Termoplastik Malzemelerin CO2 Lazer Kesim Parametrelerinin Kerf Genişliği Ve Isıdan Etkilenen Bölge Üzerindeki Etkisinin İstatistiksel İncelenmesi
Öz
Bu çalışma, termoplastik malzemelerin CO2 lazer kesiminde bir dizi girdi parametresinin (malzeme tipi, güç ve kesme hızı) kritik çıktı parametreleri (kerf genişliği ve ısıdan etkilenen bölge) üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmayı amaçladı. Lazer kesim işlemi, Taguchi L18 (21x32) ortogonal dizi tasarımına göre gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kesme parametrelerinin çıktılar üzerindeki etkileri, sinyal-gürültü (S/N) oranı ve varyans analizi (ANOVA) teknikleri kullanılarak belirlendi. Ayrıca, kerf genişliği ve ısıdan etkilenen bölge tahmini için regresyon analizi kullanılarak birinci ve ikinci dereceden matematiksel modeller oluşturulmuştur. Kerf genişliği ve ısıdan etkilenen bölge için optimum lazer kesim parametreleri Polivinil Klorür (PVC) malzeme cinsi, 80 W güç ve 15 mm/s kesme hızı olarak belirlenmiştir. ANOVA sonuçları incelendiğinde, kerf genişliği üzerindeki en etkili parametrenin %53,99 ile kesme gücü ve ısıdan etkilenen bölge üzerindeki en etkili parametrenin ise %40,96 ile malzeme tipi olduğu görülmüştür. Kerf genişliği ve ısıdan etkilenen bölge için oluşturulan regresyon denklemlerin belirtme katsayı (R2) değerlerinin oldukça yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
CO2 Lazer Kesim Kerf Genişliği Isıdan Etkilenen Bölge ANOVA Regresyon Analizi
Destekleyen Kurum
Osmaniye Korkut Ata University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit
Proje Numarası
OKUBAP-2022-PT1-003
Teşekkür
This work has been supported by Osmaniye Korkut Ata University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit under grant number #OKUBAP-2022-PT1-003.
Kaynakça
- Akkuş H., Yaka H. Optimization of Turning Process by Using Taguchi Method. Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 22 (5), 1444-1448, 2018.
- Akovali G. Plastic Materials: Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC). In Toxicity of Building Materials. Woodhead Publishing, Sawston, UK, pp. 23-53, 2012.
- Basar G., Kirli Akin H., Kahraman F., Fedai Y. Modeling and Optimization of Face Milling Process Parameters for AISI 4140 Steel. Tehnički Glasnik 12 (1), 5-10, 2018.
- Bilge T., Motorcu A.R., Ivanov A. Kompakt Laminat Kompozit Malzemenin Tungsten Karbür Takımlarla Delinmesinde Delaminasyon Faktörünün Değerlendirilmesi. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 23 (4), 427-436, 2017.
- Callister W.D. Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction, 2nd Edition, Jr John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1991.
- Chen X., Li T., Zhai K., Hu Z., Zhou M. Using Orthogonal Experimental Method Optimizing Surface Quality of CO2 Laser Cutting Process for PMMA Microchannels. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 88, 2727-2733, 2017.
- Choudhury I.A., Shirley S. Laser Cutting of Polymeric Materials: An Experimental Investigation. Optics & Laser Technology 42 (3), 503-508, 2010.
- De Leon A.C., Da Silva Í.G., Pangilinan K.D., Chen Q., Caldona E.B., Advincula R.C. High Performance Polymers for Oil and Gas Applications. Reactive and Functional Polymers 162, 104878, 2021.
- Der O., Edwardson S., Bertola V. Manufacturing Low-Cost Fluidic and Heat Transfer Devices with Polymer Materials by Selective Transmission Laser Welding. In Encyclopedia of Materials: Plastics and Polymers. Elsevier; 2022.
- Der O., Edwardson S., Marengo M., Bertola V. Engineered Composite Polymer Sheets with Enhanced Thermal Conductivity. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 613 (1), 012008, 2019.
- El-Hofy M.H., El-Hofy H. Laser Beam Machining of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites: A Review. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 101 (9-12), 2965-2975, 2019.
- Evode N., Qamar S.A., Bilal M., Barceló D., Iqbal H.M. Plastic Waste and Its Management Strategies for Environmental Sustainability. Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering 4, 100142, 2021.
- Fedai Y., Basar G., Kirli Akin H. Multi-Response Optimization in Drilling of MWCNTs Reinforced GFRP Using Grey Relational Analysis. Tehnički Vjesnik 29 (3), 742-751, 2022.
- Fleck N.A., Deshpande V.S., Ashby M.F. Micro-Architectured Materials: Past, Present and Future. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 466 (2121), 2495-2516, 2010.
- Ge J., Zhang W., Luo M., Catalanotti G., Falzon B.G., Higgins C., Zhang D., Jin Y., Sun D. Multi-Objective Optimization of Thermoplastic CF/PEKK Drilling Through a Hybrid Method: An Approach Towards Sustainable Manufacturing. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 167, 107418, 2023.
- Gruescu C.M., Ionescu C.L., Nicoara I., Lovasz A. Experimental Optimization of Process Parameters in Laser Cutting of Polycarbonate Gears. Mechanics 18 (2), 233-238, 2012.
- Haddadi E., Moradi M., Ghavidel A.K., Ghavidel A.K., Meiabadi S. Experimental and Parametric Evaluation of Cut Quality Characteristics in CO2 Laser Cutting of Polystyrene. Optik 184, 103-114, 2019.
- Huang S., Fu Z., Liu C., Li J. Multi-Objective Optimization of Fiber Laser Cutting Quality Characteristics of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP) Materials. Optics & Laser Technology 167, 109720, 2023.
- Huda M.S., Drzal L.T., Ray D., Mohanty A.K., Mishra M. Natural-Fiber Composites in the Automotive Sector. In Properties and Performance of Natural-Fibre Composites, Woodhead Publishing, Sawston, UK, pp. 221-268, 2008.
- Jadam T., Datta S., Masanta M. Study of Surface Integrity and Machining Performance During Main/Rough Cut and Trim/Finish Cut Mode of WEDM on Ti–6Al–4V: Effects of ire Material. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 41, 1-23, 2019.
- Karamimoghadam M., Dezaki M.L., Zolfagharian A., Bodaghi M. Influence of Post-Processing CO2 Laser Cutting and FFF 3D Printing Parameters on the Surface Morphology of PLAs: Statistical Modelling and RSM Optimisation. International Journal of Lightweight Materials and Manufacture 6 (2), 285-295, 2023.
- Moradi M., Mehrabi O., Azdast T., Benyounis K.Y. Enhancement of Low Power CO2 Laser Cutting Process for Injection Molded Polycarbonate. Optics & Laser Technology 96, 208-218, 2017.
- Motorcu A.R., Ekici E. Al/B4C Kompozitlerin Karbür Matkaplarla Delinmesinin Değerlendirilmesi. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 22 (4), 259-66, 2016.
- Oberoi S., Malik M. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), Chlorinated Polyethylene (CPE), Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC), Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene (CSPE), Polychloroprene Rubber (CR)—Chemistry, Applications and Ecological Impacts - I. In: Malik, J.A., Marathe, S. (eds) Ecological and Health Effects of Building Materials. Springer, Cham, pp. 33-52, 2022.
- Ordu M., Der O. Polymeric Materials Selection for Flexible Pulsating Heat Pipe Manufacturing Using a Comparative Hybrid MCDM Approach. Polymers 15 (13), 2933, 2023a.
- Ordu M., Der O. Yeşil Üretim İçin Çevresel Etki Temelli Termoplastik Malzeme Seçimi: Karşılaştırmalı Bir Hibrid ÇKKV Yaklaşımı. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 39 (1), 100-115, 2023b.
- Ordu M., Fedai Y. A Novel Decision Support System Based on Fuzzy Multi Criteria Decision Making for Optimizing Machining Parameters. Journal of Engineering Research 2021.
- Özlü B. St-37 Malzemesinin Lazer Kesiminde İşleme Parametrelerinin Deneysel ve İstatiksel Olarak İncelenmesi. Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 33 (1), 161-71, 2021.
- Petousis M., Ninikas K., Vidakis N., Mountakis N., Kechagias J.D. Multifunctional PLA/CNTs Nanocomposites Hybrid 3D Printing Integrating Material Extrusion and CO2 Laser Cutting. Journal of Manufacturing Processes 86, 237-252, 2023.
- Rahman M., Brazel C.S. Ionic Liquids: New Generation Stable Plasticizers for Poly (Vinyl Chloride). Polymer Degradation and Stability 91 (12), 3371-3382, 2006.
- Rajaram N., Sheikh-Ahmad J., Cheraghi S.H. CO2 Laser Cut Quality of 4130 Steel. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 43 (4), 351-358, 2003.
- Roy R.K. A Primer on the Taguchi Method. Competitive Manufacturing Series. 1st ed., Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, USA, 1990.
- Saleh S.J., Qaisy A., Karataş C. Laser Cutting of High Density Polyethylene (Hdpe) Pipes Pe100 Using CO2 Gas Laser. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 9 (1), 6193–6199, 2019.
- Soutis C. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics in Aircraft Construction. Materials Science and Engineering: A 412 (1-2), 171-176, 2005.
- Varsey A.M., Shaikh A.H. Experimental and Statistical Study on Kerf Taper Angle During CO2 Laser Cutting of Thermoplastic Material. Journal of Laser Applications 31 (3), 032010, 2019.
- Varsi A.M., Shaikh A.H. Developing an Algorithm for Predicting Depth as well as Number of Passes During CO2 Laser Machining on Thermoplastic Material. Journal of Laser Applications 30 (4), 042007, 2018.
- Yaka H. Tornalama Sonrası Çıkan Talaşlardan Elde Edilen Alüminyum 5000 Alaşımının Yüzey Pürüzlülüğünün Taguchi Yöntemi ile Analizi. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 11 (1), 464-473, 2021.
- Yalçın B., Yüksel A., Aslantaş K., Der O., Ercetin A. Optimization of Micro-Drilling of Laminated Aluminum Composite Panel (Al–PE) Using Taguchi Orthogonal Array Design. Materials 16 (13), 4528, 2023.
- You K., Yan G., Luo X., Gilchrist M.D., Fang F. Advances in Laser Assisted Machining of Hard and Brittle Materials. Journal of Manufacturing Processes 58, 677-692, 2020.
- Yu L., Dean K., Li L. Polymer Blends and Composites from Renewable Resources. Progress in Polymer Science 31 (6), 576-602, 2006.
Statistical Investigation of the Effect of CO2 Laser Cutting Parameters on Kerf Width and Heat Affected Zone in Thermoplastic Materials
Öz
Understanding and optimizing the CO2 laser cutting process of thermoplastic materials is critical for improving product quality, reducing waste, and achieving efficient manufacturing processes. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a number of input parameters (i.e., material type, power, and cutting speed) on the key output parameters (i.e., kerf width and heat affected zone) in CO2 laser cutting of thermoplastic materials. The laser cutting process was performed based on the Taguchi L18 (21x32) orthogonal array design. The effects of cutting parameters on the outputs were calculated by using the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and analysis of variance (ANOVA) techniques. Furthermore, first and second-degree mathematical models were established by using regression analysis to estimate the values of kerf width and heat affected zone. The optimum laser cutting parameters for kerf width and heat affected zone were determined as and Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) material type, 80 W power, and 15 mm/s cutting speed. The ANOVA results showed that the most efficient parameter on kerf width was power with 53.99% while the most efficient parameter on heat affected zone was material type with 40.96%. In addition, the coefficient of determination (R2) values for the regression equations developed for the outputs are significantly high. The R2 values of the first- and second-degree regression equations for KW are 97.26% and 99.71%, respectively, whereas 93.43% and 98.18% for HAZ.
Anahtar Kelimeler
CO2 Laser Cutting Kerf Width Heat Affected Zone ANOVA Regression Analysis
Destekleyen Kurum
Osmaniye Korkut Ata University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit
Proje Numarası
OKUBAP-2022-PT1-003
Teşekkür
This work has been supported by Osmaniye Korkut Ata University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit under grant number #OKUBAP-2022-PT1-003.
Kaynakça
- Akkuş H., Yaka H. Optimization of Turning Process by Using Taguchi Method. Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 22 (5), 1444-1448, 2018.
- Akovali G. Plastic Materials: Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC). In Toxicity of Building Materials. Woodhead Publishing, Sawston, UK, pp. 23-53, 2012.
- Basar G., Kirli Akin H., Kahraman F., Fedai Y. Modeling and Optimization of Face Milling Process Parameters for AISI 4140 Steel. Tehnički Glasnik 12 (1), 5-10, 2018.
- Bilge T., Motorcu A.R., Ivanov A. Kompakt Laminat Kompozit Malzemenin Tungsten Karbür Takımlarla Delinmesinde Delaminasyon Faktörünün Değerlendirilmesi. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 23 (4), 427-436, 2017.
- Callister W.D. Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction, 2nd Edition, Jr John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1991.
- Chen X., Li T., Zhai K., Hu Z., Zhou M. Using Orthogonal Experimental Method Optimizing Surface Quality of CO2 Laser Cutting Process for PMMA Microchannels. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 88, 2727-2733, 2017.
- Choudhury I.A., Shirley S. Laser Cutting of Polymeric Materials: An Experimental Investigation. Optics & Laser Technology 42 (3), 503-508, 2010.
- De Leon A.C., Da Silva Í.G., Pangilinan K.D., Chen Q., Caldona E.B., Advincula R.C. High Performance Polymers for Oil and Gas Applications. Reactive and Functional Polymers 162, 104878, 2021.
- Der O., Edwardson S., Bertola V. Manufacturing Low-Cost Fluidic and Heat Transfer Devices with Polymer Materials by Selective Transmission Laser Welding. In Encyclopedia of Materials: Plastics and Polymers. Elsevier; 2022.
- Der O., Edwardson S., Marengo M., Bertola V. Engineered Composite Polymer Sheets with Enhanced Thermal Conductivity. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 613 (1), 012008, 2019.
- El-Hofy M.H., El-Hofy H. Laser Beam Machining of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites: A Review. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 101 (9-12), 2965-2975, 2019.
- Evode N., Qamar S.A., Bilal M., Barceló D., Iqbal H.M. Plastic Waste and Its Management Strategies for Environmental Sustainability. Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering 4, 100142, 2021.
- Fedai Y., Basar G., Kirli Akin H. Multi-Response Optimization in Drilling of MWCNTs Reinforced GFRP Using Grey Relational Analysis. Tehnički Vjesnik 29 (3), 742-751, 2022.
- Fleck N.A., Deshpande V.S., Ashby M.F. Micro-Architectured Materials: Past, Present and Future. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 466 (2121), 2495-2516, 2010.
- Ge J., Zhang W., Luo M., Catalanotti G., Falzon B.G., Higgins C., Zhang D., Jin Y., Sun D. Multi-Objective Optimization of Thermoplastic CF/PEKK Drilling Through a Hybrid Method: An Approach Towards Sustainable Manufacturing. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 167, 107418, 2023.
- Gruescu C.M., Ionescu C.L., Nicoara I., Lovasz A. Experimental Optimization of Process Parameters in Laser Cutting of Polycarbonate Gears. Mechanics 18 (2), 233-238, 2012.
- Haddadi E., Moradi M., Ghavidel A.K., Ghavidel A.K., Meiabadi S. Experimental and Parametric Evaluation of Cut Quality Characteristics in CO2 Laser Cutting of Polystyrene. Optik 184, 103-114, 2019.
- Huang S., Fu Z., Liu C., Li J. Multi-Objective Optimization of Fiber Laser Cutting Quality Characteristics of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP) Materials. Optics & Laser Technology 167, 109720, 2023.
- Huda M.S., Drzal L.T., Ray D., Mohanty A.K., Mishra M. Natural-Fiber Composites in the Automotive Sector. In Properties and Performance of Natural-Fibre Composites, Woodhead Publishing, Sawston, UK, pp. 221-268, 2008.
- Jadam T., Datta S., Masanta M. Study of Surface Integrity and Machining Performance During Main/Rough Cut and Trim/Finish Cut Mode of WEDM on Ti–6Al–4V: Effects of ire Material. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 41, 1-23, 2019.
- Karamimoghadam M., Dezaki M.L., Zolfagharian A., Bodaghi M. Influence of Post-Processing CO2 Laser Cutting and FFF 3D Printing Parameters on the Surface Morphology of PLAs: Statistical Modelling and RSM Optimisation. International Journal of Lightweight Materials and Manufacture 6 (2), 285-295, 2023.
- Moradi M., Mehrabi O., Azdast T., Benyounis K.Y. Enhancement of Low Power CO2 Laser Cutting Process for Injection Molded Polycarbonate. Optics & Laser Technology 96, 208-218, 2017.
- Motorcu A.R., Ekici E. Al/B4C Kompozitlerin Karbür Matkaplarla Delinmesinin Değerlendirilmesi. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 22 (4), 259-66, 2016.
- Oberoi S., Malik M. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), Chlorinated Polyethylene (CPE), Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC), Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene (CSPE), Polychloroprene Rubber (CR)—Chemistry, Applications and Ecological Impacts - I. In: Malik, J.A., Marathe, S. (eds) Ecological and Health Effects of Building Materials. Springer, Cham, pp. 33-52, 2022.
- Ordu M., Der O. Polymeric Materials Selection for Flexible Pulsating Heat Pipe Manufacturing Using a Comparative Hybrid MCDM Approach. Polymers 15 (13), 2933, 2023a.
- Ordu M., Der O. Yeşil Üretim İçin Çevresel Etki Temelli Termoplastik Malzeme Seçimi: Karşılaştırmalı Bir Hibrid ÇKKV Yaklaşımı. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 39 (1), 100-115, 2023b.
- Ordu M., Fedai Y. A Novel Decision Support System Based on Fuzzy Multi Criteria Decision Making for Optimizing Machining Parameters. Journal of Engineering Research 2021.
- Özlü B. St-37 Malzemesinin Lazer Kesiminde İşleme Parametrelerinin Deneysel ve İstatiksel Olarak İncelenmesi. Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 33 (1), 161-71, 2021.
- Petousis M., Ninikas K., Vidakis N., Mountakis N., Kechagias J.D. Multifunctional PLA/CNTs Nanocomposites Hybrid 3D Printing Integrating Material Extrusion and CO2 Laser Cutting. Journal of Manufacturing Processes 86, 237-252, 2023.
- Rahman M., Brazel C.S. Ionic Liquids: New Generation Stable Plasticizers for Poly (Vinyl Chloride). Polymer Degradation and Stability 91 (12), 3371-3382, 2006.
- Rajaram N., Sheikh-Ahmad J., Cheraghi S.H. CO2 Laser Cut Quality of 4130 Steel. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 43 (4), 351-358, 2003.
- Roy R.K. A Primer on the Taguchi Method. Competitive Manufacturing Series. 1st ed., Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, USA, 1990.
- Saleh S.J., Qaisy A., Karataş C. Laser Cutting of High Density Polyethylene (Hdpe) Pipes Pe100 Using CO2 Gas Laser. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 9 (1), 6193–6199, 2019.
- Soutis C. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics in Aircraft Construction. Materials Science and Engineering: A 412 (1-2), 171-176, 2005.
- Varsey A.M., Shaikh A.H. Experimental and Statistical Study on Kerf Taper Angle During CO2 Laser Cutting of Thermoplastic Material. Journal of Laser Applications 31 (3), 032010, 2019.
- Varsi A.M., Shaikh A.H. Developing an Algorithm for Predicting Depth as well as Number of Passes During CO2 Laser Machining on Thermoplastic Material. Journal of Laser Applications 30 (4), 042007, 2018.
- Yaka H. Tornalama Sonrası Çıkan Talaşlardan Elde Edilen Alüminyum 5000 Alaşımının Yüzey Pürüzlülüğünün Taguchi Yöntemi ile Analizi. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 11 (1), 464-473, 2021.
- Yalçın B., Yüksel A., Aslantaş K., Der O., Ercetin A. Optimization of Micro-Drilling of Laminated Aluminum Composite Panel (Al–PE) Using Taguchi Orthogonal Array Design. Materials 16 (13), 4528, 2023.
- You K., Yan G., Luo X., Gilchrist M.D., Fang F. Advances in Laser Assisted Machining of Hard and Brittle Materials. Journal of Manufacturing Processes 58, 677-692, 2020.
- Yu L., Dean K., Li L. Polymer Blends and Composites from Renewable Resources. Progress in Polymer Science 31 (6), 576-602, 2006.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Makine İle İşleme |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | OKUBAP-2022-PT1-003 |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 25 Aralık 2023 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 26 Aralık 2023 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 13 Eylül 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2 |
