Effect of yeast culture supplementation to beef rations on feedlot performance, some rumen and blood parameters
Öz
Sixteen Holstein beef cattles, weighing 270 kg and 5-6 months age, were assigned to one of two treatments (8 animal per treatment) in a completely randomized design. All animals in both groups fed with basal diet containig; concentrated feed, barley, cottonseed meal and straw. Live yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 1,4 X 108 cfu/g) incorporated into yeast group rations 50 g/d. The study lasted 135 days. At the beginning of the trial, animals were adapted to the basal diet over a 15- day period. Feed consumption was measured daily, while body weight and body weight gain was measured monthly. At the end of the study, four animals from each groups were slaughtered and the hot carcass yield was determined. Rumen contents were collected on days 45th and 90th analyzed for pH, volatile fatty acids and ammonia-N (NH3-N). Dietary treatment had no effect (p>0,05) on DMI (Dry matter intake), FCR (Feed conversion ratio), final live body weight, and ADG (Avarage daily gain) (p>0,05). Carcass yield was significantly (p˂0,05) increased by dietary inclusion of yeast so that carcasss yield was 50,65% and 52,75% in control and yeast group respectively, in the yeast group. There was also no significant (p>0,05) differences for rumen volatile fatty acids (VFA) and ammonia-N between each groups. However, rumen pH was lower (p<0,05) for the yeast group. No differences (p>0,05) between groups were observed regarding blood parameters
Anahtar Kelimeler
Beef cattle blood metabolites feedlot performance live yeast culture rumen metabolites
Kaynakça
- Abd El-Ghanii A (2004): Influence of diet supplementation with yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on performance of Zaraibi goats. Small Rum Res, 52, 223– 229.
- Adams DC, Galyean ML, Kiesling HE, Wallace JD, Finkner MD (1981): Influence of viable yeast culture, sodium bicarbonate and monensin on liquid dilution rate, rumen fermentation and feedlot performance of growing steers and digestibility in lambs. J Anim Sci, 53, 780-789.
- Anadón A (2006): The EU ban of antibiotics as feed additives: Alternatives and consumer safety. J Vet Pharmacol Ther, 29, 41–44, 2006.
- Andrighetto I, Bailoni L, Cozzi G, Beriaghi P (1993): Effects of yeast culture addition on digestion in sheep fed a high concentrate diet. Small Rum Res, 12, 27-34.
- Angeles C, Mendoza M, Cobos P, Crosby G, Castrejon, P (1998): Comparison of two commercial yeast cultures (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on ruminal fermentation and digestion in sheep fed on corn-stover diet. Small Ruminant Res, 31, 45-50.
- Arakaki LC, Stahringer RC, Garrett JE, Dehority BA (2000): The effects of feeding monensin and yeast culture, alone or in combination, on the concentration and generic composition of rumen protozoa in steers fed on low-quality pasture supplemented with increasing levels of concentrate. Anim Feed Sci Tech, 84, 121-127.
- AOAC (2003): Association of Official Analytical Chemists Official Methods of Analysis. 17th ed. 2nd Revision. Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
- Aydın C, Galip N, Yaman K, Fahrünisa C (2003): Kaba ve Konsantre yem ağırlıklı beslenen kıvırcık erkek toklu- larda Saccharomyces cerevisiae canlı maya kültürünün rumen sıvısı metabolitleri ve protozoonlar üzerine etkisi. Turk J Anim Sci, 27, 1453-1440.
- Bagheri M, Ghorbani GR, Rahmani HR, Khorvash MN, Sudekum KH (2009): Effect of live yeast and mannan-oligosaccharides on performance of early- lactation Holstein dairy cows. Asian-Aust. J Anim Sci, 22, 812-818.
- Beauchemin KA, Wang WZ, Morgavi DP, Ghorbani GR, Kautz W, Leedle, JAZ (2003): Effects of bacterial‐fed microbial and yeast on site and extent of digestion, blood chemistry, and subclinical acidosis in feedlot cattle. J Anim Sci, 81, 1628 – 1640.
- Cabrera EJI, Mendoza MGD, Aranda IE, Garcia- Bojalili C, Barcena GR, Ramos JJA Saccharomyces cerevisae and nitrogenous supplementation in growing steers grazing tropical pastures. Anim Feed Sci and Technol, 83, 49-55. (2000):
- Chaucheyras F, Fonty G (2001): Establishment of cellulolytic bacteria and development of fermentative activities in the rumen of gnotobiotically-reared lambs receiving the microbial additive Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-1077. Reprod Nutr Dev, 41, 57-65.
- Chaucheyras F, Fonty G (2002): Influence of a probiotic yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-1077) on culture supplement on production, rumen
- Erwin ES, Marco GJ, Emery E (1961): Volatile fatty acid analysis of blood and rumen fluid by gas chromatog- raphy. J Dairy Sci, 44, 1768-1776.
- Fiems LO, Cottyn BG, Dussert L, Vonseker JM (1993): Effect of a viable yeast culture on digestibility and rumen fermentation in sheep fed different types of diets. Rep Nutr Dev, 33, 43-49.
- Fonty G, Chaucheyras F (2006): Effects and modes of action of live yeasts in the rumen. Section Cellular and Molecular Biology. 61, 741-750.
- Galip, N (2006): Effects of dietary Saccharomyces cerevisiae live yeast culture supplementation on ruminal digestion and protozoa count in rams fed with diets with low or high ratio forage/concentrate. Revue Med Vet, 157, 609-613
- Garcia CCG, Mendoza, MGD, Gonzalez MS, Cobos PM, Ortega, CME, Ramirez LR (2000): Effect of a yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and monensin on ruminal fermentation and digestion in sheep. Anim Feed Sci Tech, 83, 165-170.
- Garcia JLA, Castrejon FA, Mendoza GD, Gavilan EPP (2000): Effect of two commercial yeast cultures with Saccharomyces cerevisiae on ruminal fermentation and digestion in sheep fed sugar cane tops. Livest Prod Sci, 63, 153-157.
- Giger SR, Sauvant D, Tessier J, Bertin G, Morand FP (2004): Effect of live yeast culture supplementation on rumen fermentation in lactating dairy goats. South Afr J Anim Sci, 34, 59-61.
- Goering HK, Van Soest PJ (1970): Forage fibre analysis, Agric Handbook No, 379. Washington, DC (Agricultural Research Service) US, Dep, Agric.
- Gomes RC, Lena PR, Silva SL, Antunes MT, Guedes CF (2009): Carcass quality of feedlot finished steers fed yeast, monensin and the association of both additives. Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec, 6, 648-654.
- Haddad SG, Goussous SN (2005): Effect of yeast culture supplementation on nutrient intake, digestibility and growth performance of Awassi lambs. Anim Feed Sci and Technol, 118, 343-348.
- Harrison GA, Hemken RW, Dawson KA, Harmon RJ, Barker KB (1988): Influence of additionof yeast culture supplement to diets of lactating cows on ruminal fermentation and microbial populations. J Dairy Sci, 71, 2967-2975.
- İnal F, Gürbüz E, Çoşkun B, Alataş MS, Çitil ÖB, Polat ES, Şeker E, Özcan C (2010): The effects of live yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on rumen fermentation and nutrient degradability in yearling lambs. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 16, 799-804.
- Kumar U, Sareen, VK, Singh S (1997): Effect of yeast culture supplementation on ruminal microbial populations and metabolism in buffalo calves fed a high roughage diet. J Sci Food Agric, 73, 231–236.
- Lascano GJ, Heinrichs, AJ (2009): Rumen fermentation pattern of dairy heifers fed restricted amounts of low, medium, and high concentrate diets without and with yeast culture. Livestock Sci, 124, 48-57.
- Lesmeister KE, Heinrichs AJ, Gabler MT (2004): Effects of supplemental yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisae) culture on rumen development, growth characteristics, and blood parameters in neonatal dairy calves. J Dairy Sci, 87, 1832‐1839.
- Malcolm KJ, Kiesling, HE (1990): Effects of whole cottonseed and liye yeast culture on ruminal fermentation and fluid passage rate in steers. J Anim Sci, 68, 1965- 1970.
- McCullough (1967): The determination of ammonia in whole blood by a direct colorimetric method. Clin Chim Acta, 17, 297-304.
- Mir Z, Mir PS (1994): Effect of the addition of live yeast on growth and carcass quality of steers fed high-forage or high-grain diets and on feed digestibility and in situ degradability. J Anim Sci, 72, 537-545.
- Mutsvangwa T, Edwards IE, Topps, JH, Paterson GFM (1992): The effect of dietary inclusion of yeast culture (Yea Sacc) on patterns of rumen fermentation, food intake and growth of intensively fed bulls. Anim Pro, 55, 35-40.
- Nisbet DJ, Martin SA (1991): Effect of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture on lactate utilization by the ruminal bacterium Selenomonas ruminantium. J Anim Sci, 69, 4628-4633.
- NRC (2000): National Research Council, Nurient requirements of beef cattle. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC.
- Nursoy H, Baytok E (2003): Ekmek mayasının süt ineği rasyonlarında kullanılmasının süt verimi, bazı rumen sıvısı parametreleri ve kan metabolitleri üzerine etkisi. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 27, 7-13.
- Pienar, GH, Einkamerar OB, Merwe HJ, Hugo A, Scholtz GDJ, Fair MD (2012): The effects of an active yeast product on the growth performance of finishing lambs. S Afr J Anim Sci, 42, 464-468.
- Piva G, Belladanna S, Fusconi G, Sicbaldi, F: (1993). Effects of yeast on dairy cow performance, ruminal fermentation, blood components and milk manufacturing properties. J Dairy Sci, 76, 2717-2722.
- Putnam DE, Schwab CG, Socha MT, Whitestone NL, Kierstead NA, Gaithwaite BD (1997): Effect of yeast culture in the diets of early lactation dairy cows on ruminal fermentation and passage of nitrogen fractions and amino acids to the small intestine. J Dairy Sci, 80, 374-384.
- Quigley JD, Wallis, LB, Dowlen HH, Heitmann RN (1992): Sodium bicarbonate and yeast culture effects on ruminal fermentation, growth and intake in dairy calves. J Dairy Sci, 75, 3531–3538.
- Titi HH, Abdullah AY, Lubbadeh WF, Obeidat BS (2008): Growth and carcass characteristics of male dairy calves on a yeast culturesupplemented diet. S Afr J Anim Sci, 38, 174-183.
- TSE (1991): Hayvan Yemleri. Metabolik (Çevrilebilir) Enerji Tayini (Kimyasal Metot). Türk Standartları Enstitü- sü, TSE No: 9610, Aralık, Ankara.
Besi sığırı rasyonlarına maya kültürü ilavesinin besi performansı ile bazı rumen ve kan parametreleri üzerine etkisi
Öz
Araştırmada 5-6 aylık yaşta, ortalama 270 kg canlı ağırlığında 16 adet erkek Holştayn ırkı besi sığırı kullanılmıştır. Her birinde sekiz adet hayvan bulunacak şekilde kontrol ve maya grubu olmak üzere iki gruba ayrılmış ve bireysel bölmelerde barındırılmışlardır. Hayvanlar fabrika yemi, arpa, pamuk tohumu küspesi ve saman ile beslenmişlerdir. Maya grubu rasyonuna günlük 50 gram canlı maya kültürü (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 1,4 X 108 cfu/g) ilavesi yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma, 15 gün alıştırma, 120 gün deneme olmak üzere toplam 135 gün sürdürülmüştür. Yem tüketimi günlük, canlı ağırlık ve canlı ağırlık artışı aylık olarak saptanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonunda her bir gruptan rastgele dörder hayvan seçilerek karkas randımanı belirlenmiştir. Rumen içeriği deneme periyodunun 45. ve 90. günlerinde alınarak pH, uçucu yağ asidi, amonyak azotu (NH3-N) yönünden incelenmiştir. Gruplar arasında canlı ağırlık, canlı ağırlık artışı, kuru madde tüketimi ve yemden yaralanma oranı bakımından farkın önemli olmadığı belirlenmiştir (p>0,05). Kontrol grubunda sıcak karkas randımanı %50,65; maya grubunda ise %52,75 olarak saptanmıştır. Gruplar arasındaki fark istatistik bakımdan önemli bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Rumen sıvısı uçucu yağ asitlerinde ve amonyak azotunda istatistik bakımdan fark önemli bulunmamıştır (p> 0,05). Ancak rumen sıvısı pH değeri bakımından gruplar arasında fark istatistik olarak önemli bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Denemenin 45. ve 90. gün kan parametreleri bakımından gruplar arasında istatistik olarak önemli bir fark bulunmamıştır (p>0,05)
Anahtar Kelimeler
Besi performansı besi sığırı canlı maya kültürü kan metabolitleri rumen metabolitleri
Kaynakça
- Abd El-Ghanii A (2004): Influence of diet supplementation with yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on performance of Zaraibi goats. Small Rum Res, 52, 223– 229.
- Adams DC, Galyean ML, Kiesling HE, Wallace JD, Finkner MD (1981): Influence of viable yeast culture, sodium bicarbonate and monensin on liquid dilution rate, rumen fermentation and feedlot performance of growing steers and digestibility in lambs. J Anim Sci, 53, 780-789.
- Anadón A (2006): The EU ban of antibiotics as feed additives: Alternatives and consumer safety. J Vet Pharmacol Ther, 29, 41–44, 2006.
- Andrighetto I, Bailoni L, Cozzi G, Beriaghi P (1993): Effects of yeast culture addition on digestion in sheep fed a high concentrate diet. Small Rum Res, 12, 27-34.
- Angeles C, Mendoza M, Cobos P, Crosby G, Castrejon, P (1998): Comparison of two commercial yeast cultures (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on ruminal fermentation and digestion in sheep fed on corn-stover diet. Small Ruminant Res, 31, 45-50.
- Arakaki LC, Stahringer RC, Garrett JE, Dehority BA (2000): The effects of feeding monensin and yeast culture, alone or in combination, on the concentration and generic composition of rumen protozoa in steers fed on low-quality pasture supplemented with increasing levels of concentrate. Anim Feed Sci Tech, 84, 121-127.
- AOAC (2003): Association of Official Analytical Chemists Official Methods of Analysis. 17th ed. 2nd Revision. Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
- Aydın C, Galip N, Yaman K, Fahrünisa C (2003): Kaba ve Konsantre yem ağırlıklı beslenen kıvırcık erkek toklu- larda Saccharomyces cerevisiae canlı maya kültürünün rumen sıvısı metabolitleri ve protozoonlar üzerine etkisi. Turk J Anim Sci, 27, 1453-1440.
- Bagheri M, Ghorbani GR, Rahmani HR, Khorvash MN, Sudekum KH (2009): Effect of live yeast and mannan-oligosaccharides on performance of early- lactation Holstein dairy cows. Asian-Aust. J Anim Sci, 22, 812-818.
- Beauchemin KA, Wang WZ, Morgavi DP, Ghorbani GR, Kautz W, Leedle, JAZ (2003): Effects of bacterial‐fed microbial and yeast on site and extent of digestion, blood chemistry, and subclinical acidosis in feedlot cattle. J Anim Sci, 81, 1628 – 1640.
- Cabrera EJI, Mendoza MGD, Aranda IE, Garcia- Bojalili C, Barcena GR, Ramos JJA Saccharomyces cerevisae and nitrogenous supplementation in growing steers grazing tropical pastures. Anim Feed Sci and Technol, 83, 49-55. (2000):
- Chaucheyras F, Fonty G (2001): Establishment of cellulolytic bacteria and development of fermentative activities in the rumen of gnotobiotically-reared lambs receiving the microbial additive Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-1077. Reprod Nutr Dev, 41, 57-65.
- Chaucheyras F, Fonty G (2002): Influence of a probiotic yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-1077) on culture supplement on production, rumen
- Erwin ES, Marco GJ, Emery E (1961): Volatile fatty acid analysis of blood and rumen fluid by gas chromatog- raphy. J Dairy Sci, 44, 1768-1776.
- Fiems LO, Cottyn BG, Dussert L, Vonseker JM (1993): Effect of a viable yeast culture on digestibility and rumen fermentation in sheep fed different types of diets. Rep Nutr Dev, 33, 43-49.
- Fonty G, Chaucheyras F (2006): Effects and modes of action of live yeasts in the rumen. Section Cellular and Molecular Biology. 61, 741-750.
- Galip, N (2006): Effects of dietary Saccharomyces cerevisiae live yeast culture supplementation on ruminal digestion and protozoa count in rams fed with diets with low or high ratio forage/concentrate. Revue Med Vet, 157, 609-613
- Garcia CCG, Mendoza, MGD, Gonzalez MS, Cobos PM, Ortega, CME, Ramirez LR (2000): Effect of a yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and monensin on ruminal fermentation and digestion in sheep. Anim Feed Sci Tech, 83, 165-170.
- Garcia JLA, Castrejon FA, Mendoza GD, Gavilan EPP (2000): Effect of two commercial yeast cultures with Saccharomyces cerevisiae on ruminal fermentation and digestion in sheep fed sugar cane tops. Livest Prod Sci, 63, 153-157.
- Giger SR, Sauvant D, Tessier J, Bertin G, Morand FP (2004): Effect of live yeast culture supplementation on rumen fermentation in lactating dairy goats. South Afr J Anim Sci, 34, 59-61.
- Goering HK, Van Soest PJ (1970): Forage fibre analysis, Agric Handbook No, 379. Washington, DC (Agricultural Research Service) US, Dep, Agric.
- Gomes RC, Lena PR, Silva SL, Antunes MT, Guedes CF (2009): Carcass quality of feedlot finished steers fed yeast, monensin and the association of both additives. Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec, 6, 648-654.
- Haddad SG, Goussous SN (2005): Effect of yeast culture supplementation on nutrient intake, digestibility and growth performance of Awassi lambs. Anim Feed Sci and Technol, 118, 343-348.
- Harrison GA, Hemken RW, Dawson KA, Harmon RJ, Barker KB (1988): Influence of additionof yeast culture supplement to diets of lactating cows on ruminal fermentation and microbial populations. J Dairy Sci, 71, 2967-2975.
- İnal F, Gürbüz E, Çoşkun B, Alataş MS, Çitil ÖB, Polat ES, Şeker E, Özcan C (2010): The effects of live yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on rumen fermentation and nutrient degradability in yearling lambs. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 16, 799-804.
- Kumar U, Sareen, VK, Singh S (1997): Effect of yeast culture supplementation on ruminal microbial populations and metabolism in buffalo calves fed a high roughage diet. J Sci Food Agric, 73, 231–236.
- Lascano GJ, Heinrichs, AJ (2009): Rumen fermentation pattern of dairy heifers fed restricted amounts of low, medium, and high concentrate diets without and with yeast culture. Livestock Sci, 124, 48-57.
- Lesmeister KE, Heinrichs AJ, Gabler MT (2004): Effects of supplemental yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisae) culture on rumen development, growth characteristics, and blood parameters in neonatal dairy calves. J Dairy Sci, 87, 1832‐1839.
- Malcolm KJ, Kiesling, HE (1990): Effects of whole cottonseed and liye yeast culture on ruminal fermentation and fluid passage rate in steers. J Anim Sci, 68, 1965- 1970.
- McCullough (1967): The determination of ammonia in whole blood by a direct colorimetric method. Clin Chim Acta, 17, 297-304.
- Mir Z, Mir PS (1994): Effect of the addition of live yeast on growth and carcass quality of steers fed high-forage or high-grain diets and on feed digestibility and in situ degradability. J Anim Sci, 72, 537-545.
- Mutsvangwa T, Edwards IE, Topps, JH, Paterson GFM (1992): The effect of dietary inclusion of yeast culture (Yea Sacc) on patterns of rumen fermentation, food intake and growth of intensively fed bulls. Anim Pro, 55, 35-40.
- Nisbet DJ, Martin SA (1991): Effect of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture on lactate utilization by the ruminal bacterium Selenomonas ruminantium. J Anim Sci, 69, 4628-4633.
- NRC (2000): National Research Council, Nurient requirements of beef cattle. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC.
- Nursoy H, Baytok E (2003): Ekmek mayasının süt ineği rasyonlarında kullanılmasının süt verimi, bazı rumen sıvısı parametreleri ve kan metabolitleri üzerine etkisi. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 27, 7-13.
- Pienar, GH, Einkamerar OB, Merwe HJ, Hugo A, Scholtz GDJ, Fair MD (2012): The effects of an active yeast product on the growth performance of finishing lambs. S Afr J Anim Sci, 42, 464-468.
- Piva G, Belladanna S, Fusconi G, Sicbaldi, F: (1993). Effects of yeast on dairy cow performance, ruminal fermentation, blood components and milk manufacturing properties. J Dairy Sci, 76, 2717-2722.
- Putnam DE, Schwab CG, Socha MT, Whitestone NL, Kierstead NA, Gaithwaite BD (1997): Effect of yeast culture in the diets of early lactation dairy cows on ruminal fermentation and passage of nitrogen fractions and amino acids to the small intestine. J Dairy Sci, 80, 374-384.
- Quigley JD, Wallis, LB, Dowlen HH, Heitmann RN (1992): Sodium bicarbonate and yeast culture effects on ruminal fermentation, growth and intake in dairy calves. J Dairy Sci, 75, 3531–3538.
- Titi HH, Abdullah AY, Lubbadeh WF, Obeidat BS (2008): Growth and carcass characteristics of male dairy calves on a yeast culturesupplemented diet. S Afr J Anim Sci, 38, 174-183.
- TSE (1991): Hayvan Yemleri. Metabolik (Çevrilebilir) Enerji Tayini (Kimyasal Metot). Türk Standartları Enstitü- sü, TSE No: 9610, Aralık, Ankara.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Veteriner Cerrahi |
| Diğer ID | JA58HG24GB |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Mart 2016 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2016Cilt: 63 Sayı: 1 |