Determination of embryonic and fetal age by transrectal and transabdominal ultrasonographicexamination in Akkaraman ewes
Öz
This study was performed in order to determine gestational age in ewes by fetometry. For this purpose, a total of 10 Akkaraman ewes were examined by using ultrasonography supported by a linear array transducer. In order to find an equation to calculate the gestational age (GA) by using fetometric method, the parameters of diameter of embryonic vesicle (EVD), crown-rump length (CRL), occipito-nasal diameter (OND), biparietal diameter (BPD), orbital diameter (OD), thoracic diameter (TD), cotyledon diameter (CD), transversal heart diameter (THD), stomach diameter (SD) and kidney diameter (KD) were calculated. At the end of the study gestation age equations was produced depending on correlations which were statistically significant. In this sense, GA=25,131 + (0,375 x CRL) equation between CRL and GA, GA=23,155 + (0,993 x OND) equation between OND and GA, GA=20,862 + (1,715 x BPD) equation between BPD and GA, GA=22,187 + (3,895 x OD) equation between OD and GA, GA=25,634 + (1,259 x TD) equation between TD and GA, ln(GA)=ln(25,987) + (0,032 x CD) equation between CD and GA are produced according to linear model and GA=27,029 + (1,645 x SD) equation according to linear model and GA=141,569 – (5,916 x SD) + (0,123 x SD2) equation according to quadratic model are produced. As a result, it was shown that gestational age could be calculated by using these formulas. It was seen that OND, BPD, OD parameters were found to be most effectively 36-95 days to determine gestational age
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Aiumlamaı S, Fredriksson G, Nilsfors L(1992):Real- time ultrasonography for determining the gestational age of ewes. Vet Rec, 131, 560-562.
- Alan M,(1995):Prediction of gestational age by the measurement of biparietal diameter in ewes. Tr J of Vet and Anim Sci, 19, 109-112.
- Arsoy Başaran D (1999):
- Akkeçilerde transrektal
- ultrasonografi yardımıyla ovulasyon oranı, embriyonal ve
- fötal gelişimin saptanması. Tr J of Vet and Anim Sci, 23, 567-573.
- Barbera A, Jones OW, Zerbe GO, Hobbins JC, Battaglia FC, Meschia G(1995):Ultrasonographic assessment of fetal growth: comparison between human and ovine fetus. Am J Opstet Gynecol, 173, 1765-1769.
- Bearden HJ, Fuquay JW(2000):Pregnancy diagnosis, 289-290. Applied Animal Reproduction. 5th ed, Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
- Buckrell BC, Bonnett BN, Jhonson WH(1986): The use of real-time ultrasound rectally for early pregnancy diagnosis in sheep. Theriogenology, 25, 665-673.
- Daniel WW(1991):Bioistatistics: A fondation for analysis in the health scences. John Wiley & Sons Inc, Canada.
- Doizé F, Vaillancourt D, Carabin H, Bélenger D(1997): Determination of gestational age in sheep and goats using transrectal ultrasonographic measurement of placentomes. Theriogenology, 48, 449-460.
- Garcia A, Neary, MK, Kelly GR, Pierson RA(1993). Accuracy of ultrasonography in early pregnancy diagnosis in the ewe. Theriogenology, 39, 847-861.
- Gearhart MA, Wingfield WE, Knight AP, Smith JA, Dargatz DA, BoonJA, Stokes CA(1988):Real-time ultrasonography for determining pregnancy status and viable fetal numbers in ewes. Theriogenology, 30: 323- 337.
- González De Bulnes A, Moreno JS, Sebastián AL (1998):Estimation of the fetal development in Manchega dairy ewes by transrectal ultrasonographic measurements. Small Rumin Res, 27, 243-250.
- Haibel GK, Perkins NR(1989):Real-time ultrasonic biparietal diameter of second trimester suffolk and finn sheep fetuses and prediction of gestational age. Theriogenology, 32, 863-869.
- Hulet CV(1973):Determining fetal numbers in pregnant ewes. J Anim Sci, 36, 325-330.
- İzgür H, Kılıçoğlu Ç, Küplülü Ş, Salmanoğlu R, Vural R, Baştan A(1992):B-mode real time ultrasonic scanning in the diagnosis of pregnancy in sheep, 452-458. 150 Years of Veterinary Educations Proceedings, Turkey.
- Kahn VW, Kahn B, Richter A, Schultz J, Wolf M (1992):Zur sonographie der gravididät bei schafen I. fetometrie zur bestimmung des gestationsstadiums und vorhersage des geburtszeitpunkts. Dtsch Tierarztl Wschr, 99, 449-452.
- Kahn W, Achtzhen J, Khän B, Rıchter A, Schultz J, Wolf M(1993):Zur sonographie der gravididät bei schafen. II. Genauigkeit der transrektalen und der transkutanen trachtigkeitsdiagnose. Deutsch Tierarztl Wschr, 100, 29-31.
- Karen A, Kovacks P, Beckers JF, Szenci O(2001): Pregnancy diagnosis in sheep: Review of the most practical methods. Acta Vet Brno, 70, 115-126.
- Kaulfuss KH, Uhlich K, Gille U (1999). Ultrasonographic examinations of fetal growth of sheep between day 20 and day 50 gestation. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr, 106, 433-438.
- Kelly RW, Newnham JP (1989): Estimation of gestational age in merino ewes by ultrasound measurement of fetal head size. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 40, 1293-1299.
- Kelly RW, Newnham JP, Jhonson T, Speijers EJ (1987):An ultrasound technique to measure placental growth in ewes. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 38, 757-764.
- Kılıçoğlu Ç, İzgür H, Küplülü Ş, Salmanoğlu R, Vural R, Kaymaz M(1992):Kedilerde ultrasonografinin gebelik ve bazı jinekolojik olguların tanısında palpasyon ile karşılaştırmalı olarak kullanılması. AÜ Vet Fak Derg, 39, 76-92.
- Kılıçarslan MR., Soylu MK, Şenünver A, Kırşan İ, Carioğlu B(1996):The use of ultrasonic techniques for the diagnosis of early pregnancy in mares. Kafkas Üniv Vet Fak Derg,2,147-150.
- Kırşan İ, Şenünver A, Kılıçarslan MR(1997):Köpek ve kedilerin jinekolojik muayenesinde ultrasonografinin önemi. İstanbul Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 23, 193-207.
- Küplülü Ş, Çetin Y, Macun HC, Taşdemir U(2002): Akkaraman ırkı koyunlarda transrektal ve transabdominal ultrasonografi yöntemi ile erken gebelik tanı sınırlarının belirlenmesi. Lalahan Hay Araşt Enst Derg, 42, 25-33.
- Schrick FN, Inskeep EK(1993):Determination of early pregnancy in ewes utilizing transrectal ultrasonography. Theriogenology, 40, 295-306.
- Sergeev L, Kleemann DO, Walker SK, Smıth DH, Grosser TI, Mann T,Seamark RF(1990): Real-time ultrasound imaging for predicting ovine fetal age. Theriogenology 34, 593-601.
- Taşal İ, Ataman MA, Dinç DA, Ergin A, Erdem H (1995):Koyunlarda gebelik teşhisi amacıyla A ve B-model real time ultrason tekniklerinin karşılaştırılması. Veteriner Bilimler Dergisi, 11, 41-45.
- Wani NA, Wani GM, Mufi AM, Khan MZ(1998): Ultrasonic diagnosis in gaddi goats. Small Rumin Res, 29, 239-240. Geliş tarihi: 28.12.2009 / Kabul tarihi: 05.07.2010
Akkaraman ırkı koyunlarda transrektal ve transabdominal muayene tekniği kullanılarak embriyonik ve fötal yaşın belirlenmesi
Öz
Bu çalışmada, koyunlarda fötometri ile gebelik yaş tayini yapmak amacıyla B-Mod Real Time 5 MHz lineer rektal prob ve yazıcı donanımlı ultrasonografi cihazı kullanılarak 10 baş Akkaraman ırkı koyunda embriyonik kese çapı (EKÇ), ense-kuyruk sokumu uzunluğu (EKSU), longitudinal baş çapı (LBÇ), transversal baş çapı (TBÇ), orbita çapı (OÇ), göğüs çapı (GÇ), plasentom çapı (PÇ), transversal kalp çapı (TKÇ), mide çapı (M) ve böbrek çapı (BÇ) olmak üzere 10 parametre incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonunda istatistiksel olarak önemli olduğu belirtilen korelasyonlara göre, EKSU ile gebelik yaşı arasında GY = 25.131 + (0.375 x EKSU), LBÇ ile gebelik yaşı arasında GY = 23.155 + (0.993 x LBÇ), TBÇ ile gebelik yaşı arasında GY = 20.862 + (1.715 x TBÇ), OÇ ile gebelik yaşı arasında GY = 22.187 + (3.895 x OÇ), GÇ ile gebelik yaşı arasında GY = 25.634 + (1.259 x GÇ), PÇ ile gebelik yaşı arasında ln (GY)=ln (25,987) + (0,032 x PÇ), TKÇ ile gebelik yaşı arasında GY = 31.871 + (3 x TKÇ) ve MÇ ile gebelik yaşı arasında lineer modele göre GY = 27.029 + (1.645 x KÇ), kuadratik modele göre GY = 141.569 – (5.916 x MÇ) + (0.123 x MÇ2) formülleri oluşturulmuştur. Sonuç olarak koyunlarda USG ölçümlerinin istatistik olarak değerlendirilmesi ile gebelik yaşı formülleri oluşturulmuştur. Gebelik yaşının hesaplanmasında en etkin parametrelerin gebeliğin 36-95. günleri arasında ölçülebilen baş parametreleri (LBÇ, TBÇ, OÇ) olduğu görülmüştür
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Aiumlamaı S, Fredriksson G, Nilsfors L(1992):Real- time ultrasonography for determining the gestational age of ewes. Vet Rec, 131, 560-562.
- Alan M,(1995):Prediction of gestational age by the measurement of biparietal diameter in ewes. Tr J of Vet and Anim Sci, 19, 109-112.
- Arsoy Başaran D (1999):
- Akkeçilerde transrektal
- ultrasonografi yardımıyla ovulasyon oranı, embriyonal ve
- fötal gelişimin saptanması. Tr J of Vet and Anim Sci, 23, 567-573.
- Barbera A, Jones OW, Zerbe GO, Hobbins JC, Battaglia FC, Meschia G(1995):Ultrasonographic assessment of fetal growth: comparison between human and ovine fetus. Am J Opstet Gynecol, 173, 1765-1769.
- Bearden HJ, Fuquay JW(2000):Pregnancy diagnosis, 289-290. Applied Animal Reproduction. 5th ed, Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
- Buckrell BC, Bonnett BN, Jhonson WH(1986): The use of real-time ultrasound rectally for early pregnancy diagnosis in sheep. Theriogenology, 25, 665-673.
- Daniel WW(1991):Bioistatistics: A fondation for analysis in the health scences. John Wiley & Sons Inc, Canada.
- Doizé F, Vaillancourt D, Carabin H, Bélenger D(1997): Determination of gestational age in sheep and goats using transrectal ultrasonographic measurement of placentomes. Theriogenology, 48, 449-460.
- Garcia A, Neary, MK, Kelly GR, Pierson RA(1993). Accuracy of ultrasonography in early pregnancy diagnosis in the ewe. Theriogenology, 39, 847-861.
- Gearhart MA, Wingfield WE, Knight AP, Smith JA, Dargatz DA, BoonJA, Stokes CA(1988):Real-time ultrasonography for determining pregnancy status and viable fetal numbers in ewes. Theriogenology, 30: 323- 337.
- González De Bulnes A, Moreno JS, Sebastián AL (1998):Estimation of the fetal development in Manchega dairy ewes by transrectal ultrasonographic measurements. Small Rumin Res, 27, 243-250.
- Haibel GK, Perkins NR(1989):Real-time ultrasonic biparietal diameter of second trimester suffolk and finn sheep fetuses and prediction of gestational age. Theriogenology, 32, 863-869.
- Hulet CV(1973):Determining fetal numbers in pregnant ewes. J Anim Sci, 36, 325-330.
- İzgür H, Kılıçoğlu Ç, Küplülü Ş, Salmanoğlu R, Vural R, Baştan A(1992):B-mode real time ultrasonic scanning in the diagnosis of pregnancy in sheep, 452-458. 150 Years of Veterinary Educations Proceedings, Turkey.
- Kahn VW, Kahn B, Richter A, Schultz J, Wolf M (1992):Zur sonographie der gravididät bei schafen I. fetometrie zur bestimmung des gestationsstadiums und vorhersage des geburtszeitpunkts. Dtsch Tierarztl Wschr, 99, 449-452.
- Kahn W, Achtzhen J, Khän B, Rıchter A, Schultz J, Wolf M(1993):Zur sonographie der gravididät bei schafen. II. Genauigkeit der transrektalen und der transkutanen trachtigkeitsdiagnose. Deutsch Tierarztl Wschr, 100, 29-31.
- Karen A, Kovacks P, Beckers JF, Szenci O(2001): Pregnancy diagnosis in sheep: Review of the most practical methods. Acta Vet Brno, 70, 115-126.
- Kaulfuss KH, Uhlich K, Gille U (1999). Ultrasonographic examinations of fetal growth of sheep between day 20 and day 50 gestation. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr, 106, 433-438.
- Kelly RW, Newnham JP (1989): Estimation of gestational age in merino ewes by ultrasound measurement of fetal head size. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 40, 1293-1299.
- Kelly RW, Newnham JP, Jhonson T, Speijers EJ (1987):An ultrasound technique to measure placental growth in ewes. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 38, 757-764.
- Kılıçoğlu Ç, İzgür H, Küplülü Ş, Salmanoğlu R, Vural R, Kaymaz M(1992):Kedilerde ultrasonografinin gebelik ve bazı jinekolojik olguların tanısında palpasyon ile karşılaştırmalı olarak kullanılması. AÜ Vet Fak Derg, 39, 76-92.
- Kılıçarslan MR., Soylu MK, Şenünver A, Kırşan İ, Carioğlu B(1996):The use of ultrasonic techniques for the diagnosis of early pregnancy in mares. Kafkas Üniv Vet Fak Derg,2,147-150.
- Kırşan İ, Şenünver A, Kılıçarslan MR(1997):Köpek ve kedilerin jinekolojik muayenesinde ultrasonografinin önemi. İstanbul Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 23, 193-207.
- Küplülü Ş, Çetin Y, Macun HC, Taşdemir U(2002): Akkaraman ırkı koyunlarda transrektal ve transabdominal ultrasonografi yöntemi ile erken gebelik tanı sınırlarının belirlenmesi. Lalahan Hay Araşt Enst Derg, 42, 25-33.
- Schrick FN, Inskeep EK(1993):Determination of early pregnancy in ewes utilizing transrectal ultrasonography. Theriogenology, 40, 295-306.
- Sergeev L, Kleemann DO, Walker SK, Smıth DH, Grosser TI, Mann T,Seamark RF(1990): Real-time ultrasound imaging for predicting ovine fetal age. Theriogenology 34, 593-601.
- Taşal İ, Ataman MA, Dinç DA, Ergin A, Erdem H (1995):Koyunlarda gebelik teşhisi amacıyla A ve B-model real time ultrason tekniklerinin karşılaştırılması. Veteriner Bilimler Dergisi, 11, 41-45.
- Wani NA, Wani GM, Mufi AM, Khan MZ(1998): Ultrasonic diagnosis in gaddi goats. Small Rumin Res, 29, 239-240. Geliş tarihi: 28.12.2009 / Kabul tarihi: 05.07.2010
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Veteriner Cerrahi |
| Diğer ID | JA48CB69MG |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Haziran 2011 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2011Cilt: 58 Sayı: 2 |