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Yıl 2019, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 33 - 38, 01.01.2019

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Acin C, Martin-Burriel I, Goldmann W, Lyahyai J, Monzin M, Bolea R, Zaragoza P. 2004. Prion protein gene polymorphisms in healthy and scrapie-affected Spanish sheep. Journal of General Virology, 85: 2103-2110, doi: 10.1099/vir.0.80047-0.
  • Acutis PL, Martucci F, D’Angelo A, Peletto S, Colussi S, Maurella C, Lombardi G. 2012. Resistance to classical scrapie in experimentally challenged goats carrying mutation K222 of the prion protein gene. Veterinary Research. 43(8): 1-10, doi: 10.1186/1297-9716-43-8.
  • Anonymous, 2006a. Scrapie info. Alberta Sheep & Wool Commission, (Canada). http://www.absheep.com/scrapie.htm.
  • Anonymous. 2017, Scrapie info Arsoy, interview to the farmers.
  • Anonymous, 2018. interview to the TRNC Veterinary Office.
  • Belt, PBGM, Muileman IH, Schreuder BEC., Bos-de Ruijter J, Gielkens ALJ, Smits MA 1995. Identification of five allelic variants of the sheep PrP gene and their association with natural scrapie. Journal of General Virology, 76: 509-517, doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-76-3-509.
  • Billinis C, Panagiotidis CH, Psychas V, Argyroudis S, Nicolaou A, Leontides S, Sklaviadis T. 2002. Prion protein gene polymorphisms in natural goat scrapie. Journal of General Virology, 83(3): 713-721, doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-83-3-713.
  • Billinis C, Psychas V, Leontides L, Spyrou V, Argyroudis S, Vlemmas I, Papadopoulos O. 2004. Prion protein gene polymorphisms in healthy and scrapie-affected sheep in Greece. Journal of General Virology, 85: 547-554, doi: 10.1099/vir.0.19520-0.
  • Bucalossi C, Cosseddu G, D’Agostino C, Di Bari MA, Chiappini B, Conte M, Vaccari G. 2011. Assessment of the Genetic Susceptibility of Sheep to Scrapie by Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification and Comparison with Experimental Scrapie Transmission Studies. Journal of Virology, 85(16): 8386-8392, doi: 10.1128/JVI.00241-11.
  • Bulut Z, Nizamlıoğlu M, Kurar E. 2014. Investigation of PrP locus polymorphisms in some native Turkish sheep breeds. Eurasian J Vet Sci, 30(3): 145–145, doi: 10.15312/EurasianJVetSci.201436514.
  • Corbière F, Perrin-Chauvineau C, Lacroux C, Costes P, Thomas M, Brémaud I, Andreoletti O. 2013. PrP-associated resistance to scrapie in five highly infected goat herds. Journal of General Virology, 94: 241-245, doi: 10.1099/vir.0.047225-0.
  • EFSA. 2016. The European Union summary report on data of the surveillance of ruminants for the presence of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs).
  • EFSA. 2017. The European Union summary report on surveillance for the presence of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) in 2016.
  • EU report. 2014. Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs).
  • FAO, 2013. http://www.fao.org/3/i4787e/i4787e78.pdf.
  • Fediaevsky A, Calavas D, Gasqui P, Moazami-Goudarzi K, Laurent P, Arsac JN, Moreno C. 2010. Quantitative estimation of genetic risk for atypical scrapie in French sheep and potential consequences of the current breeding programme for resistance to scrapie on the risk of atypical scrapie. Genetics Selection Evolution, 42: 1-7, doi: 10.1186/1297-9686-42-14.
  • Hunter N, Foster JD, Goldmann W, Stear JM, Hope J, Bostock, C. 1996. Natural scrapie in a closed flock of Cheviot sheep occurs only in specific PrP genotypes. Arch Virol, 141: 809-824.
  • Hunter N. 2007. Scrapie: uncertainties, biology and molecular approaches. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1772: 619-628, doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2007.04.007.
  • Hunter N, Moore L, Hosie BD, Dingwall WS, Greig, A. 1997. Association between natural scrapie and PrP genotype in a flock of Suffolk sheep in Scotland. Veterinary Record, 140: 59-63, doi: 10.1136/vr.140.3.59.
  • Leontides S, Psychas V, Argyroudis S, Giannati-Stefanou A, Paschaleri-Papadopoulou E, Manousis T, Sklaviadis T. 2000. A survey of more than 11 years of neurologic diseases of ruminants with special reference to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) in Greece. J Vet Med B, 47: 303-309, doi: 10.1046/j.1439-0450.2000.00348.x.
  • Meydan H, Pehlivan E, Özkan MM, Yildiz MA, Goldmann W. 2017. Prion protein gene polymorphisms in Turkish native goat breeds. Journal of Genetics, 96(2): 299-305, doi: 10.1007/s12041-017-0763-1.
  • Oesch B, Westaway D, Wälchli M, McKinley MP, Kent SBH, Aebersold R, Weissmann, C. 1985. A cellular gene encodes scrapie PrP 27-30 protein. Cell, 40(4): 735-746, doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90333-2.
  • Oner Y, Yesilbag K, Tuncel E, Elmaci C. 2011. Prion protein gene (PrP) polymorphisms in healthy sheep in Turkey. Animal, 5(11): 1728-1733, doi: 10.1017/S1751731111000942.
  • Papasavva-Stylianou P, Kleanthous M, Toumazos P, Mavrikiou P, Loucaides P. 2007. Novel polymorphisms at codons 146 and 151 in the prion protein gene of Cyprus goats, and their association with natural scrapie. Veterinary Journal, 173(2): 459–462, doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2005.09.013.
  • Papasavva-Stylianou P, Windl O, Saunders G, Mavrikiou P, Toumazos P, Kakoyiannis C. 2011. PrP gene polymorphisms in Cyprus goats and their association with resistance or susceptibility to natural scrapie. Veterinary Journal, 187: 245-250, doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.10.015.
  • Republic Of Cyprus Agricultural Research Institute http://www.moa.gov.cy/moa/ari/ari.nsf/page24_en/page24_en?OpenDocument.
  • Ricci A, Allende A, Bolton D, Chemaly M, Davies R, Fernández Escámez PS, Snary E. 2017. Genetic resistance to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) in goats. EFSA Journal, 15(8): 4962, doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4962.
  • TAGEM. 2012. Genetic identification in TRNC sheep breeds in terms of resistance to scrapie disease
  • Ugarte E, Gabıña D. 2004. Recent developments in dairy sheep breeding. Arch Tierz Dummerstorf, 47(Special Issue): 10-17.
  • Un C, Oztabak K, Ozdemir N, Akis I, Mengi A. 2008. Genotyping of PrP gene in native Turkish sheep breeds. Small Ruminant Research, 74(1–3): 260–264, doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2007.06.002.

The Present of Scrapie and the Result of Breeding Program in Europe and Cyprus

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 33 - 38, 01.01.2019

Öz

Scrapie
is a fatal neuro-degenerative disease of sheep and goats belongs to the group
of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSEs). Classical scrapie resistance
and susceptibility are closely related to PrP Gene polymorphism (ARR, ARQ, VRQ,
and AHQ ARH) in sheep. The ARR / ARR genotype is the most resistant. Subsequent
annual testing campaigns among the animals at risk were done in Europe from
2001 to 2015 showed that the goat had at least 16 silent mutation of a specific
study of PrP distribution. In 2014, the test in sheep and goats carried out
under the frame work of the TSE monitoring programs in E.U showed that 1.015
out 325.530 sheep and 1.437 out of 127.016 goats turned out positive to classical
Scrapie. There are Scrapie cases reported in both south and north Cyprus.
Infected herds in Southern Cyprus represent 22.6% (2014) of total active sheep
and goat herds. It has been also known that there are Scrapie cases in Northern
Cyprus although there is no official data recorded. Some sheep breeds have the
highest ARR / ARR allele like Canadian Arcott with 39.3%, Dorset Down with
28.9%, and Polypay with 26.8%. Among the sheep breeds, the Chios has the
highest level of ARR allele with 38% in Turkey and 32.5% in North Cyprus while
the lowest level (5.9%) was seen in Awassi in Turkey. In the TSE eradication
program applied in Europe (2015): 1.When BSE cannot be excluded, all animals
> 18 months killed for destruction shall be tested for TSE.2. When TSE and
atypical Scrapie can be excluded, option A; Killing and complete destruction or
slaughter for human consumption (SHC) of all animals. Option B: Killing and
complete destruction of the susceptible animals only. Option C: No mandatory
killing and complete destruction of animals. In Europe, selected male animals
which have ARR / ARR gene are used in breeding program. As a result of the
breeding programs implemented in Europe; 1108 Scrapie cases reported in 2002
decreased to 685 in 2016.

Kaynakça

  • Acin C, Martin-Burriel I, Goldmann W, Lyahyai J, Monzin M, Bolea R, Zaragoza P. 2004. Prion protein gene polymorphisms in healthy and scrapie-affected Spanish sheep. Journal of General Virology, 85: 2103-2110, doi: 10.1099/vir.0.80047-0.
  • Acutis PL, Martucci F, D’Angelo A, Peletto S, Colussi S, Maurella C, Lombardi G. 2012. Resistance to classical scrapie in experimentally challenged goats carrying mutation K222 of the prion protein gene. Veterinary Research. 43(8): 1-10, doi: 10.1186/1297-9716-43-8.
  • Anonymous, 2006a. Scrapie info. Alberta Sheep & Wool Commission, (Canada). http://www.absheep.com/scrapie.htm.
  • Anonymous. 2017, Scrapie info Arsoy, interview to the farmers.
  • Anonymous, 2018. interview to the TRNC Veterinary Office.
  • Belt, PBGM, Muileman IH, Schreuder BEC., Bos-de Ruijter J, Gielkens ALJ, Smits MA 1995. Identification of five allelic variants of the sheep PrP gene and their association with natural scrapie. Journal of General Virology, 76: 509-517, doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-76-3-509.
  • Billinis C, Panagiotidis CH, Psychas V, Argyroudis S, Nicolaou A, Leontides S, Sklaviadis T. 2002. Prion protein gene polymorphisms in natural goat scrapie. Journal of General Virology, 83(3): 713-721, doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-83-3-713.
  • Billinis C, Psychas V, Leontides L, Spyrou V, Argyroudis S, Vlemmas I, Papadopoulos O. 2004. Prion protein gene polymorphisms in healthy and scrapie-affected sheep in Greece. Journal of General Virology, 85: 547-554, doi: 10.1099/vir.0.19520-0.
  • Bucalossi C, Cosseddu G, D’Agostino C, Di Bari MA, Chiappini B, Conte M, Vaccari G. 2011. Assessment of the Genetic Susceptibility of Sheep to Scrapie by Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification and Comparison with Experimental Scrapie Transmission Studies. Journal of Virology, 85(16): 8386-8392, doi: 10.1128/JVI.00241-11.
  • Bulut Z, Nizamlıoğlu M, Kurar E. 2014. Investigation of PrP locus polymorphisms in some native Turkish sheep breeds. Eurasian J Vet Sci, 30(3): 145–145, doi: 10.15312/EurasianJVetSci.201436514.
  • Corbière F, Perrin-Chauvineau C, Lacroux C, Costes P, Thomas M, Brémaud I, Andreoletti O. 2013. PrP-associated resistance to scrapie in five highly infected goat herds. Journal of General Virology, 94: 241-245, doi: 10.1099/vir.0.047225-0.
  • EFSA. 2016. The European Union summary report on data of the surveillance of ruminants for the presence of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs).
  • EFSA. 2017. The European Union summary report on surveillance for the presence of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) in 2016.
  • EU report. 2014. Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs).
  • FAO, 2013. http://www.fao.org/3/i4787e/i4787e78.pdf.
  • Fediaevsky A, Calavas D, Gasqui P, Moazami-Goudarzi K, Laurent P, Arsac JN, Moreno C. 2010. Quantitative estimation of genetic risk for atypical scrapie in French sheep and potential consequences of the current breeding programme for resistance to scrapie on the risk of atypical scrapie. Genetics Selection Evolution, 42: 1-7, doi: 10.1186/1297-9686-42-14.
  • Hunter N, Foster JD, Goldmann W, Stear JM, Hope J, Bostock, C. 1996. Natural scrapie in a closed flock of Cheviot sheep occurs only in specific PrP genotypes. Arch Virol, 141: 809-824.
  • Hunter N. 2007. Scrapie: uncertainties, biology and molecular approaches. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1772: 619-628, doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2007.04.007.
  • Hunter N, Moore L, Hosie BD, Dingwall WS, Greig, A. 1997. Association between natural scrapie and PrP genotype in a flock of Suffolk sheep in Scotland. Veterinary Record, 140: 59-63, doi: 10.1136/vr.140.3.59.
  • Leontides S, Psychas V, Argyroudis S, Giannati-Stefanou A, Paschaleri-Papadopoulou E, Manousis T, Sklaviadis T. 2000. A survey of more than 11 years of neurologic diseases of ruminants with special reference to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) in Greece. J Vet Med B, 47: 303-309, doi: 10.1046/j.1439-0450.2000.00348.x.
  • Meydan H, Pehlivan E, Özkan MM, Yildiz MA, Goldmann W. 2017. Prion protein gene polymorphisms in Turkish native goat breeds. Journal of Genetics, 96(2): 299-305, doi: 10.1007/s12041-017-0763-1.
  • Oesch B, Westaway D, Wälchli M, McKinley MP, Kent SBH, Aebersold R, Weissmann, C. 1985. A cellular gene encodes scrapie PrP 27-30 protein. Cell, 40(4): 735-746, doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90333-2.
  • Oner Y, Yesilbag K, Tuncel E, Elmaci C. 2011. Prion protein gene (PrP) polymorphisms in healthy sheep in Turkey. Animal, 5(11): 1728-1733, doi: 10.1017/S1751731111000942.
  • Papasavva-Stylianou P, Kleanthous M, Toumazos P, Mavrikiou P, Loucaides P. 2007. Novel polymorphisms at codons 146 and 151 in the prion protein gene of Cyprus goats, and their association with natural scrapie. Veterinary Journal, 173(2): 459–462, doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2005.09.013.
  • Papasavva-Stylianou P, Windl O, Saunders G, Mavrikiou P, Toumazos P, Kakoyiannis C. 2011. PrP gene polymorphisms in Cyprus goats and their association with resistance or susceptibility to natural scrapie. Veterinary Journal, 187: 245-250, doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.10.015.
  • Republic Of Cyprus Agricultural Research Institute http://www.moa.gov.cy/moa/ari/ari.nsf/page24_en/page24_en?OpenDocument.
  • Ricci A, Allende A, Bolton D, Chemaly M, Davies R, Fernández Escámez PS, Snary E. 2017. Genetic resistance to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) in goats. EFSA Journal, 15(8): 4962, doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4962.
  • TAGEM. 2012. Genetic identification in TRNC sheep breeds in terms of resistance to scrapie disease
  • Ugarte E, Gabıña D. 2004. Recent developments in dairy sheep breeding. Arch Tierz Dummerstorf, 47(Special Issue): 10-17.
  • Un C, Oztabak K, Ozdemir N, Akis I, Mengi A. 2008. Genotyping of PrP gene in native Turkish sheep breeds. Small Ruminant Research, 74(1–3): 260–264, doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2007.06.002.
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Reviews
Yazarlar

Meryem Betmezoğlu

Dilek Arsoy

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2019
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Ekim 2018
Kabul Tarihi 7 Aralık 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Betmezoğlu, M., & Arsoy, D. (2019). The Present of Scrapie and the Result of Breeding Program in Europe and Cyprus. Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science, 2(1), 33-38.
AMA Betmezoğlu M, Arsoy D. The Present of Scrapie and the Result of Breeding Program in Europe and Cyprus. BSJ Eng. Sci. Ocak 2019;2(1):33-38.
Chicago Betmezoğlu, Meryem, ve Dilek Arsoy. “The Present of Scrapie and the Result of Breeding Program in Europe and Cyprus”. Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science 2, sy. 1 (Ocak 2019): 33-38.
EndNote Betmezoğlu M, Arsoy D (01 Ocak 2019) The Present of Scrapie and the Result of Breeding Program in Europe and Cyprus. Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science 2 1 33–38.
IEEE M. Betmezoğlu ve D. Arsoy, “The Present of Scrapie and the Result of Breeding Program in Europe and Cyprus”, BSJ Eng. Sci., c. 2, sy. 1, ss. 33–38, 2019.
ISNAD Betmezoğlu, Meryem - Arsoy, Dilek. “The Present of Scrapie and the Result of Breeding Program in Europe and Cyprus”. Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science 2/1 (Ocak 2019), 33-38.
JAMA Betmezoğlu M, Arsoy D. The Present of Scrapie and the Result of Breeding Program in Europe and Cyprus. BSJ Eng. Sci. 2019;2:33–38.
MLA Betmezoğlu, Meryem ve Dilek Arsoy. “The Present of Scrapie and the Result of Breeding Program in Europe and Cyprus”. Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science, c. 2, sy. 1, 2019, ss. 33-38.
Vancouver Betmezoğlu M, Arsoy D. The Present of Scrapie and the Result of Breeding Program in Europe and Cyprus. BSJ Eng. Sci. 2019;2(1):33-8.

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