Öz
Çalışmada 4 farklı sığır ırkında (Siyah Alaca, Jersey, Simental, Danimarka Kırmızısı) doğum sonrası brix refraktometre ile kolostrum kalitesinin belirlenmesi ve elde edilecek sonuçların karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, 56 baş Siyah Alaca, 29 baş Jersey, 12 baş Simental ve 10 baş Danimarka Kırmızısı olmak üzere 4 farklı ırktan toplam 107 adet kolostrum numunesi araştırılmıştır. Kolostrum kalitesinin tespit edilmesinde kolostrum brix refraktometre kullanılmış olup sonuçlar % oranlar olarak ifade edilmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar kolostrum brix değeri bakımından ırklar arasıdaki farklılıkların istatistiki düzeyde önemli (P<0.05) olduğunu göstermiştir. Irklara göre en yüksek kolostrum brix değeri %27.8 ile Simental ırkında belirlenmiş bunu sırasıyla %27.5 ile Danimarka Kırmızısı, %27.2 ile Siyah Alaca ve %26.0 Jersey ırkı takip etmiştir. Laktasyon sayısı, kuru dönem süresi, buzağı doğum ağırlığı ve buzağılama mevsimi faktörlerinin kolostrum brix değeri düzeyine etkisinin istatistiksel olarak önemli olmadığı belirlenmiştir (P>0.05). Çalışmada, kolostrum brix değerinin ırklar arasında farklılık gösterdiği ancak bu parametre üzerinde incelenen diğer faktörlerin etkisinin önemli olmadığı sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
kolostrum kalitei brix reraktometre Siyah Alaa Jersey Simental Danimarka Kırmızısı
Kaynakça
- Arthington, J., 1999. Colostrum management in newborn calves. The Florida Cattleman And Livestock Journal. November – 1999.
- Aydoğdu, U., Şen, İ., Güzelbekteş, H., 2019. Buzağılarda Pasif Transfer Yetmezliğinin Belirlenmesinde Kullanılan Yöntemler. Manas J Agriculture Veterinary and Life Sciences Volume 9, Issue 2, 104 – 111.
- Bielmann, V., Gillan, J., Perkins, N.R, Skidmore, A.L., Godden, Leslie, S., 2010. An evaluation of Brix refractometry instruments for measurement of colostrum quality in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 93 :3713–3721 doi:10.3168/jds.2009-2943.
- Brinton, A.H. and L.W. Whitlow., 2005. Feeding Dairy Heifers from Birth to Weaning. https://projects.ncsu.edu/cals/an_sci/extension/dairy/202D.pdf Erişim tarihi: 05.11.2020
- Chigerwe, M., Tyler, J.W., Middleton, J.R., Spain, J.N., Dill J.S., 2008. Comparison of four methods to assess colostral IgG concentration in dairy cows J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 233, pp. 761-766.
- Devery-Pocius, J.E. and Larson, B.L., 1983. Age and Previous Lactations as Factors in The Amount Of Bovine Colostral İmmunoglobulins. J. Dairy Sci. 66(2):221-226.
- Earley, B., Fallon, R.J., 1999. Calf health and immunity. Teagasc, Grange Research Centre, Dunsany, Co. Meath. Beef Production Series No: 17.
- Erdem, H., and Atasever S., 2005. Yeni Doğan Buzağılarda Kolostrumun Önemi. OMÜ Zir. Fak. Dergisi, 20 (2):79- 84.
- Fleenor, W.A., Stott, G.H., 1980. Hydrometer test for estimation of immunoglobulin concentration inbovine colostrum. J. Dairy Sci. 63(6):973-977.
- Genç, M., 2015. İsviçre Esmeri ve Siyah Alaca sığırlarda bazı çevresel faktörlerin kolostrum kalitesi ve pasif immunite üzerine etkileri. Atatürk Üniv. Sağlık Bilimleri Enst., Doktora Tezi, Erzurum.
- Grusenmeyer, D.J., Ryan, C.M., Galton, D.M., Overton T.R., 2006. Shortening the Dry Period from 60 to 40 days Does not Affect Colostrum Quality but Decreases Colostrum Yield by Holstein Cows. Journal of Animal Science, 84 (Suppl, 1): 336.
- Heinrichs, J., 2000. Measuring Colostrum Quality. Dairy Digest, April 2000. http://ww.das.psu.edu/XDairy.cfm.
- Hurley, W.L., Theil, P.K., 2013. Immunoglobulins in mammary secretions. In P. L. H. McSweeney P. F. Fox (Eds.), Advanced dairy chemistry (Protein: Basic aspects 4th ed., Vol. 1A, pp. 275–294). New York, NY: Springer.
- Kehoe, S.I., Jayarao, B.M., Heinrichs, A.J., 2007. A survey of bovine colostrum composition and colostrum management practices on Pennsylvania dairy farms. J Dairy Sci 90: 4108–4116.
- Kessler, E.C., Bruckmaier, R.M., Gross, J.J., 2020. Colostrum composition and immunoglobulin G content in dairy and dual-purpose cattle breeds. Journal of Animal Science, 98(8). https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa237.skaa237.
- Kirk, J.H., 2003. Colostrum : The Key To Control of Calfhood Diseases and Death Loss. http:// www. vetmed. ucdavis. edu/vetext/ınf-dacolostrum Erişim tarihi: 21.11.2020
- Levieux, D., and Ollier, A., 1999. Bovine immunoglobulin G, beta-lactoglobulin, alpha-lactalbumin and serum albumin in colostrum and milk during the early post partum period. Journal of Dairy Research, 66 (1999), pp. 421-430.
- Morrill, K.M., Quigley, J.D., Lago, A., Tyler, H.D., 2012. Estimate of colostral IgG concentration using refractometry without or with caprylic acid fractionation J. Dairy Sci., 95 (2012), pp. 3987-3996.
- Morin, D.E., Constable, P.D., Maunsell, F.P., McCoy, G.C., 2001. Factors Associated With Colostral Specific Gravity in Dairy Cows. J. Dairy Sci. 84 (4): 937-943.
- Muller, L.D., and Ellinger, D.K., 1981. Colostral Immunoglobulin Concentrations Among Breeds of Dairy Cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 64 (8): 1727-1730.
- Özhan, M., Tüzemen, N., Yanar, M., 2009. Büyükbaş Hayvan Yetiştirme (Süt ve Et Sığırcılığı) Atatürk Üniversitesi Yayınları Ders Notu Yayın No: 134. Erzurum.
- Quigley, J., 1998. Using the Colostrometer to Measure Colostrum Quality. http://www.calfnotes.com.
- Quigley, J.D., Lago, A., Chapman, C., Erickson, P., Polo, J., 2013. Evaluation of the Brix refractometer to estimate immunoglobulin G concentration in bovine colostrum. J. Dairy Sci. 96: 1148–1155. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.3168/jds.2012-5823.
- Selk, G.E., 2003. Disease Protection for Baby Calves. http:// osuextra.okstate.edu/pdfs/F-3358web.pdf Erişim tarihi: 15.08.2021
- Sellers, R., 2001. A Guide to Colostrum and Colostrum Management For Dairy Calves. https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/nahms/dairy/downloads/bamn/BAMN01_Colostrum.pdf Erişim tarihi: 10. 09 2021
- Shearer, J.H.O., Mohammed, J.S., Brenneman, Tran, T.Q., 1992. Factors Associated With Concentrations Of Immunoglobulins in Colostrum At The First Milking Post-Calving. Pre.Vet. Med. 14 (1-2) : 143-154.
- Smith, V.R., Reed, R.E., Ervin, E.S., 1964. Relation of physiological age to intestinal permeability in the bovine J. Dairy Sci, 47 (1964), pp. 923-924.
- Thomas, H.S., 2003. Calves Need Colostrum to Build Immunities. http://www.cattletoday.com/ archive /2002/ March/CT195.shtml.
- Valenta, J., and Zilkova, J., 1988. A Practical Method Of Grading, Preservation and Use Of Colostrum For Calves in The First Day Of Life. Veterinarstvi. 38 (6): 276-279.
- Yang, M., Zou, Y., Wu, Z.H., Li, S.L., Cao, Z.C., 2015. Colostrum quality affects immune system establishment and intestinal development of neonatal calves. J Dairy Sci 98, 7153–7163.
Öz
In this study, it was aimed to compare and determine the quality of colostrum by brix refractometer in the postpartum period in 4 different cattle breeds (Holstein, Jersey, Simental, Danish Red). In the study were used 107 colostrum samples that from 4 different breeds of cows, 56 Holstein, 29 Jersey, 12 Simmental and 10 Danish Red. Colostrum brix refractometer was used to determine the colostrum quality and the results were expressed as % ratios. In the study, the differences between breeds in terms of colostrum brix value were statistically significant (P<0.05). According to the breeds, the highest colostrum brix value was determined in the Simmental breed (27.8 %), followed by the Danish Red (27.5 %), the Holstein (27.2 %) and the Jersey breed (26.0 %), respectively. In the study, the effect of lactation number, dry period lenght, calf birth weight and calving season on colostrum brix value was not statistically significant (P>0.05). In the study, it was concluded that the colostrum brix value differed between breeds, but the effect of other factors examined on this parameter was not significant.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Colostrum quality Brix refractometer Holstein Friesian Jersey Simmental Danish Red
Kaynakça
- Arthington, J., 1999. Colostrum management in newborn calves. The Florida Cattleman And Livestock Journal. November – 1999.
- Aydoğdu, U., Şen, İ., Güzelbekteş, H., 2019. Buzağılarda Pasif Transfer Yetmezliğinin Belirlenmesinde Kullanılan Yöntemler. Manas J Agriculture Veterinary and Life Sciences Volume 9, Issue 2, 104 – 111.
- Bielmann, V., Gillan, J., Perkins, N.R, Skidmore, A.L., Godden, Leslie, S., 2010. An evaluation of Brix refractometry instruments for measurement of colostrum quality in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 93 :3713–3721 doi:10.3168/jds.2009-2943.
- Brinton, A.H. and L.W. Whitlow., 2005. Feeding Dairy Heifers from Birth to Weaning. https://projects.ncsu.edu/cals/an_sci/extension/dairy/202D.pdf Erişim tarihi: 05.11.2020
- Chigerwe, M., Tyler, J.W., Middleton, J.R., Spain, J.N., Dill J.S., 2008. Comparison of four methods to assess colostral IgG concentration in dairy cows J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 233, pp. 761-766.
- Devery-Pocius, J.E. and Larson, B.L., 1983. Age and Previous Lactations as Factors in The Amount Of Bovine Colostral İmmunoglobulins. J. Dairy Sci. 66(2):221-226.
- Earley, B., Fallon, R.J., 1999. Calf health and immunity. Teagasc, Grange Research Centre, Dunsany, Co. Meath. Beef Production Series No: 17.
- Erdem, H., and Atasever S., 2005. Yeni Doğan Buzağılarda Kolostrumun Önemi. OMÜ Zir. Fak. Dergisi, 20 (2):79- 84.
- Fleenor, W.A., Stott, G.H., 1980. Hydrometer test for estimation of immunoglobulin concentration inbovine colostrum. J. Dairy Sci. 63(6):973-977.
- Genç, M., 2015. İsviçre Esmeri ve Siyah Alaca sığırlarda bazı çevresel faktörlerin kolostrum kalitesi ve pasif immunite üzerine etkileri. Atatürk Üniv. Sağlık Bilimleri Enst., Doktora Tezi, Erzurum.
- Grusenmeyer, D.J., Ryan, C.M., Galton, D.M., Overton T.R., 2006. Shortening the Dry Period from 60 to 40 days Does not Affect Colostrum Quality but Decreases Colostrum Yield by Holstein Cows. Journal of Animal Science, 84 (Suppl, 1): 336.
- Heinrichs, J., 2000. Measuring Colostrum Quality. Dairy Digest, April 2000. http://ww.das.psu.edu/XDairy.cfm.
- Hurley, W.L., Theil, P.K., 2013. Immunoglobulins in mammary secretions. In P. L. H. McSweeney P. F. Fox (Eds.), Advanced dairy chemistry (Protein: Basic aspects 4th ed., Vol. 1A, pp. 275–294). New York, NY: Springer.
- Kehoe, S.I., Jayarao, B.M., Heinrichs, A.J., 2007. A survey of bovine colostrum composition and colostrum management practices on Pennsylvania dairy farms. J Dairy Sci 90: 4108–4116.
- Kessler, E.C., Bruckmaier, R.M., Gross, J.J., 2020. Colostrum composition and immunoglobulin G content in dairy and dual-purpose cattle breeds. Journal of Animal Science, 98(8). https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa237.skaa237.
- Kirk, J.H., 2003. Colostrum : The Key To Control of Calfhood Diseases and Death Loss. http:// www. vetmed. ucdavis. edu/vetext/ınf-dacolostrum Erişim tarihi: 21.11.2020
- Levieux, D., and Ollier, A., 1999. Bovine immunoglobulin G, beta-lactoglobulin, alpha-lactalbumin and serum albumin in colostrum and milk during the early post partum period. Journal of Dairy Research, 66 (1999), pp. 421-430.
- Morrill, K.M., Quigley, J.D., Lago, A., Tyler, H.D., 2012. Estimate of colostral IgG concentration using refractometry without or with caprylic acid fractionation J. Dairy Sci., 95 (2012), pp. 3987-3996.
- Morin, D.E., Constable, P.D., Maunsell, F.P., McCoy, G.C., 2001. Factors Associated With Colostral Specific Gravity in Dairy Cows. J. Dairy Sci. 84 (4): 937-943.
- Muller, L.D., and Ellinger, D.K., 1981. Colostral Immunoglobulin Concentrations Among Breeds of Dairy Cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 64 (8): 1727-1730.
- Özhan, M., Tüzemen, N., Yanar, M., 2009. Büyükbaş Hayvan Yetiştirme (Süt ve Et Sığırcılığı) Atatürk Üniversitesi Yayınları Ders Notu Yayın No: 134. Erzurum.
- Quigley, J., 1998. Using the Colostrometer to Measure Colostrum Quality. http://www.calfnotes.com.
- Quigley, J.D., Lago, A., Chapman, C., Erickson, P., Polo, J., 2013. Evaluation of the Brix refractometer to estimate immunoglobulin G concentration in bovine colostrum. J. Dairy Sci. 96: 1148–1155. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.3168/jds.2012-5823.
- Selk, G.E., 2003. Disease Protection for Baby Calves. http:// osuextra.okstate.edu/pdfs/F-3358web.pdf Erişim tarihi: 15.08.2021
- Sellers, R., 2001. A Guide to Colostrum and Colostrum Management For Dairy Calves. https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/nahms/dairy/downloads/bamn/BAMN01_Colostrum.pdf Erişim tarihi: 10. 09 2021
- Shearer, J.H.O., Mohammed, J.S., Brenneman, Tran, T.Q., 1992. Factors Associated With Concentrations Of Immunoglobulins in Colostrum At The First Milking Post-Calving. Pre.Vet. Med. 14 (1-2) : 143-154.
- Smith, V.R., Reed, R.E., Ervin, E.S., 1964. Relation of physiological age to intestinal permeability in the bovine J. Dairy Sci, 47 (1964), pp. 923-924.
- Thomas, H.S., 2003. Calves Need Colostrum to Build Immunities. http://www.cattletoday.com/ archive /2002/ March/CT195.shtml.
- Valenta, J., and Zilkova, J., 1988. A Practical Method Of Grading, Preservation and Use Of Colostrum For Calves in The First Day Of Life. Veterinarstvi. 38 (6): 276-279.
- Yang, M., Zou, Y., Wu, Z.H., Li, S.L., Cao, Z.C., 2015. Colostrum quality affects immune system establishment and intestinal development of neonatal calves. J Dairy Sci 98, 7153–7163.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Hayvansal Üretim (Diğer) |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 27 Haziran 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1 |
Tarandığı indeksler:
