Damızlık yumurta tavuğu yemine organik veya inorganik mangan, çinko, bakır ve krom ilavesinin performans, yumurta kalitesi ve kuluçka özellikleri üzerine etkileri
Öz
Bu araştırma, iki farklı seviyede organik veya inorganik Mn, Zn, Cu ve Cr karışımının (sırasıyla, 80, 60, 5 ve 0.15 mg/kg ve 40, 30, 2.5 ve 0.07 mg/kg) damızlık yumurta tavuklarının performans, yumurta kalitesi ve kuluçka özelliklerine etkilerini karşılaştırmak amacıyla düzenlenmiştir. Araştırma, 50 haftalık yaşta, toplam 360 adet Barred Rock hattı ile başlatılmış ve 16 hafta sürdürülmüştür. 4 ana grup her biri 15 tavuk içeren 6 tekerrüre rastgele dağıtılmıştır. Farklı iz mineral uygulamaları yaşama gücü, canlı ağırlık kazancı, yumurta verimi, yumurta ağırlığı ve kütlesi, yem tüketimi ve yemden yararlanma gibi performans parametreleri üzerinde önemli bir etki göstermemiştir. Yumurta kalite parametrelerinden, hasarlı yumurta oranı, şekil indeksi, kabuk oranı ve kalınlığı, ak yüksekliği ve haugh birimi bakımından gruplar arasında önemli farklılıklar bulunmamıştır. Bununla birlikte, düşük iz mineral seviyesi kabuk kırılma mukavemetinde önemli bir azalmaya sebep olmuştur. (P < 0.05). Farklı iz mineral uygulamaları, kuluçkalık ve döllü yumurta oranları üzerine önemli bir etki göstermemiştir. Organik (metiyonin şelatı) Mn, Zn, Cu ve Cr’ un yüksek (sırasıyla, 80, 60, 5 ve 0.15 mg/kg) düzeyleri çıkış gücü ve kuluçka randımanını diğer gruplara göre artırmıştır (P < 0.05)
Anahtar Kelimeler
Damızlık tavuk iz mineral kuluçka özellikleri performans yumurta kalitesi
Kaynakça
- AAFCO (2005): Official publication. Association of American Feed Control Officials. Atlanta, GA, 307-308.
- AOAC (1990): Official Methods of Analysis (15th ed.). Association of official analytical chemists, Washington, D. C.
- Balnave D, Zhang D (1993): Response of laying hens on saline drinking water to dietary supplementation with various Zn compounds. Poultry Sci, 72, 603-609.
- Chowdhury SD (1990): Shell membrane system in relation to lathyrogen toxicity and copper deficiency. World Poultry Sci J, 46, 153–169.
- Cunningham FE, Cotterill OJ, Funk EM (1960): The effect of season and age of bird. 2: On the chemical composition of egg white. Poultry Sci, 39, 300-308.
- Dale N, JR Strong CF (1998): Inability to demonstrate an effect of eggshell 49 on shell quality in older laying hens. J Appl Poult Res, 7, 219-224.
- Duncan DB (1955): Multiple Range and Multiple F Tests. Biometrics, 11, 1-42.
- Eseceli H, Degirmencioglu N, Bilgic M (2010): The effect of ıclusion of chromium yeast (Co-fator II, Altech Inc.) and folic acid to the rations of laying hens on performance, egg quality, egg yolk cholesterol, folic acid and chromium levels. J Anim Vet Adv, 9, 384-391.
- Favero A, Vieira SL, Angel CR, Bess F, Cemin HS, Ward TL (2013): Reproductive performance of Cobb 500 breeder hens fed diets supplemented with zinc, manganese, and copper from inorganic and amino acid-complexed sources. J Appl Poult Res, 22, 80-91.
- Georgievski VI (1982): Mineral nutrition of animals. London: Butterworts.
- Gheisari AA, Sanei A, Samie A, Gheisari MM, Toghyani M (2011): Effect of diets supplemented with different levels of manganese, zinc, and copper from their organic or inorganic sources on egg production and quality characteristics in laying hens. Biol Trace Elem Res, 142, 557-571.
- Janssen WMMA (1989): European Table of Energy Values for Poultry Feedstuffs. 3rd ed. Beekbergen, Netherlands: Spelderholt Center for Poultry Research and Information Services.
- Ji F, Luo XG, Lu L, Liu B, Yu SX (2006): Effect of manganese source on manganese absorption by the intestine of broilers. Poultry Sci, 85, 1947-1952.
- Keshavarz K (1997): The use of zinc and manganese proteinates on performance and shell quality of laying hens. Alltech’s Inc. Enclosure Code, April, Egg 1.3.
- Kid M, Anthony NB, Johnson Z, Lee S (1992): Effect of zinc methionine performance of mature supplementation on the broiler breeders. J Appl Poultry Res, 1, 207-211.
- Kita K, Hohmura I, Okumura JK (1997): Influence of dietary zinc methionine on eggshell quality in laying hens under hot climate environment. Jpn Poult Sci, 34, 21–26.
- Leeson S (2005): Trace mineral requirements of poultry- validity of the NRC recommendations. 107-117. In: Redefining Mineral Nutrition (J. A. Taylor-Pickard and L. A. Tucker, eds.), Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, U.K.
- Linder MC (1991): Nutrition and metabolism of the trace elements. 215-276. In: nutritional biochemistry and metabolism with clinical applications. MC Linder (Ed.). Elsevier, New York.
- Mabe I, Rapp C, Bain MM, Nys Y (2003): Supplementation of a corn-soybean meal diet with manganese, copper, and zinc from organic or inorganic sources improves eggshell quality in aged laying hens. Poultry Sci, 82, 1903-1913.
- Maciel MP, Saraiva EP, Aguiar EF, Ribeiro PAP, Passos DP, Silva JB (2010): Effect of using organic microminerals on performance and external quality of eggs of commercial laying hens at the end of laying. Rev Bras Zootecn, 39, 344-348.
- Moreng RE, Balnave D, Zhang D (1992): Dietary zinc methionine effect on eggshell quality of hens drinking saline water. Poultry Sci, 71, 1163-1167.
- Mowat DN (1994) Organic chromium. A new nutrient for stressed animals. Biotechnology in the Feed Industry: Proceedings of Alltech’s Tenth Annual Symposium. Lyons, TP and Jacques KA (Eds). Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK, 275-282.
- Mowat DN (1997): Organic chromium in animal nutrition. Chromium books, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, 2- 47.
- Nakaue HS, Hu CY (1997): Chromium picolinate (CrP) effect on blood and egg cholesterol levels in young and old single comb white leghorn (SCWL) laying chickens. Poultry Sci, 76 (Suppl.1), 61.
- NRC (1994). Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. NRC, Washington, D. C, USA.
- Nys Y, Hincke MT, Arias JL, Garcia-Ruiz JM, Solomon SE (1999): Avian eggshell mineralization. Poult Avian Biol Rev, 10, 143-166.
- Paik I (2001): Application of chelated minerals in animal production. Asian Austral J Anim, 14, 191-198.
- Richards MP, Steele NC (1987): Trace element metabolism in the developing avian embryo. J Exp Zool, Suppl 1, 39-51.
- Richards MP (1997). Trace mineral metabolism in the avian embryo. Poultry Sci, 76, 152-164
- Rutz, F, Pan EA, Xavier GB, Anciuti MA (2003): Nutritional Biotechnology in the feed and food Industries. Proceedings of Alltech’s 19 th Annual Symposium, Lynons T. P. and Jacques, K. A. eds. Nottingham Universty Press, Nottingham, UK, 147-161.
- Sechinato AS, Albuquerque R, Nakada S (2006): Effect of dietary supplementation with organic micro minerals in production of laying hens. Braz J Vet Res Anim Sci, 43,159-166.
- SM. Standard Methods. (2005): Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. American Public Health Association, 21st Edition.
- Stadelman WJ, Pratt DE (1989): Factors influencing composition of the hen’s egg. World Poultry Sci J, 45, 247- 266.
- Şahin K, Ertaş ON, Güler T, Çiftçi M (2001): Düşük çevre sıcaklığında yetiştirilen yumurta tavuklarında rasyona katılan kromun verim ve ham besin maddelerinin sindirilme derecesi üzerine etkisi. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 25, 823-830.
- Wedekind KJ, Hortin AE, Baker DH (1992): Methodology for assessing zinc bioavailability: Efficacy estimate for zinc methionine, zinc sulfate, and zinc oxide. J Anim Sci, 70, 178-187.
- Yan F, Waldroup PW (2006): Evaluation of Mintrex® manganese as a source of manganese for young broilers. Int J Poult Sci, 5, 708-713.
Effects of dietary organic or inorganic manganese, zinc, copper and chrome supplementation on the performance, egg quality and hatching characteristics of laying breeder hens
Öz
This study was conducted to compare the effects of organic or inorganic Mn, Zn, Cu and Cr mixture using two different levels (80, 60, 5 and 0.15 mg/kg and 40, 30, 2.5 and 0.07 mg/kg, respectively) on the performance, egg quality and hatching characteristics of laying breeder hens. The experiment began with a total of 360 hens from Barred Rock line at 50 weeks of age and continued for 16 weeks. Each of the four dietary treatments was randomly assigned to six replicates, which included 15 hens each. Different trace mineral applications did not result in a significant effect on performance parameters such as livability, body weight gain, egg production, egg weight and mass, feed intake, and feed conversion. No significant differences in egg quality parameters such as damaged egg rate, shape index, eggshell rate and thickness, albumen height and haugh unit were observed among the groups. However, the low level of trace minerals resulted in a significant reduction in eggshell breaking strength (P < 0.05). Different trace mineral applications did not show a significant effect on hatching and fertilised eggs ratio. The dietary supplementation of organic (chelated with methionine) Mn, Zn, Cu and Cr at high levels (80, 60, 5 and 0.15 mg/kg, respectively) increased the hatchability of the fertilised eggs and hatchability compared to that of the other groups (P < 0.05)
Anahtar Kelimeler
Breeder hen egg quality hatching characteristics performance trace mineral
Kaynakça
- AAFCO (2005): Official publication. Association of American Feed Control Officials. Atlanta, GA, 307-308.
- AOAC (1990): Official Methods of Analysis (15th ed.). Association of official analytical chemists, Washington, D. C.
- Balnave D, Zhang D (1993): Response of laying hens on saline drinking water to dietary supplementation with various Zn compounds. Poultry Sci, 72, 603-609.
- Chowdhury SD (1990): Shell membrane system in relation to lathyrogen toxicity and copper deficiency. World Poultry Sci J, 46, 153–169.
- Cunningham FE, Cotterill OJ, Funk EM (1960): The effect of season and age of bird. 2: On the chemical composition of egg white. Poultry Sci, 39, 300-308.
- Dale N, JR Strong CF (1998): Inability to demonstrate an effect of eggshell 49 on shell quality in older laying hens. J Appl Poult Res, 7, 219-224.
- Duncan DB (1955): Multiple Range and Multiple F Tests. Biometrics, 11, 1-42.
- Eseceli H, Degirmencioglu N, Bilgic M (2010): The effect of ıclusion of chromium yeast (Co-fator II, Altech Inc.) and folic acid to the rations of laying hens on performance, egg quality, egg yolk cholesterol, folic acid and chromium levels. J Anim Vet Adv, 9, 384-391.
- Favero A, Vieira SL, Angel CR, Bess F, Cemin HS, Ward TL (2013): Reproductive performance of Cobb 500 breeder hens fed diets supplemented with zinc, manganese, and copper from inorganic and amino acid-complexed sources. J Appl Poult Res, 22, 80-91.
- Georgievski VI (1982): Mineral nutrition of animals. London: Butterworts.
- Gheisari AA, Sanei A, Samie A, Gheisari MM, Toghyani M (2011): Effect of diets supplemented with different levels of manganese, zinc, and copper from their organic or inorganic sources on egg production and quality characteristics in laying hens. Biol Trace Elem Res, 142, 557-571.
- Janssen WMMA (1989): European Table of Energy Values for Poultry Feedstuffs. 3rd ed. Beekbergen, Netherlands: Spelderholt Center for Poultry Research and Information Services.
- Ji F, Luo XG, Lu L, Liu B, Yu SX (2006): Effect of manganese source on manganese absorption by the intestine of broilers. Poultry Sci, 85, 1947-1952.
- Keshavarz K (1997): The use of zinc and manganese proteinates on performance and shell quality of laying hens. Alltech’s Inc. Enclosure Code, April, Egg 1.3.
- Kid M, Anthony NB, Johnson Z, Lee S (1992): Effect of zinc methionine performance of mature supplementation on the broiler breeders. J Appl Poultry Res, 1, 207-211.
- Kita K, Hohmura I, Okumura JK (1997): Influence of dietary zinc methionine on eggshell quality in laying hens under hot climate environment. Jpn Poult Sci, 34, 21–26.
- Leeson S (2005): Trace mineral requirements of poultry- validity of the NRC recommendations. 107-117. In: Redefining Mineral Nutrition (J. A. Taylor-Pickard and L. A. Tucker, eds.), Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, U.K.
- Linder MC (1991): Nutrition and metabolism of the trace elements. 215-276. In: nutritional biochemistry and metabolism with clinical applications. MC Linder (Ed.). Elsevier, New York.
- Mabe I, Rapp C, Bain MM, Nys Y (2003): Supplementation of a corn-soybean meal diet with manganese, copper, and zinc from organic or inorganic sources improves eggshell quality in aged laying hens. Poultry Sci, 82, 1903-1913.
- Maciel MP, Saraiva EP, Aguiar EF, Ribeiro PAP, Passos DP, Silva JB (2010): Effect of using organic microminerals on performance and external quality of eggs of commercial laying hens at the end of laying. Rev Bras Zootecn, 39, 344-348.
- Moreng RE, Balnave D, Zhang D (1992): Dietary zinc methionine effect on eggshell quality of hens drinking saline water. Poultry Sci, 71, 1163-1167.
- Mowat DN (1994) Organic chromium. A new nutrient for stressed animals. Biotechnology in the Feed Industry: Proceedings of Alltech’s Tenth Annual Symposium. Lyons, TP and Jacques KA (Eds). Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK, 275-282.
- Mowat DN (1997): Organic chromium in animal nutrition. Chromium books, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, 2- 47.
- Nakaue HS, Hu CY (1997): Chromium picolinate (CrP) effect on blood and egg cholesterol levels in young and old single comb white leghorn (SCWL) laying chickens. Poultry Sci, 76 (Suppl.1), 61.
- NRC (1994). Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. NRC, Washington, D. C, USA.
- Nys Y, Hincke MT, Arias JL, Garcia-Ruiz JM, Solomon SE (1999): Avian eggshell mineralization. Poult Avian Biol Rev, 10, 143-166.
- Paik I (2001): Application of chelated minerals in animal production. Asian Austral J Anim, 14, 191-198.
- Richards MP, Steele NC (1987): Trace element metabolism in the developing avian embryo. J Exp Zool, Suppl 1, 39-51.
- Richards MP (1997). Trace mineral metabolism in the avian embryo. Poultry Sci, 76, 152-164
- Rutz, F, Pan EA, Xavier GB, Anciuti MA (2003): Nutritional Biotechnology in the feed and food Industries. Proceedings of Alltech’s 19 th Annual Symposium, Lynons T. P. and Jacques, K. A. eds. Nottingham Universty Press, Nottingham, UK, 147-161.
- Sechinato AS, Albuquerque R, Nakada S (2006): Effect of dietary supplementation with organic micro minerals in production of laying hens. Braz J Vet Res Anim Sci, 43,159-166.
- SM. Standard Methods. (2005): Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. American Public Health Association, 21st Edition.
- Stadelman WJ, Pratt DE (1989): Factors influencing composition of the hen’s egg. World Poultry Sci J, 45, 247- 266.
- Şahin K, Ertaş ON, Güler T, Çiftçi M (2001): Düşük çevre sıcaklığında yetiştirilen yumurta tavuklarında rasyona katılan kromun verim ve ham besin maddelerinin sindirilme derecesi üzerine etkisi. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 25, 823-830.
- Wedekind KJ, Hortin AE, Baker DH (1992): Methodology for assessing zinc bioavailability: Efficacy estimate for zinc methionine, zinc sulfate, and zinc oxide. J Anim Sci, 70, 178-187.
- Yan F, Waldroup PW (2006): Evaluation of Mintrex® manganese as a source of manganese for young broilers. Int J Poult Sci, 5, 708-713.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Veteriner Cerrahi |
| Diğer ID | JA72EC39ZF |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Mart 2015 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2015 |