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İrisin ve Metabolik Hastalıklar İlişkisinin Yaşam Döngüsünde İncelenmesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 164 - 173, 21.10.2022

Öz

İrisin ilk kez 2012 yılında egzersizle uyarılan bir miyokin olarak tanımlanmıştır. Tip I membran protein olan fibronektin tip III domain 5 (FNDC5)‘in proteolitik ürünüdür. İskelet kasının diğer dokular ile iletişimi miyokinler olarak bilinen hormonların salınımı ile sağlanmaktadır. Egzersizin olumlu etkilerinin miyokinlerden sağlandığı öne sürülmüştür. İrisin akut egzersize cevap olarak salgılanır, beyaz yağ dokusunun kahverengileşmesini sağlayarak termojenez yoluyla enerji harcamasını artırır. İrisinin termojenik etkisinin bazı metabolik hastalıklarda ve egzersizle iyileşme sağlanan bozukluklarda terapötik rolü olabileceği görülmüştür. İrisin ve obezite ilişkisinin araştırıldığı çalışmalara göre BKİ ve irisin düzeyleri pozitif korelasyon görülmüştür. Tip 1 diyabete sahip bireylerde irisin seviyesi yüksek seyrederken Tip 2 diyabete ve gestasyonel diyabete sahip bireylerde düşük bulunmuştur. Kardiyovasküler hastalıklarda miyokardiyumdan daha az irisin salgılanmaktadır. Metabolik sendromu olan bireylerde de irisinde yükselmeye yönelim fazladır. Özellikle yaşlılarda kas kütlesi kaybını önlemede ve osteoporoz kırıkları açısından irisin olumlu etki göstermektedir. Alkolik olmayan yağlı karaciğer hastalığında ise hastalığın şiddetlenmesiyle irisin düzeylerinin azaldığı görülmüştür. Hem yetişkin hem de çocuklarda egzersiz ve yaşam tarzı değişikliği uygulamalarının irisin düzeylerine etkisine ilişkin çalışma sonuçları çelişkilidir. Bu derlemede irisinin obezite, diyabet, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, metabolik sendrom, metabolik kemik hastalıkları, alkolik olmayan karaciğer yağlanması ile ilişkisi farklı yaş grupları üzerinde araştırılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Boström P, Wu J, Jedrychowski MP, Korde A, Ye L, Lo JC et al. A PGC1-α-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis. Nature 2012; 481(7382): 463–468. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10777.
  • 2. Martinez Munoz IY, Camarillo Romero E, Garduno Garcia JJ. Irisin a Novel Metabolic Biomarker: Present Knowledge and Future Directions. International Journal of Endocrinology 2018; 7816806. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7816806.
  • 3. Polyzos SA, Kountouras J, Shields K, Mantzoros CS. Irisin: a renaissance in metabolism? Metabolism 2013; 62: 1037–1044.
  • 4. Polyzos SA, Anastasilakis AD, Efstathiadou ZA, Makras P, Perakakis N, Kountouras J et al. Irisin in metabolic diseases. Endocrine 2018; 59(2): 260–274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-017-1476-1.
  • 5. Chen N, Li Q, Liu J, Jia S. Irisin, an exercise-induced myokine as a metabolic regulator: an updated narrative review. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2016; 32: 51– 59. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.2660.
  • 6. Li H, Wang F, Yang M, Sun J, Zhao Y, Tang D. The effect of irisin as a metabolic regulator and its therapeutic potential for obesity. International Journal of Endocrinology 2021; 6572342. doi: 10.1155/2021/6572342.
  • 7. Stengel A, Hofmann T, Goebel-Stengel M, Elbelt U, Kobelt P, Klapp BF. Circulating levels of irisin in patients with anorexia nervosa and different stages of obesity — correlation with body mass index. Peptides 2013; 39:125–30.
  • 8. Jia J, Yu F, Wei WP, Yang P, Zhang R, Sheng, Y et al. Relationship between circulating irisin levels and overweight/obesity: A meta-analysis. World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019; 7(12): 1444–1455. https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v7.i12.1444.
  • 9. Huh JY, Panagiotou G, Mougios V, Brinkoetter M, Vamvini MT, Schneider BE et al. FNDC5 and irisin in humans: I Predictors of circulating concentrations in serum and plasma and II. mRNA expression and circulating concentrations in response to weight loss and exercise. Metabolism 2012; 61:1725–1738.
  • 10. Sahin-Efe A, Upadhyay J, Ko BJ, Dincer F, Park KH, Migdal A et al. Irisin and leptin concentrations in relation to obesity, and developing type 2 diabetes: A cross sectional and a prospective case-control study nested in the Normative Aging Study. Metabolism: clinical and experimental 2018; 79: 24–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2017.10.011.
  • 11. Moreno-Navarrete JM, Ortega F, Serrano M, Guerra E, Pardo G, Tinahones F et al. Irisin is expressed and produced by human muscle and adipose tissue in association with obesity and insulin resistance. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2013; 98(4): 769–778. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2012-2749.
  • 12. Tibana RA, da Cunha Nascimento D, Frade de Souza NM, de Souza VC, de Sousa Neto IV, Voltarelli FA et al. Irisin levels are not associated to resistance training-induced alterations in body mass composition in older untrained women with and without obesity. J Nutr Health Aging 2017; 21: 241–246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-016-0748-4.
  • 13. Liu BW, Yin FZ, Qi XM, Fan DM, Zhang Y. The Levels of Serum Irisin as a Predictor of Insulin Resistance in Han Chinese Adults with Metabolically Healthy Obesity. Clinical Laboratory 2017; 63(5): 881–886. https://doi.org/10.7754/Clin.Lab.2016.160805.
  • 14. Hou N, Han F, Sun X. The relationship between circulating irisin levels and endothelial function in lean and obese subjects. Clinical Endocrinology 2015; 83(3): 339-343.
  • 15. Elizondo-Montemayor L, Silva-Platas C, Torres-Quintanilla A, Rodríguez-López C, Ruiz-Esparza GU, Reyes-Mendoza E et al. Association of irisin plasma levels with anthropometric parameters in children with underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity. BioMed Research International 2017; 2628968. doi: 10.1155/2017/2628968.
  • 16. Palacios-González B, Vadillo-Ortega F, Polo-Oteyza E, Sánchez T, Ancira-Moreno M., Romero-Hidalgo S et al. Irisin levels before and after physical activity among school-age children with different BMI: a direct relation with leptin. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 2015; 23(4): 729–732. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.21029
  • 17. Jang HB, Kim HJ, Kang JH, Park SI, Park KH, Lee HJ. Association of circulating irisin levels with metabolic and metabolite profiles of Korean adolescents. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental 2017; 73: 100–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2017.05.007
  • 18. Blüher S, Panagiotou G, Petroff D, Markert J, Wagner A, Klemm T et al. Effects of a 1‐year exercise and lifestyle intervention on irisin, adipokines, and inflammatory markers in obese children. Obesity 2014; 22(7): 1701-1708.
  • 19. Gizaw M, Anandakumar P, Debela T. A Review on the Role of Irisin in Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of pharmacopuncture 2017; 20(4): 235–242. https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2017.20.029 (Retraction published J Pharmacopuncture. 2020 Mar 31; 23(1): 42-43).
  • 20. Zhang C, Ding Z, Lv G, Li J, Zhou P, Zhang J, Lower irisin level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case-control study and meta-analysis. J. Diabetes 2016; 8: 56–62. doi: 10.1111/1753-0407.12256.
  • 21. Du XL, Jiang WX, Lv ZT. Lower circulating irisin level in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Horm. Metab. 2016; 48: 644–652 doi: 10.1055/s-0042-108730.
  • 22. Song R, Zhao X, Zhang DQ, Wang R, Feng Y. Lower levels of irisin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021; 175: 108788.
  • 23. Hu W, Wang R, Li J, Zhang J, Wang W. Association of irisin concentrations with the presence of diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy. Annals of clinical biochemistry 2016; 53(1): 67–74. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004563215582072.
  • 24. Ates I, Arikan MF, Erdogan K, Kaplan M, Yuksel M, Topcuoglu C, Yilmaz N et al. Factors associated with increased irisin levels in the type 1 diabetes mellitus. Endocr. Regul. 2017; 51(1): 1–7. doi: 10.1515/enr-2017-0001.
  • 25. Espes D, Lau J, Carlsson PO. Increased levels of irisin in people with long-standing type 1 diabetes. Diabet. Med. 2015; 32: 1172–1176. doi: 10.1111/dme.12731.
  • 26. Faienza MF, Brunetti G, Sanesi L, Colaianni G, Celi M, Piacente L et al. High irisin levels are associated with better glycemic control and bone health in children with Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Research and Clinical practice 2018; 141: 10-17. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.03.046
  • 27. Choi YK, Kim MK, Bae KH, Seo HA, Jeong JY, Lee WK et al. Serum irisin levels in new-onset type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res ClinPract 2013; 100: 96–101. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.01.007
  • 28. Al-Ghazali MJ, Ali HA, Al-Rufaie, MM. Serum irisin levels as a potential marker for diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus. Acta bio-medica :AteneiParmensis 2020; 91(1): 56–63. https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v91i1.7675.
  • 29. Zhao L, Li J, Li ZL, Yang J, Li ML, Wang GL. Circulating irisin is lower in gestational diabetes mellitus. Endocr. J 2015; 62: 921–926.
  • 30. Anastasilakis AD, Koulaxis D, Kefala N, Polyzos SA, Upadhyay J, Pagkalidou E et al. Circulating irisin levels are lower in patients with either stable coronary artery disease (CAD) or myocardial infarction (MI) versus healthy controls, whereas follistatin and activin A levels are higher and can discriminate MI from CAD with similar to CK-MB accuracy. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental 2017; 73: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2017.05.002.
  • 31. Hsieh IC, Ho MY, Wen MS, Chen CC, Hsieh MJ, Lin CP et al. Serum irisin levels are associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction. International Journal of Cardiology 2018; 261: 12-17.
  • 32. Ho MY, Wang, CY. Role of irisin in myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cardiac hypertrophy. Cells 2021; 10(8): 2103.
  • 33. Zhu D, Wang H, Zhang J, Zhang X, Xin C, Zhang F et al. Irisin improves endothelial function in type 2 diabetes through reducing oxidative/nitrative stresses. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 2015; 87: 138–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.07.015.
  • 34. Huh JY, Siopi A, Mougios V, Park KH, Mantzoros CS. Irisin in response to exercise in humans with and without metabolic syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015;100(3): 453-457. doi:10.1210/jc.2014-2416
  • 35. Osella AR, Colaianni G, Correale M, Pesole PL, Bruno I, Buongiorno C et al. Irisin serum levels in metabolic syndrome patients treated with three different diets: a post-hoc analysis from a randomized controlled clinical trial. Nutrients 2018; 10(7): 844.
  • 36. Shim YS, Kang MJ, Yang S, Hwang IT. Irisin is a biomarker for metabolic syndrome in prepubertal children. Endocrine Journal 2018; 65(1): 23–31. https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.EJ17-0260
  • 37. Colaianni G, Cinti S, Colucci S, Grano M. Irisin and musculoskeletal health. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2017; 1402(1): 5–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13345
  • 38. Palermo A, Strollo R, Maddaloni E, Tuccinardi, D, D'Onofrio L, Briganti SI et al. Irisin is associated with osteoporotic fractures independently of bone mineral density, body composition or daily physical activity. Clinical Endocrinology 2015; 82(4), 615–619. https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.12672
  • 39. Liu J, Qi B, Gan L, Shen Y, Zou Y. A Bibliometric Analysis of the Literature on Irisin from 2012–2021. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2022; 19(10): 6153.
  • 40. Guarnotta V, Prinzi A, Pitrone M, Pizzolanti G, Giordano C. Circulating Irisin Levels as a Marker of Osteosarcopenic-Obesity in Cushing's Disease. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity : Targets and Therapy 2020; 13: 1565–1574. https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S249090
  • 41. Choi ES, Kim MK, Song MK, Kim JM, Kim ES, Chung, WJ et al. Association between serum irisin levels and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in health screen examinees. PloS one 2014; 9(10), e110680. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110680.
  • 42. Hu J, Ke Y, Wu F, Liu S, Ji C, Zhu X. Circulating irisin levels in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastroenterology research and practice 2020;. 8818191. doi: 10.1155/2020/8818191.
  • 43. Polyzos SA, Kountouras J, Anastasilakis AD, Geladari EV, Mantzoros, CS. Irisin in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Metabolism 2014; 63(2): 207-217. doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2013.09.013.

Investigation of the Relationship of Irisin and Metabolic Diseases in Life Cycle

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 164 - 173, 21.10.2022

Öz

Irisin was first described in 2012 as an exercise-induced myokine. It is the proteolytic product of the type I membrane protein fibronectin type III domain 5 (FNDC5). The communication of skeletal muscle with other tissues is provided by the release of hormones known as myokines. It has been suggested that the positive effects of exercise are derived from myokines. Irisin is secreted in response to acute exercise, it causes browning of white adipose tissue and increasing energy expenditure through thermogenesis. It has been stated that the thermogenic effect of irisin may have a therapeutic role in some metabolic diseases and disorders that are improved by exercise. According to studies investigating the relationship between irisin and obesity, a positive correlation was observed between BMI and irisin levels. While irisin level was high in individuals with Type 1 diabetes, it was found to be low in individuals with Type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes. Less irisin is secreted from the myocardium in cardiovascular diseases. In addition, individuals with metabolic syndrome have a higher tendency to increase their irisin levels. Irisin has a positive effect on preventing muscle mass loss and osteoporosis fractures especially in the elderly. Besides, in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, irisin levels were found to decrease with the exacerbation of the disease. Results of the studies concerning the effects of exercise and lifestyle changes on irisin levels in both adults and children are contradictory. In this review, the relationship of irisin with obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, metabolic bone diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver was investigated on different age groups.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Boström P, Wu J, Jedrychowski MP, Korde A, Ye L, Lo JC et al. A PGC1-α-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis. Nature 2012; 481(7382): 463–468. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10777.
  • 2. Martinez Munoz IY, Camarillo Romero E, Garduno Garcia JJ. Irisin a Novel Metabolic Biomarker: Present Knowledge and Future Directions. International Journal of Endocrinology 2018; 7816806. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7816806.
  • 3. Polyzos SA, Kountouras J, Shields K, Mantzoros CS. Irisin: a renaissance in metabolism? Metabolism 2013; 62: 1037–1044.
  • 4. Polyzos SA, Anastasilakis AD, Efstathiadou ZA, Makras P, Perakakis N, Kountouras J et al. Irisin in metabolic diseases. Endocrine 2018; 59(2): 260–274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-017-1476-1.
  • 5. Chen N, Li Q, Liu J, Jia S. Irisin, an exercise-induced myokine as a metabolic regulator: an updated narrative review. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2016; 32: 51– 59. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.2660.
  • 6. Li H, Wang F, Yang M, Sun J, Zhao Y, Tang D. The effect of irisin as a metabolic regulator and its therapeutic potential for obesity. International Journal of Endocrinology 2021; 6572342. doi: 10.1155/2021/6572342.
  • 7. Stengel A, Hofmann T, Goebel-Stengel M, Elbelt U, Kobelt P, Klapp BF. Circulating levels of irisin in patients with anorexia nervosa and different stages of obesity — correlation with body mass index. Peptides 2013; 39:125–30.
  • 8. Jia J, Yu F, Wei WP, Yang P, Zhang R, Sheng, Y et al. Relationship between circulating irisin levels and overweight/obesity: A meta-analysis. World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019; 7(12): 1444–1455. https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v7.i12.1444.
  • 9. Huh JY, Panagiotou G, Mougios V, Brinkoetter M, Vamvini MT, Schneider BE et al. FNDC5 and irisin in humans: I Predictors of circulating concentrations in serum and plasma and II. mRNA expression and circulating concentrations in response to weight loss and exercise. Metabolism 2012; 61:1725–1738.
  • 10. Sahin-Efe A, Upadhyay J, Ko BJ, Dincer F, Park KH, Migdal A et al. Irisin and leptin concentrations in relation to obesity, and developing type 2 diabetes: A cross sectional and a prospective case-control study nested in the Normative Aging Study. Metabolism: clinical and experimental 2018; 79: 24–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2017.10.011.
  • 11. Moreno-Navarrete JM, Ortega F, Serrano M, Guerra E, Pardo G, Tinahones F et al. Irisin is expressed and produced by human muscle and adipose tissue in association with obesity and insulin resistance. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2013; 98(4): 769–778. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2012-2749.
  • 12. Tibana RA, da Cunha Nascimento D, Frade de Souza NM, de Souza VC, de Sousa Neto IV, Voltarelli FA et al. Irisin levels are not associated to resistance training-induced alterations in body mass composition in older untrained women with and without obesity. J Nutr Health Aging 2017; 21: 241–246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-016-0748-4.
  • 13. Liu BW, Yin FZ, Qi XM, Fan DM, Zhang Y. The Levels of Serum Irisin as a Predictor of Insulin Resistance in Han Chinese Adults with Metabolically Healthy Obesity. Clinical Laboratory 2017; 63(5): 881–886. https://doi.org/10.7754/Clin.Lab.2016.160805.
  • 14. Hou N, Han F, Sun X. The relationship between circulating irisin levels and endothelial function in lean and obese subjects. Clinical Endocrinology 2015; 83(3): 339-343.
  • 15. Elizondo-Montemayor L, Silva-Platas C, Torres-Quintanilla A, Rodríguez-López C, Ruiz-Esparza GU, Reyes-Mendoza E et al. Association of irisin plasma levels with anthropometric parameters in children with underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity. BioMed Research International 2017; 2628968. doi: 10.1155/2017/2628968.
  • 16. Palacios-González B, Vadillo-Ortega F, Polo-Oteyza E, Sánchez T, Ancira-Moreno M., Romero-Hidalgo S et al. Irisin levels before and after physical activity among school-age children with different BMI: a direct relation with leptin. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 2015; 23(4): 729–732. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.21029
  • 17. Jang HB, Kim HJ, Kang JH, Park SI, Park KH, Lee HJ. Association of circulating irisin levels with metabolic and metabolite profiles of Korean adolescents. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental 2017; 73: 100–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2017.05.007
  • 18. Blüher S, Panagiotou G, Petroff D, Markert J, Wagner A, Klemm T et al. Effects of a 1‐year exercise and lifestyle intervention on irisin, adipokines, and inflammatory markers in obese children. Obesity 2014; 22(7): 1701-1708.
  • 19. Gizaw M, Anandakumar P, Debela T. A Review on the Role of Irisin in Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of pharmacopuncture 2017; 20(4): 235–242. https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2017.20.029 (Retraction published J Pharmacopuncture. 2020 Mar 31; 23(1): 42-43).
  • 20. Zhang C, Ding Z, Lv G, Li J, Zhou P, Zhang J, Lower irisin level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case-control study and meta-analysis. J. Diabetes 2016; 8: 56–62. doi: 10.1111/1753-0407.12256.
  • 21. Du XL, Jiang WX, Lv ZT. Lower circulating irisin level in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Horm. Metab. 2016; 48: 644–652 doi: 10.1055/s-0042-108730.
  • 22. Song R, Zhao X, Zhang DQ, Wang R, Feng Y. Lower levels of irisin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021; 175: 108788.
  • 23. Hu W, Wang R, Li J, Zhang J, Wang W. Association of irisin concentrations with the presence of diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy. Annals of clinical biochemistry 2016; 53(1): 67–74. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004563215582072.
  • 24. Ates I, Arikan MF, Erdogan K, Kaplan M, Yuksel M, Topcuoglu C, Yilmaz N et al. Factors associated with increased irisin levels in the type 1 diabetes mellitus. Endocr. Regul. 2017; 51(1): 1–7. doi: 10.1515/enr-2017-0001.
  • 25. Espes D, Lau J, Carlsson PO. Increased levels of irisin in people with long-standing type 1 diabetes. Diabet. Med. 2015; 32: 1172–1176. doi: 10.1111/dme.12731.
  • 26. Faienza MF, Brunetti G, Sanesi L, Colaianni G, Celi M, Piacente L et al. High irisin levels are associated with better glycemic control and bone health in children with Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Research and Clinical practice 2018; 141: 10-17. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.03.046
  • 27. Choi YK, Kim MK, Bae KH, Seo HA, Jeong JY, Lee WK et al. Serum irisin levels in new-onset type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res ClinPract 2013; 100: 96–101. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.01.007
  • 28. Al-Ghazali MJ, Ali HA, Al-Rufaie, MM. Serum irisin levels as a potential marker for diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus. Acta bio-medica :AteneiParmensis 2020; 91(1): 56–63. https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v91i1.7675.
  • 29. Zhao L, Li J, Li ZL, Yang J, Li ML, Wang GL. Circulating irisin is lower in gestational diabetes mellitus. Endocr. J 2015; 62: 921–926.
  • 30. Anastasilakis AD, Koulaxis D, Kefala N, Polyzos SA, Upadhyay J, Pagkalidou E et al. Circulating irisin levels are lower in patients with either stable coronary artery disease (CAD) or myocardial infarction (MI) versus healthy controls, whereas follistatin and activin A levels are higher and can discriminate MI from CAD with similar to CK-MB accuracy. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental 2017; 73: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2017.05.002.
  • 31. Hsieh IC, Ho MY, Wen MS, Chen CC, Hsieh MJ, Lin CP et al. Serum irisin levels are associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction. International Journal of Cardiology 2018; 261: 12-17.
  • 32. Ho MY, Wang, CY. Role of irisin in myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cardiac hypertrophy. Cells 2021; 10(8): 2103.
  • 33. Zhu D, Wang H, Zhang J, Zhang X, Xin C, Zhang F et al. Irisin improves endothelial function in type 2 diabetes through reducing oxidative/nitrative stresses. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 2015; 87: 138–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.07.015.
  • 34. Huh JY, Siopi A, Mougios V, Park KH, Mantzoros CS. Irisin in response to exercise in humans with and without metabolic syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015;100(3): 453-457. doi:10.1210/jc.2014-2416
  • 35. Osella AR, Colaianni G, Correale M, Pesole PL, Bruno I, Buongiorno C et al. Irisin serum levels in metabolic syndrome patients treated with three different diets: a post-hoc analysis from a randomized controlled clinical trial. Nutrients 2018; 10(7): 844.
  • 36. Shim YS, Kang MJ, Yang S, Hwang IT. Irisin is a biomarker for metabolic syndrome in prepubertal children. Endocrine Journal 2018; 65(1): 23–31. https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.EJ17-0260
  • 37. Colaianni G, Cinti S, Colucci S, Grano M. Irisin and musculoskeletal health. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2017; 1402(1): 5–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13345
  • 38. Palermo A, Strollo R, Maddaloni E, Tuccinardi, D, D'Onofrio L, Briganti SI et al. Irisin is associated with osteoporotic fractures independently of bone mineral density, body composition or daily physical activity. Clinical Endocrinology 2015; 82(4), 615–619. https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.12672
  • 39. Liu J, Qi B, Gan L, Shen Y, Zou Y. A Bibliometric Analysis of the Literature on Irisin from 2012–2021. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2022; 19(10): 6153.
  • 40. Guarnotta V, Prinzi A, Pitrone M, Pizzolanti G, Giordano C. Circulating Irisin Levels as a Marker of Osteosarcopenic-Obesity in Cushing's Disease. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity : Targets and Therapy 2020; 13: 1565–1574. https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S249090
  • 41. Choi ES, Kim MK, Song MK, Kim JM, Kim ES, Chung, WJ et al. Association between serum irisin levels and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in health screen examinees. PloS one 2014; 9(10), e110680. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110680.
  • 42. Hu J, Ke Y, Wu F, Liu S, Ji C, Zhu X. Circulating irisin levels in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastroenterology research and practice 2020;. 8818191. doi: 10.1155/2020/8818191.
  • 43. Polyzos SA, Kountouras J, Anastasilakis AD, Geladari EV, Mantzoros, CS. Irisin in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Metabolism 2014; 63(2): 207-217. doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2013.09.013.
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Solmaz Ece Yılmaz 0000-0002-7133-7079

Hayrettin Mutlu 0000-0002-6560-5831

Yayımlanma Tarihi 21 Ekim 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 26 Temmuz 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Yılmaz, S. E., & Mutlu, H. (2022). İrisin ve Metabolik Hastalıklar İlişkisinin Yaşam Döngüsünde İncelenmesi. Sağlık Profesyonelleri Araştırma Dergisi, 4(3), 164-173. https://doi.org/10.57224/jhpr.1148955
AMA Yılmaz SE, Mutlu H. İrisin ve Metabolik Hastalıklar İlişkisinin Yaşam Döngüsünde İncelenmesi. Sağlık Pro Arş Dergisi. Ekim 2022;4(3):164-173. doi:10.57224/jhpr.1148955
Chicago Yılmaz, Solmaz Ece, ve Hayrettin Mutlu. “İrisin Ve Metabolik Hastalıklar İlişkisinin Yaşam Döngüsünde İncelenmesi”. Sağlık Profesyonelleri Araştırma Dergisi 4, sy. 3 (Ekim 2022): 164-73. https://doi.org/10.57224/jhpr.1148955.
EndNote Yılmaz SE, Mutlu H (01 Ekim 2022) İrisin ve Metabolik Hastalıklar İlişkisinin Yaşam Döngüsünde İncelenmesi. Sağlık Profesyonelleri Araştırma Dergisi 4 3 164–173.
IEEE S. E. Yılmaz ve H. Mutlu, “İrisin ve Metabolik Hastalıklar İlişkisinin Yaşam Döngüsünde İncelenmesi”, Sağlık Pro Arş Dergisi, c. 4, sy. 3, ss. 164–173, 2022, doi: 10.57224/jhpr.1148955.
ISNAD Yılmaz, Solmaz Ece - Mutlu, Hayrettin. “İrisin Ve Metabolik Hastalıklar İlişkisinin Yaşam Döngüsünde İncelenmesi”. Sağlık Profesyonelleri Araştırma Dergisi 4/3 (Ekim 2022), 164-173. https://doi.org/10.57224/jhpr.1148955.
JAMA Yılmaz SE, Mutlu H. İrisin ve Metabolik Hastalıklar İlişkisinin Yaşam Döngüsünde İncelenmesi. Sağlık Pro Arş Dergisi. 2022;4:164–173.
MLA Yılmaz, Solmaz Ece ve Hayrettin Mutlu. “İrisin Ve Metabolik Hastalıklar İlişkisinin Yaşam Döngüsünde İncelenmesi”. Sağlık Profesyonelleri Araştırma Dergisi, c. 4, sy. 3, 2022, ss. 164-73, doi:10.57224/jhpr.1148955.
Vancouver Yılmaz SE, Mutlu H. İrisin ve Metabolik Hastalıklar İlişkisinin Yaşam Döngüsünde İncelenmesi. Sağlık Pro Arş Dergisi. 2022;4(3):164-73.

SAĞLIK PROFESYONELLERİ ARAŞTIRMA DERGİSİ / JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROFESSIONALS RESEARCH /J HEALTH PRO RES