Editöre Mektup
Yıl 2013,
Cilt: 60 Sayı: 1, 47 - 52, 01.03.2013
Öz
Platelet activating factors (PAF1β, PAF1γ, PAF:ah, PAF-R) have a significant role during mammalian pregnancy process. This study aimed to investigate expression profiles of PAF gene family in cat uterus during pregnancy. Tissue samples were collected via ovariohysterectomy at days 7 (Gr1; n=3), 18-20 (Gr2; n=7), 24-25 (Gr3; n=5) after mating from the different regions of the uterus. Relative expression levels of genes were quantified using real-time qRT-PCR. A mixed model was fitted on the normalized data and Least Significant Difference (LSD) test was employed to determine significant differences between groups. Expressions of PAF genes were assessed in the cat uterus during pregnancy around implantation period; however, no significant differences were detected between the preimplantation and the implantation stage. Similarly, no significant difference concerning mRNA expression was assessed between different parts of the uterus during pregnancy. In conclusion, PAF genes are expressed in the cat uterus during early pregnancy. However, this expression is not associated with changes in the uterus during early pregnancy
Kaynakça
- Abisogun AO, Braquet P, Tsafriri A (1989): The involvement of platelet activating factor in ovulation. Science, 243, 381-383.
- Acker G, Hecquet F, Etienne A, Braquet P, Mencia- Huerta JM (1988): Role of platelet-activating factor (PAF) in the ovoimplantation in the rat: effect of the specific PAF-acether antagonist, BN 52021. Prostaglandins 35, 233–241.
- Ahmed A, Dearn S (1996): The role of platelet-activating factor and its receptor in endometrial receptivity. Adv Exp Med Biol 416, 277–290.
- Alecozay AA, Casslen BG, Riehl RM, Deleon FD, Harper MJK, Silvia M, Nouchi TA, Hanahan DJ (1989): Platelet-activating factor in human luteal phase endometrium. Biol. Reprod. 41, 578–586.
- Angle MJ, Jones MA, McManus LM, Pinckard RN, Harper MJK (1988): Platelet-activating factor in the rabbit uterus during early pregnancy. J. Reprod. Fertil. 83, 711–722.
- Atlı MO, Güzeloğlu A, Kurar E, Kayış SA, Aslan S, Semacan A, Çelik S (2012) Expression of Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) and Heparin-Binding EGF (HB- EGF) RNA in Mare Endometrium. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 18, 463-467.
- Battye KM, Evans G, O’Neill C (1996): Ovine endometrium synthesizes and releases platelet-activating factor, which can cause the release of prostaglandin F2α by the uterus in situ. Biol Reprod 54, 355–63.
- Billah MM, DiRenzo GC, Ban C, Truong CT, Hoffman DR, Anceschi MM, Bleasdale JE, Johnston JM (1985): Platelet-activating factor metabolism in human amnion and the responses of this tissue to extracellular platelet- activating factor. Prostaglandins, 30, 841–850.
- Cabre F, Tost D, Suesa N, Gutierrez M, Ucedo P, Mauleon D, Carganico G (1993): Synthesis and release of plateletactivating factor and eicosanoids in human endothelial cells induced by different agonists. Agents Actions 38, 212–219.
- Chami O, Megevand A, Ott T, Bazer F, O’Neill C (1999): Platelet-activating factor may as an endogenous pulse generatior for sheep of luteolytic PGF2alpha release. Am J Physiol 276, 783–792.
- Chami O, Evans G, O’Neill C (2004): Components of a plateletactivating factor-signaling loop are assembled in the ovine endometrium late in the estrous cycle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 287, E233–E240.
- Chao W, Olson MS (1993): Platelet-activating factor: receptors and signal transduction. Biochem J 292, 617– 629.
- Chen WP, Chen A, Lin CY (1995): In vitro effects of interleukins on human mesangial cells: implications for glomerulonephritis. J Pathol 175, 327–337.
- Greenberg SG, Clark KE (1999): Hemodynamic effects of platelet-activating factor in nonpregnant and pregnant sheep. Am J Physiol Integr Comp Physiol, 277, R996- R1001.
- Gross TS, Thatcher WW, O'Neill C, Danet-Desnoyers G (1990): Platelet-activating factor alters the dynamics of prostaglandin and protein synthesis by endometrial explants from pregnant and cyclic cows at day 17 following estrus. Theriogenology 34, 205-218.
- Harper MJK (1989): Platelet-activating factor: a paracrine factor in pre-implantation stages of reproduction? Biol Reprod, 40, 907-913.
- Honda Z, Nakamura M, Miki I, Minami M, Watanabe T, Seyama Y, Okado H, Toh H, Ito K, Miyamoto T (1991): Cloning by functional expression of platelet- activating factor receptor from guinea-pig lung. Nature, 349, 342–346.
- Kayis SA, Atli MO, Kurar E, Bozkaya F, Aslan S, Semacan A, Guzeloglu A (2011): Rating of putative housekeeping genes for quantitative gene expression analysis in cyclic and early pregnant equine endo- metrium. Anim Reprod Sci 125, 124-132.
- Kim BK, Ozaki H, Lee S-M, Karaki H (1995): Increased sensitivity of rat myometrium to the contractile effect of platelet activating factor before delivery. Br J Pharmacol 115, 1211-1214.
- Kudolo GB, Harper MJK (1990): Estimation of Platelet- Activating Factor Receptors in the Endometrium of the Pregnant Rabbit: Regulation of Ligand Availability and Catabolism by Bovine Serum Albumin. Biol Reprod, 43, 368-377.
- Kudolo GB, Kasamo M, Harper MJK (1991): Autoradiographic localization of platelet-activating factor (PAF) binding sites in the rabbit endometrium during the periimplantation period. Tissue Res 265, 231–241.
- Kurar E, Atli MO, Guzeloglu A, Ozsensoy Y, Semacan A (2010): Comparison of five different RNA isolation methods from equine endometrium for gene transcription analysis. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 16, 851- 855.
- Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD (2001): Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the method. Methods, 25, 402-408.
- Morris C, Khan H, Sullivan MHF, ElderMG (1992): Effects of platelet-activating factor on prostaglandin E2 production by intact fetal membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 166, 1228–1231.
- Nakayama R, Yasuda K, Okumura T, Saito K (1991): Effect of 17 beta-estradiol on PAF and prostaglandin levels in oophorectomized rat uterus. Biochim Biophys Acta 1085, 235–240.
- Norman SJ, Poyser NL (1992): The effects of plateletactivating factor on the output of prostaglandins from the guinea-pig uterus. PLEFA 47, 285-289.
- O'Neill C (1987): Embryo-derived platelet-activating factor: a preimplantation embryo mediator of maternal recognition of pregnancy. Domest Anim Endocrinol, 4, 907-914.
- O'Neill C, Gidley-Baird AA, Pike IL and Saunders DM (1987): Use of a bioassay for embryo-derived platelet- activating factor as a means of assessing quality and pregnancy potential of human embryos. Fertil Steril, 47, 969-975.
- O’Neill C (1997): Evidence for the requirement of autocrine growth factors for development of Mouse preimplantation embryos in vitro. Biol Reprod, 56, 229- 237.
- O’Neill, C (1998): Autocrine mediators are required to act on the embryo by the 2-cell stage to promote normal development and survival of mouse preimplantation embryos in vitro. Biol. Reprod. 58, 1303–1309.
- R Development Core Team (2011). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. ISBN 3-900051- 07-0, URL http://www.R-project.org.
- Ryan JP, O’Neill C, Ammit AJ, Roberts CG (1992): Metabolic and developmental responses of preimplantation embryos to platelet activating factor. Reprod Fertil Dev, 4, 387-398.
- Salamonsen LA (1991): Effect of platelet activating factor on prostaglandin release from ovine endometrial cells in culture. PLEFA 44, 67-70.
- Schäfer-Somi S (2011): The pregnant canine uterus: molecular insights until placentation. Reprod Dom Anim 46, 62.
- Schäfer-Somi S, Sabitzer S, Klein D, Reinbacher E, Kanca H, Beceriklisoy H, Aksoy O, Kucukaslan I, Macun H, Aslan S (2012) Vascular Endothelial (VEGF) and Epithelial Growth Factor (EGF) as Well as Platelet- Activating Factor (PAF) and Receptors are Expressed in the Early Pregnant Canine Uterus. Reprod Domest Anim. 2012 Mar 28. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02019.x. [Epub ahead of print]
- Smith SK, Kelly RW (1988): Effect of platelet-activating factor on the release of PGF-2a by separated cells of human endometrium. J. Reprod. Fertil. 82, 271-6.
- Snyder F, Lee T-C, Blank ML (1989): Platelet-activating factor and related ether lipid mediators. Biological activities, metabolism, and regulation. Ann New York Acad of Sci, 568, 35-43.
- Snyder F (1995): Platelet-activating factor: the biosynthetic and catabolic enzymes. Biochem. J. 305, 689–705.
- Spinks NR, Ryan JP, O’Neill C (1990): Antagonists of embryoderived platelet-activating factor act by inhibiting the ability of mouse embryo to implant. J Reprod Fertil 88, 241–248.
- Tiemann U, Tomek W, Schneider F, Wollenhaupt K, Kanitz W, Becker F, Pohland R, Alm H (2001): Platelet- activating factor (PAF)-like activity, localization of PAF receptor (PAF-R) and PAF-acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) activity in bovine endometrium at different stages of the estrous cycle and early pregnancy. Prost Lip Med, 65, 125–141.
- Tiemann U, Viergutz T, Jonas L, Wollenhaupt K, Pohland R, Kanitz W (2001a): Fluorometric detection of platelet activating factor receptor in cultured oviductal epithelial and stromal cells and endometrial stromal cells from bovine at different stages of the oestrus cycle and early pregnancy. Domest Anim Endocrinol 20, 149–164.
- Tiemann U (2008): The role of platelet-activating Factor in the Mammalian Female Reproductive Tract, Reprod Dom Anim, 43, 647-655.
- Tomlinson PR, Croft K, Harris T, Stewart AG (1994): Platelet-activating factor biosynthesis in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. J. Vasc. Res. 31, 144–152.
- Velasquez LA, Maisey K, Fernandez R, Valdes D, Cardenas H, Imarai M, Delgado J, Aguilera J, Croxatto HB (2001): PAF receptor and PAF acetylhydrolase expression in the endosalpinx of the human Fallopian tube: possible role of embryo-derived PAF in the control of embryo transport to the uterus. Hum Reprod 16, 1583–1587.
- Yasuda K, Satouchi K, Saito K (1986): Platelet- activating factor in normal rat uterus. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Com. 138, 1231–6.
Kedi uterusunda, platelet aktive edici faktörler ve reseptörünün erken gebelik dönemindekiekspresyonu
Öz
Platelet aktive edici faktörler (PAF1β, PAF1γ, PAF:ah, PAF-R), memeli hayvanların gebelik sürecinde önemli bir role sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, gebelik süresince kedi uterusunda PAF gen ailesi ekspresyon profillerini araştırmaktır. Doku örnekleri çiftleşme sonrası 7 (Gr1; n=3), 18-20 (Gr2; n=7), 24-25. (Gr3; n=5) günlerde yapılan ovariyohisterektomi operasyonları ile uterusun farklı bölgelerinden toplandı. Nispi mRNA ekspresyon seviyeleri real-time PZR kullanılarak tespit edildi. Normalize edilmiş veriler karışık model kullanılarak analiz edildi ve istatistikî olarak farklı olan gruplar Asgari Önemli Fark (AÖF) testi ile tespit edildi. Kedi uterusunda implantasyon sürecinde PAF genlerinin eksprese olduğu gözlenmiştir ancak; istatistikî olarak çalışma grupları ve uterus bölgeleri arasında herhangi bir fark bulunmamıştır. Sonuç olarak, kedilerde erken gebelik sürecinde uterusta PAF genleri eksprese olmaktadır. Ancak; bu ekspresyonların erken gebelik döneminde uterusta görülen değişikliklerle ilişkisi yoktur
Kaynakça
- Abisogun AO, Braquet P, Tsafriri A (1989): The involvement of platelet activating factor in ovulation. Science, 243, 381-383.
- Acker G, Hecquet F, Etienne A, Braquet P, Mencia- Huerta JM (1988): Role of platelet-activating factor (PAF) in the ovoimplantation in the rat: effect of the specific PAF-acether antagonist, BN 52021. Prostaglandins 35, 233–241.
- Ahmed A, Dearn S (1996): The role of platelet-activating factor and its receptor in endometrial receptivity. Adv Exp Med Biol 416, 277–290.
- Alecozay AA, Casslen BG, Riehl RM, Deleon FD, Harper MJK, Silvia M, Nouchi TA, Hanahan DJ (1989): Platelet-activating factor in human luteal phase endometrium. Biol. Reprod. 41, 578–586.
- Angle MJ, Jones MA, McManus LM, Pinckard RN, Harper MJK (1988): Platelet-activating factor in the rabbit uterus during early pregnancy. J. Reprod. Fertil. 83, 711–722.
- Atlı MO, Güzeloğlu A, Kurar E, Kayış SA, Aslan S, Semacan A, Çelik S (2012) Expression of Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) and Heparin-Binding EGF (HB- EGF) RNA in Mare Endometrium. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 18, 463-467.
- Battye KM, Evans G, O’Neill C (1996): Ovine endometrium synthesizes and releases platelet-activating factor, which can cause the release of prostaglandin F2α by the uterus in situ. Biol Reprod 54, 355–63.
- Billah MM, DiRenzo GC, Ban C, Truong CT, Hoffman DR, Anceschi MM, Bleasdale JE, Johnston JM (1985): Platelet-activating factor metabolism in human amnion and the responses of this tissue to extracellular platelet- activating factor. Prostaglandins, 30, 841–850.
- Cabre F, Tost D, Suesa N, Gutierrez M, Ucedo P, Mauleon D, Carganico G (1993): Synthesis and release of plateletactivating factor and eicosanoids in human endothelial cells induced by different agonists. Agents Actions 38, 212–219.
- Chami O, Megevand A, Ott T, Bazer F, O’Neill C (1999): Platelet-activating factor may as an endogenous pulse generatior for sheep of luteolytic PGF2alpha release. Am J Physiol 276, 783–792.
- Chami O, Evans G, O’Neill C (2004): Components of a plateletactivating factor-signaling loop are assembled in the ovine endometrium late in the estrous cycle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 287, E233–E240.
- Chao W, Olson MS (1993): Platelet-activating factor: receptors and signal transduction. Biochem J 292, 617– 629.
- Chen WP, Chen A, Lin CY (1995): In vitro effects of interleukins on human mesangial cells: implications for glomerulonephritis. J Pathol 175, 327–337.
- Greenberg SG, Clark KE (1999): Hemodynamic effects of platelet-activating factor in nonpregnant and pregnant sheep. Am J Physiol Integr Comp Physiol, 277, R996- R1001.
- Gross TS, Thatcher WW, O'Neill C, Danet-Desnoyers G (1990): Platelet-activating factor alters the dynamics of prostaglandin and protein synthesis by endometrial explants from pregnant and cyclic cows at day 17 following estrus. Theriogenology 34, 205-218.
- Harper MJK (1989): Platelet-activating factor: a paracrine factor in pre-implantation stages of reproduction? Biol Reprod, 40, 907-913.
- Honda Z, Nakamura M, Miki I, Minami M, Watanabe T, Seyama Y, Okado H, Toh H, Ito K, Miyamoto T (1991): Cloning by functional expression of platelet- activating factor receptor from guinea-pig lung. Nature, 349, 342–346.
- Kayis SA, Atli MO, Kurar E, Bozkaya F, Aslan S, Semacan A, Guzeloglu A (2011): Rating of putative housekeeping genes for quantitative gene expression analysis in cyclic and early pregnant equine endo- metrium. Anim Reprod Sci 125, 124-132.
- Kim BK, Ozaki H, Lee S-M, Karaki H (1995): Increased sensitivity of rat myometrium to the contractile effect of platelet activating factor before delivery. Br J Pharmacol 115, 1211-1214.
- Kudolo GB, Harper MJK (1990): Estimation of Platelet- Activating Factor Receptors in the Endometrium of the Pregnant Rabbit: Regulation of Ligand Availability and Catabolism by Bovine Serum Albumin. Biol Reprod, 43, 368-377.
- Kudolo GB, Kasamo M, Harper MJK (1991): Autoradiographic localization of platelet-activating factor (PAF) binding sites in the rabbit endometrium during the periimplantation period. Tissue Res 265, 231–241.
- Kurar E, Atli MO, Guzeloglu A, Ozsensoy Y, Semacan A (2010): Comparison of five different RNA isolation methods from equine endometrium for gene transcription analysis. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 16, 851- 855.
- Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD (2001): Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the method. Methods, 25, 402-408.
- Morris C, Khan H, Sullivan MHF, ElderMG (1992): Effects of platelet-activating factor on prostaglandin E2 production by intact fetal membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 166, 1228–1231.
- Nakayama R, Yasuda K, Okumura T, Saito K (1991): Effect of 17 beta-estradiol on PAF and prostaglandin levels in oophorectomized rat uterus. Biochim Biophys Acta 1085, 235–240.
- Norman SJ, Poyser NL (1992): The effects of plateletactivating factor on the output of prostaglandins from the guinea-pig uterus. PLEFA 47, 285-289.
- O'Neill C (1987): Embryo-derived platelet-activating factor: a preimplantation embryo mediator of maternal recognition of pregnancy. Domest Anim Endocrinol, 4, 907-914.
- O'Neill C, Gidley-Baird AA, Pike IL and Saunders DM (1987): Use of a bioassay for embryo-derived platelet- activating factor as a means of assessing quality and pregnancy potential of human embryos. Fertil Steril, 47, 969-975.
- O’Neill C (1997): Evidence for the requirement of autocrine growth factors for development of Mouse preimplantation embryos in vitro. Biol Reprod, 56, 229- 237.
- O’Neill, C (1998): Autocrine mediators are required to act on the embryo by the 2-cell stage to promote normal development and survival of mouse preimplantation embryos in vitro. Biol. Reprod. 58, 1303–1309.
- R Development Core Team (2011). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. ISBN 3-900051- 07-0, URL http://www.R-project.org.
- Ryan JP, O’Neill C, Ammit AJ, Roberts CG (1992): Metabolic and developmental responses of preimplantation embryos to platelet activating factor. Reprod Fertil Dev, 4, 387-398.
- Salamonsen LA (1991): Effect of platelet activating factor on prostaglandin release from ovine endometrial cells in culture. PLEFA 44, 67-70.
- Schäfer-Somi S (2011): The pregnant canine uterus: molecular insights until placentation. Reprod Dom Anim 46, 62.
- Schäfer-Somi S, Sabitzer S, Klein D, Reinbacher E, Kanca H, Beceriklisoy H, Aksoy O, Kucukaslan I, Macun H, Aslan S (2012) Vascular Endothelial (VEGF) and Epithelial Growth Factor (EGF) as Well as Platelet- Activating Factor (PAF) and Receptors are Expressed in the Early Pregnant Canine Uterus. Reprod Domest Anim. 2012 Mar 28. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02019.x. [Epub ahead of print]
- Smith SK, Kelly RW (1988): Effect of platelet-activating factor on the release of PGF-2a by separated cells of human endometrium. J. Reprod. Fertil. 82, 271-6.
- Snyder F, Lee T-C, Blank ML (1989): Platelet-activating factor and related ether lipid mediators. Biological activities, metabolism, and regulation. Ann New York Acad of Sci, 568, 35-43.
- Snyder F (1995): Platelet-activating factor: the biosynthetic and catabolic enzymes. Biochem. J. 305, 689–705.
- Spinks NR, Ryan JP, O’Neill C (1990): Antagonists of embryoderived platelet-activating factor act by inhibiting the ability of mouse embryo to implant. J Reprod Fertil 88, 241–248.
- Tiemann U, Tomek W, Schneider F, Wollenhaupt K, Kanitz W, Becker F, Pohland R, Alm H (2001): Platelet- activating factor (PAF)-like activity, localization of PAF receptor (PAF-R) and PAF-acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) activity in bovine endometrium at different stages of the estrous cycle and early pregnancy. Prost Lip Med, 65, 125–141.
- Tiemann U, Viergutz T, Jonas L, Wollenhaupt K, Pohland R, Kanitz W (2001a): Fluorometric detection of platelet activating factor receptor in cultured oviductal epithelial and stromal cells and endometrial stromal cells from bovine at different stages of the oestrus cycle and early pregnancy. Domest Anim Endocrinol 20, 149–164.
- Tiemann U (2008): The role of platelet-activating Factor in the Mammalian Female Reproductive Tract, Reprod Dom Anim, 43, 647-655.
- Tomlinson PR, Croft K, Harris T, Stewart AG (1994): Platelet-activating factor biosynthesis in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. J. Vasc. Res. 31, 144–152.
- Velasquez LA, Maisey K, Fernandez R, Valdes D, Cardenas H, Imarai M, Delgado J, Aguilera J, Croxatto HB (2001): PAF receptor and PAF acetylhydrolase expression in the endosalpinx of the human Fallopian tube: possible role of embryo-derived PAF in the control of embryo transport to the uterus. Hum Reprod 16, 1583–1587.
- Yasuda K, Satouchi K, Saito K (1986): Platelet- activating factor in normal rat uterus. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Com. 138, 1231–6.
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Veteriner Cerrahi |
| Diğer ID | JA25MH58EM |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Mart 2013 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2013Cilt: 60 Sayı: 1 |