Öz
Bu araştırma broyler rasyonlarına farklı düzeylerde ilave edilen betainin besi performansı, karkas, bazı iç organ ağırıkları ve serum parametreleri üzerine etkilerini araştırmak amacı ile yapılmıştır. Deneme boyunca 1 günlük 192 adet karışık cinsiyette broyler civciv kullanılmıştır. Deneme 1 kontrol ve 3 deneme grubu olmak üzere toplam 4 grupta yürütülmüştür. Tüm gruplar 12 civcivden oluşan 4 alt gruba bölünmüş, her grubun toplam civciv sayısı 48 olarak belir-lenmiştir. Araştırmada boyunca kontrol grubu yemlerine bir katkı ilave edilmemiştir. Deneme grupları rasyonlarına sıra-sıyla 0.3 g/kg (Bet-0.3), 0.5 g/kg (Bet-0.5) ve 0.8 (Bet-0.8) g/kg betain (Betamar®) ilave edilmiştir. Deneme rasyonları izokalorik ve izonitrojenik olarak hazırlanmıştır. Hayvanlara yem ve su ad-libitum verilmiştir. Araştırmada deneme grup-larına 1-21. güne kadar %23 ham protein (HP): 3000 kcal/kg metabolik enerji (ME), 21- 42.güne kadar ise %20HP ve 3224 kcal/kg ME içeren rasyonlar verilmiştir.Araştırma sonunda, kontrol grubuna göre, deneme gruplarında canlı ağırlık (CA) ve canlı ağırlık artışı (CAA) bakımından istatistiksel farklılık görülmüştür (P<0.05). En yüksek canlı ağırlık ve canlı ağırlık artışının rasyonlarına 0.8 g/kg betain ilavesi yapılan grupta olduğu belirlenmiştir. Deneme sonu itibari ile yem tüketimi, yemden yararlanma oranı, karkas özellikleri, bazı iç organ ağırlıkları ve serum kan parametreleri bakımından istatistiksel olarak farklılık bulunmamıştır (P>0.05).Sonuç olarak; broyler karma yemlerine 0.8 g/kg betain ilavesinin besi performansını olumlu etkileyebildiği ve güvenle kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- AOAC. Official methods of analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists Arlington, Virginia; 1990.
- Attia Y, Hassan R, Shehatta M, Abd-El-Hady SB. Growth, carcass quality and serum constituents of slow growing chicks as affected by betaine addition to diets containing 2. Different levels of methionine. Int J Poult Sci 2005; 4(11): 856-65.
- Awad A, Fahim H, Ibrahim A, Beshara M. Effect of dietary betaine supplementation on productive and reproductive performance of Domyati ducks under summer conditions. Egyptian Poult Sci J 2014; 34(2): 453-74.
- Baghaei M, Eslami M, Chaji M, Mamoue M, Bojar-pour M. Effect of different levels of dl-methionine replaced with betain on some of blood parameters on broiler chickens. J Anim Vet Adv 2011; 10(6): 777-9.
- Chand N, Naz S, Maris H, Khan RU, Khan S, Qureshi MS. Effect of betaine supplementation on the per-formance and immune response of heat stressed broilers. Pak J Zool 2017; 49(5): 1857-62. Cromwell G, Lindemann M, Randolph J, Monegue H, Laurent K, Parker G. Efficacy of betaine as a carcass modi-fier in finishing pigs fed normal and reduced energy diets. J Anim Sci 1999; 77: 179.
- DasSarma S, Berquist BR, Coker JA, DasSarma P, Müller JA. Post-genomics of the model haloarchae-on Halobacterium sp. NRC-1. Saline Syst 2006; 2(1): 3.
- Eklund M, Bauer E, Wamatu J, Mosenthin R. Poten-tial nutritional and physiological functions of betaine in livestock. Nutr Res Rev 2005; 18(1): 31-48.
- Eklund M, Mosenthin R, Tafaj M, Wamatu J. Effects of betaine and condensed molasses solubles on nitrogen balance and nutrient digestibility in piglets fed diets deficient in methionine and low in compat-ible osmolytes. Arch Anim Nutr 2006; 60(4): 289-300.
- El-Husseiny OM, A A-E-EM, Abd-Elsamee MO, Mag-da MO, Abd-Elfattah M. Response of broilers per-formance to dietary betaine and folic acid at differ-ent methionine levels. Int J Poult Sci 2007; 6(7): 515-23.
- El-Shinnawy A. Effect of betaine supplementation to methionine adequate diet on growth performance, carcass characteristics, some blood parameters and economic efficiency of broilers. J Anim Poult Prod 2015; 6(1): 27-41.
- Esteve-Garcia E, Mack S. The effect of DL-methionine and betaine on growth performance and carcass characteristics in broilers. Anim Feed Sci Tech 2000; 87(1-2): 85-93.
- Fernández-Fígares I, Wray-Cahen D, Steele N, Campbell R, Hall D, Virtanen E, Caperna T. Effect of dietary betaine on nutrient utilization and parti-tioning in the young growing feed-restricted pig. J Anim Sci 2002; 80(2): 421-8.
- Hassan R, Attia Y, El-Ganzory E. Growth, carcass quality and serum constituents of slow growing chicks as affected by betaine addition to diets con-taining 1. Different levels of choline. Int J Poult Sci 2005; 4(11): 840-50.
- Honarbakhsh S, Zaghari M, Shivayad M. Interactive effects of dietary betaine and saline water on car-cass traits of broiler chicks. J Biol Sci 2007; 7: 1208-14.
- Hoşgör İ. İçme sularına katılan betainin broyler besi performansı ve gövde eti parça oranları üzerine etkisi, Doktora tezi, Uludağ Üniv Sağ Bil Ens, Bursa 2003.
- Howe JC, Williams JR, Holden JM, Zeisel SH, Mar MH. USDA database for the choline content of common foods. Maryland: Department of Agricul-ture Agricultural Research Service, 2008; p.17.
- Jahanian R, Rahmani H. The effect of dietary fat level on the response of broiler chicks to betaine and choline supplements. J Biol Sci 2008; 8(2): 362-7.
- Lever M, Slow S. The clinical significance of betaine, an osmolyte with a key role in methyl group metab-olism. Clin Biochem 2010; 43(9): 732-44.
- Matthews J, Ward T, Southern L. Interactive effects of betaine and monensin in uninfected and Eimeria acervulina-infected chicks. Poult Sci 1997; 76(7): 1014-9.
- McDevitt R, Mack S, Wallis I. Can betaine partially replace or enhance the effect of methionine by improving broiler growth and carcase characteris-tics? Br Poultry Sci 2000; 41(4): 473-80.
- Niculescu MD, Zeisel SH. Diet, methyl donors and DNA methylation: interactions between dietary fo-late, methionine and choline. J Nutr 2002; 132(8): 2333-5.
- Noll S, Stangeland V, Speers G, Brannon J, Kalbfleisch J. Betaine and breast meat yield in tur-keys. Proc. Multistate Poultry Nutrition and Feeding Conf. May, 2002; Indianapolis-USA.
- Özsoy B, Ölmez M, Karadağoğlu Ö, Şahin T. Deter-mination of the effect of mixture of essential oil and organic acid containing at different levels on broiler rations on fattening performance, carcass parame-ters and some internal organ weights. Lalahan Hayv Arașt Enst Derg 2017; 57(2): 77-82.
- Pirompud P, Attamangkune S, Bunchasak C, Prom-boon A. Effect of feeding betaine to broilers reared under tropical conditions on performance and car-cass traits. Proceedings of Forty Third Kasetsart University Annual Conference. February, 1-4, -2005; Bangkok-Thailand.
- Remus J. Betaine for increased breast meat yield in turkeys. World Poult 2001; 17: 14-5.
- Sakomura NK, Barbosa NA, Da Silva EP, Longo FA, Kawauchi IM, Fernandes JB. Efeito da suple-mentação de betaína em dietas de frangos de cor-te em condições de termoneutralidade. Agrária 2013; 8(2): 336-41.
- Saunderson CL, Mackinlay J. Changes in body-weight, composition and hepatic enzyme activities in response to dietary methionine, betaine and cho-line levels in growing chicks. Br J Nutr 1990; 63(2): 339-49.
- Schutte J, De Jong J, Smink W, Pack M. Replace-ment value of betaine for DL-methionine in male broiler chicks. Poult Sci 1997; 76(2): 321-5.
- Uzunoğlu K, Yalçın S. Effects of dietary supplemen-tation of betaine and sepiolite supplementation on performance and intestinal health in broilers. Anka-ra Üniv Vet Fak Derg 2019; 66(3): 221-30.
- Virtanen E. Effects of betaine on methionine require-ment of broilers under various environmental condi-tions. Proceedings, Australian Poultry Science Symposium; 1995; 7: 88-92.
- Waldenstedt L, Elwinger K, Thebo P, Uggla A. Effect of betaine supplement on broiler performance dur-ing an experimental coccidial infection. Poult Sci 1999; 78(2): 182-9.
- Wang Y, Xu Z, Feng J. The effect of betaine and DL-methionine on growth performance and carcass characteristics in meat ducks. Anim Feed Sci Tech 2004; 116(1-2): 151-9.
- Xu Z, Yu D, Wang Y. The effects of betaine on wean-ling piglets and its mechanism. J Zhejiang Univ-Sc 1999; 25: 543-6.
- Zhan X, Li J, Xu Z, Zhao R. Effects of methionine and betaine supplementation on growth performance, carcase composition and metabolism of lipids in male broilers. Br Poultry Sci 2006; 47(5): 576-80.
The Effect of Supplementation of Betaine on Performance, Carcass Yield and Some Blood Parameters in Broilers*
Öz
This study aims to investigate the effects of betaine, added to broiler rations at different levels, on fattening performance, carcass, some internal organs weights, and serum parameters. 192 mixed-sex one-day-old broiler chicks were used during the experiment. The experiment was conducted with four groups in total, including one control and three experimental groups. All the groups were divided into four sub-groups, each consisting of 12 chicks, and the total number of chicks in each group was determined to be 48. No additives were added to the feeds of the control group throughout the research. 0.3 g/kg (Bet-0.3), 0.5 g/kg (Bet-0.5) and 0.8 g/kg (Bet-0.8) betaine (Betamar®) were added to the rations of the experimental groups, respectively. Rations were prepared as isocaloric and isonitrogenic. The animals were given feed and water ad-libitum. In the study, The rations containing crude protein (CP) of 23% and3000 kcal/kg metabolic energy (ME)until the day 1-21 and CP of 20% and3224 kcal/kg ME until the day 22-42 days were given in the treatment groups. At the end of the study, statistically significant differences were observed in the experi-mental groups in terms of body weight (BW) and body weight gain (BWG) when compared with the control group. The highest BW and the highest BWG were observed in the Bet-0.8 experimental group. No statistically significant differ-ence was found in terms of feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, carcass characteristics, weights of some internal organs, and serum blood parameters (P>0.05). It was concluded that adding 0.8 g/kg betaine to broiler rations increase fattening performance and can be used safely.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Betaine blood parameters broiler, carcass fattening performance
Kaynakça
- AOAC. Official methods of analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists Arlington, Virginia; 1990.
- Attia Y, Hassan R, Shehatta M, Abd-El-Hady SB. Growth, carcass quality and serum constituents of slow growing chicks as affected by betaine addition to diets containing 2. Different levels of methionine. Int J Poult Sci 2005; 4(11): 856-65.
- Awad A, Fahim H, Ibrahim A, Beshara M. Effect of dietary betaine supplementation on productive and reproductive performance of Domyati ducks under summer conditions. Egyptian Poult Sci J 2014; 34(2): 453-74.
- Baghaei M, Eslami M, Chaji M, Mamoue M, Bojar-pour M. Effect of different levels of dl-methionine replaced with betain on some of blood parameters on broiler chickens. J Anim Vet Adv 2011; 10(6): 777-9.
- Chand N, Naz S, Maris H, Khan RU, Khan S, Qureshi MS. Effect of betaine supplementation on the per-formance and immune response of heat stressed broilers. Pak J Zool 2017; 49(5): 1857-62. Cromwell G, Lindemann M, Randolph J, Monegue H, Laurent K, Parker G. Efficacy of betaine as a carcass modi-fier in finishing pigs fed normal and reduced energy diets. J Anim Sci 1999; 77: 179.
- DasSarma S, Berquist BR, Coker JA, DasSarma P, Müller JA. Post-genomics of the model haloarchae-on Halobacterium sp. NRC-1. Saline Syst 2006; 2(1): 3.
- Eklund M, Bauer E, Wamatu J, Mosenthin R. Poten-tial nutritional and physiological functions of betaine in livestock. Nutr Res Rev 2005; 18(1): 31-48.
- Eklund M, Mosenthin R, Tafaj M, Wamatu J. Effects of betaine and condensed molasses solubles on nitrogen balance and nutrient digestibility in piglets fed diets deficient in methionine and low in compat-ible osmolytes. Arch Anim Nutr 2006; 60(4): 289-300.
- El-Husseiny OM, A A-E-EM, Abd-Elsamee MO, Mag-da MO, Abd-Elfattah M. Response of broilers per-formance to dietary betaine and folic acid at differ-ent methionine levels. Int J Poult Sci 2007; 6(7): 515-23.
- El-Shinnawy A. Effect of betaine supplementation to methionine adequate diet on growth performance, carcass characteristics, some blood parameters and economic efficiency of broilers. J Anim Poult Prod 2015; 6(1): 27-41.
- Esteve-Garcia E, Mack S. The effect of DL-methionine and betaine on growth performance and carcass characteristics in broilers. Anim Feed Sci Tech 2000; 87(1-2): 85-93.
- Fernández-Fígares I, Wray-Cahen D, Steele N, Campbell R, Hall D, Virtanen E, Caperna T. Effect of dietary betaine on nutrient utilization and parti-tioning in the young growing feed-restricted pig. J Anim Sci 2002; 80(2): 421-8.
- Hassan R, Attia Y, El-Ganzory E. Growth, carcass quality and serum constituents of slow growing chicks as affected by betaine addition to diets con-taining 1. Different levels of choline. Int J Poult Sci 2005; 4(11): 840-50.
- Honarbakhsh S, Zaghari M, Shivayad M. Interactive effects of dietary betaine and saline water on car-cass traits of broiler chicks. J Biol Sci 2007; 7: 1208-14.
- Hoşgör İ. İçme sularına katılan betainin broyler besi performansı ve gövde eti parça oranları üzerine etkisi, Doktora tezi, Uludağ Üniv Sağ Bil Ens, Bursa 2003.
- Howe JC, Williams JR, Holden JM, Zeisel SH, Mar MH. USDA database for the choline content of common foods. Maryland: Department of Agricul-ture Agricultural Research Service, 2008; p.17.
- Jahanian R, Rahmani H. The effect of dietary fat level on the response of broiler chicks to betaine and choline supplements. J Biol Sci 2008; 8(2): 362-7.
- Lever M, Slow S. The clinical significance of betaine, an osmolyte with a key role in methyl group metab-olism. Clin Biochem 2010; 43(9): 732-44.
- Matthews J, Ward T, Southern L. Interactive effects of betaine and monensin in uninfected and Eimeria acervulina-infected chicks. Poult Sci 1997; 76(7): 1014-9.
- McDevitt R, Mack S, Wallis I. Can betaine partially replace or enhance the effect of methionine by improving broiler growth and carcase characteris-tics? Br Poultry Sci 2000; 41(4): 473-80.
- Niculescu MD, Zeisel SH. Diet, methyl donors and DNA methylation: interactions between dietary fo-late, methionine and choline. J Nutr 2002; 132(8): 2333-5.
- Noll S, Stangeland V, Speers G, Brannon J, Kalbfleisch J. Betaine and breast meat yield in tur-keys. Proc. Multistate Poultry Nutrition and Feeding Conf. May, 2002; Indianapolis-USA.
- Özsoy B, Ölmez M, Karadağoğlu Ö, Şahin T. Deter-mination of the effect of mixture of essential oil and organic acid containing at different levels on broiler rations on fattening performance, carcass parame-ters and some internal organ weights. Lalahan Hayv Arașt Enst Derg 2017; 57(2): 77-82.
- Pirompud P, Attamangkune S, Bunchasak C, Prom-boon A. Effect of feeding betaine to broilers reared under tropical conditions on performance and car-cass traits. Proceedings of Forty Third Kasetsart University Annual Conference. February, 1-4, -2005; Bangkok-Thailand.
- Remus J. Betaine for increased breast meat yield in turkeys. World Poult 2001; 17: 14-5.
- Sakomura NK, Barbosa NA, Da Silva EP, Longo FA, Kawauchi IM, Fernandes JB. Efeito da suple-mentação de betaína em dietas de frangos de cor-te em condições de termoneutralidade. Agrária 2013; 8(2): 336-41.
- Saunderson CL, Mackinlay J. Changes in body-weight, composition and hepatic enzyme activities in response to dietary methionine, betaine and cho-line levels in growing chicks. Br J Nutr 1990; 63(2): 339-49.
- Schutte J, De Jong J, Smink W, Pack M. Replace-ment value of betaine for DL-methionine in male broiler chicks. Poult Sci 1997; 76(2): 321-5.
- Uzunoğlu K, Yalçın S. Effects of dietary supplemen-tation of betaine and sepiolite supplementation on performance and intestinal health in broilers. Anka-ra Üniv Vet Fak Derg 2019; 66(3): 221-30.
- Virtanen E. Effects of betaine on methionine require-ment of broilers under various environmental condi-tions. Proceedings, Australian Poultry Science Symposium; 1995; 7: 88-92.
- Waldenstedt L, Elwinger K, Thebo P, Uggla A. Effect of betaine supplement on broiler performance dur-ing an experimental coccidial infection. Poult Sci 1999; 78(2): 182-9.
- Wang Y, Xu Z, Feng J. The effect of betaine and DL-methionine on growth performance and carcass characteristics in meat ducks. Anim Feed Sci Tech 2004; 116(1-2): 151-9.
- Xu Z, Yu D, Wang Y. The effects of betaine on wean-ling piglets and its mechanism. J Zhejiang Univ-Sc 1999; 25: 543-6.
- Zhan X, Li J, Xu Z, Zhao R. Effects of methionine and betaine supplementation on growth performance, carcase composition and metabolism of lipids in male broilers. Br Poultry Sci 2006; 47(5): 576-80.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Aralık 2020 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 16 Haziran 2020 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 17 Eylül 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 3 |
Kaynak Göster
https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/journal-file/20610
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