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Can functional foods be used as drugs in the treatment of diseases?

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 19 - 28, 30.06.2021

Öz

Nutrition is among the lifestyle factors that play a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of diseases. Functional foods can reduce the risk of many chronic diseases by changing some physiological processes through accurate bioactive components in their content. Regular consumption of these foods activates antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways, improves insulin sensitivity, and can have
a cholesterol-lowering effect. Mediterranean diet, which includes foods such as fruits, vegetables, oily fish, olive oil, and tree nuts, constitutes an evidence-based dietary model for adequate consumption of functional foods based on their natural nutraceutical content, including polyphenols, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, sterols, pigments, and unsaturated fatty acids. The most reliable method in the prevention and treatment of diseases is nutrition education, which includes physiological and behavioral properties. Functional foods should not be used as a substitute for medical treatment in this approach but should only be a complementary alternative. In this review, we aimed to evaluate the effect of functional food on the prevention and management of chronic disease.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Dhar D, Mohanty A. Gut microbiota and Covid-19 possible link and implications. Virus Res. 2020;285:198018.
  • 2. European Parliament and Council of the European Union. Regulation (EU) No 609/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 June 2013 on food intended for infants and young children, food for special medical purposes, and total diet replacement for weight control and repealing Council Directive 92/52/EEC, Commission Directives 96/8/EC, 1999/21/EC, 2006/125/EC and 2006/141/EC, Directive 2009/39/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Regulations (EC) No 41/2009 and (EC) No 953/2009. eu/legalcontent/EN/ALL/?uri¼celex%3A32013R0609. 2017. Erişim: https://eur-lex.europa. Erişim tarihi: 02.03.2021.
  • 3. Domínguez Díaz L, Fernández-Ruiz V, Cámara M. The frontier between nutrition and pharma: The international regulatory framework of functional foods, food supplements and nutraceuticals. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2020;60(10):1738-46.
  • 4. Adefegha SA. Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals as Dietary Intervention in Chronic Diseases; Novel Perspectives for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. J Diet Suppl. 2018;15(6):977-1009.
  • 5. Crowe KM, Francis C. Position of the academy of nutrition and dietetics: functional foods. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2013;113(8):1096-103.
  • 6. Office of the European Union. Functional foods 2010. Erişim: from:https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/238407ee-0301-4309-9fac e180e33a3f89. Erişim tarihi: 10.02.2021.
  • 7. Yamada K, Sato-Mito N, Nagata J, Umegaki K. Health claim evidence requirements in Japan. J Nutr. 2008;138(6):1192s-8s.
  • 8.International Life Sciences Institute. Perspectives on ILSI’s international activities on functional foods. May 2009.
  • 9.Shimizu M, Hachimura S. Gut as a target for functional food. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 2011;22(12):646-50.
  • 10. Ross S. Functional foods: the Food and Drug Administration perspective. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71(6 Suppl):1735S-8S; discussion 9S-42S.
  • 11.Boyer J, Liu RH. Apple phytochemicals and their health benefits. Nutr J. 2004;3:5.
  • 12. Food and Drug Administration. Guidance for Industry: Food Labeling Guide 2013. Erişim: https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/searchfda-guidance-documents/guidance-industryfood-labeling-guide. Erişim tarihi: 20.03.2021.
  • 13.Gökırmaklı Ç ÜB, Güzel-Seydim ZB,. A new insight of the functional food concept: Postbiotics. Gıda. 2021;46(4):872-82.
  • 14. Arslan Y. Fonksiyonel gıdalara yönelik güvenin satın alma isteği üzerindeki etkisi: Genel sağlık ilgileniminin düzenleyici rolü. Business and Economics Research Journal. 2020;11(1):279-91.
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  • 31.World Health Organization. Global Report on Diabetes 2016. Erişim: http://www.who.int/diabetes/globalreport/en/. Erişim tarihi: 18.03.2021.
  • 32. Fleming GA, Petrie JR, Bergenstal RM, Holl RW, Peters AL, Heinemann L. Diabetes digital app technology: benefits, challenges, and recommendations. A consensus report by the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and the American Diabetes Association (ADA) Diabetes Technology Working Group. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(1): 250-260.
  • 33. Vasto S, Barera A, Rizzo C, Di Carlo M, Caruso C, Panotopoulos G. Mediterranean diet and longevity: an example of nutraceuticals? Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2014;12(5):735-8.
  • 34. Georgoulis M, Kontogianni MD, Yiannakouris N. Mediterranean diet and diabetes: prevention and treatment. Nutrients. 2014;6(4):1406-23.
  • 35. Salas-Salvadó J, Bulló M, Estruch R, Ros E, Covas MI, Ibarrola-Jurado N, et al. Prevention of diabetes with Mediterranean diets: a subgroup analysis of a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2014;160(1):1-10.
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  • 38.Guasch-Ferré M, Merino J, Sun Q, Fitó M, Salas-Salvadó J. Dietary Polyphenols, Mediterranean Diet, Prediabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review of the Evidence. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017:6723931.
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  • 40.Delpino FM, Figueiredo LM. Resveratrol supplementation and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021:1-16.
  • 41. Pollack RM, Barzilai N, Anghel V, Kulkarni AS, Golden A, O’Broin P, et al. Resveratrol improves vascular function and mitochondrial number but not glucose metabolism in older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2017;72(12):1703-9.
  • 42.Ley SH, Hamdy O, Mohan V, Hu FB. Prevention and management of type 2 diabetes: dietary components and nutritional strategies. The Lancet. 2014;383(9933):1999-2007.
  • 43.Virani SS, Alonso A, Aparicio HJ, Benjamin EJ, Bittencourt MS, Callaway CW, et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2021 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2021;143(8):e254-e743.
  • 44. Baumgartner S, Bruckert E, Gallo A, Plat J. The position of functional foods and supplements with a serum LDL-C lowering effect in the spectrum ranging from universal to care-related CVD risk management. Atherosclerosis. 2020;311:116-23.
  • 45. Visioli F, Poli A. Prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis: The use of nutraceuticals and functional foods. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2019.
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Fonksiyonel besinler hastalıkların tedavisinde ilaç olarak kullanılabilir mi?

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 19 - 28, 30.06.2021

Öz

Beslenme, hastalıkların önlenmesinde ve tedavisinde önemli bir rol oynayan yaşam tarzı faktörleri arasında yer almaktadır. Fonksiyonel besinler, içeriğinde yer alan belirli biyoaktif bileşenler aracılığıyla bazı fizyolojik süreçleri değiştirerek birçok kronik hastalık riskini azaltabilmektedir. Bu besinlerin düzenli olarak alımı antioksidan, anti-inflamatuvar yolakları aktifleştirmekte, insülin duyarlılığını geliştirmekte ve kolesterol düşürücü etki gösterebilmektedir. Meyveler, sebzeler, yağlı balıklar, zeytinyağı ve sert kabuklu meyveler gibi besinleri içeren Akdeniz diyeti, polifenoller, terpenoidler, flavonoidler, alkaloidler, steroller, pigmentler ve doymamış yağ asitleri dahil olmak üzere doğal nutrasötik içeriğine dayanan fonksiyonel besinlerin yeterli tüketimi için kanıta dayalı beslenme modelini oluşturmaktadır. Hastalıkları önlemesi ve yönetmesinde en güvenilir yöntem, fizyolojik ve davranışsal bileşenleri içeren bireyselleştirilmiş beslenme eğitimini gerektirmektedir. Fonksiyonel besinler ise bu yaklaşımda medikal tedavinin yerine kullanılmamalı, sadece tamamlayıcı bir alternatif olmalıdır. Bu derleme yazıda, kronik hastalıkların önlenmesi ve tedavi edilmesi sürecinde fonksiyonel besinlerin etkinliğinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Dhar D, Mohanty A. Gut microbiota and Covid-19 possible link and implications. Virus Res. 2020;285:198018.
  • 2. European Parliament and Council of the European Union. Regulation (EU) No 609/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 June 2013 on food intended for infants and young children, food for special medical purposes, and total diet replacement for weight control and repealing Council Directive 92/52/EEC, Commission Directives 96/8/EC, 1999/21/EC, 2006/125/EC and 2006/141/EC, Directive 2009/39/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Regulations (EC) No 41/2009 and (EC) No 953/2009. eu/legalcontent/EN/ALL/?uri¼celex%3A32013R0609. 2017. Erişim: https://eur-lex.europa. Erişim tarihi: 02.03.2021.
  • 3. Domínguez Díaz L, Fernández-Ruiz V, Cámara M. The frontier between nutrition and pharma: The international regulatory framework of functional foods, food supplements and nutraceuticals. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2020;60(10):1738-46.
  • 4. Adefegha SA. Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals as Dietary Intervention in Chronic Diseases; Novel Perspectives for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. J Diet Suppl. 2018;15(6):977-1009.
  • 5. Crowe KM, Francis C. Position of the academy of nutrition and dietetics: functional foods. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2013;113(8):1096-103.
  • 6. Office of the European Union. Functional foods 2010. Erişim: from:https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/238407ee-0301-4309-9fac e180e33a3f89. Erişim tarihi: 10.02.2021.
  • 7. Yamada K, Sato-Mito N, Nagata J, Umegaki K. Health claim evidence requirements in Japan. J Nutr. 2008;138(6):1192s-8s.
  • 8.International Life Sciences Institute. Perspectives on ILSI’s international activities on functional foods. May 2009.
  • 9.Shimizu M, Hachimura S. Gut as a target for functional food. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 2011;22(12):646-50.
  • 10. Ross S. Functional foods: the Food and Drug Administration perspective. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71(6 Suppl):1735S-8S; discussion 9S-42S.
  • 11.Boyer J, Liu RH. Apple phytochemicals and their health benefits. Nutr J. 2004;3:5.
  • 12. Food and Drug Administration. Guidance for Industry: Food Labeling Guide 2013. Erişim: https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/searchfda-guidance-documents/guidance-industryfood-labeling-guide. Erişim tarihi: 20.03.2021.
  • 13.Gökırmaklı Ç ÜB, Güzel-Seydim ZB,. A new insight of the functional food concept: Postbiotics. Gıda. 2021;46(4):872-82.
  • 14. Arslan Y. Fonksiyonel gıdalara yönelik güvenin satın alma isteği üzerindeki etkisi: Genel sağlık ilgileniminin düzenleyici rolü. Business and Economics Research Journal. 2020;11(1):279-91.
  • 15.Helal NA, Eassa HA, Amer AM, Eltokhy MA, Edafiogho I, Nounou MI. Nutraceuticals’ Novel Formulations: The Good, the Bad, the Unknown and Patents Involved. Recent Pat Drug Deliv Formul. 2019;13(2):105-56.
  • 16.Institute of Food Technologists. Functional foods: Opportunities and challenges. March 2005. Erişim: http://www.ift.org/Knowledge-Center/Read IFTpublications/ScienceReports/ ExpertReports/ w/media/ Knowledge%20Center/Science%20Reports/Expert%20Reports/Functional%20Foods/Functionalfoods_expertreport_full.pdf. Erişim tarihi: 15.02.2021.
  • 17.Henry CJ. Functional foods. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010;64(7):657-9.
  • 18.Ohama H, Ikeda H, Moriyama H. Health foods and foods with health claims in Japan. Toxicology. 2006;221(1):95-111.
  • 19.Helkar PB, Sahoo A, Patil N. Review: Food industry by-products used as a functional food ingredients. International Journal of Waste Resources. 2016;6(3):1-6. 20. Codoñer-Franch P, Valls-Bellés V. Citrus as functional foods. Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research. 2010;8:173-84.
  • 21. Özkaya ŞÖ. Yaşam Kalitesi ve Fonksiyonel Besinler. Journal of Health Sciences. 2021;1(1):62-8.
  • 22. Gul K, Singh AK, Jabeen R. Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods: The Foods for the Future World. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2016;56(16):2617-27.
  • 23. Granato D, Barba FJ, Bursać Kovačević D, Lorenzo JM, Cruz AG, Putnik P. Functional Foods: Product Development, Technological Trends, Efficacy Testing, and Safety. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol. 2020;11:93-118.
  • 24.Blüher M. Obesity: global epidemiology and pathogenesis. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2019;15(5):288-98.
  • 25. Matsuda M, Shimomura I. Roles of oxidative stress, adiponectin, and nuclear hormone receptors in obesity-associated insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk. Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation. 2014;19(2):75-88.
  • 26. Marseglia L, Manti S, D’Angelo G, Nicotera A, Parisi E, Di Rosa G, et al. Oxidative stress in obesity: a critical component in human diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2014;16(1):378-400.
  • 27. Torres-Fuentes C, Schellekens H, Dinan TG, Cryan JF. A natural solution for obesity: bioactives for the prevention and treatment of weight gain. A review. Nutr Neurosci. 2015;18(2):49-65.
  • 28.Boccellino M, D’Angelo S. Anti-Obesity Effects of Polyphenol Intake: Current Status and Future Possibilities. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(16).
  • 29.Konstantinidi M, Koutelidakis AE. Functional Foods and Bioactive Compounds: A Review of Its Possible Role on Weight Management and Obesity’s Metabolic Consequences. Medicines (Basel). 2019;6(3).
  • 30.Saraf-Bank S, Ahmadi A, Paknahad Z, Maracy M, Nourian M. Effects of curcumin on cardiovascular risk factors in obese and overweight adolescent girls: a randomized clinical trial. Sao Paulo Med J. 2019;137(5):414-22.
  • 31.World Health Organization. Global Report on Diabetes 2016. Erişim: http://www.who.int/diabetes/globalreport/en/. Erişim tarihi: 18.03.2021.
  • 32. Fleming GA, Petrie JR, Bergenstal RM, Holl RW, Peters AL, Heinemann L. Diabetes digital app technology: benefits, challenges, and recommendations. A consensus report by the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and the American Diabetes Association (ADA) Diabetes Technology Working Group. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(1): 250-260.
  • 33. Vasto S, Barera A, Rizzo C, Di Carlo M, Caruso C, Panotopoulos G. Mediterranean diet and longevity: an example of nutraceuticals? Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2014;12(5):735-8.
  • 34. Georgoulis M, Kontogianni MD, Yiannakouris N. Mediterranean diet and diabetes: prevention and treatment. Nutrients. 2014;6(4):1406-23.
  • 35. Salas-Salvadó J, Bulló M, Estruch R, Ros E, Covas MI, Ibarrola-Jurado N, et al. Prevention of diabetes with Mediterranean diets: a subgroup analysis of a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2014;160(1):1-10.
  • 36. Alkhatib A, Tsang C, Tiss A, Bahorun T, Arefanian H, Barake R, et al. Functional Foods and Lifestyle Approaches for Diabetes Prevention and Management. Nutrients. 2017;9(12).
  • 37. Delpino FM, Figueiredo LM, da Silva BGC, da Silva TG, Mintem GC, Bielemann RM, et al. Omega-3 supplementation and diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021:1-14.
  • 38.Guasch-Ferré M, Merino J, Sun Q, Fitó M, Salas-Salvadó J. Dietary Polyphenols, Mediterranean Diet, Prediabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review of the Evidence. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017:6723931.
  • 39.Saibandith B, Spencer JPE, Rowland IR, Commane DM. Olive Polyphenols and the Metabolic Syndrome. Molecules. 2017;22(7).
  • 40.Delpino FM, Figueiredo LM. Resveratrol supplementation and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021:1-16.
  • 41. Pollack RM, Barzilai N, Anghel V, Kulkarni AS, Golden A, O’Broin P, et al. Resveratrol improves vascular function and mitochondrial number but not glucose metabolism in older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2017;72(12):1703-9.
  • 42.Ley SH, Hamdy O, Mohan V, Hu FB. Prevention and management of type 2 diabetes: dietary components and nutritional strategies. The Lancet. 2014;383(9933):1999-2007.
  • 43.Virani SS, Alonso A, Aparicio HJ, Benjamin EJ, Bittencourt MS, Callaway CW, et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2021 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2021;143(8):e254-e743.
  • 44. Baumgartner S, Bruckert E, Gallo A, Plat J. The position of functional foods and supplements with a serum LDL-C lowering effect in the spectrum ranging from universal to care-related CVD risk management. Atherosclerosis. 2020;311:116-23.
  • 45. Visioli F, Poli A. Prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis: The use of nutraceuticals and functional foods. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2019.
  • 46.Arnett DK, Blumenthal RS, Albert MA, Buroker AB, Goldberger ZD, Hahn EJ, et al. 2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2019;140(11):e596-e646.
  • 47. Luna-Castillo KP, Lin S, Muñoz-Valle JF, Vizmanos B, López-Quintero A, Márquez-Sandoval F. Functional Food and Bioactive Compounds on the Modulation of the Functionality of HDL-C: A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2021;13(4).
  • 48. Hernáez Á, Sanllorente A, Castañer O, MartínezGonzález M, Ros E, Pintó X, et al. Increased consumption of virgin olive oil, nuts, legumes, whole grains, and fish promotes HDL functions in humans. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2019;63(6):e1800847.
  • 49.Pastor-Villaescusa B, Rangel-Huerta OD, Aguilera CM, Gil A. A systematic review of the efficacy of bioactive compounds in cardiovascular disease: Carbohydrates, active lipids and nitrogen compounds. Ann Nutr Metab. 2015;66(2-3):168-81.
  • 50.Bawa SH HA, Myszkowska-Ryciak J, Gajewska D,Webb M,. The role of selected bioactive compounds in teas, spices, cocoa and coffee in body weight control. Polish Journal of Applied Sciences. 2015;1:56-66. 51.Wang P, Zhang Q, Hou H, Liu Z, Wang L, Rasekhmagham R, et al. The effects of pomegranate supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Complement Ther Med. 2020;49:102358.
  • 52.Cole JH, Marioni RE, Harris SE, Deary IJ. Brain age and other bodily ‘ages’: implications for neuropsychiatry. Mol Psychiatry. 2019;24(2):266-81.
  • 53.Teleanu RI, Chircov C, Grumezescu AM, Volceanov A, Teleanu DM. Antioxidant therapies for neuroprotection-A review. J Clin Med. 2019;8(10).
  • 54.Cenini G, Lloret A, Cascella R. Oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases: From a mitochondrial point of view. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019;2019:2105607.
  • 55. Singh A, Kukreti R, Saso L, Kukreti S. Oxidative stress: A key modulator in neurodegenerative diseases. Molecules. 2019;24(8).
  • 56. Cascella M, Bimonte S, Muzio MR, Schiavone V, Cuomo A. The efficacy of Epigallocatechin3-gallate (green tea) in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: an overview of pre-clinical studies and translational perspectives in clinical practice. Infect Agent Cancer. 2017;12:36.
  • 57.Colizzi C. The protective effects of polyphenols on Alzheimer’s disease: A systematic review. Alzheimers Dement (N Y). 2019;5:184-96.
  • 58.Moretti R, Peinkhofer C. B vitamins and fatty acids: What do they share with small vessel disease-related dementia? Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(22).
  • 59.Dutta S, Ali KM, Dash SK, Giri B. Role of nutraceuticals on health promotion and disease prevention: A review. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2018;8(4):42-7.
  • 60. Ahmad T, Khan M, Haroon, Musa TH, Nasir S, Hui J, et al. COVID-19: Zoonotic aspects. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2020;36:101607.
  • 61.Tadesse SA, Emire SA. Production and processing of antioxidant bioactive peptides: A driving force for the functional food market. Heliyon. 2020;6(8):e04765.
  • 62.Rahman MM, Mosaddik A, Alam AK. Traditional foods with their constituent’s antiviral and immune system modulatingproperties. Heliyon. 2021;7(1):e05957.
  • 63.Yimer EM, Tuem KB, Karim A, Ur-Rehman N, Anwar F. Nigella sativa L. (Black Cumin): A promising natural remedy for wide range of illnesses. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019;2019:1528635.
  • 64.Gautret P, Lagier JC, Parola P, Hoang VT, Meddeb L, Mailhe M, et al. Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;56(1):105949.
  • 65.Anywar G, Kakudidi E, Byamukama R, Mukonzo J, Schubert A, Oryem-Origa H. Data on medicinal plants used by herbalists for boosting immunity in people living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda. Data Brief. 2020;29:105097.
  • 66.Mishra S, Pandey A, Manvati S. Coumarin: An emerging antiviral agent. Heliyon. 2020;6(1):e03217.
Toplam 64 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Gözde Ede 0000-0002-0702-0878

Halil Yalçın 0000-0003-2162-2418

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Ede G, Yalçın H. Can functional foods be used as drugs in the treatment of diseases?. SBGY. 2021;3(1):19-28.