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Investigation of Some Biochemical Parameters and Mineral Values in the Blood of Rainbow trout Growing in Dam and Sea water

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 191 - 200, 30.06.2022

Ayşenur Kıran Gülay Çiftci

https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1100393

Öz

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of the difference in the breeding environment (pH, temperature, salinity, oxygen content and saturation) of rainbow trout grown in dam and sea water on the level of some minerals (calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron) and biochemical parameters in the serum. The study material consisted of 20 rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) weighing about 800-1000 gr in the dam water of Samsun (Derbent Dam) and the Black Sea water (Yakakent). Blood samples were taken from both groups on the same day in December and the pH, temperature, oxygen content and saturation level of the water were determined by YSK oxygen meter, and salinity was determined by refractometry.
Total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), cholesterol (TK), glucose (Glu), urea, creatinine (Cre), uric acid (UA), Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), triglyceride (TG) Calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc and ALT, AST enzyme activities were determined by spectrophotometric method in an autoanalyzer. It was observed that the salinity, oxygen and saturation levels of the sea water were higher than those of the dam water, and the pH and temperature were close to each other. It was determined that TP, Alb, Alb/Glo, TK, TG, UA and Ca levels in rainbow trout raised in the dam were significantly higher than those raised in the sea (P<0.05). Glu, Cre, Mg and Fe levels were found to be higher in the blood serum of rainbow trout (P<0.05). Zn, urea, AST and ALT levels of rainbow trout raised in sea and dam were similar. In our study where the same fish species were provided with the same feeding conditions, it was observed that the differences in salinity and dissolved oxygen levels of fish farming waters caused changes in some mineral and blood parameter levels in fish. It was concluded that determining the supplementation of the missing minerals in fish according to the salinity and dissolved oxygen level in the environment may be important for the development of the fish.

Anahtar Kelimeler

biochemical parameters rainbow trout mineral

Destekleyen Kurum

Bu çalışma, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi tarafından Yüksek Lisans Tez Projesi olarak desteklenmiştir.

Proje Numarası

PYO.VET1904.19.006

Teşekkür

This research was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Commission of Ondokuz Mayis University (Contract Grand Number: PYO.VET1904.19.006).

Kaynakça

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  • Akyurt, İ. (1994). Balık beslemede mineraller, Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 19;25(3):445-453.
  • Al‐Dohail, M.A, Hashim, R. & Aliyu‐Paiko, M. (2009). Effects of the probiotic, Lactobacillus acidophilus, on the growth performance, haematology parameters and immunoglobulin concentration in African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822) fingerling. Aquaculture Research 40(14), 1642-1652.
  • Alev, V. & Dikel, S. (2003). Tilapia- a successful second crop to trout. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 17(1), 12-14.
  • Alloway, B.J. (2009). Soil factors associated with zinc deficiency in crops and humans. Environ Geochem Health (31), 537-548.
  • Alsop, D.H., McGeer, J.C., McDonald, G. & Wood, C.M. (1999). Costs of chronic waterborne zinc exposure and the consequences of zinc acclimation on the gill: zinc interactions of rainbow trout in hard and soft water. Environ Toxicol Chem. (18), 1014-1025.
  • Al-Yousuf, M.H., El-Shahawi, M.S. & Al-Ghais, S.M. (2000). Trace metals in liver, skin and muscle of Lethrinus lentjan fish species in relation to body length and sex. Science of the Total Environment 256, 87-94.
  • Anonymous, D.S.Y. (2002). VII. Bölge Müdürlüğü, İşletme ve Bakım Şube Müdürlüğü Raporu, Samsun.
  • Anonymous, D. I. E. (1991). Su ürünleri istatistikleri. Yayın No: 1583, 1993, Ankara.
  • Anthony, J.A., Roby, D.D. & Turco, K.R. (2000). Lipid content and energy density of forage fishes from the Northern Gulf of Alaska. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 248, 53-78.
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  • Atay, D. (1987). İçsu balıkları ve üretim tekniği. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, Yayın No: 1035, Ankara.
  • Baldisserotto, B, Chowdhury, M.J. & Wood, C.M. (2005). Effects of dietary calcium and cadmium on cadmium accumulation, calcium and cadmium uptake from the water, and their interactions in juvenile rainbow trout. Aquat Toxicol. 72(1), 99-117.
  • Baldisserotto, B., Kamunde, C., Matsuo, A. & Wood, C.M. (2004). A protective effect of dietary calcium against acute waterborne cadmium uptake in rainbow trout. Aquat Toxicol. 6, 57-73.
  • Barbour, H.M. & Davisdon, W. (1988). Studies on measurement of plasma magnesium: application of the Magon dye method to the ’’Monarch’’ centrifugal analyzer. Clin Chem, 34(10), 2103-2105.
  • Bayrak, H. (2006). Bağcı balık bozdoğan (Amasya Köyü-Aydın) tesislerinin alabalık üretim tekniği, (Y. Lisans Tezi) Ege Üniversitesi FBE, Su Ürünleri Yetiştiricilik ABD 123, İzmir.
  • Berntssen, M.H.G., Waagbo, R., Toften, H. & Lundeby, A.K. (2003). Effects of dietary cadmium on calcium homeostasis, Ca mobilization and bone deformities in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) parr. Aquaculture Nutrit. 9(3),175-183.
  • Borucka-Jastrzebska, E. & Protasowicki, M. (2006). Levels of selected metals in tissues and organs of 5-month-old carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Acta Sci Pol Pisc 5(2),3-16.
  • Bradley, R.W. & Sprague, J.B. (1985). Accumulation of zinc by rainbow trout as influenced by pH, water hardness and fish size. Environ Toxicol Chem. 4, 685-694.
  • Charoo, S.Q., Chalkoo, S.R. & Qureshi, T.A. (2013). Sexual differentiation in blood biochemistry of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Cloud Publications International Journal of Advanced Fisheries and Aquatic Science 1, 32-38.
  • Chen, C.Y., Wooster, G.A., Getchell, R.G., Bowser, P.R. & Timmons, M.B. (2002). Blood chemistry of healthy, Nephrocalcinosis-Affected and Ozone-Treated Tilapia in A Recirculation System, with Application of Discriminant Analysis, Aquaculture 21, 889-102.
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Baraj ve deniz suyunda yetiştirilen gökkuşağı alabalığının kanındaki bazı biyokimyasal parametreler ve mineral değerlerinin araştırılması

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 191 - 200, 30.06.2022

Ayşenur Kıran Gülay Çiftci

https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1100393

Öz

Bu çalışmada, baraj ve deniz suyunda yetiştirilen gökkuşağı alabalığının yetiştirme ortamındaki (pH, sıcaklık, tuzluluk, oksijen içeriği ve doygunluk) farklılığın serumda bazı mineraller (kalsiyum, magnezyum, çinko, demir) ile biyokimyasal parametre düzeyine etkisinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Çalışma materyalini Samsun'da baraj suyu (Derbent Barajı) ve Karadeniz suyu (Yakakent) içinde yaklaşık 800-1000 gr ağırlığında 20 adet gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) oluşturdu. Aralık ayında aynı günde her iki gruptan kan örnekleri alındı ve suyun pH, sıcaklık, oksijen içeriği ve doygunluk düzeyi YSK oksijen ölçer ile, tuzluluk ise refraktometri ile belirlendi. Toplam protein (TP), albümin (Alb), kolesterol (TK), glikoz (Glu), üre, kreatinin (Cre), ürik asit (UA), Aspartat transaminaz (AST), Alanin Aminotransferaz (ALT), trigliserit (TG) kalsiyum, magnezyum, demir ve çinko ile ALT, AST enzim aktivitelerinin otoanalizörde spektrofotometrik yöntemle belirlendi. Deniz suyunun tuzluluk, oksijen ve doygunluk düzeylerinin baraj suyundan daha yüksek olduğu ve pH ile sıcaklığın birbirine yakın olduğu gözlendi. Barajda yetiştirilen gökkuşağı alabalığında TP, Alb, Alb/Glo, TK, TG, UA ve Ca düzeylerinin denizde yetiştirilenlere göre önemli ölçüde yüksek olduğu belirlendi (P<0.05). Gökkuşağı alabalığının kan serumunda Glu, Cre, Mg ve Fe seviyeleri daha yüksek bulundu (P<0.05). Deniz ve barajda yetiştirilen gökkuşağı alabalığının Zn, üre, AST ve ALT seviyeleri benzer bulundu. Aynı balık türlerinin aynı beslenme koşulları ile sağlandığı çalışmamızda, balık yetiştiriciliği sularının tuzluluk ve çözünmüş oksijen düzeylerindeki farklılıkların balıklarda bazı mineral ve kan parametre düzeylerinde değişikliklere neden olduğu gözlendi. Balıklarda eksik olan minerallerin takviyesinin ortamdaki tuzluluk ve çözünmüş oksijen seviyesine göre belirlenmesinin balıkların gelişimi açısında önemli olabileceği kanaatine varıldı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

biyokimyasal parametreler gökkuşağı alabalığı mineral

Proje Numarası

PYO.VET1904.19.006

Kaynakça

  • Adam, B. (2000). Temel Biyokimya, s. 152, Nobel Yayın Dağıtım Ltd. Şti. Ankara.
  • Akyurt, İ. (1994). Balık beslemede mineraller, Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 19;25(3):445-453.
  • Al‐Dohail, M.A, Hashim, R. & Aliyu‐Paiko, M. (2009). Effects of the probiotic, Lactobacillus acidophilus, on the growth performance, haematology parameters and immunoglobulin concentration in African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822) fingerling. Aquaculture Research 40(14), 1642-1652.
  • Alev, V. & Dikel, S. (2003). Tilapia- a successful second crop to trout. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 17(1), 12-14.
  • Alloway, B.J. (2009). Soil factors associated with zinc deficiency in crops and humans. Environ Geochem Health (31), 537-548.
  • Alsop, D.H., McGeer, J.C., McDonald, G. & Wood, C.M. (1999). Costs of chronic waterborne zinc exposure and the consequences of zinc acclimation on the gill: zinc interactions of rainbow trout in hard and soft water. Environ Toxicol Chem. (18), 1014-1025.
  • Al-Yousuf, M.H., El-Shahawi, M.S. & Al-Ghais, S.M. (2000). Trace metals in liver, skin and muscle of Lethrinus lentjan fish species in relation to body length and sex. Science of the Total Environment 256, 87-94.
  • Anonymous, D.S.Y. (2002). VII. Bölge Müdürlüğü, İşletme ve Bakım Şube Müdürlüğü Raporu, Samsun.
  • Anonymous, D. I. E. (1991). Su ürünleri istatistikleri. Yayın No: 1583, 1993, Ankara.
  • Anthony, J.A., Roby, D.D. & Turco, K.R. (2000). Lipid content and energy density of forage fishes from the Northern Gulf of Alaska. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 248, 53-78.
  • Atay, D. (1986). Balık üretim tesisleri ve planlaması. Ankara Üniv. Ziraat Fak No: 959, Ankara.
  • Atay, D. (1987). İçsu balıkları ve üretim tekniği. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, Yayın No: 1035, Ankara.
  • Baldisserotto, B, Chowdhury, M.J. & Wood, C.M. (2005). Effects of dietary calcium and cadmium on cadmium accumulation, calcium and cadmium uptake from the water, and their interactions in juvenile rainbow trout. Aquat Toxicol. 72(1), 99-117.
  • Baldisserotto, B., Kamunde, C., Matsuo, A. & Wood, C.M. (2004). A protective effect of dietary calcium against acute waterborne cadmium uptake in rainbow trout. Aquat Toxicol. 6, 57-73.
  • Barbour, H.M. & Davisdon, W. (1988). Studies on measurement of plasma magnesium: application of the Magon dye method to the ’’Monarch’’ centrifugal analyzer. Clin Chem, 34(10), 2103-2105.
  • Bayrak, H. (2006). Bağcı balık bozdoğan (Amasya Köyü-Aydın) tesislerinin alabalık üretim tekniği, (Y. Lisans Tezi) Ege Üniversitesi FBE, Su Ürünleri Yetiştiricilik ABD 123, İzmir.
  • Berntssen, M.H.G., Waagbo, R., Toften, H. & Lundeby, A.K. (2003). Effects of dietary cadmium on calcium homeostasis, Ca mobilization and bone deformities in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) parr. Aquaculture Nutrit. 9(3),175-183.
  • Borucka-Jastrzebska, E. & Protasowicki, M. (2006). Levels of selected metals in tissues and organs of 5-month-old carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Acta Sci Pol Pisc 5(2),3-16.
  • Bradley, R.W. & Sprague, J.B. (1985). Accumulation of zinc by rainbow trout as influenced by pH, water hardness and fish size. Environ Toxicol Chem. 4, 685-694.
  • Charoo, S.Q., Chalkoo, S.R. & Qureshi, T.A. (2013). Sexual differentiation in blood biochemistry of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Cloud Publications International Journal of Advanced Fisheries and Aquatic Science 1, 32-38.
  • Chen, C.Y., Wooster, G.A., Getchell, R.G., Bowser, P.R. & Timmons, M.B. (2002). Blood chemistry of healthy, Nephrocalcinosis-Affected and Ozone-Treated Tilapia in A Recirculation System, with Application of Discriminant Analysis, Aquaculture 21, 889-102.
  • Chilma, D.M. (2006). World fish center, Zambia.
  • Cicik, B. (1995). Cyprinus carpio’da Bakır, çinko ve bakır + çinko karışımında solungaç, karaciğer ve kas dokularındaki metal birikiminin nicel protein, glikojen ve kandaki bazı biyokimyasal parametreler üzerine etkileri. Doktora Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enst. Biyoloji ABD, Adana,107.
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  • Hrubec, T. C. (1999). Differences between plasma and serum samples for the evaluation of blood chemistry values in Rainbow Trout, Channel Catfish, Hybrid Tilapias and Hybrid Stripped Bass. J Aquat Animal Health 11,116-122.
  • Hrubec, T.C. (2000). Haematology of fish. Schalm’s Veterinary Haematology. 5th Ed. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadepphia PA 120-1125.
  • Hwang, P.P., Tung, Y.C. & Chang, M.H. (1996). Effect of environmental calcium levels on calcium uptake in tilapia larvae (Oreochromis mossambicus). Fish Physiol Biochem. 15, 363-370.
  • Kader, M.A., Koshio, S., Ishikawa, M., Yokoyama, S. & Bulbul, M. (2010). Supplemental effects of some crude ingredients in improving nutritive values of low fishmeal diets for red sea bream, Pagrus major. Aquaculture 308,136-144.
  • Kavitha, C., Ramesh. M., Kumaran, S.S. & Lakshmi, S.A. (2012). Toxicity of Moringa oleifera seed extract on some hematological and biochemical profiles in a freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio. Experimental & Toxicologic Pathology Official Journal of the Gesellschaft Fur Toxikologische Pathologie 64, 681-687.
  • Kopp, R., Mares, J., Lang, S., Brabec, T. & Zikova, A. (2011). Assessment of ranges plasma indices in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reared under conditions of intensive aquaculture. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel Brun 6,181-188.
  • Kulkarni, R.S. (2015). Comparative studies on blood electrolytes of the fresh water fish, Notopterus notopterus from three aquatic bodies. International Letters of Natural Sciences 40,1-5.
  • Louka, N.F., Juhel, V., Fazilleau, G. & Loonis, P. (2004). A novel colorimetry analysis used to compare different drying fish processes. Food control 15, 327-334.
  • Luczynska, J., Borejszo, Z. & Luczynski, M.J. (2009). The composition of fatty acids in muscles of six freshwater fish species from the Mazurian Great Lakes (Northwestern Poland). Arch Pol Fish 16, 167-178.
  • Makino, T., Siato, M., Horiguchi, D. & Kina, K.A. (1982). Highly sensitive colorimetric determination of serum zinc using water- soluble pyridylazo dye. Clin Acta 120, 127-135.
  • Manera, M. (2006). Assessment of the blood chemistry normal ranges in Rainbow Trout. J Fish Biol 69:1427-1434.
  • McCormick, S.D., Hasegawa, S. & Hirano, T. (1992). Calcium uptake in the skin of a freshwater teleost. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S.A, 89, 3635-3638.
  • McDonald, D.G. (1992). Chemical properties of the blood. In: W.S. Hoar, D.J. Randall and A.P. Farell (Eds). Fish Physiology, Academic Press Inc., San Deigo, CA, 55-133. Michaylova, V. & Illkova, P. (1971). The liquit-state, iodide-selective electrode. Anal Chim Acta. 53,194.
  • Murray, R.K., Mayes, P.A., Granner, D.K. & Rodwel, V.W. (1993). Harper’in Biyokimyası (Menteş D. ve Ersöz B. çev.), s. 913, Barış Kitabevi, İstanbul.
  • Payne, S.A., Johnson, B. A. & Otto, R.S. (1999). Proximate composition of some North-Eastern Pacific forage fish species. Fish Oceanography, 8(3),159-177.
  • Racicot, J.G., Gaudet, M. & Leray, C. (1975). Blood and liver enzymes in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) with emphasis on their diagnostic use: Study of CCl4 toxicity and a case of Aeromonas infection. J Fish BioI 7, 825-835.
  • Rao, C.R. (1973). Linear statistical inference and its applications (2nd Ed.): John Wiley. New York.
  • Ross, B. & Ross, L.G. (2002). Anaesthetic and seductive for aquatic animals.2nd Edition, Blackwell Science Ltd.
  • Sacks, H. (1999). Max Weber's ancient judaism. Theory, Culture and Society, 16(1),31-39.
  • Schulman, R.C., Weiss, A.J. & Mechanick, J.I. (2011). Nutrition, bone, and aging: an integrative physiology approach. Curr Osteoporos Rep 9, 184-195.
  • Sheen, S.S. (2000). Dietary cholesterol requirement of juvenile mud crab Scylla serrata. Aquaculture, 189, 277-285. Shell, E. W. (1961). Chemical composition of blood of smallmouth bass. U.S. Fish Wildl Serv Res Rep, 57, 36.
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  • Sönmez, M. & Çetinkaya, O. (2003). Çinkonun (Zn+2) inci kefali (Chalcalburnus tarichi Pallas 1811) üzerindeki akut toksisitesi. XII. Ulusal Su Ürünleri Sempozyumu, 413-418, Elazığ.
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  • Stanek, M., Andrzejewski, W., Janicki, B., Mazurkiewicz, J. & Waszak, I. (2014). Conte nt of calcium and phosphorus in the meat, gills and liver of perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) from the Wielkopolska Lakes District (Poland). J Elem, 507-518. Stookey, L. (1970). Two new spectrophotometric reagents for copper. Talanta, 17(7),644-647.
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  • Talas, Z.S. (2009). Effects of various propolis concentrations on biochemical and hematological parameters of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 72,1994-1198.
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  • Vonck, A.P.M.A., Wendelaar Bonga, S.E. & Flik, G. (1998). Sodium and calsium balance in mozambique tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus, Raised at Different Salinities, Comp Biochem Physiol, 2, 441-449.
  • Waagbo, R., Sandnes, K., Espelid, S. & Lie, Q. (1988). Haematological and biochemical analyses of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. suffering from coldwater vibriosis (Hitra disease). J Fish Dis, 11,417-423.
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  • Weıchselbaum, T. (1946). An accurate and rapid method for the determination of proteins in small amounts of blood serum and plasma. Am J Clin Pat, 16,40-49.
  • Yılmaz, A.B., Sangün, M.K., Yağlıoğlu, D. & Turan, C. (2010). Metals (major, essential to non-essential) composition of the different tissues of three demersal fish species from Iskenderun Bay, Turkey. Food Chem, 123,410-415.
Toplam 76 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ayşenur Kıran Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-5043-4726

Gülay Çiftci 0000-0001-5384-2381

Proje Numarası PYO.VET1904.19.006
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 16 Haziran 2022
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 8 Nisan 2022
Kabul Tarihi 1 Haziran 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Kıran, A., & Çiftci, G. (2022). Investigation of Some Biochemical Parameters and Mineral Values in the Blood of Rainbow trout Growing in Dam and Sea water. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 7(2), 191-200. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1100393
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