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Kentsel Alanlarda Çocukların Okula Ulaşımları: Farklı Uygulama Modellerinin Sistematik Bir Derlemesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 42, 1060 - 1084, 31.01.2024

Çisem Seyhan Habibe Acar

https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.1317880

Öz

Bu araştırma kentsel alanlarda çocukların okula ulaşımı konusuna odaklanmaktadır. Çalışmada ele alınan konulardan birincisi, bu konuda bir araştırma kurgusu oluşturulurken araştırma soruları, amaçlar, kullanılan yöntemler, araştırmanın kimlerle ve nasıl yürütülebileceği yönündeki değerlendirmeleri; ikincisi, kentsel alanlarda çocukların ev ve okul arası aktif seyahatlerini desteklemek için yapılan uygulamalar ve geliştirilebilecek yeni uygulama modellerine yönelik değerlendirmeleri içermektedir. Bu kapsamda 2000-2019 yılları arasında, okula yürüyerek ya da bisikletle ulaşım konularını farklı açılardan ele alan 27 araştırma değerlendirilmiştir. İncelenen çalışmalar; makalelerin genel içerikleri, yöntemleri ve prosedürleri; araştırma soruları ve sonuçları olmak üzere 3 ana başlıkta ele alınmıştır. İncelenen araştırmaların sonuçlarına göre 7 araştırma sorusu oluşturulmuş ve bu soruların cevapları üzerinden konu ile ilgili somut çıktılar ortaya konmuştur. Sonuçta, çocukların okula aktif seyahatleri konusunda güvenlik, ulaşım, eğitim, planlama, tasarım, uygulama boyutlarında yapılması gerekenler tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aktif okul ulaşımı çocuklar okula ulaşım kentsel alanlar

Kaynakça

  • Buttazzoni, A. N., Van Kesteren, E. S., Shah, T. I., & Gilliland, J. A. (2018). Active School Travel Intervention Methodologies in North America: A Systematic Review. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 55(1), 115–124.
  • Carver, A., Panter, J. R., Jones, A. P., & van Sluijs, E. M. F. (2014). Independent mobility on the journey to school: A joint cross-sectional and prospective exploration of social and physical environmental influences. Journal of Transport and Health, 1(1), 25–32.
  • Chillón, P., Hales, D., Vaughn, A., Gizlice, Z., Ni, A., & Ward, D. S. (2014). A Cross-Sectional Study of Demographic, Environmental and Parental Barriers to Active School Travel Among Children in the United States. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 11(1), 1–10.
  • D’Haese, S., De Meester, F., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., Deforche, B., & Cardon, G. (2011). Criterion distances and environmental correlates of active commuting to school in children. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 8, 1–10.
  • Easton, S., & Ferrari, E. (2015). Children’s travel to school-the interaction of individual, neighbourhood and school factors. Transport Policy, 44, 9–18.
  • Ikeda, E., Stewart, T., Garrett, N., Egli, V., Mandic, S., Hosking, J., Witten, K., Hawley, G., Tautolo, E. S., Rodda, J., Moore, A., & Smith, M. (2018). Built environment associates of active school travel in New Zealand children and youth: A systematic meta-analysis using individual participant data. Journal of Transport and Health, 9(February), 117–131.
  • Janssen, I., & King, N. (2015). Walkable school neighborhoods are not playable neighborhoods. Health and Place, 35, 66–69.
  • Kerr, J., Rosenberg, D., Sallis, J. F., Saelens, B. E., Frank, L. D., & Conway, T. L. (2006). Active commuting to school: Associations with environment and parental concerns. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 38(4), 787–794.
  • Kyttä, M., Hirvonen, J., Rudner, J., Pirjola, I., & Laatikainen, T. (2015). The last free-range children? Children’s independent mobility in Finland in the 1990s and 2010s. Journal of Transport Geography, 47, 1–12.
  • Larouche, R., Chaput, J. P., Leduc, G., Boyer, C., Bélanger, P., Leblanc, A. G., Borghese, M. M., & Tremblay, M. S. (2014). A cross-sectional examination of socio-demographic and school-level correlates of children’s school travel mode in Ottawa, Canada. BMC Public Health, 14(1), 1–11.
  • Lu, W., McKyer, E. L. J., Lee, C., Ory, M. G., Goodson, P., & Wang, S. (2015). Children’s active commuting to school: An interplay of self-efficacy, social economic disadvantage, and environmental characteristics. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 12(1), 1–14.
  • Macdonald, L., McCrorie, P., Nicholls, N., & Ellaway, A. (2016). Walkability around primary schools and area deprivation across Scotland. BMC Public Health, 16(1), 1–7.
  • Mackett, R. L. (2002). Increasing car dependency of children: should we be worried? Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Municipal Engineer, 151(1), 29–38.
  • Mackett, R. L. (2013). Children’s travel behaviour and its health implications. Transport Policy, 26, 66–72.
  • Mah, S. K., Nettlefold, L., Macdonald, H. M., Winters, M., Race, D., Voss, C., & McKay, H. A. (2017). Does parental support influence children’s active school travel? Preventive Medicine Reports, 6, 346–351.
  • Moran, M. R., Eizenberg, E., & Plaut, P. (2017). Getting to know a place: Built environment walkability and children’s spatial representation of their home-school (h-s) route. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(6).
  • Napier, M. A., Brown, B. B., Werner, C. M., & Gallimore, J. (2011). Walking to school: Community design and child and parent barriers. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 31(1), 45–51.
  • Nasrudin, N., & Nor, A. R. M. (2013). Travelling to School: Transportation Selection by Parents and Awareness towards Sustainable Transportation. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 17, 392–400.
  • National Center for Safe Routes to School. (2007). Safe Routes to School Guide. www.saferoutesinfo.org
  • Oliver, M., Badland, H., Mavoa, S., Witten, K., Kearns, R., Ellaway, A., Hinckson, E., Mackay, L., & Schluter, P. J. (2014). Environmental and socio-demographic associates of children’s active transport to school: A cross-sectional investigation from the URBAN Study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 11(1), 1–12.
  • Osborne, P. (2005). Safe Routes for Children: What They Want and What Works. Children Youth and Environments, 15(1), 234–239.
  • Rothman, L., To, T., Buliung, R., Macarthur, C., & Howard, A. (2014). Influence of social and built environment features on children walking to school: An observational study. Preventive Medicine, 60, 10–15.
  • Shbeeb, L., & Awad, W. (2013). Walkability Of School Surroundings and Its Impact On Pedestrian Behavior. TeMA, 171–188.
  • Shokoohi, R., Hanif, N. R., & Dali, M. (2012). Influence of the Socio-Economic Factors on Children’s School Travel. Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences, 50(July), 135–147.
  • Tandoğan, O. (2014). More Livable Urban Space for Children: Practices around the World. MEGARON, 9(1), 19–33.
  • Trapp, G. S. A., Giles-Corti, B., Christian, H. E., Bulsara, M., Timperio, A. F., McCormack, G. R., & Villaneuva, K. P. (2011). On your bike! a cross-sectional study of the individual, social and environmental correlates of cycling to school. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 8, 2–11.
  • Van Dyck, D., Cardon, G., Deforche, B., & De Bourdeaudhuij, I. (2009). Lower neighbourhood walkability and longer distance to school are related to physical activity in Belgian adolescents. Preventive Medicine, 48(6), 516–518.
  • Watson, M., & Dannenberg, A. L. (2008). Investment in safe routes to school projects: Public health benefits for the larger community. Preventing Chronic Disease, 5(3), 3–9.
  • Waygood, E. O. D., & Susilo, Y. O. (2015). Walking to school in Scotland: Do perceptions of neighbourhood quality matter? IATSS Research, 38(2), 125–129.
  • Yelavich, S., Towns, C., Burt, R., Chow, K., Donohue, R., Haji, S. H., Taylor, K., Gray, A., Eberhart-phillips, J., & Reeder, A. I. (2008). Walking to school: frequency and predictors among primary school children in Dunedin, New Zealand. The New Zealand Medical Journal, 121(1271), 51–58.

Children's Travel To School in Urban Areas: A Systematic Review of Different Application Models

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 42, 1060 - 1084, 31.01.2024

Çisem Seyhan Habibe Acar

https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.1317880

Öz

This research focuses on children's transportation to school in urban areas. The first of the issues addressed in the study is the evaluation of research questions, objectives, methods used, with whom and how the research can be conducted while creating a research outline for this subject; the second includes evaluations were conducted on practices and new application models developed to support active travel between home and school for children in urban areas. In this context, this review evaluated 27 studies published between 2000 and 2019 covering the issues of walking or cycling to school from different aspects. The studies examined were handled under three main headings: the general content of the articles, their methods and procedures, and as research questions and results. According to the findings of the studies examined, seven research questions were created and concrete outputs related to the subject were presented through the answers of these questions. As a result, regarding active travel of children to school, measures to be taken in terms of safety, transportation, education, planning, design, and implementation were discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Active school travel children travel to school urban areas

Kaynakça

  • Buttazzoni, A. N., Van Kesteren, E. S., Shah, T. I., & Gilliland, J. A. (2018). Active School Travel Intervention Methodologies in North America: A Systematic Review. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 55(1), 115–124.
  • Carver, A., Panter, J. R., Jones, A. P., & van Sluijs, E. M. F. (2014). Independent mobility on the journey to school: A joint cross-sectional and prospective exploration of social and physical environmental influences. Journal of Transport and Health, 1(1), 25–32.
  • Chillón, P., Hales, D., Vaughn, A., Gizlice, Z., Ni, A., & Ward, D. S. (2014). A Cross-Sectional Study of Demographic, Environmental and Parental Barriers to Active School Travel Among Children in the United States. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 11(1), 1–10.
  • D’Haese, S., De Meester, F., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., Deforche, B., & Cardon, G. (2011). Criterion distances and environmental correlates of active commuting to school in children. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 8, 1–10.
  • Easton, S., & Ferrari, E. (2015). Children’s travel to school-the interaction of individual, neighbourhood and school factors. Transport Policy, 44, 9–18.
  • Ikeda, E., Stewart, T., Garrett, N., Egli, V., Mandic, S., Hosking, J., Witten, K., Hawley, G., Tautolo, E. S., Rodda, J., Moore, A., & Smith, M. (2018). Built environment associates of active school travel in New Zealand children and youth: A systematic meta-analysis using individual participant data. Journal of Transport and Health, 9(February), 117–131.
  • Janssen, I., & King, N. (2015). Walkable school neighborhoods are not playable neighborhoods. Health and Place, 35, 66–69.
  • Kerr, J., Rosenberg, D., Sallis, J. F., Saelens, B. E., Frank, L. D., & Conway, T. L. (2006). Active commuting to school: Associations with environment and parental concerns. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 38(4), 787–794.
  • Kyttä, M., Hirvonen, J., Rudner, J., Pirjola, I., & Laatikainen, T. (2015). The last free-range children? Children’s independent mobility in Finland in the 1990s and 2010s. Journal of Transport Geography, 47, 1–12.
  • Larouche, R., Chaput, J. P., Leduc, G., Boyer, C., Bélanger, P., Leblanc, A. G., Borghese, M. M., & Tremblay, M. S. (2014). A cross-sectional examination of socio-demographic and school-level correlates of children’s school travel mode in Ottawa, Canada. BMC Public Health, 14(1), 1–11.
  • Lu, W., McKyer, E. L. J., Lee, C., Ory, M. G., Goodson, P., & Wang, S. (2015). Children’s active commuting to school: An interplay of self-efficacy, social economic disadvantage, and environmental characteristics. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 12(1), 1–14.
  • Macdonald, L., McCrorie, P., Nicholls, N., & Ellaway, A. (2016). Walkability around primary schools and area deprivation across Scotland. BMC Public Health, 16(1), 1–7.
  • Mackett, R. L. (2002). Increasing car dependency of children: should we be worried? Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Municipal Engineer, 151(1), 29–38.
  • Mackett, R. L. (2013). Children’s travel behaviour and its health implications. Transport Policy, 26, 66–72.
  • Mah, S. K., Nettlefold, L., Macdonald, H. M., Winters, M., Race, D., Voss, C., & McKay, H. A. (2017). Does parental support influence children’s active school travel? Preventive Medicine Reports, 6, 346–351.
  • Moran, M. R., Eizenberg, E., & Plaut, P. (2017). Getting to know a place: Built environment walkability and children’s spatial representation of their home-school (h-s) route. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(6).
  • Napier, M. A., Brown, B. B., Werner, C. M., & Gallimore, J. (2011). Walking to school: Community design and child and parent barriers. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 31(1), 45–51.
  • Nasrudin, N., & Nor, A. R. M. (2013). Travelling to School: Transportation Selection by Parents and Awareness towards Sustainable Transportation. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 17, 392–400.
  • National Center for Safe Routes to School. (2007). Safe Routes to School Guide. www.saferoutesinfo.org
  • Oliver, M., Badland, H., Mavoa, S., Witten, K., Kearns, R., Ellaway, A., Hinckson, E., Mackay, L., & Schluter, P. J. (2014). Environmental and socio-demographic associates of children’s active transport to school: A cross-sectional investigation from the URBAN Study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 11(1), 1–12.
  • Osborne, P. (2005). Safe Routes for Children: What They Want and What Works. Children Youth and Environments, 15(1), 234–239.
  • Rothman, L., To, T., Buliung, R., Macarthur, C., & Howard, A. (2014). Influence of social and built environment features on children walking to school: An observational study. Preventive Medicine, 60, 10–15.
  • Shbeeb, L., & Awad, W. (2013). Walkability Of School Surroundings and Its Impact On Pedestrian Behavior. TeMA, 171–188.
  • Shokoohi, R., Hanif, N. R., & Dali, M. (2012). Influence of the Socio-Economic Factors on Children’s School Travel. Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences, 50(July), 135–147.
  • Tandoğan, O. (2014). More Livable Urban Space for Children: Practices around the World. MEGARON, 9(1), 19–33.
  • Trapp, G. S. A., Giles-Corti, B., Christian, H. E., Bulsara, M., Timperio, A. F., McCormack, G. R., & Villaneuva, K. P. (2011). On your bike! a cross-sectional study of the individual, social and environmental correlates of cycling to school. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 8, 2–11.
  • Van Dyck, D., Cardon, G., Deforche, B., & De Bourdeaudhuij, I. (2009). Lower neighbourhood walkability and longer distance to school are related to physical activity in Belgian adolescents. Preventive Medicine, 48(6), 516–518.
  • Watson, M., & Dannenberg, A. L. (2008). Investment in safe routes to school projects: Public health benefits for the larger community. Preventing Chronic Disease, 5(3), 3–9.
  • Waygood, E. O. D., & Susilo, Y. O. (2015). Walking to school in Scotland: Do perceptions of neighbourhood quality matter? IATSS Research, 38(2), 125–129.
  • Yelavich, S., Towns, C., Burt, R., Chow, K., Donohue, R., Haji, S. H., Taylor, K., Gray, A., Eberhart-phillips, J., & Reeder, A. I. (2008). Walking to school: frequency and predictors among primary school children in Dunedin, New Zealand. The New Zealand Medical Journal, 121(1271), 51–58.
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Ulaşım Planlaması
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Çisem Seyhan 0000-0002-7451-8377

Habibe Acar 0000-0002-8682-0522

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 31 Ocak 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ocak 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 42

Kaynak Göster

APA Seyhan, Ç., & Acar, H. (2024). Children’s Travel To School in Urban Areas: A Systematic Review of Different Application Models. İDEALKENT, 15(42), 1060-1084. https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.1317880
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