Zorlamalı Tüy Dökümü programlarında Kekik ve L-Karnitin Kullanılmasının Yumurta Tavuklarında İkinci Yumurtlama Periyodu Verim Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi
Öz
Bu çalışma, ticari yumurta tavuklarının kekik
yaprakları ve L-karnitin katkılı yonca unu veya düşük sodyum-kalsiyum (Na-Ca)
içeriğine sahip rasyonlarla tüy dökümüne sokulması ve tüy dökümü sonrasında ikinci
yumurtlama dönemi verim parametreleri üzerine olan etkilerinin belirlenmesi
amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneme, zorlanım
uygulanmayan ve yem katkı maddeleri kullanılmayan bir negatif kontrol grubu (K); biri yem çekmeli olmak üzere 3 adet
zorlamalı tüy dökümü metodu uygulanan deneme grupları (M: Mermer tozu, A: Yonca,
F: Düşük Na-Ca içerikli yem),
zorlanım uygulanan gruplara yem ilavesi olarak L-karnitin (C) (100 ppm) ve kurutulmuş kekik (O) (%5) yapraklarının belirlenen oranlarda ayrı ayrı (MC, AC, FC, MO, AO, FO) ve birlikte
kullanıldığı (50 ppm; %2,5) gruplar (MCO,
ACO, FCO,) olmak üzere, her grupta 6 tekerrür ve tekerrür gruplarında 15
adet hayvan olacak şekilde toplam 1170 adet yumurta tavuğunda ve 13 grupta
yürütülmüştür. Denemede kullanılan tüm
tavuklar ikinci verim döneminde ticari yumurta tavuğu yemiyle beslenmişlerdir. Araştırma,
22 günlük zorlanım süresi sonrasında 98 gün boyunca sürdürülmüştür. Performans parametreleri (yumurta kalite
parametreleri dışında) 14 günlük periyotlar halinde ölçülmüştür. Gruplar
arasındaki ortalama yumurta verimleri değerlendirildiğinde, FCO grubu haricinde tüm deneme
gruplarının verimleri kontrol grubuna göre önemli ölçüde yüksek bulunmuştur.
Araştırmada ölçülen tüm parametreler esas alındığında, sonuç olarak,
yonca ununun, geleneksel yem çekme metoduna alternatif olabileceği, yonca
unuyla yapılan tüy dökümü yöntemi sonrası verim döneminde rasyona ilave olarak
L-karnitin ve kurutulmuş kekik yapraklarının bir arada katılmasının performans
üzerine olumlu etkiler gösterebileceği kanısına varılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kekik L-karnitin yumurta tavuğu yumurta verimi zorlamalı tüy dökümü
Kaynakça
- 1.Akşit M, Yalçın S, Karul AB. Physiological stress parameters during food withdrawal period in force moulted hen. Arch Geflügelkd 2003; 67: 212-216.
- 2.Alodan MA, Mashaly MM. Effect of Induced Molting in Laying Hens on Production and Immune Paramaters. Poult Sci 1999; 78: 171- 177.
- 3. AOAC. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1984; 14 th ed., Inc., Arlington, Virginia.
- 4.Aygun A. The investigation of response of different hybrid laying hen to withdraval molting according to egg production and quality, PhD Thesis, Selçuk Univ Fen Bil Ens, Konya 2007.
- 5.Aygun A, Yetisir R. Researches on the responses of different hybrid layers with respect to egg production performances to forced molting programs with and without feed withdrawal. J Anim Vet Adv 2009; 8(12): 2680-2686.
- 6.Bar A. Razaphkovsky, V., Shinder, D. and Vax, E. Alternative procedures for molt ınduction. Practical aspects. Poult Sci 2003; 82:543-550.
- 7.Bar A, Razaphkovsky V, Wax E, Malka Y. Effect of age at molting on postmolting performance. Poult Sci 2001; 80:874-878.
- 8.Bell DD, Kuney DR. Effect of fasting and post-fast diets on performance in molted flocks. J Appl Poult Res 1992; 1:200-206.
- 9.Bell DD. An alternative molting procedure. UC research for Non-feed-removal molting. (A supplement to “Farm Evaluation of Alternative Molting Procedures”: Bell, D.D., and D.R. Kuney, J Appl Poult Res 2004; 13: 673-679). [web: http : // animalscience. ucdavis. edu/avian / pip41. Pdf ]. Access: 08/2011.
- 10.Biggs PE, Persia ME, Koelkebeck KW, Parsons CM. Further evaluation of nonfeed removal methods for molting programs. Poult Sci 2004; 83:745-752.
- 11.Card LE, Nesheim MC Poultry Production . 11. ed., Lea and Febiger,1972, Philadelphia.
- 12.Carey JB, Brake JT. Induced Molting of Commercial Layers. Poult Sci and Technology Guide, 1989, No:10, NC State University, Raleigh, NC.
- 13.Gongruttananun N, Saengkudrua K. Responses of laying hens to induce molting procedures using cassava meal of variable length with or without recovery period. Agric Nat Res 2016; 50:400-407.
- 14.Gulhan T, Oztabak K, Hasret D, Toker N, Matur E. The effect of vitamin E on cellular immune responses in laying hens forced-moulted by different methods. Arch Geflügelk 2006; 70 (1): 28–34.
- 15.Hurwitz S, Wax E, Nisenbaum Y, Ben Moshe M, Plavnik I. The response of laying hens to induced molt as affected by strain and age. Poult Sci 1998; 77:22–31.
- 16.Keshavarz K, Quimby FW. An investigation of different molting techniques with an emphasis on animal welfare. J Appl Poult Res 2002; 11:54–67.
- 17.Khan RU, Zia-ur Rahman, Javed I, Muhammad F. Effect of vitamins, probiotics and protein on semen traits in post-molt male broiler breeders. Anim Reproduct Sci 2012; 135: 85–90.
- 18.Khoshoei EA, Khajali F. Alternative Induced-Molting Methods for continuoes Feed withdrawal and their Infiuence on postmolt performance of laying Hens. Int J Poult Sci 2006; 5(1): 47-50.
- 19.Koelkebeck KW, Anderson KE. Molting layers-Alternative methods and their effectiveness. Poult Sci 2007; 86: 1260-1264.
- 20.Kuçukyilmaz K, Erensayin C, Orhan H. The effects of different fasting time on egg production and egg internal and external quality post molted laying hen. Akdeniz Üniv Ziraat Fak Derg 2003; 16(2):199-210.
- 21.Minoura M, Ohguchi H, Ito H, Noda K, Kato Y. Investigation on induced molting without fasting by feeding the diets which were mainly composed of the wheat bran or the deffatted rice bran in hens. Res Bulletin of the Aichi-ken Agric Res Center, 2005; 31: 173-179 (sum.)
- 22.Molino AB, Garcia EA, Berto DA, Pelícia K, Silva AP, Vercese F. The effects of alternative forced-molting methods on the performance and egg quality of commercial layers. Brazilian J Poult Sci 2009;11,2: 109 – 113.
- 23. National Research Council (NRC). Nutrient requirement of poultry. 1994; 9th Revised Edition, National Academy Pres, Washington, DC.
- 24.Petek M. The effect of different molting programmes on main yields in the commericial laying hen. UÜ Vet Fak Derg 2001;20: 39-44.
- 25.Rafeeq MI, Rashid NI, Awan MAI, Tariq MMI, Abbas FI, Ahmed ZI, Taj I. Effect of Forced Molting on Body Characteristics and Post-Molting Egg Production Performance of Layers in Quetta, Pakistan. Brazilian J Poult Sci 2013; v.15 / n.4 / 347-352.
- 26.Rauch W Die elastische Verformung von Hühnereiem als MaBstab fiir die Beurteilung der Schalenstabilitat. Arch Geflugelk 1965; 29: 467-477.
- 27.SAS JMPTM5.0.1a Statistical and Graphic Guide. 2002;A Business Unit of SAS 1989-2002. Cary, NC, USA.
- 28.Thirunavukkarasu P, Moorthy M, Viswanathan K. Body Weight Changes of Single Comb White Leghorn Layers at Different Ages During Induced Moult. Int J Poult Sci 2007; 6,12: 858-859.
- 29.Wu, G, Gunawardana P, Bryant MM, Voitle RA, Roland DA. Effect of molting methods and dietary energy on postmolt performance, egg components, egg solid, and egg quality in Bovans White and Dekalb White hens during second cycle phases two and three. Poult Sci 2007; 86 (5) page: 869-876.
- 30.Yılmaz B, Sahan U. The Effects of Different Forced Molting Methods on Egg Production and Egg Quality in Egg Layers. 11th European Poultry Conference, 2002; 06-10 September 2002, Bremen Germany.
The Effects of Using Oregano and L-Carnitine on Second Phase Laying Performance Parameters of Force Molting Programs in Laying Hens
Öz
This study was carried out to use Oregano leaf and L-carnitine as an
alternative feed additives in alfalfa flour or low Sodium-Calcium (Na-Ca) diet
and to determine their effect on second phase laying period after force molting
in commercial laying hens. A total of 1170 birds were divided into 13 groups
which were further subdivided into 6 replicates having 15 birds in each. A
negative control group (K) which was
neither forced molted nor provided with any feed additive substances in their
diets Moreover, other three treatment groups (M: Marbel powder, A:
Alfalfa, F: Low Ca-Na diet), were
forced molted and one withhold feeding group was used for the study; the forced
molted groups were supplied L-carnitine (C)
(100 ppm) and Oregano leaves (O) (5%)
as a feed additive in designed individual diets (MC, AC, FC, MO, AO, FO )
alone and in combination (50 ppm; 2.5%) in groups (MCO, ACO, FCO). All hens were feeding with commercial feeds during
the second laying phase.The
trial was 98 days after 22 days of forcing stage. Performance
parameters (except egg quality) were measured during 14 days periods. In the
results, eggs yield values were found significantly higher (P<0.01) among
the treatment groups over control group. It was concluded that supplementing
L-carnitine and Oregano leaves could be used as an alternative feed additives
in alfalfa meal during feed withdrawal period and their combination also showed
a positive impact on laying performance in laying hens.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1.Akşit M, Yalçın S, Karul AB. Physiological stress parameters during food withdrawal period in force moulted hen. Arch Geflügelkd 2003; 67: 212-216.
- 2.Alodan MA, Mashaly MM. Effect of Induced Molting in Laying Hens on Production and Immune Paramaters. Poult Sci 1999; 78: 171- 177.
- 3. AOAC. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1984; 14 th ed., Inc., Arlington, Virginia.
- 4.Aygun A. The investigation of response of different hybrid laying hen to withdraval molting according to egg production and quality, PhD Thesis, Selçuk Univ Fen Bil Ens, Konya 2007.
- 5.Aygun A, Yetisir R. Researches on the responses of different hybrid layers with respect to egg production performances to forced molting programs with and without feed withdrawal. J Anim Vet Adv 2009; 8(12): 2680-2686.
- 6.Bar A. Razaphkovsky, V., Shinder, D. and Vax, E. Alternative procedures for molt ınduction. Practical aspects. Poult Sci 2003; 82:543-550.
- 7.Bar A, Razaphkovsky V, Wax E, Malka Y. Effect of age at molting on postmolting performance. Poult Sci 2001; 80:874-878.
- 8.Bell DD, Kuney DR. Effect of fasting and post-fast diets on performance in molted flocks. J Appl Poult Res 1992; 1:200-206.
- 9.Bell DD. An alternative molting procedure. UC research for Non-feed-removal molting. (A supplement to “Farm Evaluation of Alternative Molting Procedures”: Bell, D.D., and D.R. Kuney, J Appl Poult Res 2004; 13: 673-679). [web: http : // animalscience. ucdavis. edu/avian / pip41. Pdf ]. Access: 08/2011.
- 10.Biggs PE, Persia ME, Koelkebeck KW, Parsons CM. Further evaluation of nonfeed removal methods for molting programs. Poult Sci 2004; 83:745-752.
- 11.Card LE, Nesheim MC Poultry Production . 11. ed., Lea and Febiger,1972, Philadelphia.
- 12.Carey JB, Brake JT. Induced Molting of Commercial Layers. Poult Sci and Technology Guide, 1989, No:10, NC State University, Raleigh, NC.
- 13.Gongruttananun N, Saengkudrua K. Responses of laying hens to induce molting procedures using cassava meal of variable length with or without recovery period. Agric Nat Res 2016; 50:400-407.
- 14.Gulhan T, Oztabak K, Hasret D, Toker N, Matur E. The effect of vitamin E on cellular immune responses in laying hens forced-moulted by different methods. Arch Geflügelk 2006; 70 (1): 28–34.
- 15.Hurwitz S, Wax E, Nisenbaum Y, Ben Moshe M, Plavnik I. The response of laying hens to induced molt as affected by strain and age. Poult Sci 1998; 77:22–31.
- 16.Keshavarz K, Quimby FW. An investigation of different molting techniques with an emphasis on animal welfare. J Appl Poult Res 2002; 11:54–67.
- 17.Khan RU, Zia-ur Rahman, Javed I, Muhammad F. Effect of vitamins, probiotics and protein on semen traits in post-molt male broiler breeders. Anim Reproduct Sci 2012; 135: 85–90.
- 18.Khoshoei EA, Khajali F. Alternative Induced-Molting Methods for continuoes Feed withdrawal and their Infiuence on postmolt performance of laying Hens. Int J Poult Sci 2006; 5(1): 47-50.
- 19.Koelkebeck KW, Anderson KE. Molting layers-Alternative methods and their effectiveness. Poult Sci 2007; 86: 1260-1264.
- 20.Kuçukyilmaz K, Erensayin C, Orhan H. The effects of different fasting time on egg production and egg internal and external quality post molted laying hen. Akdeniz Üniv Ziraat Fak Derg 2003; 16(2):199-210.
- 21.Minoura M, Ohguchi H, Ito H, Noda K, Kato Y. Investigation on induced molting without fasting by feeding the diets which were mainly composed of the wheat bran or the deffatted rice bran in hens. Res Bulletin of the Aichi-ken Agric Res Center, 2005; 31: 173-179 (sum.)
- 22.Molino AB, Garcia EA, Berto DA, Pelícia K, Silva AP, Vercese F. The effects of alternative forced-molting methods on the performance and egg quality of commercial layers. Brazilian J Poult Sci 2009;11,2: 109 – 113.
- 23. National Research Council (NRC). Nutrient requirement of poultry. 1994; 9th Revised Edition, National Academy Pres, Washington, DC.
- 24.Petek M. The effect of different molting programmes on main yields in the commericial laying hen. UÜ Vet Fak Derg 2001;20: 39-44.
- 25.Rafeeq MI, Rashid NI, Awan MAI, Tariq MMI, Abbas FI, Ahmed ZI, Taj I. Effect of Forced Molting on Body Characteristics and Post-Molting Egg Production Performance of Layers in Quetta, Pakistan. Brazilian J Poult Sci 2013; v.15 / n.4 / 347-352.
- 26.Rauch W Die elastische Verformung von Hühnereiem als MaBstab fiir die Beurteilung der Schalenstabilitat. Arch Geflugelk 1965; 29: 467-477.
- 27.SAS JMPTM5.0.1a Statistical and Graphic Guide. 2002;A Business Unit of SAS 1989-2002. Cary, NC, USA.
- 28.Thirunavukkarasu P, Moorthy M, Viswanathan K. Body Weight Changes of Single Comb White Leghorn Layers at Different Ages During Induced Moult. Int J Poult Sci 2007; 6,12: 858-859.
- 29.Wu, G, Gunawardana P, Bryant MM, Voitle RA, Roland DA. Effect of molting methods and dietary energy on postmolt performance, egg components, egg solid, and egg quality in Bovans White and Dekalb White hens during second cycle phases two and three. Poult Sci 2007; 86 (5) page: 869-876.
- 30.Yılmaz B, Sahan U. The Effects of Different Forced Molting Methods on Egg Production and Egg Quality in Egg Layers. 11th European Poultry Conference, 2002; 06-10 September 2002, Bremen Germany.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Aralık 2019 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 26 Aralık 2017 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 11 Şubat 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 3 |
Kaynak Göster
https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/journal-file/20610
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