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NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF SMOKING ON SEMEN PARAMETERS AFTER VARICOCELECTOMY

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 1297 - 1306, 17.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.33715/inonusaglik.1198321

Öz

The negative effects of varicocele and smoking on infertility are known. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of smoking on the healing process after varicocelectomy. 378 male patients who have undergone varicocelectomy operation were included in the study. Patients were divided into three groups as non-smokers, patients, who smoke less than 10 cigarettes per day, and patients who smoke 10 or more cigarettes per day. Semen analysis of the patients before varicocelectomy operation and three months after varicocelectomy operation were evaluated and semen volume, sperm concentration and sperm motility were evaluated according to WHO (World Health Organizations) guidelines. Patient age changed between 16 and 52 and the mean age was 27.20±6.74. When cigarette usage was evaluated, it was determined that 52.82% of patients (n=220) were non-smokers, 13.8% of patients (n=52) smoke less than 10 cigarettes per day and 28.0% of patients (n=106) smoke 10 or more cigarettes per day. Improvement in sperm concentration and motility rates after varicocelectomy was determined to be lower in 10 or more cigarette smoking group compared to other groups. It is shown that cigarettes play a negative role in recovery process after varicocelectomy operation.

Kaynakça

  • Argawal, A., Deepinder, F., Cocuzza, M., Agarwal, R., Short R. A., Sabanegh, E., ...Sabanegh, E. (2007). Efficacy of varicocelectomy in improving semen parqameters: new meta-analytical approach. Urology, 70(3), 532-538.
  • Baska, K. M., Manandhar, G., Feng, D., Agca, Y., Tengowski, M. W., Sutovsky, M., …Sutovsky, P. (2008). Mechanism of extracellular ubiquitination in the mammalian epididymis. J Cell Physiol, 215(3), 684-696.
  • Benoff, S., Hurley, I., Barcia, M., Mandel, F. S., Cooper, G. W. & Hershlag, A.(1997). A potential role for cadmium in the etiology of varicocele-associated infertility. Fertil Steril, 67, 336-347.
  • Calogero, A., Polosa, R., Perdichizzi, A., Guarino, F., La Vignera, S., Scarfia, A., …Vicari, E.(2009). Cigarette smoke extract immobilizes human spermatozoa and induces sperm apoptosis. Reprod Biomed Online, 19(4), 564-571.
  • Collodel, G., Capitani, S., Iacoponi, F., Federico, M.G., Pascarelli, N. A. & Moretti, E. (2009). Retrospective assessment of potential negative synergistic effects of varicocele and tobacco use on ultrastructural spermmorphology. Urology, 74(4), 794–799.
  • Davar, R., Sekhavat, L. & Naserzadeh, N. (2012). Semen parameters of non-infertile smoker and non-smoker men. J Med Life, 5(4), 465-468.
  • Dikshit, R. K., Buch, J. G. & Mansuri, S. M. (1987). Effect of tobacco consumption on semen quality of a population of hypofertile males. Fertil Steril, 48, 334–336.
  • Fariello, R. M., Pariz, J. R., Spaine, D. M., Gozzo, F. C., Pilau, E. J., Fraietta, R., …Cedenho, A. P. (2012). Effect of smoking on the functional aspects of sperm and seminal plasma protein profiles in patients with varicocele. Hum Reprod, 27(11), 3140–3149.
  • Fujisawa, M., Yoshida, S., Matsumoto O., Kojima, K. & Kamidono, S. (1988). Deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase activity in the testes of infertil men with varicocele. Fertil Steril, 50, 795-800.
  • Ghaffari, M. A. & Rostami, M. (2013). The effect of cigarette smoking on human sperm creatine kinase activity: as an ATP buffering system in sperm. Int J Fertil Steril, 6(4), 258-265.
  • Harlev, A., Agarwal1, A., Gunes, S., Shetty, A. & Plessis, S. (2015). Smoking and male ınfertility: An evidence-based review. World J Mens Health, 33(3), 143–160.
  • Hew, K. W., Erickson, W. A. & Welsh, M. J. (1993). A single low cadmium dose causes failure of spermation in the rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 121, 15-21.
  • Kılınç, F., Kayaselçuk, F., Aygün, C., Güvel, S., Eğilmez, T. & Özkardes, H. (2004). Experimental varicocele induces hypoxia ınducible factor-1, vascular endothelial growth factor expression and angiogenesis in the rat testis. J Urol, 172, 1188-1191.
  • Lenzi, A., Gandini, L., Bagolan, P., Nahum, A. & Dondero, F. (1998). Sperm parameters after early left varicocele treatment. Fertil Steril, 69, 347–349.
  • Lewin, A., Gonen, O., Orvieto, R. & Schenker, J. G. (1991). Effect of smoking on concentration, motility and zona-free hamster test on human sperm. Arch Androl, 27, 51–54.
  • Mak, V., Jarvi K., Buckspan, M., Freeman, M., Hechter, S. & Zini, A. (2000). Smoking is associated with the retention of cytoplasm by human spermatozoa. Urology, 56, 463–466.
  • Pappas, R. S., Fresquez, M. R., Martone, N. & Watson, C. H. (2014). Toxic metal concentrations in mainstream smoke from cigarettes available in the USA. J Anal Toxicol, 38(4), 204-211.
  • Ramlau-Hansen, C. H., Thulstrup, A. M., Aggerholm, A. S., Jensen, M. S., Toft, G. & Bonde, J. P. (2007). Is smoking a risk factor for decreased semen quality? A crosssectional analysis. Hum Reprod, 22, 188–196.
  • Rossi, B. V., Berry K. F., Hornstein, M. D., Cramer, D. W., Ehrlich, S. & Missmer, S. A. (2011). Effect of alcohol consumption on in vitro fertilization. Obstet Gynecol, 117(1), 136-142.
  • Saleh R. A., Agarwal A., Sharma R. K., Nelson D. R. & Thomas A. J. (2002). Effect of cigarette smoking on levels of seminal oxidative stress in infertile men: a prospective study. Fertil Steril, 78, 491–499.
  • Saleh R. A., Agarwal A., Sharma R. K., Said T. M., Sikka S. C. & Thomas A. J. (2003). Evaluation of nuclear DNA damage in spermatozoa from infertile men with varicocele. Fertil Steril, 80, 1431-1436.
  • Sofikitis, N., Miyagawa, I., Dimitriadis, D., Zavos, P., Sikka, S. & Hellstrom, W. (1995). Effects of smoking on testicular function, semen quality and sperm fertilizing capacity. J Urol, 154, 1030–1034.
  • Taszarek, H. G., Depa- Martynów, M., Derwich, K., Pawelczyk, L. & Jedrzejczak, P. (2005). The influence of cigarette smoking on sperm quality of male smokers and nonsmokers in infertile couples. Przegl Lek, 62(10), 978-981.
  • Trummer, H., Habermann, H., Haas, J. & Pummer, K. (2002). The impact of cigarette smoking on human semen parameters and hormones. Hum Reprod, 17, 1554–1559.
  • Vine, M. F., Margolin, B. H., Morrison, H. I. & Hulka, B. S. (1994). Cigarette smoking and sperm density: a meta-analysis. Fertil Steril, 61, 35–43.
  • Witt, M. A. & Lipshultz, L. I. (1993) Varicocele: a progressive or static lesion? Urology, 42, 541–543.
  • Zinaman, M. J., Brown, C. C., Selevan, S. G. & Clegg, E. D. (2000). Semen quality and human fertility: a prospective study with healthy couples. J Androl, 21, 145–153.
  • Zini, A. & Dohle, G. (2011). Are varicoceles associated with increased deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation? Fertil Steril, 96(6), 1283-1287.

Sigara Kullanımının Varikoselektomi Sonrası Semen Parametreleri Üzerine Olumsuz Etkileri

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 1297 - 1306, 17.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.33715/inonusaglik.1198321

Öz

Varikosel ve sigaranın fertilite üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri bilinmektedir. Çalışmamızda varikoselektomi sonrası sigaranın iyileşme sürecine etkisini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Çalışmaya varikoselektomi operasyonu geçirmiş 378 erkek hasta dâhil edildi. Hastalar, sigara içmeyenler, günde 10 adetten az sigara içenler ve günde 10 adet ve üzeri sigara içenler olmak üzere üç gruba ayrıldı. Hastaların semen analizleri varikoselektomi operasyonu öncesi ve varikoselektomi operasyonundan 3 üç ay sonra değerlendirildi ve semen hacmi, sperm konsantrasyonu ve sperm motilitesi WHO (Dünya Sağlık Örgütü) kılavuzlarına göre değerlendirildi. Hasta yaşı 16 ile 52 arasında değişmekte olup, yaş ortalaması 27.20±6.74'tü. Sigara kullanımı değerlendirildiğinde hastaların %52.82'sinin (n=220) sigara içmediği, hastaların %13.8'inin (n=52) günde 10 adetten az sigara içtiği, %28.0'ının (n=106) günde 10 ve üzeri sigara içtiği belirlendi. Varikoselektomi sonrası sperm konsantrasyonu ve motilite oranlarındaki iyileşme 10 ve üzeri sigara içen grupta diğer gruplara göre daha düşük saptandı. Varikoselektomi ameliyatı sonrası iyileşme sürecinde sigaranın olumsuz rol oynadığı gösterilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Argawal, A., Deepinder, F., Cocuzza, M., Agarwal, R., Short R. A., Sabanegh, E., ...Sabanegh, E. (2007). Efficacy of varicocelectomy in improving semen parqameters: new meta-analytical approach. Urology, 70(3), 532-538.
  • Baska, K. M., Manandhar, G., Feng, D., Agca, Y., Tengowski, M. W., Sutovsky, M., …Sutovsky, P. (2008). Mechanism of extracellular ubiquitination in the mammalian epididymis. J Cell Physiol, 215(3), 684-696.
  • Benoff, S., Hurley, I., Barcia, M., Mandel, F. S., Cooper, G. W. & Hershlag, A.(1997). A potential role for cadmium in the etiology of varicocele-associated infertility. Fertil Steril, 67, 336-347.
  • Calogero, A., Polosa, R., Perdichizzi, A., Guarino, F., La Vignera, S., Scarfia, A., …Vicari, E.(2009). Cigarette smoke extract immobilizes human spermatozoa and induces sperm apoptosis. Reprod Biomed Online, 19(4), 564-571.
  • Collodel, G., Capitani, S., Iacoponi, F., Federico, M.G., Pascarelli, N. A. & Moretti, E. (2009). Retrospective assessment of potential negative synergistic effects of varicocele and tobacco use on ultrastructural spermmorphology. Urology, 74(4), 794–799.
  • Davar, R., Sekhavat, L. & Naserzadeh, N. (2012). Semen parameters of non-infertile smoker and non-smoker men. J Med Life, 5(4), 465-468.
  • Dikshit, R. K., Buch, J. G. & Mansuri, S. M. (1987). Effect of tobacco consumption on semen quality of a population of hypofertile males. Fertil Steril, 48, 334–336.
  • Fariello, R. M., Pariz, J. R., Spaine, D. M., Gozzo, F. C., Pilau, E. J., Fraietta, R., …Cedenho, A. P. (2012). Effect of smoking on the functional aspects of sperm and seminal plasma protein profiles in patients with varicocele. Hum Reprod, 27(11), 3140–3149.
  • Fujisawa, M., Yoshida, S., Matsumoto O., Kojima, K. & Kamidono, S. (1988). Deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase activity in the testes of infertil men with varicocele. Fertil Steril, 50, 795-800.
  • Ghaffari, M. A. & Rostami, M. (2013). The effect of cigarette smoking on human sperm creatine kinase activity: as an ATP buffering system in sperm. Int J Fertil Steril, 6(4), 258-265.
  • Harlev, A., Agarwal1, A., Gunes, S., Shetty, A. & Plessis, S. (2015). Smoking and male ınfertility: An evidence-based review. World J Mens Health, 33(3), 143–160.
  • Hew, K. W., Erickson, W. A. & Welsh, M. J. (1993). A single low cadmium dose causes failure of spermation in the rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 121, 15-21.
  • Kılınç, F., Kayaselçuk, F., Aygün, C., Güvel, S., Eğilmez, T. & Özkardes, H. (2004). Experimental varicocele induces hypoxia ınducible factor-1, vascular endothelial growth factor expression and angiogenesis in the rat testis. J Urol, 172, 1188-1191.
  • Lenzi, A., Gandini, L., Bagolan, P., Nahum, A. & Dondero, F. (1998). Sperm parameters after early left varicocele treatment. Fertil Steril, 69, 347–349.
  • Lewin, A., Gonen, O., Orvieto, R. & Schenker, J. G. (1991). Effect of smoking on concentration, motility and zona-free hamster test on human sperm. Arch Androl, 27, 51–54.
  • Mak, V., Jarvi K., Buckspan, M., Freeman, M., Hechter, S. & Zini, A. (2000). Smoking is associated with the retention of cytoplasm by human spermatozoa. Urology, 56, 463–466.
  • Pappas, R. S., Fresquez, M. R., Martone, N. & Watson, C. H. (2014). Toxic metal concentrations in mainstream smoke from cigarettes available in the USA. J Anal Toxicol, 38(4), 204-211.
  • Ramlau-Hansen, C. H., Thulstrup, A. M., Aggerholm, A. S., Jensen, M. S., Toft, G. & Bonde, J. P. (2007). Is smoking a risk factor for decreased semen quality? A crosssectional analysis. Hum Reprod, 22, 188–196.
  • Rossi, B. V., Berry K. F., Hornstein, M. D., Cramer, D. W., Ehrlich, S. & Missmer, S. A. (2011). Effect of alcohol consumption on in vitro fertilization. Obstet Gynecol, 117(1), 136-142.
  • Saleh R. A., Agarwal A., Sharma R. K., Nelson D. R. & Thomas A. J. (2002). Effect of cigarette smoking on levels of seminal oxidative stress in infertile men: a prospective study. Fertil Steril, 78, 491–499.
  • Saleh R. A., Agarwal A., Sharma R. K., Said T. M., Sikka S. C. & Thomas A. J. (2003). Evaluation of nuclear DNA damage in spermatozoa from infertile men with varicocele. Fertil Steril, 80, 1431-1436.
  • Sofikitis, N., Miyagawa, I., Dimitriadis, D., Zavos, P., Sikka, S. & Hellstrom, W. (1995). Effects of smoking on testicular function, semen quality and sperm fertilizing capacity. J Urol, 154, 1030–1034.
  • Taszarek, H. G., Depa- Martynów, M., Derwich, K., Pawelczyk, L. & Jedrzejczak, P. (2005). The influence of cigarette smoking on sperm quality of male smokers and nonsmokers in infertile couples. Przegl Lek, 62(10), 978-981.
  • Trummer, H., Habermann, H., Haas, J. & Pummer, K. (2002). The impact of cigarette smoking on human semen parameters and hormones. Hum Reprod, 17, 1554–1559.
  • Vine, M. F., Margolin, B. H., Morrison, H. I. & Hulka, B. S. (1994). Cigarette smoking and sperm density: a meta-analysis. Fertil Steril, 61, 35–43.
  • Witt, M. A. & Lipshultz, L. I. (1993) Varicocele: a progressive or static lesion? Urology, 42, 541–543.
  • Zinaman, M. J., Brown, C. C., Selevan, S. G. & Clegg, E. D. (2000). Semen quality and human fertility: a prospective study with healthy couples. J Androl, 21, 145–153.
  • Zini, A. & Dohle, G. (2011). Are varicoceles associated with increased deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation? Fertil Steril, 96(6), 1283-1287.
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Muhammet Serdar Buğday 0000-0002-3745-1302

Ersoy Öksüz 0000-0002-8088-1009

Murat Dursun 0000-0001-9115-7203

Serhan Çimen 0000-0002-6612-0166

Muhammed Sulukaya Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-4674-908X

Battal Selçuk Çakmak 0000-0002-3745-1302

Yayımlanma Tarihi 17 Mart 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Kasım 2022
Kabul Tarihi 8 Ocak 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Buğday, M. S., Öksüz, E., Dursun, M., Çimen, S., vd. (2023). NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF SMOKING ON SEMEN PARAMETERS AFTER VARICOCELECTOMY. İnönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksek Okulu Dergisi, 11(1), 1297-1306. https://doi.org/10.33715/inonusaglik.1198321