD., Vaz RZ., 2020. Age and calving time affects production efficiency of beef cows and their calves. An Acad Bras Cienc, 92, 1-12. 15. Hoseyni F., Mahjoubi E., Zahmatkesh D., Yazdi MH., 2016. Effects of dam parity and preweaning average daily gain of Holstein calves on future milk production. J Dairy Res, 83, 453-455. 16. Long NM., Prado-Cooper MJ., Krehbiel CR., DeSilva U., Wettemann RP., 2010. Effects of nutrient restriction of bovine dams during early gestation on postnatal growth, carcass and organ characteristics, and gene expression in adipose tissue and muscle. J Anim Sci, 88, 3251-3261. 17. Paputungan U., Makarechian M., 2000. The influence of dam weight, body condition and udder scores on calf birth weight and preweaning growth rates in beef cattle. Asian- Australas J Anim Sci, 13, 435-439. 18. Spitzer JC., Morrison DG., Wettemann RP., Faulkner LC., 1995. Reproductive responses and calf birth and weaning weights as affected by body condition at parturition and postpartum weight gain in primiparous beef cows. J Anim Sci, 73, 1251-1257. 19. Banos G., Brotherstone S., Coffey MP., 2007. Prenatal maternal effects on body condition score, female fertility, and milk yield of dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 90, 3490-3499. 20. Quigley JD., Hu W., Knapp JR., Dennis TS., Suarez- Mena FX., Hill TM., 2019. Estimates of calf starter energy affected by consumption of nutrients. 1. Evaluation of models to predict changing digestion on energy content in calf starters. J Dairy Sci, 102, 2232-2241. 21. Pang H., Makarechian M., Goonewardene LA., Berg RT., 1998. Effects of early versus late spring calving on beef cow-calf productivity. Can J Anim Sci, 78, 249-255.

Esmer ve Siyah Alaca Sığırlarda Erken Dönem Büyüme

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 1 - 7, 26.04.2021

Öz

Çalışma, Esmer ve Siyah Alaca buzağılarda 12 haftalık yaş dönemine kadar ırk, cinsiyet, doğum mevsimi, laktasyon sırası, anaların doğum öncesi vücut kondisyon skoru (VKS) değerleri, anaların bir önceki laktasyondaki süt verimleri, laktasyon süresi ve kuru dönem uzunluğunun büyüme üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacı ile yapılmıştır. Ana ve buzağılara ait veriler için 04.10.2012 ile 31.12.2013 tarihleri arasında doğan toplam 90 baş buzağı kullanılmıştır. Esmer buzağılar doğumdan 12 haftalık yaşa kadar Siyah Alaca buzağılardan daha yüksek canlı ağırlığa sahip olmuşlardır. En düşük doğum ağırlığı yaz mevsiminde doğan buzağılarda (37.3±2.31 kg) gözlenmiştir. Doğumdan itibaren 12 haftalık yaşa kadarki dönemde Gompertz büyüme modeli ile hesaplanan k değerinin büyümeyi açıklamada başarılı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Anaların doğumdan önceki VKS değeri, süt verimi, laktasyon sırası ve kuru dönem uzunluğu ile doğum ağırlığı ve diğer dönemlerdeki canlı ağırlıklar arasında ilişki belirlenememiştir. Irk, cinsiyet ve laktasyon sırasının 12 haftalık yaş dönemine kadarki büyüme üzerine etkili faktörler olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Optimum erken büyüme düzeyinin bu hayvanların uzun vadeli performansını etkileyebileceği düşünüldüğünde, en azından makro çevre koşullarına uygun enerji ve protein değerleri belirlenerek beslenme programlarının geliştirilmesi faydalı olacaktır.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Barth K., 2020. Effects of suckling on milk yield and milk composition of dairy cows in cow-calf contact systems. J Dairy Res, 87, 133-137. 2. Miller-Cushon EK., Bergeron R., Leslie KE., DeVries TJ., 2013. Effect of milk feeding level on development of feeding behavior in dairy calves. J Dairy Sci, 96, 551-564. 3. Raeth-Knight M., Chester-Jones H., Hayes S., Linn J., Larson R., Ziegler D., Ziegler B., Broadwater N., 2009. Impact of conventional or intensive milk replacer programs on Holstein heifer performance through six months of age and during first lactation. J Dairy Sci, 92, 799-809. 4. Brickell JS., Bourne N., McGowan MM., Wathes DC., 2009. Effect of growth and development during the rearing period on the subsequent fertility of nulliparous Holstein-Friesian heifers. Theriogenology, 72, 408-416. 5. Chester-Jones H., Heins BJ., Ziegler D., Schimek D., Schuling S., Ziegler B., Ondarza MB., Sniffen CJ., Broadwater N., 2017. Relationships between early-life growth, intake, and birth season with first-lactation performance of Holstein dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 100, 3697-3704. 6. Callaghan MJ., Rodgers RJ., Perry VEA., 2020. Supplementation of rangeland primiparous Bos indicus x Bos taurus beef heifers during lactation. 2. Effects upon the reproductive development of bull calf progeny. Theriogenology, 152, 83-93 7. Ferguson JD., Galligan DT., Thomsen N., 1994. Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci, 77, 1695-1703. 8. SPSS (2012). Analysis Without Anguish: Version 20 for Windows. John Wiley and Sons Australia. 9. Kamal MM., Van Eetvelde M., Depreester E., Hostens M., Vandaele L., Opsomer G., 2014. Age at calving in heifers and level of milk production during gestation in cows are associated with the birth size of Holstein calves. J Dairy Sci, 97, 5448- 5458. 10. Aytekin İ., Doğan Ş., Odacı Ö., Gökcan G., 2019. Estimation of variance components for birth and weaning weights in holstein-friesian calves by using WOMBAT software. Selcuk J Agric Food Sci, 33, 88-93. 11. Grings EE., Short RE., Klement KD., Geary TW., MacNeil MD., Haferkamp MR., Heitschmidt RK., 2005. Calving system and weaning age effects on cow and preweaning calf performance in the Northern Great Plains. J Anim Sci, 83, 2671-2683. 12. Monteiro APA., Tao S., Thompson IMT., Dahl GE., 2016. In utero heat stress decreases calf survival and performance through the first lactation. J Dairy Sci, 99, 8443-8450. 13. Beard JK., Musgrave JA., Hanford KJ., Funston RN., Mulliniks JT., 2019. The effect of dam age on heifer progeny performance and longevity. Transl Anim Sci, 3, 1710-1713. 14. Bitencourt MF., Cerdotes L., Restle J., Costa Pt., Fernandes TA., Ferreira OGL., Silveira DD., Vaz RZ., 2020. Age and calving time affects production efficiency of beef cows and their calves. An Acad Bras Cienc, 92, 1-12. 15. Hoseyni F., Mahjoubi E., Zahmatkesh D., Yazdi MH., 2016. Effects of dam parity and preweaning average daily gain of Holstein calves on future milk production. J Dairy Res, 83, 453-455. 16. Long NM., Prado-Cooper MJ., Krehbiel CR., DeSilva U., Wettemann RP., 2010. Effects of nutrient restriction of bovine dams during early gestation on postnatal growth, carcass and organ characteristics, and gene expression in adipose tissue and muscle. J Anim Sci, 88, 3251-3261. 17. Paputungan U., Makarechian M., 2000. The influence of dam weight, body condition and udder scores on calf birth weight and preweaning growth rates in beef cattle. Asian- Australas J Anim Sci, 13, 435-439. 18. Spitzer JC., Morrison DG., Wettemann RP., Faulkner LC., 1995. Reproductive responses and calf birth and weaning weights as affected by body condition at parturition and postpartum weight gain in primiparous beef cows. J Anim Sci, 73, 1251-1257. 19. Banos G., Brotherstone S., Coffey MP., 2007. Prenatal maternal effects on body condition score, female fertility, and milk yield of dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 90, 3490-3499. 20. Quigley JD., Hu W., Knapp JR., Dennis TS., Suarez- Mena FX., Hill TM., 2019. Estimates of calf starter energy affected by consumption of nutrients. 1. Evaluation of models to predict changing digestion on energy content in calf starters. J Dairy Sci, 102, 2232-2241. 21. Pang H., Makarechian M., Goonewardene LA., Berg RT., 1998. Effects of early versus late spring calving on beef cow-calf productivity. Can J Anim Sci, 78, 249-255.
Toplam 1 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Ömer Coban

Murat Genç

Ali Osman Kesen 0000-0001-9638-7649

Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Nisan 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Coban, Ö., Genç, M., & Kesen, A. O. (2021). Esmer ve Siyah Alaca Sığırlarda Erken Dönem Büyüme. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(1), 1-7.
AMA Coban Ö, Genç M, Kesen AO. Esmer ve Siyah Alaca Sığırlarda Erken Dönem Büyüme. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi. Nisan 2021;16(1):1-7.
Chicago Coban, Ömer, Murat Genç, ve Ali Osman Kesen. “Esmer Ve Siyah Alaca Sığırlarda Erken Dönem Büyüme”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi 16, sy. 1 (Nisan 2021): 1-7.
EndNote Coban Ö, Genç M, Kesen AO (01 Nisan 2021) Esmer ve Siyah Alaca Sığırlarda Erken Dönem Büyüme. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi 16 1 1–7.
IEEE Ö. Coban, M. Genç, ve A. O. Kesen, “Esmer ve Siyah Alaca Sığırlarda Erken Dönem Büyüme”, Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 16, sy. 1, ss. 1–7, 2021.
ISNAD Coban, Ömer vd. “Esmer Ve Siyah Alaca Sığırlarda Erken Dönem Büyüme”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi 16/1 (Nisan 2021), 1-7.
JAMA Coban Ö, Genç M, Kesen AO. Esmer ve Siyah Alaca Sığırlarda Erken Dönem Büyüme. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;16:1–7.
MLA Coban, Ömer vd. “Esmer Ve Siyah Alaca Sığırlarda Erken Dönem Büyüme”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 16, sy. 1, 2021, ss. 1-7.
Vancouver Coban Ö, Genç M, Kesen AO. Esmer ve Siyah Alaca Sığırlarda Erken Dönem Büyüme. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;16(1):1-7.