Slaughter and carcass quality characteristics of Chios × Tahirovacrossbred lambs under intensive, traditional and organic productionsystems
Öz
The aim was to investigate the slaughter and carcass quality characteristics and carcass measurements of Chios × Tahirova crossbred lambs raised under intensive, traditional and organic production systems in Afyon. Intensive lambs were weaned at 71 d of age and then finished with commercial concentrates in the sheepfold until slaughter. Traditional lambs were kept with their mothers at sheepfold until 108 days old, and then they were brought out to pasture with their mothers in the daytime. Organic lambs were kept in sheepfold with their mothers until 106 days of age and then they were grazed in organic pasture with their mother until slaughter. Mixture of organically produced straw, barley and sunflower meal was supplied to organic lambs at nights. Lambs reached to 30 kg live weight were slaughtered. Mean finishing duration was 72 d, 79 d and 92 d in traditional, intensive and organic lambs, respectively (P<0.05). Lambs of three production systems had similar carcass weight, percentages of dressing and carcass joints. Lean ratio of the long leg in traditional system was higher than the other production systems (P<0.05). Organic lambs had lower percentages of omental and mesenterial fat and subcutaneous fat in long leg compared with intensive lambs (P<0.05). As a conclusion, traditional production system has better results when compared to organic and intensive production systems in terms of carcass quality parameters. Organic lambs had lower percentages of subcutaneous fat and omental and mesenteric fat than lambs of intensive system
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1. Anonymous (2010): Organik Tarımın Esasları ve Uygulanmasına İlişkin Yönetmelik (The regulation on the principles of organic farming and their implementation). Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, No: 27676, Ankara. Available at: http://mevzuat.basbakanlik.gov.tr/Metin.Aspx?MevzuatKo d=7.5.14217&MevzuatIliski=0&sourceXmlSearch=tar%C 4%B1m. (12.09.2014)
- 2. Borton RJ, Loerch SC, McClure KE, Wulf DM (2005): Characteristics of lambs fed concentrates or grazed on ryegrass to traditional or heavy slaughter weights. II Wholesale cuts and tissue accretion. J Anim Sci, 83, 1345- 1352.
- 3. Cañeque V, Velasco S, Díaz M, Pérez C, Huidobro F, Lauzurica S, Manzanares C, González J (2001): Effect of weaning age and slaughter weight on carcass and meat quality of Talaverana breed lambs raised at pasture. Anim Sci, 73, 85-95.
- 4. Cañeque V, Velasco S, Díaz MT, Ruiz de Huidobro F, Pérez C, Lauzurica S (2003): Use of whole barler with a protein supplement to fatten lambs under different management systems and its effect on meat and carcass quality. Anim Res, 52, 271-285.
- 5. Carrasco S, Ripoll G, Sanz A, Álvarez-Rodríguez J, Panea B, Revilla R, Joy M (2009): Effect of feeding system on growth and carcass characteristics of Churra Tensina light lambs. Livest Sci, 121, 56-63.
- 6. Chestnutt DMB (1994): Effect of lamb rate and growth pattern on carcass fat levels. Anim Prod, 58, 77-85.
- 7. Cividine A, Kompan D, Žgur S (2007): The effect of production system and weaning on lamb carcass traits and meat characteristics of Autochthonous Jezerskoločava breed. Poljoprivreda, 13, 145-149.
- 8. Colomer-Rocher F, Morand-Fehr P, Kirton AH (1987): Standard methods and procedures for goat carcass evaluation, jointing and tissue separation. Livest Prod Sci, 17, 149-159.
- 9. Díaz MT, Velasco S, Cañeque V, Lauzurica S, Ruiz de Huidobro F, Pérez C, González J Manzanares C (2002): Use of concentrate or pasture for fattening lambs and its effect on carcass and meat quality. Small Rumin Res, 34, 257-268.
- 10. Ekiz B, Demirel G, Yilmaz A, Ozcan M, Yalcintan H, Kocak O, Altinel A (2013): Slaughter characteristics, carcass quality and fatty acid composition of lambs under four different production systems. Small Rumin Res, 114, 26-34.
- 11. Ekiz B, Ekiz EE, Kocak O, Yalcintan H, Yilmaz A (2012): Effect of pre-slaughter management regarding transportation and time in lairage on certain stress parameters, carcass and meat quality characteristics in Kivircik lambs. Meat Sci, 90, 967-976.
- 12. Ekiz B, Ekiz EE, Yalcintan H, Kocak O, Yilmaz A (2012): Effects of suckling length (45, 75 and 120d) and rearing type on cortisol level, carcass and meat quality characteristics in Kivircik lambs. Meat Sci, 92, 53-61.
- 13. Ekiz B, Ozcan M, Yilmaz A, Tölü C, Savaş T (2010): Carcass measurements and meat quality characteristics of dairy suckling kids compared to an indigenous genotype. Meat Sci, 85, 245-249.
- 14. Ekiz B, Yilmaz A, Ozcan M, Kocak O (2012): Effect of production system on carcass measurement and meat quality of Kivircik lambs. Meat Sci, 90, 465-471.
- 15. FAO (2014): Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Available at: http://faostat.fao.org/ site/339/default.aspx. (12.09.2014).
- 16. Fisher AV, de Boer H (1994): The EAAP standart method of sheep carcass assessment. Carcas measurement and dissection procedures. Report of the EAAP working group on carcass evaluation, in cooperation with the CIHEAM Instituto Agronomico Mediterraneo of Zaragoza and the CEC Directorate General for Agricultute in Brussels. Livest Prod Sci, 38, 149-159.
- 17. Goering HK, VanSoest PJ (1971): Forage Fiber Analysis. USDAARS Agriculture Handbook No. 379. Washington, DC, USA: Government Printing Office.
- 18. Gürsoy O (2006): Economics and profitability of sheep and goat production in Turkey under new support regimes and market conditions. Small Rumin Res, 62, 181-191.
- 19. Kouba M (2003): Quality of organic animal products. Livest Prod Sci, 80, 33-40.
- 20. Morbidini L, Pollidori P, Sarti DM, Valigi A (2003): Effet of “organic” farming system on carcass quality of Italian Merino heavy lambs. Ital J Anim Sci, 2 (Suppl. 1), 494-496.
- 21. Özdamar (1999): SPSS ile biyoistatistik, 3. Baskı. Kaan Kitabevi, Eskişehir.
- 22. Santos VAC, Silva AO, Cardoso JVF, Silvestre AJD, Silva SR, Martins C, Azevedo JMT (2007): Genotype and sex effects on carcass and meat quality of suckling kids protected by the PGI “Cabrito de Barrosa”. Meat Sci, 75, 725-736.
- 23. Soysal D, Cibik R, Aydin C, Ak İ (2011): Comparison of conventional and organic management conditions on growth performance, carcass characteristics and haematological parameters in Karacabey Merino and Kivircik breeds. Trop Anim Health Prod, 43, 817-823.
- 24. Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB, Lewis BA (1991): Method for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci, 74, 3583-3597.
- 25. Velasco S, Cañeque V, Lauzurica S, Pérez C, Huidobro F (2004): Effect of different feeds on meat quality and fatty acid composition of lambs fattened at pasture. Meat Sci, 66, 457-465.
- 26. Yalçin BC (1986): Sheep and goats in Turkey. FAO Animal Production and Health Paper: 60, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
- 27. Yılmaz A, Özcan M, Ekiz B, Akgündüz M (2002): Türk Merinosu, Sakız ve Kıvırcık ırkları arasındaki melezlemeler ile et veriminin artırılma olanaklarının araştırılması: 2. Kuzuların Besi, Kesim ve Karkas Özellikleri. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 26, 1333-1340.
Entansif, geleneksel ve organik üretim sistemlerinde yetiştirilen Sakız × Tahirova melezi kuzularınkesim ve karkas kalitesi özellikleri
Öz
Çalışmada, Afyon ilindeki özel bir işletmede entansif, geleneksel ve organik üretim sistemlerinde yetiştirilen Sakız × Tahirova melezi kuzuların kesim ve karkas kalitesi özelliklerinin ve çeşitli karkas ölçülerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Entansif kuzular 71 günlük yaşta sütten kesilmişler ve kesime kadar ağıl içerisinde besiye alınmışlardır. Geleneksel yetiştirilen kuzular 108 günlük yaşa kadar ağıl içerisinde anaları ile birlikte tutulmuşlar, 108 günlük yaştan sonra ise anaları ile meraya çıkarılmışlardır. 106 günlük yaşa kadar anaları ile beraber ağıl içerisinde barındırılan organik kuzular, bu yaştan sonra gündüzleri anaları ile birlikte organik meraya çıkarılmışlardır. Organik kuzulara ayrıca akşamları organik olarak üretilmiş kuru ot, arpa ve ayçiçeği küspesinden oluşan yem karması verilmiştir. 30 kg canlı ağırlığa ulaşan kuzular kesime sevk edilmişlerdir. Çalışmada geleneksel, entansif ve organik kuzuların ortalama besi süreleri sırasıyla 72, 79 ve 92 gün olarak tespit edilmiştir (P<0.05). Farklı üretim sistemlerinde yer alan kuzuların karkas ağırlığı, karkas randımanı ve karkas parçalarının oranları bakımından benzer ortalama değerlere sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Uzun buttaki et oranı bakımından geleneksel üretim sisteminde yetiştirilen kuzuların diğer üretim sistemlerine kıyasla daha yüksek ortalamaya sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir (P<0.05). Entansif kuzular ile kıyaslandığında organik kuzuların omental ve mezenterik yağ ve uzun butta derialtı yağ oranı bakımından daha düşük ortalamalara sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak, karkas kalitesi parametreleri bakımından entansif ve organik üretim sistemleri ile kıyaslandığında geleneksel üretim sisteminin daha iyi sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1. Anonymous (2010): Organik Tarımın Esasları ve Uygulanmasına İlişkin Yönetmelik (The regulation on the principles of organic farming and their implementation). Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, No: 27676, Ankara. Available at: http://mevzuat.basbakanlik.gov.tr/Metin.Aspx?MevzuatKo d=7.5.14217&MevzuatIliski=0&sourceXmlSearch=tar%C 4%B1m. (12.09.2014)
- 2. Borton RJ, Loerch SC, McClure KE, Wulf DM (2005): Characteristics of lambs fed concentrates or grazed on ryegrass to traditional or heavy slaughter weights. II Wholesale cuts and tissue accretion. J Anim Sci, 83, 1345- 1352.
- 3. Cañeque V, Velasco S, Díaz M, Pérez C, Huidobro F, Lauzurica S, Manzanares C, González J (2001): Effect of weaning age and slaughter weight on carcass and meat quality of Talaverana breed lambs raised at pasture. Anim Sci, 73, 85-95.
- 4. Cañeque V, Velasco S, Díaz MT, Ruiz de Huidobro F, Pérez C, Lauzurica S (2003): Use of whole barler with a protein supplement to fatten lambs under different management systems and its effect on meat and carcass quality. Anim Res, 52, 271-285.
- 5. Carrasco S, Ripoll G, Sanz A, Álvarez-Rodríguez J, Panea B, Revilla R, Joy M (2009): Effect of feeding system on growth and carcass characteristics of Churra Tensina light lambs. Livest Sci, 121, 56-63.
- 6. Chestnutt DMB (1994): Effect of lamb rate and growth pattern on carcass fat levels. Anim Prod, 58, 77-85.
- 7. Cividine A, Kompan D, Žgur S (2007): The effect of production system and weaning on lamb carcass traits and meat characteristics of Autochthonous Jezerskoločava breed. Poljoprivreda, 13, 145-149.
- 8. Colomer-Rocher F, Morand-Fehr P, Kirton AH (1987): Standard methods and procedures for goat carcass evaluation, jointing and tissue separation. Livest Prod Sci, 17, 149-159.
- 9. Díaz MT, Velasco S, Cañeque V, Lauzurica S, Ruiz de Huidobro F, Pérez C, González J Manzanares C (2002): Use of concentrate or pasture for fattening lambs and its effect on carcass and meat quality. Small Rumin Res, 34, 257-268.
- 10. Ekiz B, Demirel G, Yilmaz A, Ozcan M, Yalcintan H, Kocak O, Altinel A (2013): Slaughter characteristics, carcass quality and fatty acid composition of lambs under four different production systems. Small Rumin Res, 114, 26-34.
- 11. Ekiz B, Ekiz EE, Kocak O, Yalcintan H, Yilmaz A (2012): Effect of pre-slaughter management regarding transportation and time in lairage on certain stress parameters, carcass and meat quality characteristics in Kivircik lambs. Meat Sci, 90, 967-976.
- 12. Ekiz B, Ekiz EE, Yalcintan H, Kocak O, Yilmaz A (2012): Effects of suckling length (45, 75 and 120d) and rearing type on cortisol level, carcass and meat quality characteristics in Kivircik lambs. Meat Sci, 92, 53-61.
- 13. Ekiz B, Ozcan M, Yilmaz A, Tölü C, Savaş T (2010): Carcass measurements and meat quality characteristics of dairy suckling kids compared to an indigenous genotype. Meat Sci, 85, 245-249.
- 14. Ekiz B, Yilmaz A, Ozcan M, Kocak O (2012): Effect of production system on carcass measurement and meat quality of Kivircik lambs. Meat Sci, 90, 465-471.
- 15. FAO (2014): Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Available at: http://faostat.fao.org/ site/339/default.aspx. (12.09.2014).
- 16. Fisher AV, de Boer H (1994): The EAAP standart method of sheep carcass assessment. Carcas measurement and dissection procedures. Report of the EAAP working group on carcass evaluation, in cooperation with the CIHEAM Instituto Agronomico Mediterraneo of Zaragoza and the CEC Directorate General for Agricultute in Brussels. Livest Prod Sci, 38, 149-159.
- 17. Goering HK, VanSoest PJ (1971): Forage Fiber Analysis. USDAARS Agriculture Handbook No. 379. Washington, DC, USA: Government Printing Office.
- 18. Gürsoy O (2006): Economics and profitability of sheep and goat production in Turkey under new support regimes and market conditions. Small Rumin Res, 62, 181-191.
- 19. Kouba M (2003): Quality of organic animal products. Livest Prod Sci, 80, 33-40.
- 20. Morbidini L, Pollidori P, Sarti DM, Valigi A (2003): Effet of “organic” farming system on carcass quality of Italian Merino heavy lambs. Ital J Anim Sci, 2 (Suppl. 1), 494-496.
- 21. Özdamar (1999): SPSS ile biyoistatistik, 3. Baskı. Kaan Kitabevi, Eskişehir.
- 22. Santos VAC, Silva AO, Cardoso JVF, Silvestre AJD, Silva SR, Martins C, Azevedo JMT (2007): Genotype and sex effects on carcass and meat quality of suckling kids protected by the PGI “Cabrito de Barrosa”. Meat Sci, 75, 725-736.
- 23. Soysal D, Cibik R, Aydin C, Ak İ (2011): Comparison of conventional and organic management conditions on growth performance, carcass characteristics and haematological parameters in Karacabey Merino and Kivircik breeds. Trop Anim Health Prod, 43, 817-823.
- 24. Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB, Lewis BA (1991): Method for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci, 74, 3583-3597.
- 25. Velasco S, Cañeque V, Lauzurica S, Pérez C, Huidobro F (2004): Effect of different feeds on meat quality and fatty acid composition of lambs fattened at pasture. Meat Sci, 66, 457-465.
- 26. Yalçin BC (1986): Sheep and goats in Turkey. FAO Animal Production and Health Paper: 60, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
- 27. Yılmaz A, Özcan M, Ekiz B, Akgündüz M (2002): Türk Merinosu, Sakız ve Kıvırcık ırkları arasındaki melezlemeler ile et veriminin artırılma olanaklarının araştırılması: 2. Kuzuların Besi, Kesim ve Karkas Özellikleri. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 26, 1333-1340.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Veteriner Cerrahi |
| Diğer ID | JA52GG23ZP |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Haziran 2016 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2016 |