Öz
Amaç: Sağlık hizmetlerinde yer alan tüm personelin eğitimi çok önemlidir. Yeni gelişöiş teknolojiye sahip tam otomatik cihazlar olsada, eğitim hala ön plandadır. Laboratuvar hizmetlerinde eğitim, özellikle de analiz öncesi dönemde çok önemlidir. “Yoğun Eğitim Metodu” (YEM) hakkında detaylı bilgi vermeyi ve analiz öncesi laboratuvar hatalarının en aza indirilmesine katkıda bulunmayı amaçladık.
Tasarım: Analitik dönem öncesi laboratuvar hataları eğitim ile düzeltilebilen bir süreçtir. Flebotomist olarak görev yapan tüm personel, özellikle klinik hizmet hemşireleri ciddi eğitim almalıdır. YEM bu eğitimler için yeni bir algoritma geliştirmiştir. YEM, ilk kez tarafımızdan tanımlanmış ve patentlenmiştir. Ayrıca 950 yataklı üç kampüslü bir hastanede başarılı olduğu kanıtlanmıştır. Çalışmamızda ilk olarak YEM'in temel kriterleri açıklanmış ve ihtiyaç tartışılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmamızda rutin eğitim yöntemleri ile YEM arasındaki fark ifade edilmiştir.
Yöntem: YEM eğitimi verebilecek personel açıklığa kavuşturuldu. Yine YEM için eğitmenler, danışmanlar ve süpervizörler açıklanmıştır. Son olarak, YEM eğitimlerinin nasıl uygulandığı belirtildi.
Sonuç: Analiz öncesi laboratuvar hataları, tüm laboratuvar hatalarının maksimum yüzdesine düşmektedir. İyi olan şey, önlenebilir olmasıdır. Bu dönemde flebotomistlere çok ciddi eğitim verilmelidir. Rutin eğitimlerden farklı bir algoritma sunan YEM bu açıdan değerlendirilmelidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Algoritma yoğun eğitim yöntemi flebotomist laboratuvar hatası analitik öncesi dönem
Kaynakça
- Carraro P., Plebani M. Errors in a stat laboratory: types and frequencies 10 years later. Clin Chem 2007;53:1338-42. https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2007.088344.
- Da Rin, G. Pre-analytical workstations: A tool for reducing laboratory errors. Clin Chim Acta 2009;404:68-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2009.03.024.
- Durant TJS., Merwede J., Reynolds J, Peaper DR. Optimization of Turnaround Time for Group A Streptococcus PCR. J Clin Microbiol 2019;23(9):886-902. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00619-19.
- IFCC-EFLM. European Congress of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine in the Paris. “The effect of intensive training in preventing preanalytical error sources”. Quality assessment, laboratory errors, patient safety, ethics Clin Chem Lab Med; EuroMedLab 2015;53(1):1-1450. https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2015-5026.
- Lee AJ., Kim SG. Analysis of Turnaround Time for Intraoperative Red Blood Cell Issues: A Single-Center Study. Lab Med 2017;48(3):277-281. https://doi.org/10.1093/labmed/lmx016.
- Lazarova E., Scott Y., van den Bos A., Wantzin P., Atugonza R., Solkar S., Carpio N. Multicentre evaluation of the new ortho vision analyser. Transfus Med 2017;5:354-361. https://doi.org/10.1111/tme.12438.
- Makhumula-Nkhoma N., Weston KL., McSherry R., Atkinson, G. The impact of venepuncture training on the reduction of pre-analytical blood sample haemolysis rates: A systematic review. J Clin Nurs 2019;28(18):01-11. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14997.
- Mueller RG., Lang GE. Small tube adapter for use with the standard vacutainer needle holder. Am J Clin Pathol 1973;60(2):281-3. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/60.2.281.
- Nutting PA., Main DS,, Fischer PM., et al. Toward optimal laboratory use. Problems in laboratory testing in primary care. JAMA 1996;275:635-9. PMID: 8594246.
- Phillips JL., Heneka N., Bhattarai P., Fraser C., Shaw T. Effectiveness of the spaced education pedagogy for clinicians' continuing professional development: a systematic review. Med Educ 2019;53(9), 886-902. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.13895.
- Plebani M., Laposata M., Lundberg GD. The brain-to-brain loop concept for laboratory testing 40 years after its introduction. Am J Clin Pathol 2011:136(6), 829-33. https://doi.org/10.1309/AJCPR28HWHSSDNON.
- Plebani M, Carraro P. Mistakes in a stat laboratory: types and frequency. Clin Chem 1997;43:1348-51. PMID: 9267312.
- Plebani M. Errors in clinical laboratories or errors in laboratory medicine? Clin Chem Lab Med 2006;44:750-9. https://doi.org/10.1515/CCLM.2006.123.
- Song YE, Kang H, Park H. Algorithm to Estimate the Extended Turnaround Time Including Outpatient Waiting Time for Blood Specimen Collection when a Stand-alone Queue Ticket System not Connectable to Laboratory Information System Is Used. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2018;48(6):726-735. PMID: 30610042.
- Yazar H., Özdemir F., Köse E. Effect of Centrifuge Temperature on Routine Coagulation Tests. Acta Haematol 2018;139(3):158-163. https://doi.org/10.1159/000486271.
- Yazar H., Yucel M., Bozkurt, B., Pekgor, A., Kadilar, O. A New Method for the Prevention of Pre-Analytical Errors due to Hemolysis: Intensive Training. Clin Lab 2016;62(8):1501-1505. https://doi.org/10.7754/Clin.Lab.2016.151224.
- Yazar H. Trademark Owner. Application No: 2018/82513, Application Date: 17.09.2018. Patent Number: 2018 82513, Date of Patent: 5.02.2019. Trademark Name: ITM (Intensive Training Method). Turkish Patent and Trademark Office 2019. https://online.turkpatent.gov.tr/trademark-search/pub/#trademark_result_detail
Öz
Objectives: Training of all personnel involved in health services is very important. Even though human use of developing new technological fully automatic devices has diminished much, education is still at the forefront. Training is also very important in laboratory services, especially in the pre-analytical period. We aimed to provide detailed information about the “Intensive Training Method” (ITM) and to contribute to minimizing pre-analytical laboratory errors.
Design: Pre-analytical period laboratory errors are a process that can be corrected by training. All personnel who serve as a phlebotomist, especially clinical service nurses must undergo serious training. ITM has introduced a new algorithm for these trainings. For the first time, ITM has been identified and patented by us. Besides, it was proved to be successful in a 950-bed, three-campus hospital.
In our study, firstly the basic criteria of ITM were explained and the need for ITM was discussed. Besides, the difference between routine training methods and ITM was expressed in our study.
Methods: The staff who can provide ITM training has been clarified. Again for ITM, trainers, consultants and supervisors have been explained. Finally, how ITM trainings are applied is stated.
Conclusions: Pre-analytical laboratory errors fall into the maximum percentage of all laboratory errors. The good thing is that it is preventable. During this period, very serious training should be given to phlebotomists. ITM, which presents a different algorithm than routine trainings, should be evaluated in this respect.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Algorithm intensive training method phlebotomist laboratory error pre-analytical period
Kaynakça
- Carraro P., Plebani M. Errors in a stat laboratory: types and frequencies 10 years later. Clin Chem 2007;53:1338-42. https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2007.088344.
- Da Rin, G. Pre-analytical workstations: A tool for reducing laboratory errors. Clin Chim Acta 2009;404:68-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2009.03.024.
- Durant TJS., Merwede J., Reynolds J, Peaper DR. Optimization of Turnaround Time for Group A Streptococcus PCR. J Clin Microbiol 2019;23(9):886-902. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00619-19.
- IFCC-EFLM. European Congress of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine in the Paris. “The effect of intensive training in preventing preanalytical error sources”. Quality assessment, laboratory errors, patient safety, ethics Clin Chem Lab Med; EuroMedLab 2015;53(1):1-1450. https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2015-5026.
- Lee AJ., Kim SG. Analysis of Turnaround Time for Intraoperative Red Blood Cell Issues: A Single-Center Study. Lab Med 2017;48(3):277-281. https://doi.org/10.1093/labmed/lmx016.
- Lazarova E., Scott Y., van den Bos A., Wantzin P., Atugonza R., Solkar S., Carpio N. Multicentre evaluation of the new ortho vision analyser. Transfus Med 2017;5:354-361. https://doi.org/10.1111/tme.12438.
- Makhumula-Nkhoma N., Weston KL., McSherry R., Atkinson, G. The impact of venepuncture training on the reduction of pre-analytical blood sample haemolysis rates: A systematic review. J Clin Nurs 2019;28(18):01-11. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14997.
- Mueller RG., Lang GE. Small tube adapter for use with the standard vacutainer needle holder. Am J Clin Pathol 1973;60(2):281-3. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/60.2.281.
- Nutting PA., Main DS,, Fischer PM., et al. Toward optimal laboratory use. Problems in laboratory testing in primary care. JAMA 1996;275:635-9. PMID: 8594246.
- Phillips JL., Heneka N., Bhattarai P., Fraser C., Shaw T. Effectiveness of the spaced education pedagogy for clinicians' continuing professional development: a systematic review. Med Educ 2019;53(9), 886-902. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.13895.
- Plebani M., Laposata M., Lundberg GD. The brain-to-brain loop concept for laboratory testing 40 years after its introduction. Am J Clin Pathol 2011:136(6), 829-33. https://doi.org/10.1309/AJCPR28HWHSSDNON.
- Plebani M, Carraro P. Mistakes in a stat laboratory: types and frequency. Clin Chem 1997;43:1348-51. PMID: 9267312.
- Plebani M. Errors in clinical laboratories or errors in laboratory medicine? Clin Chem Lab Med 2006;44:750-9. https://doi.org/10.1515/CCLM.2006.123.
- Song YE, Kang H, Park H. Algorithm to Estimate the Extended Turnaround Time Including Outpatient Waiting Time for Blood Specimen Collection when a Stand-alone Queue Ticket System not Connectable to Laboratory Information System Is Used. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2018;48(6):726-735. PMID: 30610042.
- Yazar H., Özdemir F., Köse E. Effect of Centrifuge Temperature on Routine Coagulation Tests. Acta Haematol 2018;139(3):158-163. https://doi.org/10.1159/000486271.
- Yazar H., Yucel M., Bozkurt, B., Pekgor, A., Kadilar, O. A New Method for the Prevention of Pre-Analytical Errors due to Hemolysis: Intensive Training. Clin Lab 2016;62(8):1501-1505. https://doi.org/10.7754/Clin.Lab.2016.151224.
- Yazar H. Trademark Owner. Application No: 2018/82513, Application Date: 17.09.2018. Patent Number: 2018 82513, Date of Patent: 5.02.2019. Trademark Name: ITM (Intensive Training Method). Turkish Patent and Trademark Office 2019. https://online.turkpatent.gov.tr/trademark-search/pub/#trademark_result_detail
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Halk Sağlığı, Çevre Sağlığı |
| Bölüm | Araştırma makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Temmuz 2020 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 4 Temmuz 2020 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 20 Temmuz 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1 |
