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Köpeklerin Parvovirüs Enfeksiyonunda Tedavi Uygulamalarına Güncel Yaklaşım

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 62 - 72, 31.12.2021

Öz

Kanin parvoviral enteritis duyarlı köpeklerde yüksek morbidite ve mortalite ile seyreden enteropatojenik bir hastalıktır. Hastalığa Kanin parvovirüs’ün (CPV) üç farklı alt suşu (CPV-2a, 2b ve 2c) neden olmaktadır. Enfeksiyon daha çok enfekte hayvanların dışkılarıyla kontamine olan gıdaların sağlıklı ve duyarlı hayvanlar tarafından ağız yoluyla alınması sonucu şekillenmektedir. Hastalık 6 aylıktan küçük olan yavru köpeklerde yüksek morbidite ve mortalite ile seyredebilmektedir. Ayrıca immun sistemi çeşitli nedenlerde baskılanmış olan erişkin köpeklerde enfeksiyon ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Hastalığın tedavisinde sıvı sağaltımı, antibiyotik uygulamaları gibi semptomatik tedavilerin yanı sıra immun sistemin güçlendirilmesi için çeşitli ilaçlar veya bağışıklığı tetikleyen preparatlar kullanılmaktadır. Tedavinin yanında korunma açısından hijyen kurallarına uyulması, sağlıklı hayvanların hasta hayvanlardan izole edilmesi, aşılama prosedürlerine uyulması hastalığın önlenmesinde ve yayılımının azaltmasında son derece önemlidir. Bu derleme makalesi özellikle CPV enfeksiyonuna yönelik denenmekte olan farklı tedavi uygulamalarının sonuçlarına dikkat çekilmesini amaçlamaktadır.

Kaynakça

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Current Approach Treatment Practices in Canine Parvovirus Infection

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 62 - 72, 31.12.2021

Öz

Canine parvoviral enteritis is an enteropathogenic disease with high morbidity and mortality rates in susceptible dogs. The causative agent of the disease is 3 different substrains of parvoviral enteritis (CPV-2a, 2b and 2c). Infection is mostly caused by the ingestion of food contaminated with the faeces of infected animals by healthy and susceptible animals. The disease can progress with high morbidity and mortality in puppies less than 6 months of age. In addition, infection may occur in adult dogs whose immune system is suppressed for various reasons in the treatment of the disease. In addition to symptomatic treatments such as fluid therapy and antibiotic applications, various drugs or preparations that trigger immunity are used to strengthen the immune system. In addition to treatment, it is extremely important to comply with the hygiene rules in terms of protection, isolate healthy animals from sick animals, and comply with vaccination procedures in preventing the disease and reducing its spread. This review article aims to draw attention to the results of different treatment applications that are being tried especially for CPV infection.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Miranda C, Thompson G. Canine parvovirus: The worldwide occurrence of antigenic variants. Journal of General Virology 2016; 97: 2043-2057. doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.000540.
  • 2. Goddard A, Leisewitz AL. Canine parvovirus. Veterinary Clinics: Small Animal Practice 2010; 40: 1041-1053. doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2010.07.007.
  • 3. Dash S, Das MR, Senapati SK, Jena GR, Nath I, et al. Therapeutic alternations of haematological parameters in canine parvo virus. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2019; 7: 286-288.
  • 4. Sykes JE. Canine parvovirus infections and other viral enteritides. Sykes JE. eds. In: Canine and Feline Infectious Diseases. St Louis, MO: Elsevier, 2014; pp. 141-151.
  • 5. Odueko FD. Literature review on canine parvoviral enteritis variants in Nigeria. Journal of Dairy, Veterinary & Animal Research 2020; 9: 26-32. doi: 10.15406/jdvar.2020.09.00274.
  • 6. Greene CE. Feline enteric viral infections. Greene CE. eds. In: Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat. St Louis, MO: Elsevier, 2012; pp. 80-91.
  • 7. Hoelzer K, Parrish CR. The emergence of parvoviruses of carnivores. Veterinary Research 2010; 41: 39. doi: 10.1051/vetres/2010011.
  • 8. Decaro N, Buonavoglia C. Canine parvovirus-a review of epidemiological and diagnostic aspects, with emphasis on type 2c. Veterinary Microbiology 2012; 155: 1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.007.
  • 9. Markovich JE, Stucker KM, Carr AH, Harbison CE, Scarlett JM, et al. Effects of canine parvovirus strain variations on diagnostic test results and clinical management of enteritis in dogs. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 2012; 241: 66-72. doi: 10.2460/javma.241.1.66.
  • 10. Iris K, Leontides LS, Mylonakis ME, Adamama-Moraitou K, Rallis T, et al. Factors affecting the occurrence, duration of hospitalization and final outcome in canine parvovirus infection. Research In Veterinary Science 2010; 89: 174-178. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.02.013.
  • 11. Lenghaus C, Studdert MJ. Acute and chronic viral myocarditis. Acute diffuse nonsuppurative myocarditis and residual myocardial scarring following infection with canine parvovirus. American Journal of Pathology 1984; 115: 316-319.
  • 12. Reddy KB, Shobhamani B, Sreedevi B, Prameela DR, Reddy BS. Canine parvo viral infection in dogs and their treatment. International Journal of Veterinary Science 2015; 4: 142-144.
  • 13. Houston DM, Ribble CS, Head LL. Risk factors associated with parvovirus enteritis in dogs: 283 cases (1982-1991). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 1996; 208: 542-546.
  • 14. Mason MJ, Gillert NA, Muggenburg BA. Clinical and pathological and epidemiological aspects of canine parvoviral enteritis in an unvaccinated closed beagle colony: 1978-1985. The Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 1987; 23: 183-192.
  • 15. Castro TX, Miranda SC, Labarthe NV, Silva LE, Cubel Garcia RCN. Clinical and epidemiological aspects of canine parvovirus (CPV) enteritis in the state of Rio de Janeiro: 1995-2004. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 2007; 59: 333-339.
  • 16. Gisilanbe MJ, Okuwa OA, Joseph ZN, Udo UJ. Risk factors associated with canine parvovirus enteritis in vom and environs. Animal Research International 2005; 2: 366-368.
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  • 46. Otto CM, Rieser TM, Brooks MB, Russell MW. Evidence of hypercoagulability in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 2000; 217: 1500-1504. doi: 10.2460/javma.2000.217.1500.
  • 47. Farrow CS. Radiographic appearance of canine parvovirus enteritis. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 1982; 180: 43-47.
  • 48. Stander N, Wagner WM, Goddard A, Kirberger RM. Ultrasonographic appearance of canine parvoviral enteritis in puppies. Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound 2010; 51:69-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2009.01625.x.
  • 49. Tabor B. Canine parvovirus. Veterinary Technician. 2011; E1-E10.
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  • 51. Parrish CR, Oliver RE, Julian AF, Smith BF, Kyle BH. Pathological and virological observations on canine parvoviral enteritis and myocarditis in the wellington region. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 1980; 28: 238-241. doi: 10.1080/00480169.1980.34765.
  • 52. Er C. Parvoviral enteritisli köpeklerde kalp biyomarkırları ve pıhtılaşma profilleri üzerine araştırma, Doktora Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya 2013; s. 33. (thesis in Turkish).
  • 53. Decaro N, Desario C, Beall MJ, Cavalli A, Campolo M, et al. Detection of canine parvovirus type 2c by a commercially available in-house rapid test. The Veterinary Journal 2010; 184: 373-375. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.04.006.
  • 54. Schmitz S, Coenen C, Konig M, Thiel HJ, Neiger R. Comparison of three rapid commercial canine parvovirus antigen detection tests with electron microscopy and polymerase chain reaction. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 2009; 21: 344-345. doi: 10.1177/104063870902100306.
  • 55. Bird L, Tappin S. Canine parvovirus: Where are we in the 21st century? Companion Animal 2013; 18: 142-146. doi: 10.12968/coan.2013.18.4.142.
  • 56. Otto CM, Drobatz KJ, Soter C. Endotoxemia and tumor necrosis factor activity in dogs with naturally occurring parvoviral enteritis. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 1997; 11: 65-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.1997.tb00075.x.
  • 57. Goddard A, Leisewitz AL, Christopher MM, Duncan NM, Becker PJ. Prognostic usefulness of blood leukocyte changes in canine parvoviral enteritis. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 2008; 22: 309-316. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2008.0073.x.
  • 58. Schoeman JP, Goddard A, Herrtage ME. Serum cortisol and thyroxine concentrations as predictors of death in critically ill puppies with parvoviral diarrhea. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 2007; 231:1534-1539. doi: 10.2460/javma.231.10.1534.
  • 59. Chalifoux NV, Parker SE, Cosford KL. Prognostic indicators at presentation for canine parvoviral enteritis: 322 cases (2001-2018). Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care 2021; 31: 402-413. doi: 10.1111/vec.13052.
  • 60. Mischke R, Barth T, Wohlsein P, Rohn K, Nolte I. Effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rh G-CSF) on leukocyte count and survival rate of dogs with parvoviral enteritis. Research in Veterinary Science 2001; 70: 221-225. doi: 10.1053/rvsc.2001.0464.
  • 61. Dimmitt R. Clinical experience with cross-protective anti-endotoxin antiserum in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. Canine Practice 1991; 16: 23-26.
  • 62. Otto CM, Jackson CB, Rogell EJ, Prior RB, Ammons WS. Recombinant bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (rBPI21) for treatment of parvovirus enteritis: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 2001; 15: 355-360. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2001.tb02329.x.
  • 63. Savigny MR, Macintire DK. Use of oseltamivir in the treatment of canine parvoviral enteritis. Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care 2010; 20: 132-142. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-4431.2009.00404.x.
  • 64. de Mari K, Maynard L, Eun HM, Lebreux B. Treatment of canine parvoviral enteritis with interferon-omega in a placebo-controlled field trial. Veterinary Record 2003; 152: 105-108. doi: 10.1136/vr.152.4.105.
  • 65. Lobetti RG, Joubert KE, Picard J, Carstens J, Pretorius E. Bacterial colonization of intravenous catheters in young dogs suspected to have parvoviral enteritis. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 2002; 220: 1321-1324. doi: 10.2460/javma.2002.220.1321.
  • 66. Anastasio JD, Fletcher DJ, Rozanski EA. Crystalloid fluid therapy. Bonagura JD, Twedt D. eds. In: Kirk’s Current Veterinary Therapy. St Louis, MO: Elsevier, 2014; pp. 2-7.
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  • 68. Rudloff E, Kirby R. Colloid fluid therapy. Bonagura JD, Twedt D. eds. In: Kirk’s Current Veterinary Therapy XV. St Louis, MO: Elsevier, 2014; pp. 8-14.
  • 69. Mylonakis ME, Kalli I, Rallis TS. Canine parvoviral enteritis: An update on the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Veterinary Medicine: Research and Reports 2016; 7: 91-100. doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S80971.
  • 70. DiBartola SP, Autran de Morais H. Disorders of potassium: Hypokalemia and hyperkalemia. DiBartola SP. eds. In: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Disorders In Small Animal Practice. St Louis, MO: Elsevier, 2006; pp. 91-121.
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  • 74. Kataria D, Agnihotri D, Jain VK, Charaya G, Singh Y. Molecular occurrence and therapeutic management of canine parvovirus infection in dogs. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 2020; 9: 1770-1779.
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  • 76. Pereira GQ, Gomes LA, Santos IS, Alfieri AF, Weese JS, et al. Fecal microbiota transplantation in puppies with canine parvovirus infection. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 2018; 32: 707-711. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15072.
  • 77. Kumar R, Kumar B, Kumar S, Kumari A. Comparative evaluation of therapeutic modules for treatment of parvoviral gastroenteritis in dogs. Journal of Animal Research 2020; 10: 673- 676.
  • 78. Naveenkumar V, Bharathi MV, Nagarajan B. Heterogenous immunoglobuliny (IgY) therapy: A new modality in canine parvovirus enteritis treatment. Indian Veterinary Journal 2019; 96: 76 - 77.
  • 79. Kotb AM, Abdel Aziz WR. Efficacy of canine parvovirus hyperimmune serum prepared in horses for treatment of canine parvo and feline panleucopenia infections. Benha Veterinary Medical Journal 2015; 28: 34-39.
  • 80. Rishikesavan R, Palanivel KM, Saravanajayam M. Successful treatment of canine parvoviral infection with imunoglobulins in a pup. The Pharma Innovation Journal 2021; 10: 27-28.
  • 81. Arslan HH, Aksu DS, Terzi G, Nisbet C. Therapeutic effects of probiotic bacteria in parvoviral enteritis in dogs. Revue de Médecine Vétérinaire 2012; 163: 55-59.
  • 82. Abdel-Rhman AA, El Balkemy FA, Abouzeid NZ, Edries SM. The efficacy of pind-orf with canine parvovirus vaccines in the protection of experimentally challenged puppies against the newly identified CPV-2a virus. Zagazig Veterinary Journal 2020; 48: 57-66. doi: 10.21608/zvjz.2019.15808.1072.
  • 83. Meunier PC, Cooper BJ, Appel MJ, Lanieu ME, Slauson DO. Pathogenesis of canine parvovirus enteritis: Sequential virus distribution and passive immunization studies. Veterinary Pathology 1985; 22: 617-624. doi: 10.1177/030098588502200617.
  • 84. Armenise A, Trerotoli P, Cirone F, De Nitto A, De Sario C, et al. Use of recombinant canine granulocyte-colony stimulating factor to increase leukocyte count in dogs naturally infected by canine parvovirus. Veterinary Microbiology 2019; 231: 177-182. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.03.015.
  • 85. Martin V, Najbar W, Gueguen S, Grousson D, Eun HM, et al. Treatment of canine parvoviral enteritis with interferon-omega in a placebo-controlled challenge trial. Veterinary Microbiology 2002; 89: 115-127. doi: 10.1016/s0378-1135(02)00173-6.
  • 86. Duffy A, Dow S, Ogilvie G, Rao S, Hackett T. Hematologic improvement in dogs with parvovirus infection treated with recombinant canine granulocyte-colony stimulating factor. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2010; 33: 352-356. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2009.01153.x.
  • 87. Schaudien D, Polizopoulou Z, Koutinas A, Schwab S, Porombka D, et al. Leukoencephalopathy associated with parvovirus infection in cretan hound puppies. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2010; 48: 3169-3175. doi: 10.1128/JCM.01582-09.
  • 88. Albaz AZ, Sayed-Ahmed M, Younis E, Khodier M. Investigation of the antiviral effect of acyclovir on canine parvovirus infection. Pharmacy & Pharmacology International Journal 2015; 2: 36-39. doi: 10.15406/ppij.2015.02.00014.
  • 89. Zhou H, Su X, Lin L, Zhang J, Qi Q, et al. Inhibitory effects of antiviral drug candidates on canine parvovirus in F81 cells. Viruses 2019; 11: 742. Doi: 10.3390/v11080742.
  • 90. Yalcin E, Keser GO. Comparative efficacy of metoclopramide, ondansetron and maropitant in preventing parvoviral enteritis-induced emesis in dogs. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2017; 40: 599-603. doi: 10.1111/jvp.12396.
Toplam 90 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Veteriner Bilimleri
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Ömer Aydın 0000-0001-9444-1904

Akın Kırbaş 0000-0001-9159-3240

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 9 Ekim 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Aydın Ö, Kırbaş A. Köpeklerin Parvovirüs Enfeksiyonunda Tedavi Uygulamalarına Güncel Yaklaşım. Bozok Vet Sci. 2021;2(2):62-7.