Öz
Trichophytosis which caused by Trichophyton spp. is an enzootic skin disease. In this study, effects of trichophytosis on serum adenozine deaminase (ADA) and nitric oxide (NO) activities were investigated. Thirty cattles with thrichophytosis and 10 healthy cattles were used in the study. Average ages of the cattle were 1-3 and average body weight was 250 kg. Blood samples were taken from vena jugularis of the animals. Serum ADA activities and NO levels were detected with spectrophotomethric method. Serum ADA activities were detected 12.70 U/L and 24.49 U/L in research and control groups respectively. Statistically difference was important between two groups (p<0.001). NO levels were determined 34.24 µmol/L and 36.17 µmol/L in research and control groups respectively. However, no significant statistically change was determined in this parameter between two groups (p>0.05). Consequently, we thought that, serum ADA levels might be increased by cell mediated immune system which was stimulated by T. verricosum. Although, NO levels were monitored slightly increase in research group. We thought that, this increase related to newly iNOS release and NO producing in macrophages
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Akman N, Tuncel M, Yener S, Kumlu K, Özkütük N, Tüzemen M, Yanar A, Koç O, Şahin Ç, Kaya Y: Türkiyede sığır yetiştiriciliği. http://www.zmo.org.tr/ etkinlikler/6tk05/033numanakman.pdf
- Arda M (2000): Preperat ve kültür hazırlama yöntem- leri.Temel mikrobiyoloji. 2. baskı, Medisan Yayınevi, Ankara, 356-357.
- Billiau A (1996): İnterferon-γ: biology and role in pathogenesis. Advances in Immunology, 62, 61-130.
- Bourdzi-Hatzopoulou E (1978): Zooanthroponoses in Greece. Epidemiology of dermatophytosis. Scientific Yearbook of the Faculty of Veterinary , 19, 195-258.
- Cales J (1999): Adenosine deaminase. http://www.mssc. edu/biology/B305/enzyme.htm
- Cortas NK, Wakid NW (1990): Determination of inorganic nitrate in serum and urine by a kinetic cadmium reduction method. Clin Chem, 36, 1440-1448.
- Fischer D, Martin B, Wayden V, Synderman R (1976): A role of adenosine deaminase in human monocyte maturation. J Clin Invest, 58, 399-407.
- Galanti B, Nardiello S, Russo M, Fiorentino F (1981): İncreased lymphocyte adenosine deaminase in typhoid fever. Scand J Infect Dis, 13, 47-50.
- Giblett ER, Andeson JE, Cohen F, Polara B, Meuwissen HJ (1972): Adenosine deaminase deficiency in two patients with severely impaired cellular immunity. Lancet, 2, 1067-1069.
- Giuisti G (1974): Adenosine deaminase. In: HU Bergmeyer (Ed), Methods of Enzymatic Analysis. Academic pres. New York.
- Gudding R, Lung A (1995): Immunoprophylaxis of bovine dermotophytosis. Can Vet J, 36, 302-306.
- Haseqawa M, Lida Y, Yano T, Takaiwa F, Iwabuchi M (1985): Phylogenetic relationships among eukaryotic kingdoms inferred from ribosomal RNA Sequences. J Mol Evol, 22, 32-38.
- Hersfield M.S, Arredondo-Vega F.X, Santısteban I (1997): Clinical expression, genetics and therapy of adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency. J Inher Metab Dıs, 20, 1979-1985.
- Koehler LH, Benz EJ (1962): Serum adenosine deaminase methodology and clinical applications. Clin Chem, 8, 133-40.
- Komarov AM, Reddy MN (1998): Effect of septic shock on nitrate, free amino acids and urea in murine plasma and urine. Clin Biochem, 31, 107-11.
- Lepoivre M, Feischi F, Coves J, Thlander L, Fontecave M (1991): Unactivation of ribonucleotide reductase by nitric oxide. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 179, 442- 448.
- Lung A, Bratberg AM, Evensen θ (1998): Cell recruitment in skin in the course of an experimental infection with trichophyton verrucosum in a vaccinated and a non-vaccinated calf. Adv Vet Dermotol, 3, 271-281.
- Lund A, Bratberg AM, Solbakk IT (2001): In vitro release of interferon-gamma by trichophytin-stimulated whole blood cell cultures from ringworm-vaccinated and control cattles experimentally inoculated with Trichophyton verrucosum. Vet Derm, 12, 75-80.
- Minitab Inc, Version 12.1, State Collage, Pennsylvania, USA,1998.
- Moretti A, Boncio L, Pasquali P, Fioretti DP (1998): Epidemiological aspects of dermatophyte infections horses and cattle. Zent Vet B, 45, 205-208.
- Moriello KA (2001): Diacnostic techniques for dermotophytes. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract, 16, 219-224.
- Munoz- Fernandez MA, Fernandez MA, Fresno M (1992): Synergism between tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma on macrofage activation for the killing of intracelluler Trypanosoma cruzi through a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism. Eur J Immunol, 22, 301-307.
- Pişkin S (2005):Dermofit enfeksiyonlarında savunma mekanizmaları ve alerjik reaksiyonlar. Türkiye Klinikleri J Int Med Sci,1,12-15.
- Raj B, Chopra RK, Lal H, Saini AS, Singh V, Kumar P (1985): Adenosine deaminase activity in pleural fluids a diagnostic aid tuberculous pleural effusion. Ind J Chest Dis Allied Sci, 27, 76-80.
- Stancıkova M, Lukac J, Istok R, Crisstlli G, Rovensky J (1998): Serum adenosine deaminase activity and its isoenzyme pattern in patients with sistemik lupus ertyhematosus. Clin Exp Rheumatol, 16, 583-586.
- Takatori K, Takahashi A, Kawai S, Ichijo S, Hasegawa A (1993): Isolation of Trichophyton verricosum from lesional and non-lesional skin in calves. J Vet Med Sci, 55, 343-344.
- Taylor AW, Severn A, Philips RS (1996): Kinetics of nitric oxide production during infection and reinfection of mice with Plasmodium chabaudi. Parasite-Immunology, 18, 425-430.
- Wabacha JK, Gitau GK, Bebora LC, Bwanga CO, Wamuri ZM, Mbithi PM. (1998): Occurrence of dermatomycosis (ringworm) due to Trichophyton verrucosum in dairy calves and its spread to animal attendants. J S Afr Vet Assoc, 69, 172-173.
- Zhang J, Snyder SH (1992): Nitric oxide stimulates auto- ADP-ribosylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphade dehidro- genase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 89, 9382-9385.
Öz
Bu çalışmada trikofitozisli ineklerde serum adenozin deaminaz (ADA) aktivitesinin ve nitrik oksit (NO) seviyesinin nasıl etkilendiği araştırıldı. Çalışmada 1-3 yaşlarında, ortalama 250 kg canlı ağırlığında trikofitozisli olduğu belirlenen 30 adet yerli ırk sığır ile 10 adet sağlıklı yerli ırk sığır kullanıldı. Hayvanların vena jugularisinden kan alınarak serumları çıkartıldı. Serumda ADA aktivitesi ve NO düzeyi spekrofotometrik olarak ölçüldü. Serum ADA aktivitesi kontrol ve trikofitozisli sığırlarda sırasıyla 12.70 U/L ve 24.49 U/L olarak tespit edildi. ADA aktivitesinde gruplar arasındaki farklılık istatistiksel olarak önemli bulundu (p<0.001). NO düzeyleri ise kontrol ve trikofitozisli sığırlarda sırasıyla 34.24 µmol/L ve 36.17 µmol/L ölçüldü. Kontrol ile hastalıklı grup arasında NO değerleri bakımından istatistiki anlamda bir fark bulunamadı (p>0.05). Sonuç olarak serum ADA aktivitesinin T.verricosum tarafından hücre aracılı immun sistemin uyarılması sayesinde artmış olabileceği düşünüldü. Buna karşın araştırma grubunda kontrole göre serum NO seviyesinin ortalamasında relatif olmayan bir artış gözlendi. Bu artış, makrofajlardaki iNOS salınımının ve NO üretiminin yeni başlamış olabileceğini düşündürdü
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Akman N, Tuncel M, Yener S, Kumlu K, Özkütük N, Tüzemen M, Yanar A, Koç O, Şahin Ç, Kaya Y: Türkiyede sığır yetiştiriciliği. http://www.zmo.org.tr/ etkinlikler/6tk05/033numanakman.pdf
- Arda M (2000): Preperat ve kültür hazırlama yöntem- leri.Temel mikrobiyoloji. 2. baskı, Medisan Yayınevi, Ankara, 356-357.
- Billiau A (1996): İnterferon-γ: biology and role in pathogenesis. Advances in Immunology, 62, 61-130.
- Bourdzi-Hatzopoulou E (1978): Zooanthroponoses in Greece. Epidemiology of dermatophytosis. Scientific Yearbook of the Faculty of Veterinary , 19, 195-258.
- Cales J (1999): Adenosine deaminase. http://www.mssc. edu/biology/B305/enzyme.htm
- Cortas NK, Wakid NW (1990): Determination of inorganic nitrate in serum and urine by a kinetic cadmium reduction method. Clin Chem, 36, 1440-1448.
- Fischer D, Martin B, Wayden V, Synderman R (1976): A role of adenosine deaminase in human monocyte maturation. J Clin Invest, 58, 399-407.
- Galanti B, Nardiello S, Russo M, Fiorentino F (1981): İncreased lymphocyte adenosine deaminase in typhoid fever. Scand J Infect Dis, 13, 47-50.
- Giblett ER, Andeson JE, Cohen F, Polara B, Meuwissen HJ (1972): Adenosine deaminase deficiency in two patients with severely impaired cellular immunity. Lancet, 2, 1067-1069.
- Giuisti G (1974): Adenosine deaminase. In: HU Bergmeyer (Ed), Methods of Enzymatic Analysis. Academic pres. New York.
- Gudding R, Lung A (1995): Immunoprophylaxis of bovine dermotophytosis. Can Vet J, 36, 302-306.
- Haseqawa M, Lida Y, Yano T, Takaiwa F, Iwabuchi M (1985): Phylogenetic relationships among eukaryotic kingdoms inferred from ribosomal RNA Sequences. J Mol Evol, 22, 32-38.
- Hersfield M.S, Arredondo-Vega F.X, Santısteban I (1997): Clinical expression, genetics and therapy of adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency. J Inher Metab Dıs, 20, 1979-1985.
- Koehler LH, Benz EJ (1962): Serum adenosine deaminase methodology and clinical applications. Clin Chem, 8, 133-40.
- Komarov AM, Reddy MN (1998): Effect of septic shock on nitrate, free amino acids and urea in murine plasma and urine. Clin Biochem, 31, 107-11.
- Lepoivre M, Feischi F, Coves J, Thlander L, Fontecave M (1991): Unactivation of ribonucleotide reductase by nitric oxide. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 179, 442- 448.
- Lung A, Bratberg AM, Evensen θ (1998): Cell recruitment in skin in the course of an experimental infection with trichophyton verrucosum in a vaccinated and a non-vaccinated calf. Adv Vet Dermotol, 3, 271-281.
- Lund A, Bratberg AM, Solbakk IT (2001): In vitro release of interferon-gamma by trichophytin-stimulated whole blood cell cultures from ringworm-vaccinated and control cattles experimentally inoculated with Trichophyton verrucosum. Vet Derm, 12, 75-80.
- Minitab Inc, Version 12.1, State Collage, Pennsylvania, USA,1998.
- Moretti A, Boncio L, Pasquali P, Fioretti DP (1998): Epidemiological aspects of dermatophyte infections horses and cattle. Zent Vet B, 45, 205-208.
- Moriello KA (2001): Diacnostic techniques for dermotophytes. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract, 16, 219-224.
- Munoz- Fernandez MA, Fernandez MA, Fresno M (1992): Synergism between tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma on macrofage activation for the killing of intracelluler Trypanosoma cruzi through a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism. Eur J Immunol, 22, 301-307.
- Pişkin S (2005):Dermofit enfeksiyonlarında savunma mekanizmaları ve alerjik reaksiyonlar. Türkiye Klinikleri J Int Med Sci,1,12-15.
- Raj B, Chopra RK, Lal H, Saini AS, Singh V, Kumar P (1985): Adenosine deaminase activity in pleural fluids a diagnostic aid tuberculous pleural effusion. Ind J Chest Dis Allied Sci, 27, 76-80.
- Stancıkova M, Lukac J, Istok R, Crisstlli G, Rovensky J (1998): Serum adenosine deaminase activity and its isoenzyme pattern in patients with sistemik lupus ertyhematosus. Clin Exp Rheumatol, 16, 583-586.
- Takatori K, Takahashi A, Kawai S, Ichijo S, Hasegawa A (1993): Isolation of Trichophyton verricosum from lesional and non-lesional skin in calves. J Vet Med Sci, 55, 343-344.
- Taylor AW, Severn A, Philips RS (1996): Kinetics of nitric oxide production during infection and reinfection of mice with Plasmodium chabaudi. Parasite-Immunology, 18, 425-430.
- Wabacha JK, Gitau GK, Bebora LC, Bwanga CO, Wamuri ZM, Mbithi PM. (1998): Occurrence of dermatomycosis (ringworm) due to Trichophyton verrucosum in dairy calves and its spread to animal attendants. J S Afr Vet Assoc, 69, 172-173.
- Zhang J, Snyder SH (1992): Nitric oxide stimulates auto- ADP-ribosylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphade dehidro- genase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 89, 9382-9385.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Veteriner Cerrahi |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Eylül 2007 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2007 |