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Avrupa Birliği’nde Etçi ve Yumurtacı Tavukların Refah Standartları için Yasal Gereklilikler ve Türkiye’nin Uyumu

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 23 - 35, 08.01.2018

Öz

Modern, kaliteli ve sürdürülebilir tarımsal üretimi geliştirmek ve küresel pazarda Avrupa Birliği’nin tarım ürünleri ile rekabet gücünü arttırmak için uygulamaya konulan Ortak Tarım Politikası kapsamında üye ülkelerde mevzuat, yönetim ve bürokratik işleyişin aynı olması gerekmektedir. Türkiye, 2005 yılından beri yürütülen katılım müzakereleri çerçevesinde alt yapısı ve gelenekleri ile özgün farklılıklar taşıyan tarım sektörünün ortak tarım politikasına entegrasyonunu sağlamak için çalışmalarına hızla devam etmektedir. Bu kapsamda endüstriyel ve ticari önemi dikkate alınarak ve özellikle son yıllarda giderek artan tüketici ilgisi ve kaygısı nedeniyle tavuk refah standartlarına ilişkin mevzuat uyumlaştırma çalışmaları da hız kazanmıştır. Son dönemde hayvan dostu üretim sürecini garanti eden etiketlemesi ile özel hayvan refahı kalite güvence programları Avrupa Birliği içinde ve uluslararası ticarette payını giderek büyütmekte olup, Türkiye’nin de bu pazarda yer alabilmesi müktesebat uyumlaştırma çalışmalarının tamamlanmasına bağlıdır. Bu derlemenin amacı, çiftlikte yumurtacı ve etçi tavukların refah standartlarının sağlanması için Avrupa Birliği’ndeki yasal gereklilikleri ortaya koyarak Türkiye’nin birlik mevzuatına uyumunu değerlendirmektir.

Kaynakça

  • Anonim, (1990). Council Regulation (EEC) No 1907/90 of 26 June 1990 on certain marketing standards for eggs. Official Journal of the European Communities, 173, 6.7.1990, p. 5.
  • Anonim, (1991). Council Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91 of 24 June 1991 on organic production of agricultural products and indications referring thereto on agricultural products and foodstuffs. Official Journal of the European Communities, L198 (22.7.91), 1-15.
  • Anonim, (1998). Council Directive 98/58/EC of 20 July 1998 concerning the protection of animals kept for farming purposes.8.8.1998, Official Journal of the European Communities, L 221/23.
  • Anonim, (1999a). Council Directive 1999/74/EC of 19 July 1999 laying down minimum standards for the protection of laying hens. Official Journal of the European Communities L 203/53.
  • Anonim, (1999b). Council Regulation (1999) (EC) No 1804/1999: supplementing Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91 on organic production of agricultural products and indications referring thereto on agricultural products and foodstuffs to include livestock production. L222/14.
  • Anonim, (1999c).Council Regulation (EC) No 1804/1999 of 19 July 1999 supplementing Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91 on organic production of agricultural products and indications referring thereto on agricultural products and foodstuffs to include livestock production. Official Journal of the European Communities L 222/1.
  • Anonim, (2000). Report of the Scientific Committee on Animal Health and Animal Welfare of 21 March 2000 on the welfare of chickens kept for meat production (broilers). SANCO.B.3/AH/R15/2000.
  • Anonim, (2002a). Commission Directive 2002/4/EC of 30 January 2002 on the registration of establishments keeping laying hens, covered by Council Directive 1999/74/EC. Official Journal of the European Communities, L 30/44, 31.1.2002.
  • Anonim, (2002b). Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 January 2002 laying down the general principles and requirements of food law, establishing the European Food Safety Authority and laying down procedures in matters of food safety. Official Journal of the European Communities, L 31/1, 1.2.2002.
  • Anonim, (2004). Regulation (EC) No 852/2004 0f The European Parliament and of The Council of 29 April 2004 on the hygiene of foodstuffs. Official Journal Of The European Union,30.4.2004, 139/1.
  • Anonim, (2007a). Council Directive 2007/43/EC of 28 June 2007 laying down minimum rules for the protection of chickens kept for meat production OJ L 182, 12.7.2007, p. 19-28.
  • Anonim, (2007b). Commission Regulation (EC) No 557/2007 of 23 May 2007 laying down detailed rules for implementing Council Regulation (EC) No 1028/2006 on marketing standards for eggs.O fficial Journal Of The European Union, 132, p.5., 24.05.2997.
  • Anonim, (2007c) Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 of 28 June 2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products and repealing Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91.
  • Anonim, (2008a). Commission Regulation (EC) No. 543/2008 of 16 June 2008 laying down detailed rules for the application of Council Regulation (EC) No. 1234/2007 as regards the marketing standards for poultry meat. Official Journal, L 157, 17.6.2008.
  • Anonim, (2008b). Commission Regulation (EC) No.889/2008 of 5 September 2008 laying down detailed rules for the implementation of Council Regulation (EC) No. 834/2007 of 28 June 2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products with regard to organic production labelling and control. Official Journal of the European Union, L 250/1, 18.9.2008.
  • Anonim, (2008c). Commission Regulation (EC) No 589/2008 of 23 June 2008 laying down detailed rules for implementing Council Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 as regards marketing standards for eggs. Official Journal of the European Union, L 163/6, 24.06.2008.
  • Anonim, (2011). Çiftlik hayvanlarının refahına ilişkin yönetmelik. Resmi Gazete No: 28151, 23 Aralık 2011.
  • Anonim, (2012a). Chicken meat production in the EU. Information sheet 1.(.https://www.compassioninfoodbusiness.com/media/5819738/chicken-meat-production-in-the-eu.pdf. Erişim: 11.08.2017). Anonim, (2012b). Egg production in the EU. Information sheet 1. https://www.compassioninfoodbusiness.com/media/5789260/laying-hens-egg-production-in-the-eu.pdf. Erişim: 15.08.2017).
  • Anonim, (2014a).Çiftlik Hayvanlarının Refahına İlişkin Genel Hükümler Hakkında Yönetmelik. Resmi Gazete, Sayı no: 29183, 22 Kasım2014.
  • Anonim, (2014b) Türk Gıda Kodeksi Yumurta Tebliği. Resmi Gazete, No: 29211, 20 Aralık 2014.
  • Anonim, (2014c) Yumurtacı Tavukların Korunması İle İlgili Asgari Standartlara İlişkin Yönetmelik. Resmi Gazete No: 29183, 23 Aralık 2014.
  • Anonim, (2017a). Organic Farming. European Union Agriculture and Rural Development.(https://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/organic/organic-farming/what-is-organic-farming/organic-certification_en, Erişim:17.10.2017).
  • Anonim, (2017b). Labelling related to animal welfare. European Union web site. (https://ec.europa.eu/food/animals/welfare/other_aspects/labelling_en; Erişim: 11.07.2017
  • Appleby, M. C. (2003). The European Union Ban on Conventional Cages for Laying Hens: History and Prospects, Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 6 (2):103-121.
  • Blaha, T. (2000). The importance of quality assurance and food safety in modern food production systems. (In: Sustainable Animal Production: Conference, Workshops, and Discussion. Workshop on Quality and Safety. 2001 Research Consortium Sustainable Animal Production (http://www.agriculture.de).
  • Caspari, C., Oliver, E., Nganga, J., Ricci, M., van Horne, P., Magdelaine, P. (2010). The poultry and egg sectors: Evaluation of the current market situation and future prospects. (www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/document.html?reference=IPOL-AGRI.,Erişim: 03.08.2017).
  • Fiks van Niekerk T.,de Jong, I.C.(2007).Mutilations in poultry European poultry production systems. Lohmann Information. 42 (1):35–46.
  • Harvey, D., Hubbard, C. (2013). The supply chain’s role in improving animal welfare. Animals (Basel).3(3):767–785.
  • Martland, M. F. (1985). Ulcerative dermatitis dm broiler chickens: The effects of wet litter, Avian Pathology, 14:3, 353-364.
  • Meluzzi, A., Sirri, F. (2009). Welfare of broiler chickens, Italian Journal of Animal Science, 8(1):161-173.
  • Passantino, A., Conte, F., Russo, M. (2008). Animal Welfare Labelling and the Approach of the European Union: An Overview on the Current Situation. Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety. 3:396 -399.
  • Stevenson, P. (2007). EU Directive on the welfare of meat chickens. Compassion in World Farming. Advice Report(http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/animalwelfare/eu_legislation_broilers.pdf, Erişim: 06. 08.2018.
  • Stevenson, S., Battaglia, D., Bullon, C., Carita, A. (2014). Review of animal welfare legislation in the beef, pork, and poultry industries. FAO Investment Centre, Directions in investment, Rome, Italy.
  • Türker, H. (2017). AB-Türkiye İlişkileri Mevcut Durum Değerlendirmesi ve 2017 Yılı Öngörüleri Uluslararası İlişkiler Müdürlüğü. (http://izto.org.tr/demo_betanix/uploads/cms/yonetim.ieu.edu.tr/ 6449_1486110619. pdf, Erişim:17.09.2017).
  • Van Horne, P. L. M., Achterbosch, T. J. (2008). Animal welfare in poultry production systems: impact of EU standards on world trade. World’s Poultry Science Journal, 64 (1):40-52.
  • Yenilmez, F., Uruk, E. (2016). Free-Range Sistemi, Avantaj ve Dezavantajları. Nevşehir Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi TARGİD Özel Sayı 315-324.

Legal Requirements for The Welfare Standards of Broiler and Layer Hens in The European Union and Turkey’s Compliance

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 23 - 35, 08.01.2018

Öz

The legislation, administration and bureaucratic processes must be the same in the member countries within the scope of the applicable Common Agriculture Policy in order to develop modern, high quality and sustainable agricultural production and to be able to complete with the European Union's agricultural products on the global market. Turkey continues to work rapidly within the framework of the accession negotiations carried out since 2005 to ensure the integration of the Turkish agricultural sector, which has unique differences with its infrastructure and traditions into the common agricultural policy. In this context, legislative harmonization work regarding poultry welfare standards have also accelerated due to their industrial and commercial significance and especially due to consumer interest and concern in recent years. Recently, the labeling guaranteeing the animal-friendly production process and the private animal welfare quality assurance programs are gradually expanding their share in intra-EU and international trade, and Turkey's inclusion in this market depends on the completion of the acquis harmonization works. The aim of this review is to assess the conformity of Turkey to the Union's legislation by laying down the legal requirements of the European Union regarding the standard of welfare of broilers and layer hens on the farm.

Kaynakça

  • Anonim, (1990). Council Regulation (EEC) No 1907/90 of 26 June 1990 on certain marketing standards for eggs. Official Journal of the European Communities, 173, 6.7.1990, p. 5.
  • Anonim, (1991). Council Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91 of 24 June 1991 on organic production of agricultural products and indications referring thereto on agricultural products and foodstuffs. Official Journal of the European Communities, L198 (22.7.91), 1-15.
  • Anonim, (1998). Council Directive 98/58/EC of 20 July 1998 concerning the protection of animals kept for farming purposes.8.8.1998, Official Journal of the European Communities, L 221/23.
  • Anonim, (1999a). Council Directive 1999/74/EC of 19 July 1999 laying down minimum standards for the protection of laying hens. Official Journal of the European Communities L 203/53.
  • Anonim, (1999b). Council Regulation (1999) (EC) No 1804/1999: supplementing Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91 on organic production of agricultural products and indications referring thereto on agricultural products and foodstuffs to include livestock production. L222/14.
  • Anonim, (1999c).Council Regulation (EC) No 1804/1999 of 19 July 1999 supplementing Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91 on organic production of agricultural products and indications referring thereto on agricultural products and foodstuffs to include livestock production. Official Journal of the European Communities L 222/1.
  • Anonim, (2000). Report of the Scientific Committee on Animal Health and Animal Welfare of 21 March 2000 on the welfare of chickens kept for meat production (broilers). SANCO.B.3/AH/R15/2000.
  • Anonim, (2002a). Commission Directive 2002/4/EC of 30 January 2002 on the registration of establishments keeping laying hens, covered by Council Directive 1999/74/EC. Official Journal of the European Communities, L 30/44, 31.1.2002.
  • Anonim, (2002b). Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 January 2002 laying down the general principles and requirements of food law, establishing the European Food Safety Authority and laying down procedures in matters of food safety. Official Journal of the European Communities, L 31/1, 1.2.2002.
  • Anonim, (2004). Regulation (EC) No 852/2004 0f The European Parliament and of The Council of 29 April 2004 on the hygiene of foodstuffs. Official Journal Of The European Union,30.4.2004, 139/1.
  • Anonim, (2007a). Council Directive 2007/43/EC of 28 June 2007 laying down minimum rules for the protection of chickens kept for meat production OJ L 182, 12.7.2007, p. 19-28.
  • Anonim, (2007b). Commission Regulation (EC) No 557/2007 of 23 May 2007 laying down detailed rules for implementing Council Regulation (EC) No 1028/2006 on marketing standards for eggs.O fficial Journal Of The European Union, 132, p.5., 24.05.2997.
  • Anonim, (2007c) Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 of 28 June 2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products and repealing Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91.
  • Anonim, (2008a). Commission Regulation (EC) No. 543/2008 of 16 June 2008 laying down detailed rules for the application of Council Regulation (EC) No. 1234/2007 as regards the marketing standards for poultry meat. Official Journal, L 157, 17.6.2008.
  • Anonim, (2008b). Commission Regulation (EC) No.889/2008 of 5 September 2008 laying down detailed rules for the implementation of Council Regulation (EC) No. 834/2007 of 28 June 2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products with regard to organic production labelling and control. Official Journal of the European Union, L 250/1, 18.9.2008.
  • Anonim, (2008c). Commission Regulation (EC) No 589/2008 of 23 June 2008 laying down detailed rules for implementing Council Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 as regards marketing standards for eggs. Official Journal of the European Union, L 163/6, 24.06.2008.
  • Anonim, (2011). Çiftlik hayvanlarının refahına ilişkin yönetmelik. Resmi Gazete No: 28151, 23 Aralık 2011.
  • Anonim, (2012a). Chicken meat production in the EU. Information sheet 1.(.https://www.compassioninfoodbusiness.com/media/5819738/chicken-meat-production-in-the-eu.pdf. Erişim: 11.08.2017). Anonim, (2012b). Egg production in the EU. Information sheet 1. https://www.compassioninfoodbusiness.com/media/5789260/laying-hens-egg-production-in-the-eu.pdf. Erişim: 15.08.2017).
  • Anonim, (2014a).Çiftlik Hayvanlarının Refahına İlişkin Genel Hükümler Hakkında Yönetmelik. Resmi Gazete, Sayı no: 29183, 22 Kasım2014.
  • Anonim, (2014b) Türk Gıda Kodeksi Yumurta Tebliği. Resmi Gazete, No: 29211, 20 Aralık 2014.
  • Anonim, (2014c) Yumurtacı Tavukların Korunması İle İlgili Asgari Standartlara İlişkin Yönetmelik. Resmi Gazete No: 29183, 23 Aralık 2014.
  • Anonim, (2017a). Organic Farming. European Union Agriculture and Rural Development.(https://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/organic/organic-farming/what-is-organic-farming/organic-certification_en, Erişim:17.10.2017).
  • Anonim, (2017b). Labelling related to animal welfare. European Union web site. (https://ec.europa.eu/food/animals/welfare/other_aspects/labelling_en; Erişim: 11.07.2017
  • Appleby, M. C. (2003). The European Union Ban on Conventional Cages for Laying Hens: History and Prospects, Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 6 (2):103-121.
  • Blaha, T. (2000). The importance of quality assurance and food safety in modern food production systems. (In: Sustainable Animal Production: Conference, Workshops, and Discussion. Workshop on Quality and Safety. 2001 Research Consortium Sustainable Animal Production (http://www.agriculture.de).
  • Caspari, C., Oliver, E., Nganga, J., Ricci, M., van Horne, P., Magdelaine, P. (2010). The poultry and egg sectors: Evaluation of the current market situation and future prospects. (www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/document.html?reference=IPOL-AGRI.,Erişim: 03.08.2017).
  • Fiks van Niekerk T.,de Jong, I.C.(2007).Mutilations in poultry European poultry production systems. Lohmann Information. 42 (1):35–46.
  • Harvey, D., Hubbard, C. (2013). The supply chain’s role in improving animal welfare. Animals (Basel).3(3):767–785.
  • Martland, M. F. (1985). Ulcerative dermatitis dm broiler chickens: The effects of wet litter, Avian Pathology, 14:3, 353-364.
  • Meluzzi, A., Sirri, F. (2009). Welfare of broiler chickens, Italian Journal of Animal Science, 8(1):161-173.
  • Passantino, A., Conte, F., Russo, M. (2008). Animal Welfare Labelling and the Approach of the European Union: An Overview on the Current Situation. Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety. 3:396 -399.
  • Stevenson, P. (2007). EU Directive on the welfare of meat chickens. Compassion in World Farming. Advice Report(http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/animalwelfare/eu_legislation_broilers.pdf, Erişim: 06. 08.2018.
  • Stevenson, S., Battaglia, D., Bullon, C., Carita, A. (2014). Review of animal welfare legislation in the beef, pork, and poultry industries. FAO Investment Centre, Directions in investment, Rome, Italy.
  • Türker, H. (2017). AB-Türkiye İlişkileri Mevcut Durum Değerlendirmesi ve 2017 Yılı Öngörüleri Uluslararası İlişkiler Müdürlüğü. (http://izto.org.tr/demo_betanix/uploads/cms/yonetim.ieu.edu.tr/ 6449_1486110619. pdf, Erişim:17.09.2017).
  • Van Horne, P. L. M., Achterbosch, T. J. (2008). Animal welfare in poultry production systems: impact of EU standards on world trade. World’s Poultry Science Journal, 64 (1):40-52.
  • Yenilmez, F., Uruk, E. (2016). Free-Range Sistemi, Avantaj ve Dezavantajları. Nevşehir Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi TARGİD Özel Sayı 315-324.
Toplam 36 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Hayvansal Üretim (Diğer)
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Zehra Bozkurt

Yayımlanma Tarihi 8 Ocak 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Bozkurt, Z. (2018). Avrupa Birliği’nde Etçi ve Yumurtacı Tavukların Refah Standartları için Yasal Gereklilikler ve Türkiye’nin Uyumu. Bahri Dağdaş Hayvancılık Araştırma Dergisi, 6(2), 23-35.