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The Effect of Effective Microorganisms and Dandelion Extract on Performance of Calves

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 1, 20 - 29, 01.04.2024

Veli Özbek Berrin Kocaoğlu Güçlü Selma Büyükkılıç Beyzi Mehmet Küçükoflaz

https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.1453325

Öz

In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of effective microorganism (EM) and dandelion extract (KH) on performance [live weight (CA), live weight gain (CAA), feed conversion ratio (FLF), body dimensions] rumen volatile fatty acid in calves. In the study, a total of 80 calves were included in a control group and three experimental groups (with similar breeds (10 Holstein, 10 Simental), age (7±3 days), body weight (40±5 kg), and gender (10 males, 10 females). EM, KH and EM + KH) were divided into four groups with 20 calves in each group. The feeding programs of all the calves in the study were the same, and unlike the control group, the calves in the experimental group were given 10 ml of EM per calf per day, and 5 g of dandelion extract in the KH group, and 10 ml of EM and 5 g KH in the EM + KH group. way drunk. It was determined that the administration of KH, EM or KH+EM to Simmental calves did not significantly affect the performance parameters (CA, CAA, YT, YY), body measurements and rumen VFA (acetic acid, butyric acid, propionic acid) ratio. On the other hand, it was determined that the administration of CH to Holstein calves significantly increased feed consumption. It was determined that the administration of CH to Holstein calves in the pre-weaning period did not affect the feed conversion ratio, but the administration of EM or CH+EM negatively af-fected the feed conversion ratio. HR administration to Holstein calves in the pre-weaning period decreased the rump width and daily rump width increase, but the treatments showed that rumen VFA levels, withers height, rump height, body tip, body depth and chest circumference, and daily withers height increase, rump height increase, body It was noted that it did not affect the increase in length, increase in body depth and increase in chest circumference. As a result, the number of studies in which both plant extracts and probiotics and prebiotics were used as
feed additives in ruminants are quite insufficient to form a definitive opinion on the effects of these additives, and it is thought that much more studies should be done in ruminants.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Calf dandelion extract effective microorganism performance

Kaynakça

  • Abu-Tarboush HM, Al-Saiady MY, Keir El-Din AH. Evaluation of diet containing Lactobacilli on performance, fecal coliform, and Lactobacilli of young milk calves. Anim Feed Sci Technol 1996; 57: 39-49.
  • Amin Mir M, Sawhney S, Manmohan SJ. Antimicrobial activity of various extracts of taraxacum offici-nale. J Microb Biochem Technol 2016; 8(3): 210-5.
  • Bayatkouhsar J, Tahmasebi AM, Naserian AA, Mo-karram RR, Valizadeh R. Effects of supplementation of lactic acid bacteria on growth performance, blood metabolites and fecal coliform and lactobacilli of young dairy calves. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2013; 186 (1-2): 1-11.
  • Beherka AA, Nagaraja TG. Effect of Aspergillus ory-zae exract alone or in combination with antimicrobial compounds on ruminal bacteria. J Dairy Sci 1998; 81: 1591-8.
  • Cangiano LR, Yohe TT, Steele MA, Renaud DL. Invited review: Strategic use of microbial-based pro-biotics and prebiotics in dairy calf rearing. Appl Anim Sci 2020; 36: 630-51.
  • Diler A, Aydın R. Rasyona probiyotik-enzim kombi-nasyonu ilavesinin İsviçre Esmeri ırkı buzağılarda büyüme performansı ve yemden yararlanma ve sağlık üzerine etkileri. Hay Üret 2009; 50 (2): 22-8.
  • Ertaş ÖS, Aktaş HF, Haznedaroğlu MZ. Analysis of sodium and potassium levels in taraxacum office-nale by flame emission photometry. Acta Pharm Sci 2005; 47(2): 127-30.
  • Ewaschuk JB, Naylor JM, Chirino-Trejo M, Zello GA. Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG is a potential probiotic for calves. Can J Vet Res 2004; 68(4): 249.
  • Fernández-Ciganda S, Fraga M, Zunino P. Probiotic lactobacilli administration induces changes in the fecal microbiota of preweaned dairy calves. Probi-otics Antimicrob 2022; 14(5): 804-15.
  • Frizzo LS, Zbrun MV, Soto LP, Signorini ML. Effects of probiotics on growth performance in young calves: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2010; 169(3-4): 147-56.
  • Grela ER. Influence of herb supplements in pig fee-ding on carcass traits and some organoleptic and chemical parameters of meat. Rocz Nauk Zoo-tech 2000; 6: 167-71.
  • Harrison GA, Hemken RW, Dawson KA, Harmon RJ, Barker KB. Influence of addition of yeast culture supplement to diets of lactating cows on ruminal-fermentation and microbial populations. J Dairy Sci 1988; 71: 2967-75.
  • Hernandez F, Madrid J, Garcia V, Orengo J, Megias MD. Influence of two plant extracts on broilers performance, digestibility, and digestive organ size. Poult Sci 2004; 83(2): 169-74.
  • Ho C, Choi EJ, Yoo GS, Kim KM, Ryu SY. Desacetyl-matricarin, a anti-allergic component from Taraxacum platycarpum. Planta Med 1998; 64(6): 577-8.
  • Hu C, Kitts DD. Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) flower extract suppresses both reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide and prevents lipid oxida-tion in vitro. Phytomedicine 2005; 12(8): 588-97.
  • Hučko B, Bampidis VA, Kodeš A, Christodoulou V, Mudřik Z, Poláková K, Plachý V. Rumen fermen-tation characteristics in pre-weaning calves recei-ving yeast culture supplements. Czech J Anim Sci 2009; 54: 435-42.
  • Işık M, Ekimler F, Özen N, Fırat MZ. Effects of using probiotics on the growth performance and health of dairy calves. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2004; 28 (1): 63-9.
  • Jalili C, Taghadosi M, Pazhouhi M, Bahrehmand F, Miraghaee SS, Pourmand D, Rashidi I. An overview of therapeutic potentials of Taraxacum offici-nale (dandelion): A traditionally valuable herb with a reach historical background. WCRJ World Can-cer Res J 2020; 7: 1679.
  • Jenny BF, Vandijk HJ, Collins JA. Performance and fecal flora of calves fed a bacillus subtilis concent-rate. J Dairy Sci 1991; 74: 1968-73.
  • Jouany JP, Morgavi DP. Use of ‘natural’products as alternatives to antibiotic feed additives in ruminant production. Animal, 2007; 1(10): 1443-66.
  • Kaya SB. Yumurta tavuğu karma yemlerine ilave edilen karahindiba ekstresinin performans ve yu-murta kalitesine etkisi. Yüksek lisans tezi, Erciyes Üniv Sağ Bil Ens, Kayseri 2022.
  • Kim HM, Shin HY, Lim KH, Ryu ST, Shin TY, Chae HJ, Lim KS. Taraxacum officinale inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α production from rat astrocytes. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2000; 22(3): 519-30.
  • Kocaoğlu Güçlü B, Kara K. Ruminant beslemede lternatif yem katkı maddelerinin kullanımı: I. Pro-biyotik, prebiyotik ve enzim. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg 2009; 6(1): 65-75.
  • Küçükoflaz M, Özbek V, Sarıözkan S, Kocaoğlu Güç-lü B, Kara K. Growth performance, ruminal volatile fatty acids, health status and profitability in calves fed with milk supplemented with probiotics. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 2022; 28(3): 421-30.
  • Meyer PM, Pires AV, Bagaldo AR, Simas JMCD, Susin I. Adição de probiótico ao leite integral ou sucedâneo e desempenho de bezerros da raça holandesa. Sci Agric 2001; 58: 215-21.
  • Nehru Arun P, Sunandhadevi S, Rama T, Muniyap-pan N. Effect of probiotic supplementation on growth performance of crossbred calves in an organized cattle farm. J Anim Health Prod 2017; 5(3): 89-91.
  • Noori M, Alikhani M, Jahanian R. Effect of partial substitution of milk with probiotic yogurt of different ph on performance, body conformation and blood biochemical parameters of Holstein calves. J Appl Anim Res 2016; 44(1): 221-9.
  • Pradeep KU, Geervani P. Influence of spices on protein utilization of winged bean (Prophocarpus tetragonolobus) and horsegram (Dolichos biflo-rus). Plant Foods Hum Nut 1994; 46: 187-93.
  • Qureshi S, Adil S, Abd El-Hack ME, Alagawany M, Farag MR. Beneficial uses of dandelion herb (Taraxacum officinale) in poultry nutrition. Worlds Poult Sci J 2017; 73(3): 591-602.
  • Sarıpınar Aksu D, Sulu N. Ruminantlarda probiyotik-lerin kullanımı ve rumene etkileri. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 2005; 11(1): 93-8.
  • Samolińska W, Grela ER, Kowalczuk-Vasilev E, Kic-zorowska B, Klebaniuk R, Hanczakowska E. Evaluation of garlic and dandelion supplementation on the growth performance, carcass traits, and fatty acid composition of growing-finishing pigs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020; 259: 114316.
  • Timmerman HM, Mulder L, Everts H, Van Espen DC, Van Der Wal E, Klaassen G, Rouwers SMG, Har-temink R, Rombouts FM, Beynen AC. Health and growth of veal calves fed milk replacers with or without probiotics. J Dairy Sci 2005; 88(6): 2154-65.
  • Ünlü H, Erkek R, Özdoğan M, Mert S. Buzağı besle-mede doğal yem katkı maddelerinin kullanımı. Hay Üret 2013; 54(2): 36-42.
  • Wallace RJ, Newbold CJ. Microbial feed additives for ruminants. Wallace RJ, Chesson A. eds. In: Biotechnology in Animal feeds and Animal Feeding. UK: Wiley VCH, 1995: p. 101-25.
  • Wang Y, Chen YJ, Cho J, H Yoo, J S, Wang Q, Hu-ang Y, Kim IH. The effects of dietary herbs and coral mineral complex on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics and meat quality in finishing pigs. J Anim Feed Sci 2007; 16(3): 397-407.
  • Wenk C. Herbs and botanicals as feed additives in monogastric animals. Asian-australas J Anim Sci 2003; 16(2): 282-9.
  • Windschitl PM. Effect of probiotic supplementation on growth rate, rumen metabolism, and nutrient digestibility in Holstein heifer calves. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 1991; 4(4): 341-51.
  • Wu Y, Wang L, Luo R, Chen H, Nie C, Niu J, Chen C, Xu Y, Li X, Zhang W. Effect of a multispecies probiotic mixture on the growth and incidence of diarrhea, immune function, and fecal microbiota of pre-weaning dairy calves. Front Microbiol 2021; 12: 681014.
  • Yan L, Meng QW, Kim IH. The effects of dietary Houttuynia cordata and Taraxacum officinale extract powder on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics and meat quality in finishing pigs. Livest Sci 2011; 141(2-3): 188-93.
  • Yavuzarslan E. Değişen miktarlarda süte katılan pre-biyotiklerin süt emen Simental buzağılarda büyü-me performansı ve sağlığı üzerine etkileri. Yüksek lisans tezi. Kırıkkale Üniv Sağ Bil Ens, Kırıkkale 2018.
  • Yun SI, Cho HR, Choi HS. Anticoagulant from Ta-raxacum platycarpum. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2002; 66(9): 1859-64.
  • Zhang R, Zhou M, Tu Y, Zhang NF, Deng KD, Ma T, Diao QY. Effect of oral administration of probiotics on growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility and stress‐related indicators in Holstein calves. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 2016; 100(1): 33-8.
  • Zhao J, Zhang G, Zhou X, Dong W, Wang Q, Xiao C, Zhang S. Effect of dandelion root extract on growth performance, immune function and bacterial community in weaned pigs. Food Agric Immunol 2019; 30(1): 95-111.

Efektif Mikroorganizma ve Karahindiba Ekstraktının Buzağılarda Performans Üzerine Etkisi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 1, 20 - 29, 01.04.2024

Veli Özbek Berrin Kocaoğlu Güçlü Selma Büyükkılıç Beyzi Mehmet Küçükoflaz

https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.1453325

Öz

Bu çalışmada, buzağılarda efektif mikroorganizma (EM) ve karahindiba ekstraktının (KH) performans [canlı ağırlık (CA), canlı ağırlık artışı (CAA), yemden yararlanma oranı (YYO), vücut ölçüleri], rumen uçucu yağ asitleri (UYA) üzerin-deki etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada toplam 80 buzağı, ırkları (10 Holstayn, 10 Simental), yaşları (7±3 günlük), canlı ağırlıkları (40±5 kg), ve cinsiyetleri (10 erkek, 10 dişi) benzer olacak şekilde bir kontrol ve üç deneme grubu (EM, KH ve EM + KH) olmak üzere her grupta 20 buzağı olacak şekilde toplam dört gruba ayrıldı. Çalışmada yer alan bütün buzağıların beslenme programları aynı olup, deneme grubunda bulunan buzağılara kontrol grubundan farklı olarak, EM grubunda buzağı başına günlük 10 ml EM ve KH grubunda 5 gr karahindiba ekstresi ve EM + KH grubunda ise 10 ml EM ile 5 gr KH süte katılarak oral yolla içirildi. Simental ırkı buzağılara KH, EM veya KH+EM verilmesinin performans parametreleri (CA, CAA, YT, YY), vücut ölçüleri ve rumen UYA (asetik asit, butirik asit, propiyoinik asit) oranını önemli oranda etkilemediği belirlendi. Öte yandan Holstein ırkı buzağılara KH verilmesinin yem tüketimini önemli oranda artırdığı belirlendi. Holstein ırkı buzağılara sütten kesim öncesi dönemde KH verilmesinin yemden yarar-lanma oranını etkilemediği ancak EM veya KH+EM verilmesinin yemden yararlanma oranını olumsuz etkilediği belirlen-di. Holstein ırkı buzağılara sütten kesim öncesi dönemde KH verilmesinin sağrı genişliği ve günlük sağrı genişliği artışı-nı düşürdüğü ancak muamelelerin deneme sonu rumen UYA düzeyleri, cidago yüksekliği, sağrı yüksekliği, vücut uzun-luğu, beden derinliği ve göğüs çevresi ile günlük cidago yüksekliği artışı, sağrı yüksekliği artışı, vücut uzunlu artışı, beden derinliği artışı ve göğüs çevresi artışını etkilemediği kaydedildi. Sonuç olarak, ruminantlarda gerek bitki ekstrak-ları gerek probiyotiklerin ve prebiyotiklerin yem katkısı olarak kullanıldığı çalışma sayısı bu katkıların etkileri konusunda kesin kanaat oluşturmak için oldukça yetersiz olup ruminantlarda çok daha fazla çalışma yapılmasının gerekli olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Buzağı efektif mikroorganizma karahindiba ekstraktı performans

Kaynakça

  • Abu-Tarboush HM, Al-Saiady MY, Keir El-Din AH. Evaluation of diet containing Lactobacilli on performance, fecal coliform, and Lactobacilli of young milk calves. Anim Feed Sci Technol 1996; 57: 39-49.
  • Amin Mir M, Sawhney S, Manmohan SJ. Antimicrobial activity of various extracts of taraxacum offici-nale. J Microb Biochem Technol 2016; 8(3): 210-5.
  • Bayatkouhsar J, Tahmasebi AM, Naserian AA, Mo-karram RR, Valizadeh R. Effects of supplementation of lactic acid bacteria on growth performance, blood metabolites and fecal coliform and lactobacilli of young dairy calves. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2013; 186 (1-2): 1-11.
  • Beherka AA, Nagaraja TG. Effect of Aspergillus ory-zae exract alone or in combination with antimicrobial compounds on ruminal bacteria. J Dairy Sci 1998; 81: 1591-8.
  • Cangiano LR, Yohe TT, Steele MA, Renaud DL. Invited review: Strategic use of microbial-based pro-biotics and prebiotics in dairy calf rearing. Appl Anim Sci 2020; 36: 630-51.
  • Diler A, Aydın R. Rasyona probiyotik-enzim kombi-nasyonu ilavesinin İsviçre Esmeri ırkı buzağılarda büyüme performansı ve yemden yararlanma ve sağlık üzerine etkileri. Hay Üret 2009; 50 (2): 22-8.
  • Ertaş ÖS, Aktaş HF, Haznedaroğlu MZ. Analysis of sodium and potassium levels in taraxacum office-nale by flame emission photometry. Acta Pharm Sci 2005; 47(2): 127-30.
  • Ewaschuk JB, Naylor JM, Chirino-Trejo M, Zello GA. Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG is a potential probiotic for calves. Can J Vet Res 2004; 68(4): 249.
  • Fernández-Ciganda S, Fraga M, Zunino P. Probiotic lactobacilli administration induces changes in the fecal microbiota of preweaned dairy calves. Probi-otics Antimicrob 2022; 14(5): 804-15.
  • Frizzo LS, Zbrun MV, Soto LP, Signorini ML. Effects of probiotics on growth performance in young calves: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2010; 169(3-4): 147-56.
  • Grela ER. Influence of herb supplements in pig fee-ding on carcass traits and some organoleptic and chemical parameters of meat. Rocz Nauk Zoo-tech 2000; 6: 167-71.
  • Harrison GA, Hemken RW, Dawson KA, Harmon RJ, Barker KB. Influence of addition of yeast culture supplement to diets of lactating cows on ruminal-fermentation and microbial populations. J Dairy Sci 1988; 71: 2967-75.
  • Hernandez F, Madrid J, Garcia V, Orengo J, Megias MD. Influence of two plant extracts on broilers performance, digestibility, and digestive organ size. Poult Sci 2004; 83(2): 169-74.
  • Ho C, Choi EJ, Yoo GS, Kim KM, Ryu SY. Desacetyl-matricarin, a anti-allergic component from Taraxacum platycarpum. Planta Med 1998; 64(6): 577-8.
  • Hu C, Kitts DD. Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) flower extract suppresses both reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide and prevents lipid oxida-tion in vitro. Phytomedicine 2005; 12(8): 588-97.
  • Hučko B, Bampidis VA, Kodeš A, Christodoulou V, Mudřik Z, Poláková K, Plachý V. Rumen fermen-tation characteristics in pre-weaning calves recei-ving yeast culture supplements. Czech J Anim Sci 2009; 54: 435-42.
  • Işık M, Ekimler F, Özen N, Fırat MZ. Effects of using probiotics on the growth performance and health of dairy calves. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2004; 28 (1): 63-9.
  • Jalili C, Taghadosi M, Pazhouhi M, Bahrehmand F, Miraghaee SS, Pourmand D, Rashidi I. An overview of therapeutic potentials of Taraxacum offici-nale (dandelion): A traditionally valuable herb with a reach historical background. WCRJ World Can-cer Res J 2020; 7: 1679.
  • Jenny BF, Vandijk HJ, Collins JA. Performance and fecal flora of calves fed a bacillus subtilis concent-rate. J Dairy Sci 1991; 74: 1968-73.
  • Jouany JP, Morgavi DP. Use of ‘natural’products as alternatives to antibiotic feed additives in ruminant production. Animal, 2007; 1(10): 1443-66.
  • Kaya SB. Yumurta tavuğu karma yemlerine ilave edilen karahindiba ekstresinin performans ve yu-murta kalitesine etkisi. Yüksek lisans tezi, Erciyes Üniv Sağ Bil Ens, Kayseri 2022.
  • Kim HM, Shin HY, Lim KH, Ryu ST, Shin TY, Chae HJ, Lim KS. Taraxacum officinale inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α production from rat astrocytes. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2000; 22(3): 519-30.
  • Kocaoğlu Güçlü B, Kara K. Ruminant beslemede lternatif yem katkı maddelerinin kullanımı: I. Pro-biyotik, prebiyotik ve enzim. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg 2009; 6(1): 65-75.
  • Küçükoflaz M, Özbek V, Sarıözkan S, Kocaoğlu Güç-lü B, Kara K. Growth performance, ruminal volatile fatty acids, health status and profitability in calves fed with milk supplemented with probiotics. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 2022; 28(3): 421-30.
  • Meyer PM, Pires AV, Bagaldo AR, Simas JMCD, Susin I. Adição de probiótico ao leite integral ou sucedâneo e desempenho de bezerros da raça holandesa. Sci Agric 2001; 58: 215-21.
  • Nehru Arun P, Sunandhadevi S, Rama T, Muniyap-pan N. Effect of probiotic supplementation on growth performance of crossbred calves in an organized cattle farm. J Anim Health Prod 2017; 5(3): 89-91.
  • Noori M, Alikhani M, Jahanian R. Effect of partial substitution of milk with probiotic yogurt of different ph on performance, body conformation and blood biochemical parameters of Holstein calves. J Appl Anim Res 2016; 44(1): 221-9.
  • Pradeep KU, Geervani P. Influence of spices on protein utilization of winged bean (Prophocarpus tetragonolobus) and horsegram (Dolichos biflo-rus). Plant Foods Hum Nut 1994; 46: 187-93.
  • Qureshi S, Adil S, Abd El-Hack ME, Alagawany M, Farag MR. Beneficial uses of dandelion herb (Taraxacum officinale) in poultry nutrition. Worlds Poult Sci J 2017; 73(3): 591-602.
  • Sarıpınar Aksu D, Sulu N. Ruminantlarda probiyotik-lerin kullanımı ve rumene etkileri. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 2005; 11(1): 93-8.
  • Samolińska W, Grela ER, Kowalczuk-Vasilev E, Kic-zorowska B, Klebaniuk R, Hanczakowska E. Evaluation of garlic and dandelion supplementation on the growth performance, carcass traits, and fatty acid composition of growing-finishing pigs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020; 259: 114316.
  • Timmerman HM, Mulder L, Everts H, Van Espen DC, Van Der Wal E, Klaassen G, Rouwers SMG, Har-temink R, Rombouts FM, Beynen AC. Health and growth of veal calves fed milk replacers with or without probiotics. J Dairy Sci 2005; 88(6): 2154-65.
  • Ünlü H, Erkek R, Özdoğan M, Mert S. Buzağı besle-mede doğal yem katkı maddelerinin kullanımı. Hay Üret 2013; 54(2): 36-42.
  • Wallace RJ, Newbold CJ. Microbial feed additives for ruminants. Wallace RJ, Chesson A. eds. In: Biotechnology in Animal feeds and Animal Feeding. UK: Wiley VCH, 1995: p. 101-25.
  • Wang Y, Chen YJ, Cho J, H Yoo, J S, Wang Q, Hu-ang Y, Kim IH. The effects of dietary herbs and coral mineral complex on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics and meat quality in finishing pigs. J Anim Feed Sci 2007; 16(3): 397-407.
  • Wenk C. Herbs and botanicals as feed additives in monogastric animals. Asian-australas J Anim Sci 2003; 16(2): 282-9.
  • Windschitl PM. Effect of probiotic supplementation on growth rate, rumen metabolism, and nutrient digestibility in Holstein heifer calves. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 1991; 4(4): 341-51.
  • Wu Y, Wang L, Luo R, Chen H, Nie C, Niu J, Chen C, Xu Y, Li X, Zhang W. Effect of a multispecies probiotic mixture on the growth and incidence of diarrhea, immune function, and fecal microbiota of pre-weaning dairy calves. Front Microbiol 2021; 12: 681014.
  • Yan L, Meng QW, Kim IH. The effects of dietary Houttuynia cordata and Taraxacum officinale extract powder on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics and meat quality in finishing pigs. Livest Sci 2011; 141(2-3): 188-93.
  • Yavuzarslan E. Değişen miktarlarda süte katılan pre-biyotiklerin süt emen Simental buzağılarda büyü-me performansı ve sağlığı üzerine etkileri. Yüksek lisans tezi. Kırıkkale Üniv Sağ Bil Ens, Kırıkkale 2018.
  • Yun SI, Cho HR, Choi HS. Anticoagulant from Ta-raxacum platycarpum. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2002; 66(9): 1859-64.
  • Zhang R, Zhou M, Tu Y, Zhang NF, Deng KD, Ma T, Diao QY. Effect of oral administration of probiotics on growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility and stress‐related indicators in Holstein calves. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 2016; 100(1): 33-8.
  • Zhao J, Zhang G, Zhou X, Dong W, Wang Q, Xiao C, Zhang S. Effect of dandelion root extract on growth performance, immune function and bacterial community in weaned pigs. Food Agric Immunol 2019; 30(1): 95-111.
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Veteriner Bilimleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Veli Özbek 0000-0003-4525-9254

Berrin Kocaoğlu Güçlü 0000-0003-0341-4594

Selma Büyükkılıç Beyzi 0000-0002-4622-0645

Mehmet Küçükoflaz 0000-0003-3256-4735

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Nisan 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 25 Mayıs 2023
Kabul Tarihi 16 Ekim 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 21 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Özbek, V., Kocaoğlu Güçlü, B., Büyükkılıç Beyzi, S., Küçükoflaz, M. (2024). Efektif Mikroorganizma ve Karahindiba Ekstraktının Buzağılarda Performans Üzerine Etkisi. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(1), 20-29. https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.1453325
AMA Özbek V, Kocaoğlu Güçlü B, Büyükkılıç Beyzi S, Küçükoflaz M. Efektif Mikroorganizma ve Karahindiba Ekstraktının Buzağılarda Performans Üzerine Etkisi. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. Nisan 2024;21(1):20-29. doi:10.32707/ercivet.1453325
Chicago Özbek, Veli, Berrin Kocaoğlu Güçlü, Selma Büyükkılıç Beyzi, ve Mehmet Küçükoflaz. “Efektif Mikroorganizma Ve Karahindiba Ekstraktının Buzağılarda Performans Üzerine Etkisi”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 21, sy. 1 (Nisan 2024): 20-29. https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.1453325.
EndNote Özbek V, Kocaoğlu Güçlü B, Büyükkılıç Beyzi S, Küçükoflaz M (01 Nisan 2024) Efektif Mikroorganizma ve Karahindiba Ekstraktının Buzağılarda Performans Üzerine Etkisi. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 21 1 20–29.
IEEE V. Özbek, B. Kocaoğlu Güçlü, S. Büyükkılıç Beyzi, ve M. Küçükoflaz, “Efektif Mikroorganizma ve Karahindiba Ekstraktının Buzağılarda Performans Üzerine Etkisi”, Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg, c. 21, sy. 1, ss. 20–29, 2024, doi: 10.32707/ercivet.1453325.
ISNAD Özbek, Veli vd. “Efektif Mikroorganizma Ve Karahindiba Ekstraktının Buzağılarda Performans Üzerine Etkisi”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 21/1 (Nisan 2024), 20-29. https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.1453325.
JAMA Özbek V, Kocaoğlu Güçlü B, Büyükkılıç Beyzi S, Küçükoflaz M. Efektif Mikroorganizma ve Karahindiba Ekstraktının Buzağılarda Performans Üzerine Etkisi. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2024;21:20–29.
MLA Özbek, Veli vd. “Efektif Mikroorganizma Ve Karahindiba Ekstraktının Buzağılarda Performans Üzerine Etkisi”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 21, sy. 1, 2024, ss. 20-29, doi:10.32707/ercivet.1453325.
Vancouver Özbek V, Kocaoğlu Güçlü B, Büyükkılıç Beyzi S, Küçükoflaz M. Efektif Mikroorganizma ve Karahindiba Ekstraktının Buzağılarda Performans Üzerine Etkisi. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2024;21(1):20-9.
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