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COVİD-19 PANDEMİC PROCESS BREASTFEEDİNG CONTİNUİNG AND ROLE OF THE WOMEN’S HEALTH NURSE

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 210 - 217, 20.03.2024

Mümüne Durmuş Mizgin Cebe Ertaş Emine Gercek Oter

https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1025387

Öz

ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 virus, which started in China at the end of 2019 caused a pandemic. The pandemic process has caused concern in nursing mothers and expectant mothers. However, although the protective role of the rich content of breast milk against viral infections is known, there is no study that proves the transmission of COVID-19 virus from breast milk. In addition to these, various health authorities such as the World Health Organization, United Nations Children's Fund, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine, American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Royal Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, recommend direct breastfeeding by taking hygiene measures. The need to maintain lactation has increased during the COVID-19 process. Women's health nurses, who have an important role in the breastfeeding process, should take the necessary precautions to protect the mother and her baby from COVID-19 infection, provide isolation and support breastfeeding, which is the important provider of the bond between mother and baby, as much as possible.
Keywords: COVID-19, Breastfeeding, Breast Milk, Women's Health Nurse.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19 BREASTFEEDING BREAST MİLK WOMENS HEALTH NURSE

Kaynakça

  • Referans 1 Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine (ABM). (2020). ABM Statement on Coronavirüs 2019 (COVID-19). https://www.bfmed.org/abm-statement-coronavirus adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 2 Acavut, G. , Pay, R. E. , Ulubay, M. & Evliyaoğlu, Ö. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemisinin Maternal-Neonatal Etkileri ve Yönetimi. Türk Kadın Sağlığı ve Neonatoloji Dergisi, 2 (3), 96-104. DOI: 10.46969/ezh.757567
  • Referans 3 American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (ACOG). (2020). COVID-19 FAQs for Obstetrician-Gynecologists, Obstetrics. https://www.acog.org/clinical-information/physician-faqs/COVID-19-faqs-for-ob-gyns-obstetrics adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 4 Andreas N, J Kampmann, B & Le-Doare K. M. Human breast milk: a review on its composition and bioactivity. Early Human Development. (2015). 91(11), 629-635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2015.08.013 adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 5 Asadi L, Tabatabaei R,S, Safinejad H, Mohammadi M. (2020). New CoronaVirus (COVID-19) Management in Pregnancy and Childbirth Arch Clin Infect. https://dx.doi.org/10.5812/archcid.102938.
  • Referans 6 Başer A, Sezer H, Şahin H. (2020). Covid-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Anne Sütü ve Emzirme Eğitimi Yönetimi. İzmir Demokrasi Üniversitesi Diş Sağlığı Kongresi.
  • Referans 7 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2020). Considerations for Inpatient Obstetric Healthcare Settings. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019ncov/hcp/inpatient-obstetric-healthcare-guidance.html adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 8 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Breastfeeding and Caring for Newborns. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021a). https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/pregnancybreastfeeding.html adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 9 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Care for Breastfeeding People. (2021b). https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/care-for-breastfeeding-women.html adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 10. Cheema R, Partridge E, Kair M,P, H, L, R, Kuhn-riordon M, A, S,K, M, SilvaA, I, Bettinelli, Blumberg D. (2020). Protecting Breastfeeding during the COVID-19 Pandemic. American Journal of Perinatology. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1714277 .
  • Referans 11. Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X. (2020). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A descriptive study. The Lanset. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30211-7.
  • Referans 12. Chen D, Yang H, Cao Y, Cheng W, Duan T, Fan C. (2020). Expert consensus for managing pregnant women and neonates born to mothers with suspected or confirmed novel coronavirus (COVID‐19) infection. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 149(2), 130- 136. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13146.
  • Referans 13. Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, Luo F, Yu X, Zhang W, Li J, Zhao D, Xu D, Gong Q, Liao J, Yang H, Hou W, Zhang Y. (2020). Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. The Lancet. 395(10226), 809–815. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30360-3.
  • Referans 14. Chua M,S,Q, Lee J,C,S, Sulaiman S, Tan HK. (2020). From the frontline of COVID-19–How preparedare we as obstetricians: a commentary. International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 1471-528. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.16192.
  • Referans 15. Çuvadar A, Özcan H. (2020). COVİD -19 Enfeksiyonunda Emzirme ve Ebelik Bakımı. Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi. 7(2), 137–140.
  • Referans 16. Davanzo R., Guido M, Sandri F. (2020). Breastfeedingand Coronavirus Disease-2019. Ad interim indications of the Italian Society of Neonatology endorsed by the Union of European Neonatal&Perinatal Societies. Maternal and Child Nutrition. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13010.
  • Referans 17. Dong Y, Mo X, Hu Y, Qi X, Jiang F, Jiang Z, Tong, S. (2020). Epidemiology of COVID-19 among children in China. Pediatrics..145(6). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-0702.
  • Referans 18. Favre G, Pomar L, Qi X, Nielsen-Saines K, Musso D, Baud D. (2020). Guidelines for pregnant women with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 20(6), 652–653. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30157-2.
  • Referans 19. Goldman A S. (2019). Future research in the immune system of human milk. The Journal of Pediatrics. 206, 274-279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.11.024.
  • Referans 20. Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü (HSG). (2019). Emzirme. Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü. Available from: https://sagligim.gov.tr/bebek-sagligi/emzirme.htmln adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 21. Hassiotou F, Hepworth A R, Metzger P, Tat Lai C, Trengove N, Hartmann P, Filgueira L. (2013). Maternal and infant infections stimulate a rapid leukocyte response in breastmilk. Clinical and Translational Immunology. 2(4): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/cti.2013.1.
  • Referans 22. Hazar, H. U., Gökay, D. (2020). COVID- 19 Sürecinde Anne Sütü ve Emzirme. Hemşirelik Bilimi Dergisi. 3: 30–37.
  • Referans 23. Hudak ML, Kimberlin DW. (2020). Cummings J. Initial Guidance: Management of Infants Born to Mothers with COVID-19. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Fetus and Newborn, Section on Neonatal Perinatal Medicine, and Committee on Infectious Diseases. 2020. https://www.tn.gov/content/dam/tn/health/documents/cedep/novel-coronavirus/AAP_COVID-19-Initial-Newborn-Guidance.pdf adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 24. Hull, N., Kam, R. L., Gribble, K. D., & Hull, N. (2020). Providing breastfeeding support during the COVID- 19 pandemic: Concerns of mothers who contacted the Australian Breastfeeding Association. medRxiv. 1–32.
  • Referans 25. Karabayır, N., Sapmaz, S., Gökçay, G. (2020). COVID-19 ve Anne Sütü ile Beslenme. The Journal of Child. 20(2): 72–75. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2020.2.772138.
  • Referans 26. Keskindemirci, G., Karabayır, N., İstanbullu Tosun, A., Hançerli Törün, S., Altay, C., Sebirli, M., Kaba, Ö., Kibar, B., Gökçay, G. (2021). Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Antigens and Antibodies in Breast Milk. İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 0(0): 01–06.
  • Referans 27. Muscogiuri G, Pugliese G, Barrea L, Savastano S, Colao A. (2020). Commentary: Obesity: The Achilles heel" for COVID-19? Metabolism. 108: 154-251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154251.
  • Referans 28. Nalbantoğlu, A., Nalbantoğlu, B., Gökçay, G. (2020). Covid-19 Enfeksiyonu Seyrinde Annelerin Emzirme ve Anne Sütü Hakkında Bilgi ve Tutumları. Namık Kemal Tıp Dergisi. 8(3): 314–320. https://doi.org/10.37696/nkmj.779496.
  • Referans 29. Nayak, M. K., Panda, S. K., Panda, S. S., Rath, S., Ghosh, A., Mohakud, N. K. (2021). Neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 in a developing country setup. Pediatrics & Neonatology. xxxx: 1-7.
  • Referans 30. Partovi Meran, H. E., & Hotun Şahin, N. (2014). Kadın Sağlığı Alanında Uzman Hemşirelik Eğitimi Ve Uzman Hemşirelik Rolleri: Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Örneği. Kashed. 1(1): 1–14.
  • Referans 31. Peng, S., Zhu, H., Yang, L., Cao, L., Huang, X., Dynes, M. (2020). A study of breastfeeding practices, SARS-CoV-2 and its antibodies in the breast milk of mothers confirmed with COVID-19. The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific. 4.
  • Referans 32. Royal College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists (RCOG). (2021). Chicago: The Association; c1929-2021 [cited 2021 jul 5]. Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection in Pregnancy. https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/2020-07-24 adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 33. Salvatore, C. M., Han, J. Y., Acker, K. P., Tiwari, P., Jin, J., Brandler, M., Cangemi, C., Gordon, L., Parow, A., DiPace, J., & DeLaMora, P. (2020). Neonatal management and outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observation cohort study. The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health. 4(10): 721–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2352-4642(20)30235-2
  • Referans 34. Schwartz, D. A. (2020). An analysis of 38 pregnant women with COVID-19, their newborn infants, and maternal-fetal transmission of SARS- CoV-2: maternal coronavirus infections and pregnancy outcomes. Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine. 144(7): 799-805. https://doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2020-0901-sa.
  • Referans 35. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2020). COVID-19 (SARS-CoV2 Enfeksiyonu) Rehberi Bilim Kurulu Çalışması. https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/39551/0/covid19rehberigenelbilgilerepidemiyolojivetanipdf.pdf adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 36. Wang, X., Zhou, Z., Zhang, J., Zhu, F., Tang, Y., & Shen, X. (2020). A case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in a pregnant woman with preterm delivery. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 71(15): 844-846. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa200.

COVID- 19 PANDEMİ SÜRECİNDE EMZİRMEYİ DEVAM ETTİRME VE KADIN SAĞLIĞI HEMŞİRESİNİN ROLÜ

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 210 - 217, 20.03.2024

Mümüne Durmuş Mizgin Cebe Ertaş Emine Gercek Oter

https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1025387

Öz

ÖZ
Çin’de 2019 yılı sonlarında başlayan COVID-19 virüsü pandemi meydana getirmiştir. Yaşanan pandemi süreci emziren anne ve anne adaylarında endişeye neden olmuştur. Ancak anne sütünün zengin içeriğinin viral enfeksiyonlara karşı koruyucu rolü bilinmekle birlikte anne sütünden COVID-19 virüsünün bulaştığını kanıtlar nitelikte çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bunlara ek olarak Dünya Sağlık Örgütü, Birleşmiş Milletler Çocuklara Yardım Fonu, Hastalık Kontrol ve Önleme Merkezi, Emzirme Tıbbı Akademisi, Amerikan Obstetrisyenler ve Jinekologlar Birliği, Kraliyet Obstetrisyenler ve Jinekologlar Birliği gibi çeşitli sağlık otoriteleri hijyen önlemleri alınarak doğrudan emzirmeyi önermektedir. COVID-19 sürecinde laktasyonun sürdürülmesine olan ihtiyaç artmıştır. Emzirme sürecinde önemli rolü olan kadın sağlığı hemşireleri anne ve bebeğini COVID-19 enfeksiyonundan korumak için gerekli önlemleri almalı, izolasyonu sağlamalı ve anne bebek arasındaki bağın önemli sağlayıcısı olan emzirmeyi mümkün olduğunda sürdürebilmeye destek olmalıdır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19, Emzirme, Anne Sütü, Kadın Sağlığı Hemşiresi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19 EMZİRME ANNE SÜTÜ KADIN SAĞLIĞI HEMŞİRESİ

Kaynakça

  • Referans 1 Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine (ABM). (2020). ABM Statement on Coronavirüs 2019 (COVID-19). https://www.bfmed.org/abm-statement-coronavirus adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 2 Acavut, G. , Pay, R. E. , Ulubay, M. & Evliyaoğlu, Ö. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemisinin Maternal-Neonatal Etkileri ve Yönetimi. Türk Kadın Sağlığı ve Neonatoloji Dergisi, 2 (3), 96-104. DOI: 10.46969/ezh.757567
  • Referans 3 American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (ACOG). (2020). COVID-19 FAQs for Obstetrician-Gynecologists, Obstetrics. https://www.acog.org/clinical-information/physician-faqs/COVID-19-faqs-for-ob-gyns-obstetrics adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 4 Andreas N, J Kampmann, B & Le-Doare K. M. Human breast milk: a review on its composition and bioactivity. Early Human Development. (2015). 91(11), 629-635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2015.08.013 adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 5 Asadi L, Tabatabaei R,S, Safinejad H, Mohammadi M. (2020). New CoronaVirus (COVID-19) Management in Pregnancy and Childbirth Arch Clin Infect. https://dx.doi.org/10.5812/archcid.102938.
  • Referans 6 Başer A, Sezer H, Şahin H. (2020). Covid-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Anne Sütü ve Emzirme Eğitimi Yönetimi. İzmir Demokrasi Üniversitesi Diş Sağlığı Kongresi.
  • Referans 7 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2020). Considerations for Inpatient Obstetric Healthcare Settings. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019ncov/hcp/inpatient-obstetric-healthcare-guidance.html adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 8 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Breastfeeding and Caring for Newborns. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021a). https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/pregnancybreastfeeding.html adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 9 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Care for Breastfeeding People. (2021b). https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/care-for-breastfeeding-women.html adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 10. Cheema R, Partridge E, Kair M,P, H, L, R, Kuhn-riordon M, A, S,K, M, SilvaA, I, Bettinelli, Blumberg D. (2020). Protecting Breastfeeding during the COVID-19 Pandemic. American Journal of Perinatology. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1714277 .
  • Referans 11. Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X. (2020). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A descriptive study. The Lanset. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30211-7.
  • Referans 12. Chen D, Yang H, Cao Y, Cheng W, Duan T, Fan C. (2020). Expert consensus for managing pregnant women and neonates born to mothers with suspected or confirmed novel coronavirus (COVID‐19) infection. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 149(2), 130- 136. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13146.
  • Referans 13. Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, Luo F, Yu X, Zhang W, Li J, Zhao D, Xu D, Gong Q, Liao J, Yang H, Hou W, Zhang Y. (2020). Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. The Lancet. 395(10226), 809–815. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30360-3.
  • Referans 14. Chua M,S,Q, Lee J,C,S, Sulaiman S, Tan HK. (2020). From the frontline of COVID-19–How preparedare we as obstetricians: a commentary. International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 1471-528. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.16192.
  • Referans 15. Çuvadar A, Özcan H. (2020). COVİD -19 Enfeksiyonunda Emzirme ve Ebelik Bakımı. Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi. 7(2), 137–140.
  • Referans 16. Davanzo R., Guido M, Sandri F. (2020). Breastfeedingand Coronavirus Disease-2019. Ad interim indications of the Italian Society of Neonatology endorsed by the Union of European Neonatal&Perinatal Societies. Maternal and Child Nutrition. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13010.
  • Referans 17. Dong Y, Mo X, Hu Y, Qi X, Jiang F, Jiang Z, Tong, S. (2020). Epidemiology of COVID-19 among children in China. Pediatrics..145(6). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-0702.
  • Referans 18. Favre G, Pomar L, Qi X, Nielsen-Saines K, Musso D, Baud D. (2020). Guidelines for pregnant women with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 20(6), 652–653. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30157-2.
  • Referans 19. Goldman A S. (2019). Future research in the immune system of human milk. The Journal of Pediatrics. 206, 274-279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.11.024.
  • Referans 20. Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü (HSG). (2019). Emzirme. Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü. Available from: https://sagligim.gov.tr/bebek-sagligi/emzirme.htmln adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 21. Hassiotou F, Hepworth A R, Metzger P, Tat Lai C, Trengove N, Hartmann P, Filgueira L. (2013). Maternal and infant infections stimulate a rapid leukocyte response in breastmilk. Clinical and Translational Immunology. 2(4): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/cti.2013.1.
  • Referans 22. Hazar, H. U., Gökay, D. (2020). COVID- 19 Sürecinde Anne Sütü ve Emzirme. Hemşirelik Bilimi Dergisi. 3: 30–37.
  • Referans 23. Hudak ML, Kimberlin DW. (2020). Cummings J. Initial Guidance: Management of Infants Born to Mothers with COVID-19. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Fetus and Newborn, Section on Neonatal Perinatal Medicine, and Committee on Infectious Diseases. 2020. https://www.tn.gov/content/dam/tn/health/documents/cedep/novel-coronavirus/AAP_COVID-19-Initial-Newborn-Guidance.pdf adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 24. Hull, N., Kam, R. L., Gribble, K. D., & Hull, N. (2020). Providing breastfeeding support during the COVID- 19 pandemic: Concerns of mothers who contacted the Australian Breastfeeding Association. medRxiv. 1–32.
  • Referans 25. Karabayır, N., Sapmaz, S., Gökçay, G. (2020). COVID-19 ve Anne Sütü ile Beslenme. The Journal of Child. 20(2): 72–75. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2020.2.772138.
  • Referans 26. Keskindemirci, G., Karabayır, N., İstanbullu Tosun, A., Hançerli Törün, S., Altay, C., Sebirli, M., Kaba, Ö., Kibar, B., Gökçay, G. (2021). Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Antigens and Antibodies in Breast Milk. İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 0(0): 01–06.
  • Referans 27. Muscogiuri G, Pugliese G, Barrea L, Savastano S, Colao A. (2020). Commentary: Obesity: The Achilles heel" for COVID-19? Metabolism. 108: 154-251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154251.
  • Referans 28. Nalbantoğlu, A., Nalbantoğlu, B., Gökçay, G. (2020). Covid-19 Enfeksiyonu Seyrinde Annelerin Emzirme ve Anne Sütü Hakkında Bilgi ve Tutumları. Namık Kemal Tıp Dergisi. 8(3): 314–320. https://doi.org/10.37696/nkmj.779496.
  • Referans 29. Nayak, M. K., Panda, S. K., Panda, S. S., Rath, S., Ghosh, A., Mohakud, N. K. (2021). Neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 in a developing country setup. Pediatrics & Neonatology. xxxx: 1-7.
  • Referans 30. Partovi Meran, H. E., & Hotun Şahin, N. (2014). Kadın Sağlığı Alanında Uzman Hemşirelik Eğitimi Ve Uzman Hemşirelik Rolleri: Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Örneği. Kashed. 1(1): 1–14.
  • Referans 31. Peng, S., Zhu, H., Yang, L., Cao, L., Huang, X., Dynes, M. (2020). A study of breastfeeding practices, SARS-CoV-2 and its antibodies in the breast milk of mothers confirmed with COVID-19. The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific. 4.
  • Referans 32. Royal College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists (RCOG). (2021). Chicago: The Association; c1929-2021 [cited 2021 jul 5]. Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection in Pregnancy. https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/2020-07-24 adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 33. Salvatore, C. M., Han, J. Y., Acker, K. P., Tiwari, P., Jin, J., Brandler, M., Cangemi, C., Gordon, L., Parow, A., DiPace, J., & DeLaMora, P. (2020). Neonatal management and outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observation cohort study. The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health. 4(10): 721–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2352-4642(20)30235-2
  • Referans 34. Schwartz, D. A. (2020). An analysis of 38 pregnant women with COVID-19, their newborn infants, and maternal-fetal transmission of SARS- CoV-2: maternal coronavirus infections and pregnancy outcomes. Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine. 144(7): 799-805. https://doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2020-0901-sa.
  • Referans 35. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2020). COVID-19 (SARS-CoV2 Enfeksiyonu) Rehberi Bilim Kurulu Çalışması. https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/39551/0/covid19rehberigenelbilgilerepidemiyolojivetanipdf.pdf adresinden alındı.
  • Referans 36. Wang, X., Zhou, Z., Zhang, J., Zhu, F., Tang, Y., & Shen, X. (2020). A case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in a pregnant woman with preterm delivery. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 71(15): 844-846. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa200.
Toplam 36 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Mümüne Durmuş 0000-0001-8358-1020

Mizgin Cebe Ertaş 0000-0003-0388-7711

Emine Gercek Oter 0000-0002-0310-5479

Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Mart 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 18 Kasım 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Durmuş, M., Cebe Ertaş, M., & Gercek Oter, E. (2024). COVID- 19 PANDEMİ SÜRECİNDE EMZİRMEYİ DEVAM ETTİRME VE KADIN SAĞLIĞI HEMŞİRESİNİN ROLÜ. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(1), 210-217. https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1025387
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