Editöre Mektup
Yıl 2012,
Cilt: 59 Sayı: 4, 271 - 277, 01.12.2012
Öz
Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) deteriorates the welfare of broiler chickens and causes economic loss. The present study was aimed at the investigation of the effect of TD on metabolic parameters and the demonstration of the aetiology of this disorder. For this purpose, blood serum mineral, lipid, protein, glucose, uric acid and enzyme levels, and histopathological alterations in the tissues of the tibiotarsal joint were determined. Ten broiler chickens suffering from TD and 10 healthy broiler chickens, all which were of the Ross 308 breed, constituted the material of the study. Analyses showed that calcium, phosphorus and free fatty acid blood serum levels were lower, whilst triglyceride, cholesterol, low density lipoproteins (LDL), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) rates and uric acid and creatinine levels were higher in animals suffering from tibial dyschondroplasia, compared to healthy animals (P<0.05). No statistically significant difference existed between the glucose and amylase levels and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), activities of broilers diagnosed with tibial dyschondroplasia and healthy broilers. The histopathological examination of the tissues of the tibiotarsal joint of the animals diagnosed with TD revealed degenerative alterations characterized by the dominance of hypertrophy and the lack of urate crystals and calcification in chondrocytes. In animals with TD, calcium and phosphorus blood serum levels were low, whilst the lipid profile and amount of uric acid were high. On the other hand, ALP enzyme activity was determined not to display any alteration
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Anderson HC (2003): Matrix vesicles and calcification. Curr Rheumatol Rep, 5, 222–226.
- Angel R (2007): Metabolic Disorders: Limitations to Growth of and Mineral Deposition into the Broiler Skeleton after Hatch and Potential Implications for Leg Problems. J Appl Poult Res, 16, 138–149.
- AOAC (1984): Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Official Methods of Analysis. 152-167. Arlington, USA.
- Bains BS (1994): Broilers suffer from dyschondroplasia and femoral necrosis. World Poult, 10, 109—111.
- Chang DJ, Ji C, Ki KK, Casinghino S, McCarthy TL, Centrella M (1998): Reduction in Transforming Growth Factor β Receptor I Expression and Transcription Factor CBFa1 on Bone Cells by Glucocorticoid. J Biol Chem, 273, 4892–4896.
- Coe FI, Favus MJ (1992): Disorders of Bone and Mineral Metabolism. Raven Press. New York, N.
- Farquharson C, Jefferies D (2000): Chondrocytes and longitudinal bone growth: the development of tibial dyschondroplasia. Poultry Sci, 79, 994–1004.
- Fleming R (2008): Symposium on ‘dietand bone health’ nutritional factors affecting poultry bone health. P Nutr Soc, 67, 177–183.
- Griel AE, Kris-Etherton PM, Hilpert KF, Zhao G, West SG, Corwin RL (2007) An increase in dietary n-3 fatty acids decreases a marker of bone resorption in humans. Nutr J, 6, 281-288.
- Herzog A, Genin O, Hasdai A, Shinder D, Pines M (2011): Hsp90 and angiogenesis in bone disorders lessons from the avian growth plate. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 301, 140–147.
- Houshmand M, Azhar K, Zulkifli I, Bejo MH, Meimandipour A, Kamyab A (2011): Effects of non- antibiotic feed additives on performance, tibial dyschondroplasia incidence and tibia characteristics of broilers fed low-calcium diets. J Anim Physiol An N, 95, 351–358.
- Hüseyin Y, Metin P, Gürsel S, İlker A, Bestami Y (2009): Effects of lighting schedule and ascorbic acid on performance and tibiotarsus bone characteristics in broilers. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 33, 469-476.
- Imik H, Ozkanlar S, Kaynar O, Koc M (2009): Effects of vitamin E, C, and α-lipoic acid supplementation on the serum glucose, lipid profile, and proteins in quails under heat stress. Bull Vet Inst Pulawy, 53, 521–526.
- Kestin SC, Su G, Sİrensen P (1999) Different commercial broiler crosses have different susceptibilitiesto leg weakness. Poultry Sci. 78, 1085–1090.
- Khan S, Shahid R, Mian AA, Sardar R, Anjum MA (2010): Effect of the level of cholecalciferol supplementationdiets on the performance and tibial dyschondroplasia. J Anim Physiol An N, 94, 584–593.
- Korotkova M, Ohlsson C, Hanson LA, Strandvik B (2004) Dietary n-6:n-3 fattyacidratio in the perinatal period affects bone parameters in adult female rats. Brit J Nutr, 92, 643–648.
- Leach Jr RM, Monsonego-Ornan E (2007): Tibial Dyschondroplasia 40 Years Later. Poultry Sci, 86, 2053– 2058.
- Ledwaba MF, Roberson KD (2003): Effectiveness of twenty-five-hydroxycholecalciferol in the prevention of tibial dyschondroplasia in ross cockerels depends on dietary calcium level. Poultry Sci, 82, 1769–1777.
- Liu D, Veit P, Wilson J, Denbow MD (2003): Long-Term Supplementation of Various Dietary Lipids Alters Bone Mineral Content, Mechanical Properties and Histological Characteristics of Japanese Quail. Poultry Sci, 82, 831– 839.
- Mısırlıoglu D, Carlı KT, Sevimli A, Petek M (2001) A pathological, bacteriological and serological approach to leg problems in broilers. Vet Bil Der, 17, 101—108.
- Mitchell RD, Edwards JrHM, Mcdaniel GR, Rowland, III GN (1997). Dietary 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol has variable effects on the incidences of leg abnormalities, plasma vitamin D metabolites, and vitamin D receptors in chickens divergently selected for tibial dyschondroplasia. Poultry Sci, 76, 338–345.
- NRC (1994): Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. Edited by the National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
- Oso AO, Idowu AA, Niameh OT (2011): Growth response, nutrient and mineral retention, bone mineralisation and walking ability of broiler chickens fed with dietary inclusion of various unconventional mineral sources. J Anim Physiol An N, 95, 461–467.
- Petek M, Sonmez G, Yıldız H, Baspınar H (2005): Effects of different management factors on broiler performance and incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia. Brit. Poultry Sci, 46, 16–21.
- Quarles LD (2008): Endocrine functions of bone in mineral metabolism regulation. J Clin Invest. 118, 3820– 3828.
- Rath NC, Huff GR, Huff E, Balog JM (2000): Factors regulating bone maturityand strength in poultry. Poultry Sci, 79, 1024–1032.
- Rath NC, Richards MP, Huff E, Huffand GR, Balog JM (2005): Changes in the tibial growth plates of chickens with thiram-induced dyschondroplasia. J Comp Path, 133, 41–52.
- Saif YM, Fadly AM, Glisson JR, McDougald LR, Nolan LK, Swayne DE (2007). Diseases of poultry. 918–920. 12th edn. C Blackwell Publishing, London, UK.
- SPSS (1996): Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences for Windows release 10.01. SPSS Inc., Chicago.
- Thorp BH, Whitehead CC, Rennie JS (1991): Avian tibial dyschondroplasia: a comparison of the incidence and severity as assessed by gross examination and histopathology. Res Vet Sci, 51, 48—54.
- Waldenstedt L (2006): Nutritional factors of importance for optimal leg health in broilers: A review. Anim Feed Sci Tech, 126, 291–307.
- Watkins BA, Li Y, Allen KGD, Walter E, Hoffmann WE, Seifert MF (2000): Dietary Ratio of (n-6)/(n-3) Polyunsaturated fatty acids alters the fatty acid composition of bone compartments and biomarkers of bone formation in rats. J Nutr, 130, 2274–2284.
- Yalçın S, Molayoğlu B, Baka M, Genin O, Pines M (2007): Effect of temperature during the ıncubation period on tibial growth plate chondrocyte differentiation and the ıncidence of tibialdyschondroplasia. Poultry Sci, 86, 1772–1783.
- Zhao J, Shirley RB, Vazquez-Anon M, Dibner JJ, Richards JD, Fisher P, Hampton T, Christensen KD, Allard JP, Giesen AF (2010): Effects of chelated trace minerals on growth performance, breast meat yield, and footpad health in commercial meat broilers. J Appl Poult Res, 19, 365–372.
Yıl 2012,
Cilt: 59 Sayı: 4, 271 - 277, 01.12.2012
Öz
Tibial diskondoplazi (TD) piliçlerin refahını bozmakta ve ekonomik kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışma TD’nin metabolik parametrelere etkisini ve etiyolojisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu nedenle hayvanların kan serumlarında mineral, lipit, protein, glikoz, ürik asit ve enzim değerleri ve tibiotarsal eklem dokusundaki histopatolojik değişimler tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada10 adet TD’li ve 10 adet sağlıklı broiler (Ross 308) kullanılmıştır. Tibial diskondoplazili hayvanların kan serumlarındaki kalsiyum, fosfor seviyesi ve serbest yağ asitleri oranı sağlıklı hayvanlardan düşük; tigliserit, kolesterol, düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein (LDL), çok düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein (VLDL) oranları, ürik asit ve kreatinin miktarları ise yüksek bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Tibial diskondoplazili ve sağlıklı broilerin glikoz ve amilaz seviyeleri ile alanin aminotransferaz (ALT), aspartat aminotransferaz (AST), γglutamyltransferaz (GGT), ve alkalin fosfataz (ALP), aktiviteleri arasında ise istatistiksel farklılık tespit edilmemiştir. Araştırmada TD’li hayvanların tibiotarsal eklem dokusunun histopatolojik incelenmesinde dejeneratif değişiklikler, kondrositlerde hipertrofinin baskın olduğu, ürat kristalleri ve kalsifikasyonun ise olmadığı tespit edildi. Tibial diskondoplazili hayvanların kan serumlarında kalsiyum ve fosfor seviyelerinin düşük, lipit profilinin ve ürik asit miktarının yüksek, ALP enzim aktivitesinin ise değişmediği belirlenmiştir
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Anderson HC (2003): Matrix vesicles and calcification. Curr Rheumatol Rep, 5, 222–226.
- Angel R (2007): Metabolic Disorders: Limitations to Growth of and Mineral Deposition into the Broiler Skeleton after Hatch and Potential Implications for Leg Problems. J Appl Poult Res, 16, 138–149.
- AOAC (1984): Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Official Methods of Analysis. 152-167. Arlington, USA.
- Bains BS (1994): Broilers suffer from dyschondroplasia and femoral necrosis. World Poult, 10, 109—111.
- Chang DJ, Ji C, Ki KK, Casinghino S, McCarthy TL, Centrella M (1998): Reduction in Transforming Growth Factor β Receptor I Expression and Transcription Factor CBFa1 on Bone Cells by Glucocorticoid. J Biol Chem, 273, 4892–4896.
- Coe FI, Favus MJ (1992): Disorders of Bone and Mineral Metabolism. Raven Press. New York, N.
- Farquharson C, Jefferies D (2000): Chondrocytes and longitudinal bone growth: the development of tibial dyschondroplasia. Poultry Sci, 79, 994–1004.
- Fleming R (2008): Symposium on ‘dietand bone health’ nutritional factors affecting poultry bone health. P Nutr Soc, 67, 177–183.
- Griel AE, Kris-Etherton PM, Hilpert KF, Zhao G, West SG, Corwin RL (2007) An increase in dietary n-3 fatty acids decreases a marker of bone resorption in humans. Nutr J, 6, 281-288.
- Herzog A, Genin O, Hasdai A, Shinder D, Pines M (2011): Hsp90 and angiogenesis in bone disorders lessons from the avian growth plate. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 301, 140–147.
- Houshmand M, Azhar K, Zulkifli I, Bejo MH, Meimandipour A, Kamyab A (2011): Effects of non- antibiotic feed additives on performance, tibial dyschondroplasia incidence and tibia characteristics of broilers fed low-calcium diets. J Anim Physiol An N, 95, 351–358.
- Hüseyin Y, Metin P, Gürsel S, İlker A, Bestami Y (2009): Effects of lighting schedule and ascorbic acid on performance and tibiotarsus bone characteristics in broilers. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 33, 469-476.
- Imik H, Ozkanlar S, Kaynar O, Koc M (2009): Effects of vitamin E, C, and α-lipoic acid supplementation on the serum glucose, lipid profile, and proteins in quails under heat stress. Bull Vet Inst Pulawy, 53, 521–526.
- Kestin SC, Su G, Sİrensen P (1999) Different commercial broiler crosses have different susceptibilitiesto leg weakness. Poultry Sci. 78, 1085–1090.
- Khan S, Shahid R, Mian AA, Sardar R, Anjum MA (2010): Effect of the level of cholecalciferol supplementationdiets on the performance and tibial dyschondroplasia. J Anim Physiol An N, 94, 584–593.
- Korotkova M, Ohlsson C, Hanson LA, Strandvik B (2004) Dietary n-6:n-3 fattyacidratio in the perinatal period affects bone parameters in adult female rats. Brit J Nutr, 92, 643–648.
- Leach Jr RM, Monsonego-Ornan E (2007): Tibial Dyschondroplasia 40 Years Later. Poultry Sci, 86, 2053– 2058.
- Ledwaba MF, Roberson KD (2003): Effectiveness of twenty-five-hydroxycholecalciferol in the prevention of tibial dyschondroplasia in ross cockerels depends on dietary calcium level. Poultry Sci, 82, 1769–1777.
- Liu D, Veit P, Wilson J, Denbow MD (2003): Long-Term Supplementation of Various Dietary Lipids Alters Bone Mineral Content, Mechanical Properties and Histological Characteristics of Japanese Quail. Poultry Sci, 82, 831– 839.
- Mısırlıoglu D, Carlı KT, Sevimli A, Petek M (2001) A pathological, bacteriological and serological approach to leg problems in broilers. Vet Bil Der, 17, 101—108.
- Mitchell RD, Edwards JrHM, Mcdaniel GR, Rowland, III GN (1997). Dietary 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol has variable effects on the incidences of leg abnormalities, plasma vitamin D metabolites, and vitamin D receptors in chickens divergently selected for tibial dyschondroplasia. Poultry Sci, 76, 338–345.
- NRC (1994): Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. Edited by the National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
- Oso AO, Idowu AA, Niameh OT (2011): Growth response, nutrient and mineral retention, bone mineralisation and walking ability of broiler chickens fed with dietary inclusion of various unconventional mineral sources. J Anim Physiol An N, 95, 461–467.
- Petek M, Sonmez G, Yıldız H, Baspınar H (2005): Effects of different management factors on broiler performance and incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia. Brit. Poultry Sci, 46, 16–21.
- Quarles LD (2008): Endocrine functions of bone in mineral metabolism regulation. J Clin Invest. 118, 3820– 3828.
- Rath NC, Huff GR, Huff E, Balog JM (2000): Factors regulating bone maturityand strength in poultry. Poultry Sci, 79, 1024–1032.
- Rath NC, Richards MP, Huff E, Huffand GR, Balog JM (2005): Changes in the tibial growth plates of chickens with thiram-induced dyschondroplasia. J Comp Path, 133, 41–52.
- Saif YM, Fadly AM, Glisson JR, McDougald LR, Nolan LK, Swayne DE (2007). Diseases of poultry. 918–920. 12th edn. C Blackwell Publishing, London, UK.
- SPSS (1996): Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences for Windows release 10.01. SPSS Inc., Chicago.
- Thorp BH, Whitehead CC, Rennie JS (1991): Avian tibial dyschondroplasia: a comparison of the incidence and severity as assessed by gross examination and histopathology. Res Vet Sci, 51, 48—54.
- Waldenstedt L (2006): Nutritional factors of importance for optimal leg health in broilers: A review. Anim Feed Sci Tech, 126, 291–307.
- Watkins BA, Li Y, Allen KGD, Walter E, Hoffmann WE, Seifert MF (2000): Dietary Ratio of (n-6)/(n-3) Polyunsaturated fatty acids alters the fatty acid composition of bone compartments and biomarkers of bone formation in rats. J Nutr, 130, 2274–2284.
- Yalçın S, Molayoğlu B, Baka M, Genin O, Pines M (2007): Effect of temperature during the ıncubation period on tibial growth plate chondrocyte differentiation and the ıncidence of tibialdyschondroplasia. Poultry Sci, 86, 1772–1783.
- Zhao J, Shirley RB, Vazquez-Anon M, Dibner JJ, Richards JD, Fisher P, Hampton T, Christensen KD, Allard JP, Giesen AF (2010): Effects of chelated trace minerals on growth performance, breast meat yield, and footpad health in commercial meat broilers. J Appl Poult Res, 19, 365–372.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Veteriner Cerrahi |
| Diğer ID | JA92YZ57KV |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Aralık 2012 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2012Cilt: 59 Sayı: 4 |